Grappling hold

Grappling Hold

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Grappling hold

A grappling hold (commonly referred to simply as a hold; in Japanese

Japanese language

IPA: [n?iho?go] is a language spoken by over 130 million people in Japan and in Japanese emigrant communities. It is related to the Ryukyuan languages....
referred to as katame-waza, , "grappling technique") is a grappling

Grappling

Grappling refers to the gripping, handling, and controlling of an opponent without the use of strike , typically through the application of various grappling holds, choke holds, and counters to various hold attempts....
, wrestling

Wrestling

Wrestling is part of the martial arts. A wrestling match consists of physical engagement between two people in which each wrestler strives to get an advantage over, or control of, the opponent....
, judo

Judo

, meaning "gentle way", is a modern Japanese martial art and combat sport, that originated in Japan in the late nineteenth century. Its most prominent feature is its competitive element, where the object is to either Throw one's opponent to the ground, immobilize or otherwise subdue one's opponent with a grappling manoeuvre, or force an opponent...
or other martial arts term for a specific grip that is applied to an opponent. Holds are principally used to control the opponent, and to advance in points or positioning

Grappling position

A grappling position refers the positioning and grappling hold of combatants engaged in grappling. Combatants are said to be in a neutral position if neither is in a more favorable position....
.

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Encyclopedia

A grappling hold (commonly referred to simply as a hold; in Japanese

Japanese language

Grappling

Wrestling

Judo

Grappling position

A grappling position refers the positioning and grappling hold of combatants engaged in grappling. Combatants are said to be in a neutral position if neither is in a more favorable position....
. Holds may be categorized by their function such as clinching, pinning, pain compliance or submission, while others can be classified by their anatomical effect: chokehold

Chokehold

A chokehold or stranglehold is a grappling hold that strangling the opponent, and leads to unconsciousness or even death. Chokeholds are practiced and used in martial arts, combat sports, self-defense, law-enforcement and in military hand to hand combat application....
, joint-lock or compression lock

Compression lock

A compression lock is a grappling hold which causes severe pain by pressing a muscle into a bone. A compression lock can cause a joint lock in a nearby joint when it is applied by squeezing a Limb over a fulcrum....
.

Clinch hold

A clinch hold (also known as a clinching hold) is a grappling hold which is used in clinch fighting

Clinch fighting

Clinch fighting is the part of stand-up fighting where the combatants are grappling in a grappling position#Stand-up grappling position, typically using grappling hold#Clinch hold....
with the purpose of controlling the opponent. In wrestling it is referred to as the Tie-up. The use of a clinch hold results in the clinch

Grappling position

A grappling position refers the positioning and grappling hold of combatants engaged in grappling. Combatants are said to be in a neutral position if neither is in a more favorable position....
. Clinch holds can be used to close in on the opponent, as a precursor to a takedown

Takedown (grappling)

A takedown is a martial arts and combat sports term for a technique that involves off-balancing an opponent and bringing him or her to the ground, typically with the combatant performing the takedown landing on top....
or throw

Throw (grappling)

A throw is a martial arts term for a grappling technique that involves off-balancing or lifting an opponent, and tossing them to the ground. It usually involves a rotating motion as opposed to a takedown )....
, or to prevent the opponent from moving away or striking

Strike (attack)

A strike is an attack with an inanimate object, such as a weapon, or with a part of the human body intended to cause an effect upon an opponent or to simply cause harm to an opponent....
effectively. Typical clinch holds include:

Bear hug
Bear hug

In wrestling, the bear hug is a grappling term for a grappling hold#Clinch hold and grappling position#Stand-up grappling position where the arms are wrapped around the opponent, either around the opponent's chest, midsection, or thighs; sometimes with one or both of the opponents arms pinned to the opponent's body....
Collar tie
Collar tie

Sorry, no overview for this topic
Overhook
Overhook

An overhook is a grappling hold#Clinch hold that is used to control the opponent. An overhook is performed from any direction by putting an arm over the opponent's arm, and encircling the opponents arm or upper body....
Pinch grip tie
Pinch grip tie

A pinch grip tie is a grappling hold#Clinch hold and grappling position#Stand-up grappling position that is an extension of the over-under position, but having both hands locked behind the opponents back....
Underhook
Underhook

An underhook is a grappling term for a grappling hold#Clinch hold that is used to control the opponent. It is performed from any direction by putting an arm under the opponents arm, and holding the opponents midsection or upper body....

Pain compliance hold

A pain compliance hold (also referred to as a pain compliance technique or sometimes a pain hold) is a grappling hold which uses painful joint lock

Joint lock

A joint lock is a grappling technique involving manipulation of an opponent's joints in such a way that the joints reach their maximal degree of motion....
, compression lock

Compression lock

Pressure point

A pressure point in the field of martial arts refers to area on the human body that may produce significant pain or other effects when manipulated in a specific manner....
technique to control a person or opponent. Pain compliance techniques are used by law enforcement, and often taught as a self-defense

Self-defense

Self-defense is the act of defending oneself, one's property or the well-being of another from physical harm. While the term may define any form of personal defense, it is strongly associated with civilian hand-to-hand defense techniques....
technique in martial arts and combatives

Combatives

Combatives is a United States Army synonym for hand-to-hand combat technique. It encompasses various hybrid martial arts that incorporate fighting techniques from conventional martial arts and combat sports....
.

Frequently used by police

Police

Police are agents or agencies, usually of the executive , empowered to enforce the law and to ensure public and social order through the legitimized use of force....
and corrections

Corrections

In the theory of criminal law, corrections refers to society's handling of persons after their conviction for a criminal offense. The components of the criminal justice that serve to punish criminal offenders involve the deprivation of life, liberty or property after due process of law ....
personnel in accordance with an "escalation of force

Use of force continuum

A use of force continuum is a standard that provides law enforcement officials & security guards with guidelines as to how much use of force may be used against a resisting subject in a given situation....
" policy, such techniques presume a rational adversary. Some altered states such as mental illness

Mental illness

A mental disorder or mental illness is a psychological or behavioral pattern that occurs in an individual and is thought to cause distress or disability that is not expected as part of normal development or culture....
, extreme flexibility

Flexibility

Flexibility may refer to:*Flexibility , the range of motion of an anatomical joint, which may be increased by stretching*Flexibility , in the field of engineering systems design, designs that can adapt when external changes occur...
, phencyclidine

Phencyclidine

Phencyclidine , also known as angel dust, is a dissociative drug formerly used as an anesthesia agent, exhibiting hallucinogenic and neurotoxic effects....
and amphetamine

Amphetamine

Amphetamine and related drugs such as methamphetamine are a group of drugs that act by increasing levels of norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine in the brain....
use, or extreme adrenaline may alter the subject's perception of pain or willingness to submit. Like other forms of non-lethal force

Non-lethal force

Less-lethal weapons, less-than-lethal weapons, non-lethal weapons, non-deadly weapons, or, more recently, compliance weapons are weapons intended to be unlikely to kill or to cause great bodily injury to a living target....
, such pain compliance strategies are not perfect and may be abused as a form of torture

Torture

Torture, according to the United Nations Convention Against Torture, is:In addition to state-sponsored torture, individuals or groups may be motivated to inflict torture on others for similar reasons to those of a state; however, the motive for torture can also be for the sadism gratification of the torturer, as was the case in the Moors M...
, with plausible deniability

Plausible Denial

Plausible Denial is the title of a book by American lawyer, Mark Lane that chronicles his legal defense of Victor Marchetti, a former-CIA agent who chose to publicly disclose CIA information about the JFK assassination and was sued for defamation by E....
. For this reason the use of pain compliance holds is often subject to explicit rules of engagement

Rules of engagement

In military or police operations, the rules of engagement determine when, where, and how force shall be used . Such rules are both general and specific, and there have been large variations between cultures throughout history....
designed to prevent abuse and avoid conflict escalation

Conflict escalation

Conflict escalation describes the escalation of a conflict to a more destructive, confrontational, painful, or otherwise "less comfortable" level; in particular, it is concerned with how persons or forces can be controlled or subdued in conflict....
.

Pinning hold

A pinning hold (also known as a hold down and in Japanese

Japanese language

IPA: [n?iho?go] is a language spoken by over 130 million people in Japan and in Japanese emigrant communities. It is related to the Ryukyuan languages....
as osaekomi-waza, ???, "pinning technique") is a general grappling hold used in ground fighting

Ground fighting

Ground fighting is Hand to hand combat which takes place while the combatants are on the ground, generally involving a degree of grappling. The term is commonly used in martial arts and combat sports to designate the set of techniques employed by a combatant that is on the ground, as opposed to techniques employed in stand-up fighting....
which is aimed at exerting superior control over an opponent and pinning the opponent to the ground. Pinning holds where both the opponent's shoulders touch the ground are considered winning conditions in several combat sport

Combat sport

A combat sport is a competitive contact sport where two combatants fight against each other using certain rules of engagement, typically with the aim of simulating parts of real hand to hand combat....
s.

An effective pinning hold is a winning condition in many styles of wrestling

Wrestling

Pin (wrestling)

A pinfall, a pin, or a fall is a victory condition in various forms of professional wrestling that is met by holding an opponent's shoulders on the wrestling mat for a prescribed period of time....
". Pinning holds maintained for 25 seconds are also a winning condition in Judo

Judo

, meaning "gentle way", is a modern Japanese martial art and combat sport, that originated in Japan in the late nineteenth century. Its most prominent feature is its competitive element, where the object is to either Throw one's opponent to the ground, immobilize or otherwise subdue one's opponent with a grappling manoeuvre, or force an opponent...
. Pinning holds are also used in submission wrestling

Submission wrestling

Submission wrestling is a formula of competition and a general term describing the aspect of martial arts and combat sports that focus on clinch fighting and ground fighting with the aim of obtaining a submission using grappling hold#Submission hold....
and mixed martial arts, even though the pinning hold itself is not a winning condition. The holds can be used to rest while the opponent tries to escape or to control the opponent while striking

Strike (attack)

Mixed martial arts

Mixed martial arts is a Contact sport combat sport that allows a wide variety of fighting techniques, from a mixture of martial arts traditions and non-traditions, to be used in competitions....
.

Submission hold

A submission hold (colloquially referred to as a "submission") is a combat sport

Combat sport

A combat sport is a competitive contact sport where two combatants fight against each other using certain rules of engagement, typically with the aim of simulating parts of real hand to hand combat....
s term for a grappling hold which is applied with the purpose of forcing an opponent to submit

Submission (combat sport term)

A submission is a combat sports term for yielding to the opponent, and hence resulting in an immediate defeat. The submission is commonly performed by clearly tapping the floor or the opponent with the hand or sometimes with the foot, to signal the opponent and possibly the referee of the submission....
, either due to extreme pain or fear of injury. Submission holds are used primarily in ground fighting

Ground fighting

Chokehold

Compression lock

Joint lock

A joint lock is a grappling technique involving manipulation of an opponent's joints in such a way that the joints reach their maximal degree of motion....
s. When used as a form of self-defense

Self-defense

Dislocation (medicine)

Joint dislocation, or luxation , occurs when bones in a joint become displaced or misaligned. It is often caused by a sudden impact to the joint....
, torn ligaments, bone fracture

Bone fracture

A bone fracture is a medical condition in which a bone is cracked or broken. It is a break in the continuity of the bone. While many fractures are the result of high force impact force or Stress fracture, bone fracture can also occur as a result of certain medical conditions that weaken the bones, such as osteoporosis, certain types of cance...
s, unconsciousness

Unconsciousness

Unconsciousness, more appropriately referred to as loss of consciousness or lack of consciousness, is a dramatic alteration of mental state that involves complete or near-complete lack of responsiveness to people and other environmental stimuli....
or even death

Death

Death is the permanent termination of the biological functions that define a life organism. It refers to both a particular event and to the condition that results thereby....
.

Common combat sports featuring submission holds are:

Luta Livre Esportiva
Luta Livre Esportiva

Luta Livre Esportiva was created in the mid 20th Century in Rio de Janeiro by Euclydes Hatem who, fought George Gracie in the 40s. "Ground fight" was always their priority because of the submissions and its importance in Vale Tudo matches....
Catch wrestling
Catch wrestling

Catch wrestling is a style of wrestling. Catch wrestling is arguably the ancestor of modern grappling, professional wrestling, mixed martial arts and no-holds-barred competition....
Luta Livre Vale Tudo
Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu
Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu is a martial art and combat sport that focuses on grappling and especially ground fighting. It is a derivative of early 20th century Kodokan Judo, which was itself then a recently-developed system , based on multiple schools of Japanese jujutsu....
Judo
Judo

, meaning "gentle way", is a modern Japanese martial art and combat sport, that originated in Japan in the late nineteenth century. Its most prominent feature is its competitive element, where the object is to either Throw one's opponent to the ground, immobilize or otherwise subdue one's opponent with a grappling manoeuvre, or force an opponent...
Mixed martial arts
Mixed martial arts

Mixed martial arts is a Contact sport combat sport that allows a wide variety of fighting techniques, from a mixture of martial arts traditions and non-traditions, to be used in competitions....
Sambo
Sambo (martial art)

Sambo is a modern martial art, combat sport and self-defense system developed in the Soviet Union and recognized as an official sport by the USSR All-Union Sports Committee in 1938, presented by Anatoly Kharlampiev....
Shoot wrestling
Shoot wrestling

Shoot wrestling is a combat sport and a general term that describes a range of hybrid fighting systems originating in Japan in the late 1970s, in close association with Japanese professional wrestling....
Professional wrestling
Professional wrestling

Professional wrestling, or pro wrestling, is a non-competitive professional sport, where matches are prearranged by the Professional wrestling promotion List of professional wrestling terms#B, and is also considered an athletic performing art, containing strong elements of catch wrestling, mock combat and theatre....

Partial list of grappling holds

The same hold may be called by different names in different arts or countries. Some of the more common names for grappling holds in contemporary English include:

Achilles lock
Compression lock

A compression lock is a grappling hold which causes severe pain by pressing a muscle into a bone. A compression lock can cause a joint lock in a nearby joint when it is applied by squeezing a Limb over a fulcrum....
: A compression lock
Compression lock

A compression lock is a grappling hold which causes severe pain by pressing a muscle into a bone. A compression lock can cause a joint lock in a nearby joint when it is applied by squeezing a Limb over a fulcrum....
on the achilles tendon
Achilles tendon

The Achilles tendon , also known as the calcaneal tendon or the tendo calcaneus, is a tendon of the posterior leg. It serves to attach the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles to the calcaneus bone....
.
Americana
Armlock

In grappling, an armlock is a single or double joint lock that hyperextends, hyperflexes or hyperrotates the elbow and/or glenohumeral joint. An armlock that hyperflexes or hyperrotates the shoulder joint is referred to as a shoulder lock, and an armlock that hyperextends the elbow joint is called an armbar....
: BJJ term for a lateral
Lateral

Lateral may prefer a :*Lateral, an anatomical direction - see Human anatomical terms#Anatomical directions*Lateral pass, type of pass in American and Canadian football...
keylock
Armlock

In grappling, an armlock is a single or double joint lock that hyperextends, hyperflexes or hyperrotates the elbow and/or glenohumeral joint. An armlock that hyperflexes or hyperrotates the shoulder joint is referred to as a shoulder lock, and an armlock that hyperextends the elbow joint is called an armbar....
.
Anaconda choke
Arm triangle choke

Arm triangle choke is a generic term describing blood chokeholds in which the opponent is strangled in between his or her own shoulder and the performers arm....
: A type of arm triangle choke
Arm triangle choke

Arm triangle choke is a generic term describing blood chokeholds in which the opponent is strangled in between his or her own shoulder and the performers arm....
.
Ankle lock
Leglock

A leglock is a joint lock that is directed at joints of the human leg such as the ankle, knee or hip joint. A leglock which are directed at joints in the foot is sometimes referred to as a foot lock and a lock at the hip as a hip lock....
: A leglock
Leglock

A leglock is a joint lock that is directed at joints of the human leg such as the ankle, knee or hip joint. A leglock which are directed at joints in the foot is sometimes referred to as a foot lock and a lock at the hip as a hip lock....
which hyperextends the ankle
Ankle

In human anatomy, the ankle joint is formed where the foot and the human leg meet. The ankle, or talocrural joint, is a synovial hinge joint that connects the distal ends of the tibia and fibula in the lower limb with the proximal end of the talus bone in the foot....
.
Armbar
Armlock

In grappling, an armlock is a single or double joint lock that hyperextends, hyperflexes or hyperrotates the elbow and/or glenohumeral joint. An armlock that hyperflexes or hyperrotates the shoulder joint is referred to as a shoulder lock, and an armlock that hyperextends the elbow joint is called an armbar....
: An armlock
Armlock

In grappling, an armlock is a single or double joint lock that hyperextends, hyperflexes or hyperrotates the elbow and/or glenohumeral joint. An armlock that hyperflexes or hyperrotates the shoulder joint is referred to as a shoulder lock, and an armlock that hyperextends the elbow joint is called an armbar....
which hyperextends the elbow.

Armlock
Armlock

In grappling, an armlock is a single or double joint lock that hyperextends, hyperflexes or hyperrotates the elbow and/or glenohumeral joint. An armlock that hyperflexes or hyperrotates the shoulder joint is referred to as a shoulder lock, and an armlock that hyperextends the elbow joint is called an armbar....
: A general term for joint lock
Joint lock

A joint lock is a grappling technique involving manipulation of an opponent's joints in such a way that the joints reach their maximal degree of motion....
s at the elbow or shoulder
Shoulder

In human anatomy, the shoulder joint comprises the part of the body where the humerus attaches to the scapula. The shoulder refers to the group of structures in the region of the joint....
.
Arm triangle choke
Arm triangle choke

Arm triangle choke is a generic term describing blood chokeholds in which the opponent is strangled in between his or her own shoulder and the performers arm....
: A chokehold
Chokehold

A chokehold or stranglehold is a grappling hold that strangling the opponent, and leads to unconsciousness or even death. Chokeholds are practiced and used in martial arts, combat sports, self-defense, law-enforcement and in military hand to hand combat application....
similar to the triangle choke
Triangle choke

A triangle choke is a type of figure-four chokehold which strangling the opponent by encircling the opponent's neck and one arm with the legs in a configuration similar to the shape of a triangle....
except using the arms.
Bear hug
Bear hug

In wrestling, the bear hug is a grappling term for a grappling hold#Clinch hold and grappling position#Stand-up grappling position where the arms are wrapped around the opponent, either around the opponent's chest, midsection, or thighs; sometimes with one or both of the opponents arms pinned to the opponent's body....
: A clinching hold encircling the opponent's torso with both arms, pulling toward oneself.
Biceps slicer
Compression lock

A compression lock is a grappling hold which causes severe pain by pressing a muscle into a bone. A compression lock can cause a joint lock in a nearby joint when it is applied by squeezing a Limb over a fulcrum....
: A compression lock
Compression lock

A compression lock is a grappling hold which causes severe pain by pressing a muscle into a bone. A compression lock can cause a joint lock in a nearby joint when it is applied by squeezing a Limb over a fulcrum....
on the elbow
Elbow

The elbow is the region surrounding the elbow-joint—the ginglymus or hinge joint in the middle of the arm. Three bones form the elbow joint: the humerus of the upper arm, and the paired radius and ulna of the forearm....
joint and biceps
Biceps

Biceps may refer to:* The two-headed Biceps brachii muscle on the inside of each upper arm.* The biceps femoris, one of the hamstring muscles of the underside of each thigh....
.

Can opener
Spinal lock

A spinal lock is a multiple joint lock applied to the spinal column, which is performed by forcing the spine beyond its normal ranges of motion....
: A type of neck crank
Spinal lock

A spinal lock is a multiple joint lock applied to the spinal column, which is performed by forcing the spine beyond its normal ranges of motion....
.
Chicken wing
Armlock

In grappling, an armlock is a single or double joint lock that hyperextends, hyperflexes or hyperrotates the elbow and/or glenohumeral joint. An armlock that hyperflexes or hyperrotates the shoulder joint is referred to as a shoulder lock, and an armlock that hyperextends the elbow joint is called an armbar....
: Term for various hammer
Armlock

In grappling, an armlock is a single or double joint lock that hyperextends, hyperflexes or hyperrotates the elbow and/or glenohumeral joint. An armlock that hyperflexes or hyperrotates the shoulder joint is referred to as a shoulder lock, and an armlock that hyperextends the elbow joint is called an armbar....
/keylocks
Armlock

In grappling, an armlock is a single or double joint lock that hyperextends, hyperflexes or hyperrotates the elbow and/or glenohumeral joint. An armlock that hyperflexes or hyperrotates the shoulder joint is referred to as a shoulder lock, and an armlock that hyperextends the elbow joint is called an armbar....
, especially among Shoot wrestling
Shoot wrestling

Shoot wrestling is a combat sport and a general term that describes a range of hybrid fighting systems originating in Japan in the late 1970s, in close association with Japanese professional wrestling....
and Jeet Kune Do
Jeet Kune Do

Jeet Kune Do , also Jeet Kun Do or JKD, is a martial arts system and philosophy developed by martial artist and actor Bruce Lee.In 2004, the Bruce Lee Foundation decided to use the name Jun Fan Jeet Kune Do to refer to the martial arts system that Lee founded....
practitioners.
Chin lock An arm hold on the chin that hurts the chin
Collar tie
Collar tie

Sorry, no overview for this topic
: facing the opponent with one or both hands on the back of their head/neck.
Cradle: Compress opponent in a sit-up
Sit-up (exercise)

The sit-up is a strength training exercise commonly performed with the aim of strengthening the Human abdomen and hip flexors. This begins with lying with the back on the floor, typically with the knees bent in an attempt to reduce stress on the back muscles and spine, and then elevating both the upper and lower vertebral column from the floo...
position to pin shoulders from side mount.

Crosschoke: Athlete crosses own arms in "X" shape and holds onto opponent's gi
Keikogi

or dogi is a uniform for training, used in martial arts derived from Japan, or budo. . In English language, the term keikogi is sometimes referred to simply as the gi, which would be an incorrect use of the word in Japanese....
or clothing.
Crucifix
Spinal lock

A spinal lock is a multiple joint lock applied to the spinal column, which is performed by forcing the spine beyond its normal ranges of motion....
: A type of neck crank
Spinal lock

A spinal lock is a multiple joint lock applied to the spinal column, which is performed by forcing the spine beyond its normal ranges of motion....
.
Ezequiel: Reverse of the rear naked choke, using the inside of the sleeves for grip.
Figure four: Term for arranging one's own arm or legs to resemble shape of numeral "4" when holding opponent.
Flying armbar
Armlock

In grappling, an armlock is a single or double joint lock that hyperextends, hyperflexes or hyperrotates the elbow and/or glenohumeral joint. An armlock that hyperflexes or hyperrotates the shoulder joint is referred to as a shoulder lock, and an armlock that hyperextends the elbow joint is called an armbar....
: A type of armbar that is performed from a stand-up position.
Gearlock: a modified sleeper hold that puts an incredible amount of force on the opponents windpipe, choking them out almost instantly if applied properly.
Gogo-plata: Performed by putting ones shin on the wind pipe of an opponent and pulling the head down. Typically set up from the rubber guard.
Grapevine: twisting limbs around limbs in a manner similar to a plant vine
Vine

A vine is any plant of genus Grape or, by extension, any similar climbing or trailing plant. The word, derived from Latin vinea, referred to the grape-bearing variety....
.
Guillotine choke
Guillotine choke

The guillotine choke is a chokehold in martial arts applied from in front of the opponent. The choke involves using the arms to encircle the opponent's neck in a fashion similar to a guillotine....
: a facing headlock or choke
Guillotine choke

The guillotine choke is a chokehold in martial arts applied from in front of the opponent. The choke involves using the arms to encircle the opponent's neck in a fashion similar to a guillotine....
, usually applied to an opponent from above.

Hammerlock
Armlock

In grappling, an armlock is a single or double joint lock that hyperextends, hyperflexes or hyperrotates the elbow and/or glenohumeral joint. An armlock that hyperflexes or hyperrotates the shoulder joint is referred to as a shoulder lock, and an armlock that hyperextends the elbow joint is called an armbar....
: Pins the opponent's arm behind the back, with wrist toward their own shoulder.
Harness: A hold which encircles the torso of an opponent, sometimes diagonally.
Headlock: Circling the opponent's head with an arm, especially from the side. Also called a rear Chancellery.

Heel hook
Leglock

A leglock is a joint lock that is directed at joints of the human leg such as the ankle, knee or hip joint. A leglock which are directed at joints in the foot is sometimes referred to as a foot lock and a lock at the hip as a hip lock....
: A leglock
Leglock

A leglock is a joint lock that is directed at joints of the human leg such as the ankle, knee or hip joint. A leglock which are directed at joints in the foot is sometimes referred to as a foot lock and a lock at the hip as a hip lock....
which rotates the ankle
Ankle

In human anatomy, the ankle joint is formed where the foot and the human leg meet. The ankle, or talocrural joint, is a synovial hinge joint that connects the distal ends of the tibia and fibula in the lower limb with the proximal end of the talus bone in the foot....
.
Hooks: Wrapping the arm or leg around an opponent's limb(s) for greater control.
Juji-Gatame
Armlock

In grappling, an armlock is a single or double joint lock that hyperextends, hyperflexes or hyperrotates the elbow and/or glenohumeral joint. An armlock that hyperflexes or hyperrotates the shoulder joint is referred to as a shoulder lock, and an armlock that hyperextends the elbow joint is called an armbar....
: A type of armbar where the arm is held in between the legs.
Keylock
Armlock

In grappling, an armlock is a single or double joint lock that hyperextends, hyperflexes or hyperrotates the elbow and/or glenohumeral joint. An armlock that hyperflexes or hyperrotates the shoulder joint is referred to as a shoulder lock, and an armlock that hyperextends the elbow joint is called an armbar....
: A shoulderlock
Armlock

In grappling, an armlock is a single or double joint lock that hyperextends, hyperflexes or hyperrotates the elbow and/or glenohumeral joint. An armlock that hyperflexes or hyperrotates the shoulder joint is referred to as a shoulder lock, and an armlock that hyperextends the elbow joint is called an armbar....
where the arm is turned like a key
Key (lock)

A key is a device which is used to open a Lock . A typical key consist of two parts: the blade, which slides into the keyway of the lock and distinguishes between different keys, and the bow, which is left protruding so that torque can be applied by the user....
.

Kimura
Armlock

In grappling, an armlock is a single or double joint lock that hyperextends, hyperflexes or hyperrotates the elbow and/or glenohumeral joint. An armlock that hyperflexes or hyperrotates the shoulder joint is referred to as a shoulder lock, and an armlock that hyperextends the elbow joint is called an armbar....
: BJJ term for a medial
Medial

In abstract algebra, a medial Magma_ is a set with a binary operation which satisfies the identity , or more simply, using the convention that juxtaposition has higher precedence....
keylock
Armlock

In grappling, an armlock is a single or double joint lock that hyperextends, hyperflexes or hyperrotates the elbow and/or glenohumeral joint. An armlock that hyperflexes or hyperrotates the shoulder joint is referred to as a shoulder lock, and an armlock that hyperextends the elbow joint is called an armbar....
.
Kneebar
Leglock

A leglock is a joint lock that is directed at joints of the human leg such as the ankle, knee or hip joint. A leglock which are directed at joints in the foot is sometimes referred to as a foot lock and a lock at the hip as a hip lock....
: A leglock
Leglock

A leglock is a joint lock that is directed at joints of the human leg such as the ankle, knee or hip joint. A leglock which are directed at joints in the foot is sometimes referred to as a foot lock and a lock at the hip as a hip lock....
which hyperextends the knee
Knee

----The knee is the lower extremity joint connecting the femur, patella, and the tibia and the surrounding anatomical region which includes the popliteal fossa, also known as "knee pit"....
.
Leglock
Leglock

A leglock is a joint lock that is directed at joints of the human leg such as the ankle, knee or hip joint. A leglock which are directed at joints in the foot is sometimes referred to as a foot lock and a lock at the hip as a hip lock....
: A general term for joint lock
Joint lock

A joint lock is a grappling technique involving manipulation of an opponent's joints in such a way that the joints reach their maximal degree of motion....
s at the hip, knee
Knee

----The knee is the lower extremity joint connecting the femur, patella, and the tibia and the surrounding anatomical region which includes the popliteal fossa, also known as "knee pit"....
or ankle
Ankle

In human anatomy, the ankle joint is formed where the foot and the human leg meet. The ankle, or talocrural joint, is a synovial hinge joint that connects the distal ends of the tibia and fibula in the lower limb with the proximal end of the talus bone in the foot....
.

Leg scissors
Asphyxia

Asphyxia is a condition of severely deficient supply of oxygen to the body that arises from being unable to breathe normally. An example of asphyxia is choking....
: Causes compressive asphyxia
Asphyxia

Asphyxia is a condition of severely deficient supply of oxygen to the body that arises from being unable to breathe normally. An example of asphyxia is choking....
by pressing the chest
Chest

The chest is a part of the anatomy of humans and various other animals sometimes referred to as the thorax....
or abdomen
Abdomen

In vertebrates such as mammals the abdomen constitutes the part of the body between the thorax and pelvis. The region enclosed by the abdomen is termed the abdominal cavity....
.
Leg slicer
Compression lock

A compression lock is a grappling hold which causes severe pain by pressing a muscle into a bone. A compression lock can cause a joint lock in a nearby joint when it is applied by squeezing a Limb over a fulcrum....
: A compression lock
Compression lock

A compression lock is a grappling hold which causes severe pain by pressing a muscle into a bone. A compression lock can cause a joint lock in a nearby joint when it is applied by squeezing a Limb over a fulcrum....
on the calf
Calf

File:New Forest calf.jpgA calf is the young of various species of mammal. The term is most commonly used to refer to the young of cattle. The young of bison, camels, dolphins, elephants, giraffes, hippopotamuses, moose, rhinoceroses, whales, seals and yaks are also called calves....
and thigh
Thigh

In human anatomy the thigh is the area between the pelvis and the knee. Anatomically, it is part of the Human leg.The single bone in the thigh is called the femur....
.
Locoplata: A variation of the Gogo-plata that uses the other foot to push the shin into the windpipe and uses the arm to wrap around the back of the head to grab the foot to secure the choke.
Lock: Any stabilization of one or more joint
Joint

A joint is the location at which two or more bones make contact. They are constructed to allow movement and provide mechanical support, and are classified structurally and functionally....
s at their normal extreme range of motion.
Muay Thai clinch
Collar tie

Sorry, no overview for this topic
: Holding the opponent with both arms around the neck while standing.

Neck crank
Spinal lock

A spinal lock is a multiple joint lock applied to the spinal column, which is performed by forcing the spine beyond its normal ranges of motion....
: Applies pressure to the neck
Neck

The neck is the part of the body on many limbed vertebrates that distinguishes the head from the torso or trunk. The scientific term signifying "of the neck" is nuchal....
by pulling or twisting the head.
Neck Lock :Similar to a head lock however the arm constricts the flow of oxygen through a tighterning of the neck with an arm
Nelson
Nelson hold

A nelson hold is a grappling hold which is executed from the backside of the opponent. One or both arms are used to encircle the opponent's arm under the armpit, and secured at the opponent's neck....
: (quarter, half, three-quarter and full): The arm is circled under the opponent's arm, and secured at the neck.
Omoplata
Armlock

In grappling, an armlock is a single or double joint lock that hyperextends, hyperflexes or hyperrotates the elbow and/or glenohumeral joint. An armlock that hyperflexes or hyperrotates the shoulder joint is referred to as a shoulder lock, and an armlock that hyperextends the elbow joint is called an armbar....
: BJJ term for a shoulder lock
Armlock

In grappling, an armlock is a single or double joint lock that hyperextends, hyperflexes or hyperrotates the elbow and/or glenohumeral joint. An armlock that hyperflexes or hyperrotates the shoulder joint is referred to as a shoulder lock, and an armlock that hyperextends the elbow joint is called an armbar....
using the legs.
Overhook
Overhook

An overhook is a grappling hold#Clinch hold that is used to control the opponent. An overhook is performed from any direction by putting an arm over the opponent's arm, and encircling the opponents arm or upper body....
: Holding over the opponents arm while standing.
Pinch grip tie
Pinch grip tie

A pinch grip tie is a grappling hold#Clinch hold and grappling position#Stand-up grappling position that is an extension of the over-under position, but having both hands locked behind the opponents back....
: Term for a particular harness hold, common in Greco-Roman wrestling
Greco-Roman wrestling

Greco-Roman wrestling is a style of amateur wrestling that is practiced throughout the world. Along with freestyle wrestling, it is one of the two styles of wrestling contested in the Olympic games....
circles.

Rear naked choke
Rear naked choke

The rear naked choke is a chokehold in martial arts applied from an opponent's back. Depending on the context, the term may refer to one of two variations of the technique, either arm can be used to apply the choke in both cases....
: A chokehold
Chokehold

A chokehold or stranglehold is a grappling hold that strangling the opponent, and leads to unconsciousness or even death. Chokeholds are practiced and used in martial arts, combat sports, self-defense, law-enforcement and in military hand to hand combat application....
from the rear.
Scissor: places the opponent between the athlete's legs (like paper to be cut by scissors
Scissors

Scissors are hand operated cutting instruments, and for people without hands, there is also the option of using a specially designed foot operated style....
).
Small joint manipulation
Small joint manipulation

In grappling, small joint manipulation refers to twisting, pulling or bending fingers or toes to cause joint locks in the various joints in those appendages....
: Joint lock
Joint lock

A joint lock is a grappling technique involving manipulation of an opponent's joints in such a way that the joints reach their maximal degree of motion....
s on the fingers or toes.

Spine crank
Spinal lock

A spinal lock is a multiple joint lock applied to the spinal column, which is performed by forcing the spine beyond its normal ranges of motion....
: Applies pressure to the spine by twisting or bending the body.
Stack: Compress opponent in vertical sit-up
Sit-up (exercise)

The sit-up is a strength training exercise commonly performed with the aim of strengthening the Human abdomen and hip flexors. This begins with lying with the back on the floor, typically with the knees bent in an attempt to reduce stress on the back muscles and spine, and then elevating both the upper and lower vertebral column from the floo...
position (feet up) to pin their shoulders to mat.
Staple: Using the opponent's clothing to help pin them against a surface.
Tie: A transitional hold
Transition (grappling)

A transition in grappling is a move from one grappling hold or grappling position to another. The process is called transitioning and is one of the most important aspects of grappling#ground grappling, as it allows the combatant performing the transition to advance in grappling position, for instance by using a sweep , or to attempt gra...
used to stabilize the opponent in preparation for striking
Strike (attack)

A strike is an attack with an inanimate object, such as a weapon, or with a part of the human body intended to cause an effect upon an opponent or to simply cause harm to an opponent....
or throwing
Throw (grappling)

A throw is a martial arts term for a grappling technique that involves off-balancing or lifting an opponent, and tossing them to the ground. It usually involves a rotating motion as opposed to a takedown )....
.

Toe hold
Leglock

A leglock is a joint lock that is directed at joints of the human leg such as the ankle, knee or hip joint. A leglock which are directed at joints in the foot is sometimes referred to as a foot lock and a lock at the hip as a hip lock....
: A type of leglock
Leglock

A leglock is a joint lock that is directed at joints of the human leg such as the ankle, knee or hip joint. A leglock which are directed at joints in the foot is sometimes referred to as a foot lock and a lock at the hip as a hip lock....
which hyperextends the ankle
Ankle

In human anatomy, the ankle joint is formed where the foot and the human leg meet. The ankle, or talocrural joint, is a synovial hinge joint that connects the distal ends of the tibia and fibula in the lower limb with the proximal end of the talus bone in the foot....
.
Triangle choke
Triangle choke

A triangle choke is a type of figure-four chokehold which strangling the opponent by encircling the opponent's neck and one arm with the legs in a configuration similar to the shape of a triangle....
: A chokehold
Chokehold

A chokehold or stranglehold is a grappling hold that strangling the opponent, and leads to unconsciousness or even death. Chokeholds are practiced and used in martial arts, combat sports, self-defense, law-enforcement and in military hand to hand combat application....
which forms a triangle around the opponent's head using the legs.
Twister
Spinal lock

A spinal lock is a multiple joint lock applied to the spinal column, which is performed by forcing the spine beyond its normal ranges of motion....
: A type of body bend and neck crank
Spinal lock

A spinal lock is a multiple joint lock applied to the spinal column, which is performed by forcing the spine beyond its normal ranges of motion....
.
Underhook
Underhook

An underhook is a grappling term for a grappling hold#Clinch hold that is used to control the opponent. It is performed from any direction by putting an arm under the opponents arm, and holding the opponents midsection or upper body....
: Holding under the opponent's arm while standing.
Wristlock
Wristlock

A wristlock is a joint lock primarily affecting the wrist-joint and possibly the radioulnar joints through rotation of the hand. A wristlock is typically applied by grabbing the opponent's hand, and bending and/or twisting it....
: A general term for joint lock
Joint lock

A joint lock is a grappling technique involving manipulation of an opponent's joints in such a way that the joints reach their maximal degree of motion....
s on the wrist
Wrist

In human anatomy, the wrist is the flexible and narrower connection between the forearm and the hand. The wrist is essentially a double row of small short bones, called carpals, intertwined to form a malleable hinge....
or radioulnar joint.Wristlocks form the trademark offense of Aikido
Aikido

is a Japanese martial art developed by Morihei Ueshiba as a synthesis of his martial studies, philosophy, and religious beliefs. Aikido is often translated as "the Way of unifying Qi" or as "the Way of harmonious spirit." Ueshiba's goal was to create an art that practitioners could use to defend themselves while also protecting their attacker fro...
, and are used in combination with Keylocks in catch wrestling
Catch wrestling

Catch wrestling is a style of wrestling. Catch wrestling is arguably the ancestor of modern grappling, professional wrestling, mixed martial arts and no-holds-barred competition....
.

External links

Includes pictures of common Muay Thai clinching holds.
, a scan of the 1912 correspondence course from Martin 'Farmer' Burns.
Grappling holds and submissions used in MMA. Each submission links to videos and step by step instruction.
- Tournaments, champions, Olympics etc.
A search engine covering all things exclusive to MMA.

Grappling hold

Clinch hold

Pain compliance hold

Pinning hold

Submission hold

Partial list of grappling holds

See also

External links