Heydour
Encyclopedia
Heydour is a hamlet and civil parish
in the South Kesteven
district of Lincolnshire
, England. It is 5 miles (8 km) south-west from Sleaford
and 6 miles (9.7 km) north-east from Grantham
. It is one in a close group of parish hamlets, the others being Kelby
, Culverthorpe
, Oasby
and Aisby.
The hamlet of Oasby has been classified as a conservation area and dwellings in Heydour parish have been listed by the local authority as "of interest". Parish hamlets cooperate in events and functions. There is an annual art exhibition, fete and scarecrow competition, and a group of Mummers
, musicians and Morris dancers
. An annual pantomime
is held in the village hall in Aisby, and the parish church holds a carol
concert on the Sunday before Christmas. The Houblon Arms at Oasby is the local public house
and restaurant. The nearest post office
with shop is in Wilsford
, 2 miles (3.2 km) north.
account as "Haidure" and "Heidure", with 80 acre (0.3237488 km²) of meadow and 16 acre (0.06474976 km²) of woodland within the manor of Osbournby
. Before the Norman Conquest
it was under the lordship of Aelfric, son of Godram, and after 1086 by Vitalis.
Around the village, particularly to the south, are earthwork indications of houses, crofts, quarries and ridge and furrow
field systems from an earlier Medieval village.
In 1885 the area of the township was 3140 acres (12.7 km²) with a population in 1881 of 363, and the parish, including Kelby and Culverthorpe, 5140 acres (20.8 km²) with a population of 447. There existed in Heydour, since the 14th century, freestone quarries that provided the first stones for Belton House
.
Kelly’s stated: "In a field west of the church are traces of a large mansion or castle, supposed to have been built in reign of Stephen
by one of the Bussey family, who were seated here until about 1609". The Busseys were major landowners of the area and a branch of the same family at Hougham
. When the son of John Bussey (ab.1533-1593), Sir Edmund Bussey (1562-1616), came in possession of what was then a manor house
it was in a dilapidated state requiring rebuilding, and its land reorganising.The castle or manor house was tightly socially and physically integrated with the manor
and settlement of Heydour and its parish, unlike other areas of Lincolnshire. The existence of the castle is indicated by remnants of masonry, foundations and ditch, and is a listed monument.
The village had its own school which was closed in 1983.
, is dedicated to St Michael
. The church originates from the 12th century with later additions up to the 19th. It consists of an Early English chancel
with lancet windows
and a 17th century north funerary
chapel
, nave
with Perpendicular clerestory
including six tracery
paneled windows. It has Decorated north and south aisles with evidence at the roof line of earlier aisles, four arcades
, south porch and a Decorated west tower
with pinnacles
, crenellations
, and a Perpendicular recessed spire. The church was probably the gift of Geoffrey de Saxe, prebendary
of Heydour from 1325 to 1380. The chancel holds a tomb to the founder, and a sedilia
. The post-1342 roof above the north aisle was built by donations from Lord Scrope of Masham
(1312-1391).
A chief feature of St Michael’s is ca. 1380 stained glass
in the north aisle. One window shows the figures of Edward the Confessor
, St George and St Edmund, erected through donations from deacon Geoffrey Scrope and Beatrice Luttrell, another St Vincent, St Laurence and St Stephen. A third window is 19th century and by William Wailes
. Pevsner notes windows from 1899 by Kempe
in the east, north and south chancel. Further features are a priest’s doorway with cinque-cusped head, octagonal font
, a chest from 1530 to 1550, an ornamental painting in the chancel, and chalice
and flagon by George Wickes from 1727.
There are internal church monuments to the Newton family of Culverthorpe
Hall, including Abigail Newton, died 1686. Others are to Sir John Newton, died 1734, and Margaret, Countess of Coningsby (Sir Michaels daughter-in-law), died 1761, both attributed to Rysbrack
, and Lady Newton, died 1737, and Sir Michael Newton, died 1746, both by Scheemakers
. There is also a marble slab to the last male Newton heir, died 14 Jan 1723, the infant son of Sir Michael Newton and Margaret, Countess of Coningsby, who was stolen from his cradle in the absence of his nurse by a pet monkey that was pursued to roof of Culverthorpe Hall where it dropped the child over a parapet; he was killed by the fall. The church bells commemorate with signatures Sir Edmund Bussey and his son Miles Bussey (born 1590 or 1592) and the arms of Sir Edmund and his wife Francis.
Civil parish
In England, a civil parish is a territorial designation and, where they are found, the lowest tier of local government below districts and counties...
in the South Kesteven
South Kesteven
South Kesteven is a local government district in Lincolnshire, England, forming part of the traditional Kesteven division of the county. It covers Grantham, Stamford, Bourne and Market Deeping.-History:...
district of Lincolnshire
Lincolnshire
Lincolnshire is a county in the east of England. It borders Norfolk to the south east, Cambridgeshire to the south, Rutland to the south west, Leicestershire and Nottinghamshire to the west, South Yorkshire to the north west, and the East Riding of Yorkshire to the north. It also borders...
, England. It is 5 miles (8 km) south-west from Sleaford
Sleaford
Sleaford is a town in the North Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It is located thirteen miles northeast of Grantham, seventeen miles west of Boston, and nineteen miles south of Lincoln, and had a total resident population of around 14,500 in 6,167 households at the time...
and 6 miles (9.7 km) north-east from Grantham
Grantham
Grantham is a market town within the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It bestrides the East Coast Main Line railway , the historic A1 main north-south road, and the River Witham. Grantham is located approximately south of the city of Lincoln, and approximately east of Nottingham...
. It is one in a close group of parish hamlets, the others being Kelby
Kelby
Kelby is a hamlet in the civil parish of Heydour, in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It lies south-west from Sleaford, north-east from Grantham and south-east from Ancaster. Kelby, with Heydour, Aisby, Oasby and Culverthorpe are the five hamlets within Heydour...
, Culverthorpe
Culverthorpe
Culverthorpe is a hamlet in the civil parish of Heydour, in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It lies south-west from Sleaford, north-east from Grantham and 3 miles south-east from Ancaster....
, Oasby
Oasby
Oasby is a hamlet in the civil parish of Heydour, South Kesteven, Lincolnshire, England. It lies north-east of Grantham.Oasby, Heydour, Aisby, Culverthorpe and Kelby are the five hamlets within Heydour parish....
and Aisby.
The hamlet of Oasby has been classified as a conservation area and dwellings in Heydour parish have been listed by the local authority as "of interest". Parish hamlets cooperate in events and functions. There is an annual art exhibition, fete and scarecrow competition, and a group of Mummers
Mummers Play
Mummers Plays are seasonal folk plays performed by troupes of actors known as mummers or guisers , originally from England , but later in other parts of the world...
, musicians and Morris dancers
Morris dance
Morris dance is a form of English folk dance usually accompanied by music. It is based on rhythmic stepping and the execution of choreographed figures by a group of dancers. Implements such as sticks, swords, handkerchiefs and bells may also be wielded by the dancers...
. An annual pantomime
Pantomime
Pantomime — not to be confused with a mime artist, a theatrical performer of mime—is a musical-comedy theatrical production traditionally found in the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Jamaica, South Africa, India, Ireland, Gibraltar and Malta, and is mostly performed during the...
is held in the village hall in Aisby, and the parish church holds a carol
Christmas carol
A Christmas carol is a carol whose lyrics are on the theme of Christmas or the winter season in general and which are traditionally sung in the period before Christmas.-History:...
concert on the Sunday before Christmas. The Houblon Arms at Oasby is the local public house
Public house
A public house, informally known as a pub, is a drinking establishment fundamental to the culture of Britain, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand. There are approximately 53,500 public houses in the United Kingdom. This number has been declining every year, so that nearly half of the smaller...
and restaurant. The nearest post office
Post office
A post office is a facility forming part of a postal system for the posting, receipt, sorting, handling, transmission or delivery of mail.Post offices offer mail-related services such as post office boxes, postage and packaging supplies...
with shop is in Wilsford
Wilsford, Lincolnshire
Wilsford is a hamlet and civil parish within the North Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England.-Geography:It is five miles west-southwest of Sleaford, and nine miles northeast of Grantham, and has a total resident population of 392.Located off Ermine Street, the parish of Ancaster...
, 2 miles (3.2 km) north.
History
Heydour is mentioned in the DomesdayDomesday Book
Domesday Book , now held at The National Archives, Kew, Richmond upon Thames in South West London, is the record of the great survey of much of England and parts of Wales completed in 1086...
account as "Haidure" and "Heidure", with 80 acre (0.3237488 km²) of meadow and 16 acre (0.06474976 km²) of woodland within the manor of Osbournby
Osbournby
Osbournby is a small village and civil parish in North Kesteven in the English county of Lincolnshire.-Geography:It is located five miles south of Sleaford on the A15 road near the A52 roundabout. Adjacent villages include Spanby, Aunsby and Threekingham. The village has a population of roughly...
. Before the Norman Conquest
Norman conquest of England
The Norman conquest of England began on 28 September 1066 with the invasion of England by William, Duke of Normandy. William became known as William the Conqueror after his victory at the Battle of Hastings on 14 October 1066, defeating King Harold II of England...
it was under the lordship of Aelfric, son of Godram, and after 1086 by Vitalis.
Around the village, particularly to the south, are earthwork indications of houses, crofts, quarries and ridge and furrow
Ridge and furrow
Ridge and furrow is an archaeological pattern of ridges and troughs created by a system of ploughing used in Europe during the Middle Ages. The earliest examples date to the immediate post-Roman period and the system was used until the 17th century in some areas. Ridge and furrow topography is...
field systems from an earlier Medieval village.
In 1885 the area of the township was 3140 acres (12.7 km²) with a population in 1881 of 363, and the parish, including Kelby and Culverthorpe, 5140 acres (20.8 km²) with a population of 447. There existed in Heydour, since the 14th century, freestone quarries that provided the first stones for Belton House
Belton House
Belton House is a Grade I listed country house in Belton near Grantham, Lincolnshire, England. The mansion is surrounded by formal gardens and a series of avenues leading to follies within a larger wooded park...
.
Kelly’s stated: "In a field west of the church are traces of a large mansion or castle, supposed to have been built in reign of Stephen
Stephen, King of England
Stephen , often referred to as Stephen of Blois , was a grandson of William the Conqueror. He was King of England from 1135 to his death, and also the Count of Boulogne by right of his wife. Stephen's reign was marked by the Anarchy, a civil war with his cousin and rival, the Empress Matilda...
by one of the Bussey family, who were seated here until about 1609". The Busseys were major landowners of the area and a branch of the same family at Hougham
Hougham, Lincolnshire
Hougham is a village and civil parish in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It once had its own Hougham railway station on the line between Grantham and Newark...
. When the son of John Bussey (ab.1533-1593), Sir Edmund Bussey (1562-1616), came in possession of what was then a manor house
Manor house
A manor house is a country house that historically formed the administrative centre of a manor, the lowest unit of territorial organisation in the feudal system in Europe. The term is applied to country houses that belonged to the gentry and other grand stately homes...
it was in a dilapidated state requiring rebuilding, and its land reorganising.The castle or manor house was tightly socially and physically integrated with the manor
Manor
-Land tenure:*Manor, an estate in land of the mediaeval era in England*Manorialism, a system of land tenure and organization of the rural economy and society in parts of medieval Europe based on the manor*Manor house, the principal house of a manor...
and settlement of Heydour and its parish, unlike other areas of Lincolnshire. The existence of the castle is indicated by remnants of masonry, foundations and ditch, and is a listed monument.
The village had its own school which was closed in 1983.
Church
Heydour Grade I listed Anglican parish churchParish church
A parish church , in Christianity, is the church which acts as the religious centre of a parish, the basic administrative unit of episcopal churches....
, is dedicated to St Michael
St Michael
St Michael was a brand that was owned and used by Marks & Spencer from 1928 until 2000.-History:The brand was introduced by Simon Marks in 1928, after his father and co-founder of Marks & Spencer, Michael Marks. By 1950, virtually all goods were sold under the St Michael brand...
. The church originates from the 12th century with later additions up to the 19th. It consists of an Early English chancel
Chancel
In church architecture, the chancel is the space around the altar in the sanctuary at the liturgical east end of a traditional Christian church building...
with lancet windows
Lancet window
A lancet window is a tall narrow window with a pointed arch at its top. It acquired the "lancet" name from its resemblance to a lance. Instances of this architectural motif are most often found in Gothic and ecclesiastical structures, where they are often placed singly or in pairs.The motif first...
and a 17th century north funerary
Christian burial
A Christian burial is the burial of a deceased person with specifically Christian ecclesiastical rites; typically, in consecrated ground. Until recent times Christians generally objected to cremation, and practised inhumation almost exclusively, but this opposition has weakened, and now vanished...
chapel
Proprietary Chapel
A proprietary chapel is a chapel that originally belonged to a private person. In the 19th century Britain they were common, often being built to cope with urbanisation. Frequently they were set up by evangelical philanthropists with a vision of spreading Christianity in cities whose needs could no...
, nave
Nave
In Romanesque and Gothic Christian abbey, cathedral basilica and church architecture, the nave is the central approach to the high altar, the main body of the church. "Nave" was probably suggested by the keel shape of its vaulting...
with Perpendicular clerestory
Clerestory
Clerestory is an architectural term that historically denoted an upper level of a Roman basilica or of the nave of a Romanesque or Gothic church, the walls of which rise above the rooflines of the lower aisles and are pierced with windows. In modern usage, clerestory refers to any high windows...
including six tracery
Tracery
In architecture, Tracery is the stonework elements that support the glass in a Gothic window. The term probably derives from the 'tracing floors' on which the complex patterns of late Gothic windows were laid out.-Plate tracery:...
paneled windows. It has Decorated north and south aisles with evidence at the roof line of earlier aisles, four arcades
Arcade (architecture)
An arcade is a succession of arches, each counterthrusting the next, supported by columns or piers or a covered walk enclosed by a line of such arches on one or both sides. In warmer or wet climates, exterior arcades provide shelter for pedestrians....
, south porch and a Decorated west tower
Steeple (architecture)
A steeple, in architecture, is a tall tower on a building, often topped by a spire. Steeples are very common on Christian churches and cathedrals and the use of the term generally connotes a religious structure...
with pinnacles
Pinnacle
A pinnacle is an architectural ornament originally forming the cap or crown of a buttress or small turret, but afterwards used on parapets at the corners of towers and in many other situations. The pinnacle looks like a small spire...
, crenellations
Battlement
A battlement in defensive architecture, such as that of city walls or castles, comprises a parapet , in which portions have been cut out at intervals to allow the discharge of arrows or other missiles. These cut-out portions form crenels...
, and a Perpendicular recessed spire. The church was probably the gift of Geoffrey de Saxe, prebendary
Prebendary
A prebendary is a post connected to an Anglican or Catholic cathedral or collegiate church and is a type of canon. Prebendaries have a role in the administration of the cathedral...
of Heydour from 1325 to 1380. The chancel holds a tomb to the founder, and a sedilia
Sedilia
Sedilia , in ecclesiastical architecture, is the term used to describe stone seats, usually to be found on the south side of an altar, often in the chancel, for the use of the officiating priests...
. The post-1342 roof above the north aisle was built by donations from Lord Scrope of Masham
Baron Scrope of Masham
The title Baron Scrope of Masham was created in the Peerage of England on 25 November 1350 as a barony by writ for Henry le Scrope, son of Geoffrey le Scrope and first cousin of Richard le Scrope, 1st Baron Scrope of Bolton. It was abolished by attainder in 1415 after the 3rd Baron was executed as...
(1312-1391).
A chief feature of St Michael’s is ca. 1380 stained glass
Stained glass
The term stained glass can refer to coloured glass as a material or to works produced from it. Throughout its thousand-year history, the term has been applied almost exclusively to the windows of churches and other significant buildings...
in the north aisle. One window shows the figures of Edward the Confessor
Edward the Confessor
Edward the Confessor also known as St. Edward the Confessor , son of Æthelred the Unready and Emma of Normandy, was one of the last Anglo-Saxon kings of England and is usually regarded as the last king of the House of Wessex, ruling from 1042 to 1066....
, St George and St Edmund, erected through donations from deacon Geoffrey Scrope and Beatrice Luttrell, another St Vincent, St Laurence and St Stephen. A third window is 19th century and by William Wailes
William Wailes
William Wailes, , was the proprietor of one of England’s largest and most prolific stained glass workshops.- Biographical :Wailes was born and grew up in Newcastle on Tyne, England’s centre of domestic glass and bottle manufacturing. His first business was as a grocer and tea merchant...
. Pevsner notes windows from 1899 by Kempe
Charles Eamer Kempe
Charles Eamer Kempe was a well-known Victorian stained glass designer. After attending Twyford School, he studied for the priesthood at Pembroke College, Oxford, but it became clear that his severe stammer would be an impediment to preaching...
in the east, north and south chancel. Further features are a priest’s doorway with cinque-cusped head, octagonal font
Baptismal font
A baptismal font is an article of church furniture or a fixture used for the baptism of children and adults.-Aspersion and affusion fonts:...
, a chest from 1530 to 1550, an ornamental painting in the chancel, and chalice
Chalice
A chalice is a goblet or footed cup intended to hold a drink. This can also refer to;* Holy Chalice, the vessel which Jesus used at the Last Supper to serve the wine* Chalice , a type of smoking pipe...
and flagon by George Wickes from 1727.
There are internal church monuments to the Newton family of Culverthorpe
Culverthorpe
Culverthorpe is a hamlet in the civil parish of Heydour, in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It lies south-west from Sleaford, north-east from Grantham and 3 miles south-east from Ancaster....
Hall, including Abigail Newton, died 1686. Others are to Sir John Newton, died 1734, and Margaret, Countess of Coningsby (Sir Michaels daughter-in-law), died 1761, both attributed to Rysbrack
John Michael Rysbrack
Johannes Michel or John Michael Rysbrack, original name Jan Michiel Rijsbrack , was an 18th-century Flemish sculptor. His birth-year is sometimes given as 1693 or 1684....
, and Lady Newton, died 1737, and Sir Michael Newton, died 1746, both by Scheemakers
Peter Scheemakers
Peter Scheemakers was a Flemish Roman Catholic sculptor who worked for most of his life in London, Great Britain....
. There is also a marble slab to the last male Newton heir, died 14 Jan 1723, the infant son of Sir Michael Newton and Margaret, Countess of Coningsby, who was stolen from his cradle in the absence of his nurse by a pet monkey that was pursued to roof of Culverthorpe Hall where it dropped the child over a parapet; he was killed by the fall. The church bells commemorate with signatures Sir Edmund Bussey and his son Miles Bussey (born 1590 or 1592) and the arms of Sir Edmund and his wife Francis.
Other parish listed buildings
- Houblon Arms, Main Street, Oasby – public house dating from the 17th century.
- Church Lees Farmhouse – ca. 1700 with 1800 additions, possible former rectory now farmhouse. A classical house with a nicheNicheNiche may refer to:*Niche , an exedra or an apse that has been reduced in size;*Niche , Colombian/Spanish football player, full name Víctor Manuel Micolta Armero*Niche , a British Thoroughbred racehorse...
above the front door in which is set a 14th century stone figure of a young musician with cymbalsCymbalCymbals are a common percussion instrument. Cymbals consist of thin, normally round plates of various alloys; see cymbal making for a discussion of their manufacture. The greater majority of cymbals are of indefinite pitch, although small disc-shaped cymbals based on ancient designs sound a...
said to be from the castle which stood west of the house. - Heydour House – ca. 1800 former rectory built in 1857 to the plans of William WhiteWilliam White (architect)William White, F.S.A. was an English architect, famous for his part in 19th century Gothic Revival architecture and church restorations...
and in 1885 attached to the chapelriesChapelryA chapelry was a subdivision of an ecclesiastical parish in England, and parts of Lowland Scotland up to the mid 19th century. It had a similar status to a township but was so named as it had a chapel which acted as a subsidiary place of worship to the main parish church...
of Kelby and Culverthorpe. - Heydour Priory, Main Street, Heydour – late 16th century house; an ancestral home of the DymokeDymokeDymoke is the name of an English family holding the office of king's champion. The functions of the champion were to ride into Westminster Hall at the coronation banquet, and challenge all comers to impugn the King's title . The earliest record of the ceremony at the coronation of an English king...
family. - Oasby Mill – tower millTower millA tower mill is a type of windmill which consists of a brick or stone tower, on top of which sits a roof or cap which can be turned to bring the sails into the wind....
built in 1810. - Oasby Manor House – 17th century house.
- Oasby House – 17th century house.
- Manor House Farmhouse – ca. 1700 farmhouse.
- Folly Cottage – 17th century cottage.
External links
- "Heydour", Genuki.org.uk. Retrieved 21 October 2011
- Heydour Parish Council website, Parishes.lincolnshire.gov.uk. Retrieved 21 October 2011