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Leskovac
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Leskovac (Serbian Cyrillic: ????????) is a city and municipality located in southern Serbia at 43.00° North, 21.95° East. It is the administrative center of the Jablanica District of Serbia. Leskovac is accessible from Belgrade by the E75 motorway to Thessaloniki in Greece.
860, Leskovac was the second largest city (after Belgrade) in the Principality of Serbia. In 1867 the Principality secured the removal of Ottoman army garrisons from the cities, acquiring sovereingty, which was internationally recognised at the Congress of Berlin in 1878.
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Encyclopedia
Leskovac (Serbian Cyrillic: ????????) is a city and municipality located in southern Serbia at 43.00° North, 21.95° East. It is the administrative center of the Jablanica District of Serbia. Leskovac is accessible from Belgrade by the E75 motorway to Thessaloniki in Greece.
History
In 1860, Leskovac was the second largest city (after Belgrade) in the Principality of Serbia. In 1867 the Principality secured the removal of Ottoman army garrisons from the cities, acquiring sovereingty, which was internationally recognised at the Congress of Berlin in 1878. By emancipating fully from the Ottoman Balkans the trade impact was initially negative. However, by the end of the 19th century, the town of Leskovac was famous across the Balkans for its workshops which turned hemp into rope. Leskovac was known as Leskofça during Ottman rule and was bounded to Nis sanjak until 1878.
Soon there were three watermill-driven lace producers in the region. In 1896, the founders of these companies pooled their resources and bought factory equipment for the production of woollen cloth from the German Empire. This was the first factory on the outskirts of the town. In 1903, a factory for hemp processing was built on the riverbank north of the old town centre. In 1922, the Teokarevic family opened a wool cloth factory in the small town of Vucje near Leskovac. By 1938, the private textile factories of Leskovac town employed 2,560 workers
In the 1870s, there were thousands of hemp-processors in Leskovac, producing up to 150,000 cartloads per year.
The city, initially known as Dubocica, was once known as "Little Manchester", because of its 19th century textile industry which was second only to that of Manchester, England. The city continued to be a major textile center until the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe, but due to the economic isolation of Serbia resulting from ethnic wars, its remote location, and failure to privatize the mills, the industry collapsed resulting in depression of the economy in the area.
During World War II, the city was part of Nedic's Serbia. It was heavily bombed by the Allies in 1944, with estimates of civilian casualties varying from over a thousand to six thousand.
Kosovo Conflict
On 12 April 1999, during the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia a bridge near Leskovac (Grdelicka klisura) was destroyed by a NATO aircraft as a passenger train was crossing. The act was highly condemned with the bridge being struck twice (the train itself having been bombed from the first attack).
Demographics
Demographics of the municipality
Ethnic groups in the municipality (2002 census):
- Serbs = 155,011
- Roma = 6,989
Demographics of the town
In 2002 the town's population was 78,030of whom the majority are primarily Serbs (73,902). Other significant ethnic groups are Roma (4,327), Montenegrins (223), Macedonians (168), Yugoslavs (108), and others (including Greeks, Bulgarians, etc). In January 2007, there were an estimated 300 persons of Chinese origin living in Leskovac.
At one time the second largest city in Serbia, today Leskovac is blighted by economic problems with many working age people migrating out of the area.
Population through history
- 1900: 13,641
- 1905: 13,647
- 1910: 14,266
- 1921: 15,250
- 1931: 17,632
- 1941: 20,500 (estimate)
- 1948: 20,913
- 1953: 24,553
- 1961: 34,396
- 1971: 45,478
- 1981: 56,110
- 1991: 61,487
- 2002: 78,030
Subdivisions
The city proper of Leskovac is divided into the following local communities (????? ????????? or mesne zajednice):
- Radnicko (????????)
- Dubocica (????????)
- Centar
- Morava
- Hisar
- Prva južnomravska brigada (???? ????????????? ???????)
- Rade Žunic (???? ?????)
- Marko Crni (????? ????)
- Kosta Stamenkovic (????? ???????????)
- Veljko Vlahovic (????? ????????), named after a Serbian-Montenegrin Communist
- Milentije Popovic (????????? ???????), named after a Serbian Communist
- Stojan Ljubic (?????? ?????)
- Moša Pijade (???? ??????), named after a Serbian-Jewish Communist
Events
Roštiljijada
"Roštiljijada" (Serbian Cyrillic: ???????????, in English - Barbecue week) is a grill-meat festival that has been organized in Leskovac for many years, which takes place each year at the beginning of September. During the event, the main bulevard is closed for traffic, night and day for five days, and all its way there are grill-stands constructed, to create many temporary restaurants. Many visitors from all over Serbia and many tourists come to Leskovac to enjoy a good grill and entertainment. The organisers hold competitions, such as in making the biggest burger - the pljeskavica. The festival is the highlight of the season in Leskovac.
Notable citizens
- Miodrag Stojkovic, geneticist
- Jelena Božilovic, scientist,Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt am Main
- Gojko Mitic, actor
- Maja Miljkovic, basketball player
- Darko Filipovic, singer
- , engineer, painter, talkshow host
Twin cities
See also
External links
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