Leon Sapieha
Encyclopedia
Leon Sapieha was a Polish
noble (szlachcic), politician and statesman.
Leon was born and educated in Warsaw
, and studied law and economic in Paris
and Edinburgh
from 1820 to 1824. He began to work in the administration in the Polish (Congress) Kingdom
. After the outbreak of the November Uprising
in 1830, he left Poland and took part in diplomatic missions of the Polish "National Government" in France
and Great Britain
. After that, he returned and participated in the Uprising in the rank of an Artillery Captain, among others in the defend of Warsaw
on September 6/7. He was awarded for that the Virtuti Militari
Order. After the collapse of the Uprising he settled in the Austrian occupied
part of Poland. In 1835 Russian authorities confiscated his estates in Congress Poland as punishment for his participation in the failed Uprising.
He was member of "National movement" circles and hold contacts with the "Hotel Lambert
". He became member of the National Sejm
(Diet of Galicia
) in the Austro-Hungarian province of Galicia
, member of the Austrian Council of the State and member of the imperial Herrenhaus
in 1861. In 1863 he didn't participate in the January Uprising
in Russian-occupied Poland, but contributed towards it financially. From 1861 until 1875 he served as Sejm Marshal. In 1875 he retired from political life.
During his career as he devoted much energy to agitating for the development of railways in Galicia, believing this to be central to the development of the region and the lives of its mostly Polish inhabitants. In 1858 after years of struggling to secure support in Vienna
for his plans he was able to initiate the construction of the Carl Ludwig railway line
connecting the railhead at Kraków
with Lwow
and Brody
and linking Galicia with the rest of Europe.
) named its street after him, ulica Sapiezinskego (today - Independence Street
), which carried its name until the start of World War II
.
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
noble (szlachcic), politician and statesman.
Leon was born and educated in Warsaw
Warsaw
Warsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population in 2010 was estimated at 1,716,855 residents with a greater metropolitan area of 2,631,902 residents, making Warsaw the 10th most...
, and studied law and economic in Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
and Edinburgh
Edinburgh
Edinburgh is the capital city of Scotland, the second largest city in Scotland, and the eighth most populous in the United Kingdom. The City of Edinburgh Council governs one of Scotland's 32 local government council areas. The council area includes urban Edinburgh and a rural area...
from 1820 to 1824. He began to work in the administration in the Polish (Congress) Kingdom
Congress Poland
The Kingdom of Poland , informally known as Congress Poland , created in 1815 by the Congress of Vienna, was a personal union of the Russian parcel of Poland with the Russian Empire...
. After the outbreak of the November Uprising
November Uprising
The November Uprising , Polish–Russian War 1830–31 also known as the Cadet Revolution, was an armed rebellion in the heartland of partitioned Poland against the Russian Empire. The uprising began on 29 November 1830 in Warsaw when the young Polish officers from the local Army of the Congress...
in 1830, he left Poland and took part in diplomatic missions of the Polish "National Government" in France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
and Great Britain
Great Britain
Great Britain or Britain is an island situated to the northwest of Continental Europe. It is the ninth largest island in the world, and the largest European island, as well as the largest of the British Isles...
. After that, he returned and participated in the Uprising in the rank of an Artillery Captain, among others in the defend of Warsaw
Warsaw
Warsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population in 2010 was estimated at 1,716,855 residents with a greater metropolitan area of 2,631,902 residents, making Warsaw the 10th most...
on September 6/7. He was awarded for that the Virtuti Militari
Virtuti Militari
The Order Wojenny Virtuti Militari is Poland's highest military decoration for heroism and courage in the face of the enemy at war...
Order. After the collapse of the Uprising he settled in the Austrian occupied
Partitions of Poland
The Partitions of Poland or Partitions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth took place in the second half of the 18th century and ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, resulting in the elimination of sovereign Poland for 123 years...
part of Poland. In 1835 Russian authorities confiscated his estates in Congress Poland as punishment for his participation in the failed Uprising.
He was member of "National movement" circles and hold contacts with the "Hotel Lambert
Hôtel Lambert
Hôtel Lambert is a hôtel particulier, a grand mansion townhouse, on the Quai Anjou on the eastern tip of the Île Saint-Louis, Paris IVème; the name, Hôtel Lambert, was a sobriquet that designated a 19th-century political faction of Polish exiles, who gathered there.-Architectural history:The house...
". He became member of the National Sejm
Sejm
The Sejm is the lower house of the Polish parliament. The Sejm is made up of 460 deputies, or Poseł in Polish . It is elected by universal ballot and is presided over by a speaker called the Marshal of the Sejm ....
(Diet of Galicia
Diet of Galicia
The Diet of Galicia was the regional assembly of the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, which was part of Austro-Hungary. The Galician diet was a unicameral assembly composed of 150 deputies, which was presided over by a marshal or a vice-marshal that were appointed by the emperor. The...
) in the Austro-Hungarian province of Galicia
Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria
The Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria was a crownland of the Habsburg Monarchy, the Austrian Empire, and Austria–Hungary from 1772 to 1918 .This historical region in eastern Central Europe is currently divided between Poland and Ukraine...
, member of the Austrian Council of the State and member of the imperial Herrenhaus
Herrenhaus
The German term Herrenhaus is equivalent to the English House of Lords and describes roughly similar institutions as the English House of Lords in German-speaking countries.More specifically, Herrenhaus, can refer to either of the following:...
in 1861. In 1863 he didn't participate in the January Uprising
January Uprising
The January Uprising was an uprising in the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth against the Russian Empire...
in Russian-occupied Poland, but contributed towards it financially. From 1861 until 1875 he served as Sejm Marshal. In 1875 he retired from political life.
During his career as he devoted much energy to agitating for the development of railways in Galicia, believing this to be central to the development of the region and the lives of its mostly Polish inhabitants. In 1858 after years of struggling to secure support in Vienna
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
for his plans he was able to initiate the construction of the Carl Ludwig railway line
Galician Railway of Archduke Charles Louis
The Galician Railway of Archduke Charles Louis was a railway system, named after Archduke Charles Louis of Austria...
connecting the railhead at Kraków
Kraków
Kraków also Krakow, or Cracow , is the second largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in the Lesser Poland region, the city dates back to the 7th century. Kraków has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Polish academic, cultural, and artistic life...
with Lwow
Lviv
Lviv is a city in western Ukraine. The city is regarded as one of the main cultural centres of today's Ukraine and historically has also been a major Polish and Jewish cultural center, as Poles and Jews were the two main ethnicities of the city until the outbreak of World War II and the following...
and Brody
Brody
Brody is a city in the Lviv Oblast of western Ukraine. It is the administrative center of the Brody Raion , and is located in the valley of the upper Styr River, approximately 90 kilometres northeast of the oblast capital, Lviv...
and linking Galicia with the rest of Europe.
Legacy
In 1869 the city of Stanislawow (Ivano-FrankivskIvano-Frankivsk
Ivano-Frankivsk is a historic city located in the western Ukraine. It is the administrative centre of the Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast , and is designated as its own separate raion within the oblast, municipality....
) named its street after him, ulica Sapiezinskego (today - Independence Street
Independence Street (Ivano-Frankivsk)
Independence Street is considered the central street of Ivano-Frankivsk. It runs from west to east and passes the original city's center 250-300 meters south from it...
), which carried its name until the start of World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
.
Descendant
Prince Leon Sapieha is :- Prince Władysław Leon SapiehaWładysław Leon SapiehaWładysław Leon Adam Feliks Sapieha was a Polish prince and magnate, member of the Sapieha family , landowner, social activist, deputy to the Diet of Galicia and Reichsrat....
-Kodenski 's grand-father - Prince Adam Zygmunt SapiehaAdam Zygmunt SapiehaPrince Adam Zygmunt Sapieha was a military aviator and cavalry's officer within Polish Army.He was son of Polish magnate Prince Władysław Leon Sapieha. He was nephew of Polish cardinal Prince Adam Stefan Sapieha. During the World War I he was one of the first aviators within the Austro-Hungarian...
-Kodenski's great-grand-father - Princess Zofia SapiehaZofia SapiehaCountess Sophia Komorowska , in Polish Zofia z książąt Sapiehów hrabina Komorowska was a Polish princess and grandmother of Belgian heir apparent's wife, Princess Mathilde, Duchess of Brabant.Princess Sophia Sapieha was a member of a Polish–Lithuanian princely family, the Sapieha...
-Kodenska's great-great-grand-father - hence, Princess Mathilde, Duchess of BrabantPrincess Mathilde, Duchess of BrabantPrincess Mathilde, Duchess of Brabant, DHS , is the wife of the heir apparent to the Belgian throne, Prince Philippe, Duke of Brabant...
's 6th generation ancestor