Fram

	Email		Print
	Bookmark		Link

Fram

Fram ("Forward") is a ship

Ship

A ship is a large watercraft that floats on water. Ships are generally distinguished from boats based on size. Ships may be found on lakes, seas, and rivers and they allow for a variety of activities, such as the ferry or cargo ships, fishing, cruise ship, Coast guard, and warship....
that was used in expeditions of the Arctic

Arctic

The Arctic is the region around the Earth's North Pole, opposite the Antarctica region around the South Pole. The Arctic includes the Arctic Ocean and parts of Canada, Greenland , Russia, the United States , Iceland, Norway, Sweden and Finland....
and Antarctic regions by the Norwegian

Norway

Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a constitutional monarchy in Northern Europe that occupies the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula....
explorers Fridtjof Nansen

Fridtjof Nansen

Fridtjof Wedel-Jarlsberg Nansen was a Norway explorer, scientist and diplomat. Nansen was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1922 for his work as a League of Nations High Commissioner....
, Otto Sverdrup

Otto Sverdrup

Otto Neumann Sverdrup was a native of Bindal, Nordland county, Norway, known for his achievements within the areas of Arctic science and exploration....
, Oscar Wisting

Oscar Wisting

Oscar Adolf Wisting was a Norway polar explorer.Together with Roald Amundsen he was the first person to reach both to the North and South Poles....
, and Roald Amundsen

Roald Amundsen

Roald Engelbregt Gravning Amundsen , was a Norwegian people Exploration of polar regions. He led the first Antarctica expedition to reach the South Pole between 1910 and 1912....
between 1893 and 1912. Fram was probably the strongest wooden ship ever built. It was designed by the Norwegian shipwright Colin Archer

Colin Archer

File:Colin_Archer_Statue.jpgColin Archer was a naval architecture and shipbuilding from Larvik, Norway. He was born of Scotland parents who emigrated to Norway in 1825....
for Fridtjof Nansen's 1893 Arctic expedition in which Fram was supposed to freeze into the Arctic ice sheet and float with it over the North Pole.

Fram is said to be the wooden ship to have sailed farthest north and farthest south.

Discussion

Ask a question about 'Fram'

Start a new discussion about 'Fram'

Answer questions from other users

Full Discussion Forum

Encyclopedia

Fram ("Forward") is a ship

Ship

Arctic

Norway

Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a constitutional monarchy in Northern Europe that occupies the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula....
explorers Fridtjof Nansen

Fridtjof Nansen

Otto Sverdrup

Otto Neumann Sverdrup was a native of Bindal, Nordland county, Norway, known for his achievements within the areas of Arctic science and exploration....
, Oscar Wisting

Oscar Wisting

Oscar Adolf Wisting was a Norway polar explorer.Together with Roald Amundsen he was the first person to reach both to the North and South Poles....
, and Roald Amundsen

Roald Amundsen

Colin Archer

Fram Museum

The Fram Museum is a museum telling the story of Norwegian polar exploration. It is located on the island of Bygd?y in Oslo, Norway, centred on the original exploration vessel Fram....
in Oslo

Oslo

is the Capital and largest List of cities in Norway in Norway.Metropolitan Oslo or the Greater Oslo Region makes up the third largest urban area in Scandinavia after Metropolitan Stockholm and Metropolitan Copenhagen....
, Norway.

Construction

Nansen's ambition was to explore the Arctic farther north than anyone else. To do that, he would have to deal with a problem that many sailing on the polar ocean had encountered before him: the freezing ice could crush a ship. Nansen's idea was to build a ship that could survive the pressure, not by pure strength, but because it would be of a shape designed to let the ice push the ship up, so it would "float" on top of the ice.

Nansen commissioned the shipwright Colin Archer

Colin Archer

File:Colin_Archer_Statue.jpgColin Archer was a naval architecture and shipbuilding from Larvik, Norway. He was born of Scotland parents who emigrated to Norway in 1825....
from Larvik

Larvik

is a List of cities in Norway and Municipalities of Norway in Vestfold Counties of Norway, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the city of Larvik....
to construct a vessel with these characteristics. Fram was built with an outer layer of greenheart

Chlorocardium

Chlorocardium rodiei is a member of the family Lauraceae. It is the sole species of the genus Chlorocardium, formerly classified in either of the genera Nectandra or Ocotea, as Nectandra rodiei or Ocotea rodiei....
wood to withstand the ice and almost without a keel

Keel

In boats and ships, keel can refer to either of two parts: a structural element, or a hydrodynamic element. These parts overlap. As the laying down of the keel is the initial step in construction of a ship, the construction is dated from this event, with only the ship's Ship_naming_and_launching considered more significant in its creati...
to handle the shallow waters Nansen expected to encounter. The rudder

Rudder

A rudder is a device used to steer a ship, boat, submarine, hovercraft, or other conveyance that moves through a fluid . On an aircraft the rudder is used primarily to counter adverse yaw and p-factor and is not the primary control used to turn the airplane....
and propeller

Propeller

A propeller is a type of fan which transmits power by converting rotational motion into thrust. It can be used to drive an fixed-wing aircraft, ship, or the fluid within a pump....
were designed to be retracted into the ship. The ship was also carefully insulated to allow the crew to live onboard for up to five years. The ship also included a windmill

Windmill

A windmill is a machine that is powered by the energy of the wind. It is designed to convert the energy of the wind into more useful forms using rotating blades or sails....
, which ran a generator to provide electric power for lighting by electric arc lamps

Arc lamp

An arc lamp or arc light is the general term for a class of lamps that produce light by an electric arc . The lamp consists of two electrodes typically made of tungsten which are separated by a gas....
.

Expeditions

Fram was used in several expeditions:

Nansen's 1893–1896 Arctic expedition

Due to ship wreckage, most notably from the , as well as driftwood found in the regions of Svalbard

Svalbard

Svalbard is an archipelago in the Arctic Ocean north of mainland Europe, about midway between mainland Norway and the North Pole. It consists of a group of islands ranging from 74th parallel north to 81st parallel north, and 10th meridian east to 35th meridian east....
and Greenland

Greenland

Greenland is a member country of the Kingdom of Denmark located between the Arctic Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago....
, Nansen

Fridtjof Nansen

Ocean current

An ocean current is continuous, directed movement of ocean water. The currents are generated from the forces acting upon the water like the Earth's rotation, the wind, the temperature, salinity differences and the tide....
flowing beneath the ice sheet from east to west, bringing driftwood from the Siberia

Siberia

Siberia , is the name given to the vast region constituting almost all of North Asia and for the most part currently serving as the massive central and eastern portion of the Russian Federation, having served in the same capacity previously for the Soviet Union from its beginning, and the Russian Empire beginning in the 16th century....
n region to Svalbard and further west. Nansen had Fram built, in order to explore this theory.

Nansen undertook an expedition that came to last three years. When Nansen realised that Fram would not reach the North Pole directly by the force of the current, he and Hjalmar Johansen

Hjalmar Johansen

Fredrik Hjalmar Johansen was a polar explorer from Norway. He shipped out with Fridtjof Nansen's Fram expedition in 1893-1896, and accompanied Nansen to notch a new Farthest North record near the North Pole on what was then the frozen Arctic Ocean....
set out to reach the pole by ski. Reaching 86° 14' north, he had to turn back to spend the winter at Franz Joseph Land. Nansen and Johansen survived on walrus

Walrus

The walrus is a large pinniped marine mammal with a discontinuous circumpolar distribution in the Arctic Ocean and sub-Arctic seas of the Northern Hemisphere....
and polar bear

Polar Bear

The polar bear is a bear native to the Arctic Ocean and its surrounding seas. The world's largest carnivore found on land, and shares the title of largest land predator with the Kodiak Bear, an adult male weighs around , while an adult female is about half that size....
meat and blubber

Blubber

Blubber is a thick layer of Blood vessel fat found under the skin of all cetaceans, pinnipeds and sirenians....
. Finally meeting a British expedition

Jackson-Harmsworth Expedition

The Jackson-Harmsworth Expedition to Franz Josef Land, 1894–97, was led by British Arctic explorer Frederick George Jackson and financed by newspaper proprietor Alfred Harmsworth....
, they managed to reach Norway

Norway

Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a constitutional monarchy in Northern Europe that occupies the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula....
only days before the Fram arrived back there. The Fram had spent nearly three years beset in the ice.

Sverdrup's 1898–1902 Canadian Arctic islands expedition

In 1898, Otto Sverdrup

Otto Sverdrup

Otto Neumann Sverdrup was a native of Bindal, Nordland county, Norway, known for his achievements within the areas of Arctic science and exploration....
led a scientific expedition to the Canadian Arctic islands. Fram was slightly modified for this journey, its freeboard

Freeboard

Freeboard or FREEBOARD may refer to: * Sporting Goods. The six-wheeled skateboard which acts like a snowboard .* Nautical....
being increased. Fram left harbour on 24 June 1898, with 17 men onboard. Their aim was to chart the lands of the Arctic Islands, and to sample the geology, flora and fauna.

Amundsen's 1910–1912 South Pole expedition

Fram was used by Roald Amundsen

Roald Amundsen

Roald Engelbregt Gravning Amundsen , was a Norwegian people Exploration of polar regions. He led the first Antarctica expedition to reach the South Pole between 1910 and 1912....
in his southern polar expedition from 1910 to 1912, the first to reach the South Pole.

Preservation of Fram

The ship was left to decay in storage between 1912 and the late 1920s, when Lars Christensen

Lars Christensen

Lars Christensen was a Norway shipowner and whaling magnate with a keen interest in the exploration of Antarctica. Born into a wealthy family, Christensen inherited his whaling fleet from his father, Christen Christensen ....
, Otto Sverdrup and Oscar Wisting

Oscar Wisting

Oscar Adolf Wisting was a Norway polar explorer.Together with Roald Amundsen he was the first person to reach both to the North and South Poles....
initiated efforts to preserve her. In 1935 the ship was installed in the Fram Museum

Fram Museum

The Fram Museum is a museum telling the story of Norwegian polar exploration. It is located on the island of Bygd?y in Oslo, Norway, centred on the original exploration vessel Fram....
where she now stands.

Named after Fram

Framheim
Framheim

Framheim was the name of explorer Roald Amundsen's base at the Bay of Whales on the Ross Ice Shelf in Antarctica during his quest for the South Pole....
, (Literally "Home of the Fram") Amundsen's Base at the Bay of Whales
Bay of Whales

The Bay of Whales is an iceport indenting the front of Ross Ice Shelf just northward of Roosevelt Island, Antarctica.A natural ice harbor which generally forms here, it served as the base site for Roald Amundsen's successful expedition to the South Pole, 1911, the Richard E....
in Antarctica
Antarctica

Antarctica is Earth's southernmost continent, overlying the South Pole. It is situated in the Antarctica of the southern hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean....
during his quest for the South Pole.
Fram Rupes, an escarpment
Escarpment

In geomorphology, an escarpment is a transition zone between different physiogeographic provinces that involves a sharp, steep elevation differential, characterized by a cliff or steep slope....
on Mercury
Mercury (planet)

Mercury is the innermost and smallest planet in the Solar System, orbiting the Sun once every 88 days. The orbit of Mercury has the highest Orbital eccentricity of all the Solar System planets, and it has the smallest axial tilt....
Fram crater, a small crater on Mars, visited by the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity in 2004
Fram Basin, the deepest point in the Arctic Ocean
Arctic Ocean

The Arctic Ocean, located in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Arctic North Pole region, is the smallest and shallowest of the world's five major oceanic divisions....
Fram Strait
Fram Strait

The Fram Strait is a passage from the Arctic Ocean to the Greenland Sea and Norwegian Sea, between Greenland and Spitsbergen. It is named after the Norway ship Fram....
, a passage from the Arctic Ocean to the Greenland Sea
Greenland Sea

The Greenland Sea is the northernmost part of the North Atlantic Ocean immediately south of the Arctic Ocean. It encompasses some 1,205,000 square km ....
and Norwegian Sea
Norwegian Sea

The Norwegian Sea is part of the North Atlantic Ocean northwest of Norway, located between the North Sea and the Greenland Sea.It adjoins the Iceland Sea to the west and the Barents Sea to the northeast....
, between Greenland
Greenland

Greenland is a member country of the Kingdom of Denmark located between the Arctic Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago....
and Spitsbergen
Spitsbergen

Spitsbergen is a Norway island, the largest island of the Svalbard archipelago in the Arctic Ocean. The island of Spitsbergen covers approximately 39,044 km? ....
.
Fram, ursul polar, ("Fram, the Polar Bear"), a Romanian children's book by Cezar Petrescu
Cezar Petrescu

Cezar Petrescu was a Romanian journalist, novelist and children's literature.He was inspired by the works of Honor? de Balzac, attempting to write a Romanian Literature cycle that would mirror Balzac's La Com?die humaine....
.
Fram, a song by British post-rock band iLiKETRAiNS
ILiKETRAiNS

iLiKETRAiNS are a post-rock band from Leeds, England.Their songs are composed of expansive orchestral and guitar-based sounds. They are signed to Beggars Banquet Records, though their debut EP, "Progress Reform", was released on Fierce Panda Records in June, 2006....
FRAM CQ, Southern California soccer club
Fram, a moody Glaswegian indie rock band
Fram
Fram (play)

Fram is a 2008 play by Tony Harrison. It uses the story of the Norwegian explorer Fridtjof Nansen's attempt to reach the North Pole, and his subsequent campaign to relieve Russian famine of 1921 to explore the role of art in a world beset by seemingly greater issues....
, a play by Tony Harrison
Tony Harrison

Tony Harrison is an English poet and playwright. He is noted for his controversial works like the poem V_ and Fram , as well as his versions of ancient Greek tragedy like the Oresteia and Hecuba ....
, premièred at the National Theatre London, 2008

Other ships named Fram

A ship built in 1958 and named after Axel Enström
Axel Enström

Axel Gustaf Torbj?rn Enstr?m was a Sweden industrialist, the head of Svenska Cellulosa Aktiebolaget Forest Products in Sundsvall Municipality. He was managing director from 1950 to 1960 and chairman of the board from 1960 to 1965....
was later renamed Fram.
Harald V
Harald V of Norway

}|-||}Harald V is the King of Norway. He succeeded to the throne of Norway upon the death of his father Olav V of Norway on 17 January 1991....
, the King of Norway
Norwegian monarchy

The Norwegian monarch or Sovereign is the head of state of Norway, which is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system of government....
has had a number of sailboats for regatta
Regatta

A regatta is a term used to describe either a boat race, or series of boat races. Although the term typically describes racing events of unpowered water craft, some powerboat race series are also called regattas....
use named Fram. He became world champion in sailing with Fram X in 1987 and is currently racing in Fram XVI (2006).
The Norwegian passenger and freight line Hurtigruten
Hurtigruten

Hurtigruten or Hurtigruta is a Norway passenger and freight line with daily sailings along Norway's spectacular western and northern coast....
operates a ship called MS Fram.