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Pilotwings

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Pilotwings



 
 
is a Nintendo
Nintendo

is a global company located in Kyoto, Japan founded on September 23, 1889 by Fusajiro Yamauchi to produce handmade hanafuda cards. By 1963, the company had tried several small niche businesses, such as a cab company and a love hotel....
 video game for the Super NES/Super Famicom
Super Nintendo Entertainment System

The Super Nintendo Entertainment System or Super NES is a History of video game consoles video game console that was released by Nintendo in North America, Europe, Australasia , and South America between 1990 and 1993....
, originally released in 1990
1990 in video gaming

Events...
, and included with the system in some early packages. A flight simulator
Flight simulator

A flight simulator is a system that tries to copy, or simulation, the experience of flight an aircraft. It is as realistic as possible. The different types of flight simulator range from video games up to full-size cockpit replicas mounted on hydraulic actuators, controlled by state of the art computer technology....
 game, Pilotwings features lessons and goals in light plane flight, rocketbelt, hang glider, and skydiving. Added to these are bonus stage
Bonus stage

A bonus stage is a special level within a video game designed to reward the player or players. A bonus stage typically allows the player to collect extra points or power-ups and usually has no dangerous enemies....
s which, like many secrets in 1990s vintage Nintendo titles, change your character's iconic representation to a cute cartoonish animal--in this case a penguin
Penguin

Penguins are a group of Aquatic animal, flightless bird birds living almost exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere. Highly adapted for life in the water, penguins have countershading dark and white plumage, and their wings have become Flipper ....
, albatross
Albatross

Albatrosses, of the biological family Diomedeidae, are large seabirds allied to the procellariidae, storm-petrels and diving-petrels in the order Procellariiformes ....
, and stork.






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is a Nintendo
Nintendo

is a global company located in Kyoto, Japan founded on September 23, 1889 by Fusajiro Yamauchi to produce handmade hanafuda cards. By 1963, the company had tried several small niche businesses, such as a cab company and a love hotel....
 video game for the Super NES/Super Famicom
Super Nintendo Entertainment System

The Super Nintendo Entertainment System or Super NES is a History of video game consoles video game console that was released by Nintendo in North America, Europe, Australasia , and South America between 1990 and 1993....
, originally released in 1990
1990 in video gaming

Events...
, and included with the system in some early packages. A flight simulator
Flight simulator

A flight simulator is a system that tries to copy, or simulation, the experience of flight an aircraft. It is as realistic as possible. The different types of flight simulator range from video games up to full-size cockpit replicas mounted on hydraulic actuators, controlled by state of the art computer technology....
 game, Pilotwings features lessons and goals in light plane flight, rocketbelt, hang glider, and skydiving. Added to these are bonus stage
Bonus stage

A bonus stage is a special level within a video game designed to reward the player or players. A bonus stage typically allows the player to collect extra points or power-ups and usually has no dangerous enemies....
s which, like many secrets in 1990s vintage Nintendo titles, change your character's iconic representation to a cute cartoonish animal--in this case a penguin
Penguin

Penguins are a group of Aquatic animal, flightless bird birds living almost exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere. Highly adapted for life in the water, penguins have countershading dark and white plumage, and their wings have become Flipper ....
, albatross
Albatross

Albatrosses, of the biological family Diomedeidae, are large seabirds allied to the procellariidae, storm-petrels and diving-petrels in the order Procellariiformes ....
, and stork. Levels involving helicopter gunships also exist.

The game, along with F-Zero
F-Zero

is a futuristic racing game developed and published by Nintendo for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System . The game was released in Japan on November 21, 1990, in North America on August 13, 1991, and in Europe on June 4, 1992....
, is well-known for extensive use of the Super Nintendo's Mode 7
Mode 7

The term Mode 7 originated on the Super Nintendo Entertainment System video game console, on which it describes a simple texture mapping graphics mode that allows a background layer to be rotated and scaled....
 graphics, which allows rotation, scaling, and various other effects to be used on a flat image to create a 3D
3D computer graphics

3D computer graphics are graphics that use a Cartesian coordinate system#Three-dimensional coordinate system representation of geometric data that is stored in the computer for the purposes of performing calculations and rendering 2D images....
 effect. Because the game does not use "true" 3D technology (as opposed to the Super Nintendo game Star Fox
Star Fox (video game)

Star Fox may refer to one of two video games:*Star Fox , a video game published by Mythicon for the Atari 2600*Star Fox , a video game published by Nintendo for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System...
), in Pilotwings, the buildings, runway, trees, and so on are all "painted" flat on the ground plane; they appear to stick out of the ground when the player's viewpoint is far above.

A sequel, Pilotwings 64
Pilotwings 64

is a video game for the Nintendo 64, released in 1996, along with the launch of the console. It was one of two launch titles for the Nintendo 64, the other being Super Mario 64....
, was released for the Nintendo 64
Nintendo 64

The , often abbreviated as N64, is Nintendo's third home video game console for the international market. Named for its 64-bit CPU, it was released on June 23, 1996 in Japan, September 29, 1996 in North America, March 1, 1997 in Europe and Australia, September 1, 1997 in France and December 10, 1997 in Brazil....
.

Development

Pilotwings origins lies in a tech demo shown by Nintendo in 1988 (the same year that the Super Famicom was announced) known as Dragonfly, along with early screenshots of Super Mario World
Super Mario World

is a platform game developed and published by Nintendo as a pack-in game launch title for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System. It has gone on to become a tremendous critical and commercial success, becoming the best seller for the platform, with 20 million copies sold worldwide....
. Dragonfly was markedly different from the game it would later become; the concept involved a dragonfly that could use weapons.

Gameplay

The game takes place in a series of training areas. In each area there is a number of events that can be tackled in any order. In these events, the player controls one of four different aerial vehicles and must complete a task (usually flying through various floating markers) within a time limit. Upon completion or failure of the task, the player gets points and comments from the instructors. Points are awarded on criteria such as time to complete the event, accuracy of the landing, and completion of the task. To complete the training area, the combined scores from each event must exceed a certain threshold. Each training area can be attempted as often as necessary, and password
Password (video games)

In many video games of the history of video games and history of video games s, after a level was beaten and/or when all continues were used, the game would display a password, that when entered in the game would allow the player to return back to this part in the game....
s allow the player to return to a stage.

After four training areas, the player is called upon to fly an attack helicopter on a mission which, if successful, will earn the Pilotwings. This leads to harder training areas (consisting of several weather conditions and higher score requirements) and another helicopter mission. This mode is known as Pilotwings EXPERT.

Light Plane

Pilotwings Biplane
The Light Plane, a biplane
Biplane

A biplane is a fixed-wing aircraft with two main wings. The Wright brothers Wright Flyer used a biplane design, as did most aircraft in the early years of aviation....
, is featured on all training areas. Roll and pitch
Flight dynamics

Flight dynamics is the science of aircraft and spacecraft vehicle orientation and control in three dimensions. The three critical flight dynamics parameters are the angles of rotation in three dimensions about the vehicle's center of mass, known as pitch, roll and yaw ....
 are limited, meaning aerobatic
Aerobatics

File:Sarang 2.jpgAerobatics is the demonstration of flight maneuvers for training, recreation or entertainment.Many aerobatic maneuvers involve rotation of the aircraft about its longtitudinal axis or the pitch axis ....
 maneuvers like loops and rolls are impossible. Speed can be increased and decreased with the throttle
Aircraft engine controls

Aircraft engine controls provide a means for the pilot to control and monitor the operation of the aircraft's powerplant. This article describes controls used with a basic internal-combustion engine driving a propeller....
. Landing too hard or with too much bank can wreck the aircraft.

In the Light Plane event the player must fly through a guide path of orbs, or rings of orbs, and then attempt to land on the runway. In some cases the player starts on the runway and must take off as well as land. Points are awarded for how many of the orbs or rings are flown close to or through respectively, the time taken, and the quality of the landing. Unlike the other events, there is no hidden bonus stage in Light Plane.

Rocket Belt

The rocket belt
Jet pack

Jet pack, rocket belt, rocket pack, and similar names, are various types of device, usually worn on the back, that use jets of escaping gases to allow a single user to flight....
 can be controlled with left and right yaw rotation, leaning forward and back to control speed. High and low levels of thrust allow high speed and finer control. The character automatically returns to a vertical orientation when there is no player input. Player view can be switched to an overhead perspective to allow for easier accuracy when landing. As with a real rocket belt, fuel is limited.

In the Rocket Belt event, the player must take off and fly through a series of rings, bars or other figures, before attempting to land in a target area. The target is made up of a series of concentric circles, with scores marked on them, so that the closer to the center players land, the higher their score. There may also be other separate targets, for fewer points, and a moving platform for a bonus stage. Points are awarded for where the player lands, but also for the time taken, and for a slow (i.e. soft) landing, and are subtracted if the player lands on ground before he or she passes all of the obstacles.

Hang Glider

Hang glider
Hang gliding

Hang gliding is an air sport in which a pilot flies a light and unmotorized foot-launchable aircraft called a hang glider. Most modern hang gliders are made of an aluminum or composite material frame with a fabric wing....
 flight begins with detachment of the cable connecting the tow aircraft while in the air. If the nose is held too high, the glider will stall. Altitude is gained by flying through thermal
Thermal

A thermal column is a column of rising air in the lower altitudes of the Earth's atmosphere. Thermals are created by the uneven heating of the Earth's surface from solar radiation, and an example of convection....
s, represented by columns of rising white dots. Landings can be controlled with the flare button, which slows the glider and brings the pilot's legs into position.

The objective is to catch the thermal current, ascend to the specified altitude, then land as close as possible to the center of the gray square target over the land area of the course. Players can land on the target(s) over the water for access to the bonus stage. Points are awarded based on accuracy (how close the player lands to the center of the target area), time taken, and speed (softness) of landing.

Skydiving

Pilotwings Skydiving
Skydiving
Parachuting

Parachuting, also known as skydiving, is where a person jumps from enough height so that he can deploy a fabric parachute and land safely.The history of parachuting appears to start with Andre-Jacques Garnerin who made successful parachute jumps from a hot-air balloon in 1797....
 is performed from a rope ladder hanging from a helicopter at altitude. Maneuvering is controlled by leaning forward and back, and rotating on the horizontal axis. Once the player reaches a certain altitude, the parachute
Parachute

A parachute is a device used to slow the motion of an object through an atmosphere by creating Drag .Parachutes are made out of cloth, most commonly nylon....
 is deployed manually. It can be rotated left and right as well as flared, like the hang glider.

In the Skydiving event, after jumping from the helicopter, the player must attempt to fly through a series of rings of orbs in the sky, before deploying the parachute, and attempting to land in a target area made up of concentric circles, with marks indicating the points awarded. More points are awarded the closer to the centre the player lands. There is also a moving platform, which allows access to a bonus level if landed on. Points are awarded for where the player lands, but also for the number of rings flown through, and the speed (i.e. softness) of landing.

Helicopter

Pilotwings Helicopter
The helicopter has forward, backward, left, and right pitch controls, rotor
Helicopter rotor

A helicopter rotor is the rotating part of a helicopter which controls the blades that produce the aerodynamic Lift for the helicopter. The helicopter rotor, also called the rotor system, usually refers to the helicopter's main rotor which is mounted on a vertical mast over the top of the helicopter, although it can refer to the...
 throttle controls that control the helicopter's altitude, and left and right missile firing controls.

After completing the certification courses from all four instructors, the player is informed that an agent (most likely a government agent) has infiltrated an enemy base (EVIL Syndicate) on Izanu Island and has freed your instructors who are waiting to be rescued. The player's new mission is to fly an Apache Attack Helicopter
AH-64 Apache

The AH-64 Apache is an all-weather day-night military attack helicopter with a four-bladed main and tail rotor and a crew of two pilots who sit in tandem....
 from an offshore aircraft carrier
Aircraft carrier

An aircraft carrier is a warship designed with a primary mission of deploying and recovering aircraft, acting as a seagoing airbase. Aircraft carriers thus allow a navy force to project air power great distances without having to depend on local bases for staging aircraft operations....
 over the island, land at the helipad
Helipad

The word helipad is a portmanteau word meaning helicopter landing pad, a landing area for helicopters. Though helicopters can usually land anywhere flat, a fabricated helipad provides a clearly marked hard surface away from obstacles where a helicopter can land....
 of the enemy base to retrieve the captives. These two rescue missions stand out from the normal courses in that the player does more than maneuver a craft; as the player flies over the island, they must successfully dodge anti-aircraft fire
Anti-aircraft warfare

Anti-aircraft warfare, or air defense, is any method of engaging hostile military aircraft in defense of ground Tactical objective, ground or naval forces or denial of passage through a specific Territorial waters region, Area or anti-aircraft combat zone....
 from ground-based turrets; though the helicopter is able to fire missiles to destroy the artillery, a single hit to the craft will bring it crashing to earth, resulting in an immediate Game Over.

Bonus Stages

In the Skydiving, Rocket Belt, and Hang Glider modes, landing on moving platforms (or sea-based, in the latter) rewards players with a perfect score and a bonus stage for extra points, earned by falling into the water of a target area. These stages, which parody the gameplay of their counterparts, include:

  • Maneuvering a diving penguin into a pool (Skydiving).
  • Bouncing a winged man across a series of trampolines (Rocket Belt).
  • Flying another winged man as far as possible (Hang Glider).


External links