Girolamo Graziani
Encyclopedia
Girolamo Graziani was an Italian poet
.
Girolamo Graziani has been one of the most famous poet of 17th century. But his fame didn't survive him. During his life he was appreciated mainly for his epic poems La Cleopatra (1632) and il Conquisto di Granata (1650).
The latter has been the source for Giacomo Leopardi
's Consalvo (1833). Actually the plot (Love in the imminence oh death) and the names of the main characters (Consalvo and Elvira) of Leopardi's Consalvo seem to come from Graziani's poem.
, near Urbino
, but he spent most of his life in Modena
.
His father was a law attendant in the Sacra Rota Romana
. He took degree in Arts and Laws in Bologna
's University.
Graziani spent most of his life at the Este
's Court, as State Secretary.
In 1673, during the governance of Laura Martinozzi
, who was the nephew of Cardinal Mazarin, he managed, as Estes
's ambassador
, the diplomatic aspect of the marriage between Laura Martinozzi
's daughter, Maria Beatrice d'Este (1658 - 1718), and James Stuart (who will become King James II of England
). The marriage had been sponsored by Louis XIV of France
.
In the same year, Graziani published his tragedy Il Cromuele, expressly unrespectful of Aristotle's rules
. It deals with the theme of the dark cruel tyrant, (Oliver Cromwell
) and the royalty prophanation (Charles I of England
's martyrdom).
Graziani wrote epic poems, politic writings, panegyrics, epithalamus, laudatory and love sonnets, feasts and tourney relations.
According to some of his coeval biographers, he also made any effort in order to publish an “Historia” about the period between the end of Castro's War
and the Treaty of the Pyrenees
. But the "Historia" was not published, and there is no more trace about it.
Poet
A poet is a person who writes poetry. A poet's work can be literal, meaning that his work is derived from a specific event, or metaphorical, meaning that his work can take on many meanings and forms. Poets have existed since antiquity, in nearly all languages, and have produced works that vary...
.
Girolamo Graziani has been one of the most famous poet of 17th century. But his fame didn't survive him. During his life he was appreciated mainly for his epic poems La Cleopatra (1632) and il Conquisto di Granata (1650).
The latter has been the source for Giacomo Leopardi
Giacomo Leopardi
Giacomo Taldegardo Francesco di Sales Saverio Pietro Leopardi was an Italian poet, essayist, philosopher, and philologist...
's Consalvo (1833). Actually the plot (Love in the imminence oh death) and the names of the main characters (Consalvo and Elvira) of Leopardi's Consalvo seem to come from Graziani's poem.
Biography
Girolamo Graziani (1604–1675) was born in PergolaPergola, Italy
Pergola is a comune in the Province of Pesaro e Urbino in the Italian region Marche.The Gilt Bronzes of Cartoceto di Pergola were discovered in the communal territory in 1946. They are now exposed in a specific museum at Pergola....
, near Urbino
Urbino
Urbino is a walled city in the Marche region of Italy, south-west of Pesaro, a World Heritage Site notable for a remarkable historical legacy of independent Renaissance culture, especially under the patronage of Federico da Montefeltro, duke of Urbino from 1444 to 1482...
, but he spent most of his life in Modena
Modena
Modena is a city and comune on the south side of the Po Valley, in the Province of Modena in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy....
.
His father was a law attendant in the Sacra Rota Romana
Sacra Rota Romana
The Tribunal Apostolicum Rotae Romanae — also called the Sacred Roman Rota, and anciently the Apostolic Court of Audience — is the highest appellate tribunal of the Roman Catholic Church, with respect to both Latin-rite members and the eastern-rite members and is, with respect to judicial trials...
. He took degree in Arts and Laws in Bologna
Bologna
Bologna is the capital city of Emilia-Romagna, in the Po Valley of Northern Italy. The city lies between the Po River and the Apennine Mountains, more specifically, between the Reno River and the Savena River. Bologna is a lively and cosmopolitan Italian college city, with spectacular history,...
's University.
Graziani spent most of his life at the Este
Este
The House of Este is a European princely dynasty. It is split into two branches; the elder is known as the House of Welf-Este or House of Welf historically rendered in English, Guelf or Guelph...
's Court, as State Secretary.
In 1673, during the governance of Laura Martinozzi
Laura Martinozzi
Laura Martinozzi was a Duchess consort of Modena. On the death of her husband, she became the regent of the Duchy in the name of her son, Francesco.-Biography:...
, who was the nephew of Cardinal Mazarin, he managed, as Estes
Estes
Estes is a popular surname derived from the House of Este. It is also said to derive from Old English and have the meaning "of the East." As a surname, it has been traced to southern England in the region of Kent, as early as the mid-16th century....
's ambassador
Ambassador
An ambassador is the highest ranking diplomat who represents a nation and is usually accredited to a foreign sovereign or government, or to an international organization....
, the diplomatic aspect of the marriage between Laura Martinozzi
Laura Martinozzi
Laura Martinozzi was a Duchess consort of Modena. On the death of her husband, she became the regent of the Duchy in the name of her son, Francesco.-Biography:...
's daughter, Maria Beatrice d'Este (1658 - 1718), and James Stuart (who will become King James II of England
James II of England
James II & VII was King of England and King of Ireland as James II and King of Scotland as James VII, from 6 February 1685. He was the last Catholic monarch to reign over the Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland...
). The marriage had been sponsored by Louis XIV of France
Louis XIV of France
Louis XIV , known as Louis the Great or the Sun King , was a Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and Navarre. His reign, from 1643 to his death in 1715, began at the age of four and lasted seventy-two years, three months, and eighteen days...
.
In the same year, Graziani published his tragedy Il Cromuele, expressly unrespectful of Aristotle's rules
Aristotle
Aristotle was a Greek philosopher and polymath, a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. His writings cover many subjects, including physics, metaphysics, poetry, theater, music, logic, rhetoric, linguistics, politics, government, ethics, biology, and zoology...
. It deals with the theme of the dark cruel tyrant, (Oliver Cromwell
Oliver Cromwell
Oliver Cromwell was an English military and political leader who overthrew the English monarchy and temporarily turned England into a republican Commonwealth, and served as Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland....
) and the royalty prophanation (Charles I of England
Charles I of England
Charles I was King of England, King of Scotland, and King of Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649. Charles engaged in a struggle for power with the Parliament of England, attempting to obtain royal revenue whilst Parliament sought to curb his Royal prerogative which Charles...
's martyrdom).
Graziani wrote epic poems, politic writings, panegyrics, epithalamus, laudatory and love sonnets, feasts and tourney relations.
According to some of his coeval biographers, he also made any effort in order to publish an “Historia” about the period between the end of Castro's War
Wars of Castro
The Wars of Castro is a term referring to a series of events in the mid-17th century revolving around the ancient city of Castro , which eventually resulted in the city's destruction on 2 September 1649...
and the Treaty of the Pyrenees
Treaty of the Pyrenees
The Treaty of the Pyrenees was signed to end the 1635 to 1659 war between France and Spain, a war that was initially a part of the wider Thirty Years' War. It was signed on Pheasant Island, a river island on the border between the two countries...
. But the "Historia" was not published, and there is no more trace about it.