.

The Fauna of Colombia

Colombia

Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia , is a unitary constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments. The country is located in northwestern South America, bordered to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; to the north by the Caribbean Sea; to the...

is characterized by a high biodiversity

Biodiversity

Biodiversity is the degree of variation of life forms within a given ecosystem, biome, or an entire planet. Biodiversity is a measure of the health of ecosystems. Biodiversity is in part a function of climate. In terrestrial habitats, tropical regions are typically rich whereas polar regions...

, with the highest rate of species by area unit worldwide.

Endemisms

Colombia has the largest number of endemisms (species that are not found naturally anywhere else)worldwide. About 10% of the species in the world live in Colombia. Some determinant factors In the distribution range of the species are the weather

Weather

Weather is the state of the atmosphere, to the degree that it is hot or cold, wet or dry, calm or stormy, clear or cloudy. Most weather phenomena occur in the troposphere, just below the stratosphere. Weather refers, generally, to day-to-day temperature and precipitation activity, whereas climate...

 conditions, temperature

Temperature

Temperature is a physical property of matter that quantitatively expresses the common notions of hot and cold. Objects of low temperature are cold, while various degrees of higher temperatures are referred to as warm or hot...

, humidity

Humidity

Humidity is a term for the amount of water vapor in the air, and can refer to any one of several measurements of humidity. Formally, humid air is not "moist air" but a mixture of water vapor and other constituents of air, and humidity is defined in terms of the water content of this mixture,...

 and sunlight

Sunlight

Sunlight, in the broad sense, is the total frequency spectrum of electromagnetic radiation given off by the Sun. On Earth, sunlight is filtered through the Earth's atmosphere, and solar radiation is obvious as daylight when the Sun is above the horizon.When the direct solar radiation is not blocked...

 availability.

Endemics can easily become endangered or extinct

Extinct species

This page features extinct species, organisms that have become extinct.* List of extinct animals* List of extinct plants...

 due to their restricted habitat and vulnerability to the actions of man, including the introduction

Introduced species

An introduced species — or neozoon, alien, exotic, non-indigenous, or non-native species, or simply an introduction, is a species living outside its indigenous or native distributional range, and has arrived in an ecosystem or plant community by human activity, either deliberate or accidental...

 of new organisms.

Ecoregions with high endemism

According to the Colombian Ministry of Environment, the following ecoregions have the highest percentage of endemic species:

• Cocora valley (Quindío)
• Serranía de la Macarena
  Serranía de la Macarena
  Serranía de la Macarena is a Colombian mountain range located east of the Andes in the Meta Department. The mountains are separated by about 40 kilometers at their northern extreme from the Cordillera Oriental . The range is orientated from north to south and is 120 kilometers in length and 30...
  
   (Meta Department
  Meta Department
  Meta is a department of Colombia. It is close to the geographic center of the country, to the east of the Andean mountains. A large portion of the department, which is also crossed by the Meta River, is covered by a grassland plain known as the Llanos. Its capital is Villavicencio...
  
  )
• Gorgona, Colombia
  Gorgona, Colombia
  Gorgona is a Colombian island in the Pacific Ocean situated about 50 km off the Colombian Pacific coast and part of the municipality of Guapi in the Department of Cauca. The island is about 9 km long and 2.5 km wide, with a maximum height of 338 m ; with an area of 10 square miles...
  
   (island
  Island
  An island or isle is any piece of sub-continental land that is surrounded by water. Very small islands such as emergent land features on atolls can be called islets, cays or keys. An island in a river or lake may be called an eyot , or holm...
  
   in the Pacific Ocean
  Pacific Ocean
  The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth's oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic in the north to the Southern Ocean in the south, bounded by Asia and Australia in the west, and the Americas in the east.At 165.2 million square kilometres in area, this largest division of the World...
  
  )
• Amacayacu National Park
  Amacayacu National Park
  Amacayacu National Natural Park is a national park located along the Amazon River in the Amazonas Department in the south of Colombia. The park was created in 1975. The word "Amacayacu" means "River of the Hamocs" in the indigenous language Quechua. The Ticuna people currently inhabit a part of...
  
   (Amazonas Department
  Amazonas Department
  Amazonas is a department of Colombia in the south of the country. Its capital is Leticia. Its name comes from the Amazon River that drains much in the department and the rainforest that covers a large part of the department....
  
  )

Birds

Over 1800 species of birds have been described in Colombia, (more than the number of existent bird species in North America

North America

North America is a continent wholly within the Northern Hemisphere and almost wholly within the Western Hemisphere. It is also considered a northern subcontinent of the Americas...

 and Europe

Europe

Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...

, combined).
Some of the bird species in Colombia are:

• American Redstart
  American Redstart
  The American Redstart is a New World warbler. It is the only member of its genus and is unrelated to the Old World redstarts. It derives its name from the male's red tail, start being an old word for tail.-Description:...
  
  
• Groove-billed Ani
  Groove-billed Ani
  The Groove-billed Ani, Crotophaga sulcirostris, is an odd-looking tropical bird in the cuckoo family with a long tail and a large, curved beak. It is a resident species throughout most of its range, from southern Texas and central Mexico through Central America, to northern Colombia and Venezuela,...
  
  
• Spotted Antbird
  Spotted Antbird
  The Spotted Antbird is a species of bird in the Thamnophilidae family.In southern Central America, it is found in Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama; also Colombia and Ecuador of northwestern South America....
  
  
• White-plumed Antbird
  White-plumed Antbird
  The White-plumed Antbird is a species of insectivorous bird in the Thamnophilidae family. It is marked by deep red-brownish plumage, black wings, and a black head with a bright-white feathered mask....
  
  
• Antioquia Bristle-tyrant
  Antioquia Bristle-tyrant
  The Antioquia Bristle-tyrant is a species of bird in the Tyrannidae family. It is endemic to Colombia.-Distribution and habitat:...
  
  
• Northern Slaty-Antshrike
  Northern Slaty-Antshrike
  The Northern Slaty-Antshrike is a species of bird in the Thamnophilidae family. It previously included the Western Slaty-Antshrike, Natterer's Slaty-Antshrike, Bolivian Slaty-Antshrike, Planalto Slaty-Antshrike and Sooretama Slaty-Antshrike as subspecies, in which case the combined species simply...
  
  
• Blackish-grey Antshrike
  Blackish-grey Antshrike
  The Blackish-grey Antshrike is a species of bird in the Thamnophilidae family, the antbirds.The species is found in Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela, and eastern French Guiana; also a small river region of northeast Bolivia....
  
  
• Black-faced Antthrush
  Black-faced Antthrush
  The Black-faced Antthrush , is a passerine bird.-Distribution and habitat:It is a common and widespread forest bird in the tropical New World, from southern Mexico through Central America to the northern regions of South America...
  
  
• White-flanked Antwren
  White-flanked Antwren
  The White-flanked Antwren is a passerine bird in the antbird family.-Taxonomy:The subspecies M. a. luctuosa, the Silvery-flanked Antwren, is sometimes split as a full species.-Distribution and habitat:...
  
  
• Checker-throated Antwren
  Checker-throated Antwren
  The Checker-throated Antwren or Fulvous-bellied Antwren is a small passerine bird in the antbird family. It has traditionally been placed in the genus Myrmotherula, but is, together with other members of the so-called "stipple-throated group", now placed in the new genus Epinecrophylla...
  
  
• Apical Flycatcher
  Apical Flycatcher
  The Apical Flycatcher is a species of bird in the Tyrannidae family.It is endemic to Colombia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, and heavily degraded former forest.-References:* BirdLife International 2004. . ...
  
  
• Apolinar's Wren
  Apolinar's Wren
  The Apolinar's Wren is a passerine bird in the Troglodytidae family. It is endemic to the Andean areas of Colombia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical high-altitude grassland , freshwater lakes, and freshwater marshes. It is threatened by habitat loss...
  
  
• Argus Bare-eye
  Argus Bare-eye
  The Argus Bare-eye is a species of bird in the Thamnophilidae family.Known only from a single male specimen taken in 1951 in Colombia, its taxonomic validity is questionable, and most authorities do not recognize it, following Willis and Graves , where it was shown to be a hybrid between the...
  
  
• Cinnamon Attila
  Cinnamon Attila
  The Cinnamon Attila is a species of bird in the Tyrannidae family, the tyrant flycatchers.It is found in northern South America in the Amazon Basin of Brazil and the Guianas....
  
  
• Band-tailed Barbthroat
  Band-tailed Barbthroat
  The Band-tailed Barbthroat is a medium-sized hummingbird which is a resident breeder from southeastern Guatemala and Belize to western Ecuador and western Venezuela....
  
  
• Pale-tailed Barbthroat
  Pale-tailed Barbthroat
  The Pale-tailed Barbthroat is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family.It is found in the Amazon Basin proper and bordering countries, Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela....
  
  
• Baudó Oropendola
  Baudó Oropendola
  The Baudó Oropendola is a species of bird in the Icteridae family.It is endemic to Colombia.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.It is threatened by habitat loss.-References:...
  
  
• Beautiful Woodpecker
  Beautiful Woodpecker
  The Beautiful Woodpecker is a bird species in the woodpecker family . It is endemic to Colombia.Until recently, it was united with the Golden-naped Woodpecker of Central America as subspecies...
  
  
• Bearded Bellbird
  Bearded Bellbird
  The Bearded Bellbird, Procnias averano, also known as the Campanero or Anvil-bird, is a passerine bird which occurs in tropical northern South America....
  
  
• Black-and-gold Tanager
  Black-and-gold Tanager
  The Black-and-gold Tanager is a species of bird in the Thraupidae family.It is endemic to Colombia.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montanes.It is threatened by habitat loss.-References:...
  
  
• Black-chested Buzzard-eagle
  Black-chested Buzzard-eagle
  The Black-chested Buzzard-Eagle is a bird of prey of the hawk and eagle family . It lives in open regions of South America. This species is also known as the Black Buzzard-eagle, Grey Buzzard-eagle or analogously with "eagle" or "eagle-buzzard" replacing "buzzard-eagle", or as the Chilean Blue Eagle...
  
  
• Black-mandibled Toucan
  Black-mandibled Toucan
  The Black-mandibled Toucan is a large toucan from northern South America. Its distribution ranges along the eastern slope of the Andes from Peru, north through Ecuador and Colombia, to Venezuela as far as the coastal ranges....
  
  
• Blackish Tapaculo
  Blackish Tapaculo
  The Blackish Tapaculo is a species of bird in the Rhinocryptidae family.It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.-References:...
  
  
• Bogotá Rail
  Bogotá Rail
  The Bogotá Rail is a species of bird in the Rallidae family.It is endemic to Colombia.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical high-altitude grassland, freshwater lakes, and freshwater marshes....
  
  
• Empress Brilliant
  Empress Brilliant
  The Empress Brilliant is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family.It is found in Colombia and Ecuador....
  
  
• Fawn-breasted Brilliant
  Fawn-breasted Brilliant
  -Introduction:The Fawn-breasted Brilliant, , is a species of hummingbird. It is found in South American countries such as Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru and lives in tropical climates. It has a light brown chest, a dark green back, a white spot behind the eye, and a red spot on the throat...
  
  
• Brown-banded Antpitta
  Brown-banded Antpitta
  The Brown-banded Antpitta is a species of bird in the Formicariidae family. It is endemic to Colombia.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and plantations. It is threatened by habitat loss....
  
  
• Buff-breasted Mountain-tanager
  Buff-breasted Mountain-tanager
  The Buff-breasted Mountain-tanager is a species of bird in the Thraupidae family. It is the only member of the genus Dubusia....
  
  
• Red-rumped Cacique
  Red-rumped Cacique
  The Red-rumped Cacique is a species of bird in the Icteridae family. It is a species of the Amazon Basin and the Guyanas in northern South America, and is only coastal there in the Guyanas and the Amazon River outlet to the Atlantic; a separate large disjunct range exists in all of southeastern...
  
  
• Scarlet-rumped Cacique
  Scarlet-rumped Cacique
  The Scarlet-rumped Cacique is a passerine bird species in the New World family Icteridae. It breeds from eastern Honduras to Panama and in the Pacific lowlands of South America from western Colombia south to Ecuador, and in the lower reaches of the northern Andes...
  
  
• Red-capped Cardinal
  Red-capped Cardinal
  The Red-capped Cardinal, Paroaria gularis, is a small South American bird. It belongs to Paroaria, a genus of red-headed cardinal-tanagers in the family Thraupidae, unlike the cardinals proper which are in the Cardinalidae...
  
  
• Gray Catbird
  Gray Catbird
  The Gray Catbird , also spelled Grey Catbird, is a medium-sized northern American perching bird of the mimid family. It is the only member of the "catbird" genus Dumetella...
  
  
• Little Chachalaca
  Little Chachalaca
  The Little Chachalaca is a small bird found only in the northern part of South America. It grows to about 38 cm in length and weighs . This bird lives mostly in trees. It is a member of the Cracidae family, and is found in northern Brazil, French Guiana, Suriname, Guyana and Venezuela...
  
  
• Rufous-vented Chachalaca
  Rufous-vented Chachalaca
  The Rufous-vented Chachalaca, Ortalis ruficauda, is a member of an ancient group of birds of the Cracidae family, which are related to the Australasian mound builders. It inhabits northeast Colombia and northern Venezuela where it is called Guacharaca, and in Tobago where it is known as the Cocrico...
  
  
• Chestnut-bellied Flower-piercer
  Chestnut-bellied Flower-piercer
  The Chestnut-bellied Flowerpiercer is a species of bird in the Thraupidae family. It is endemic to Colombia....
  
  
• Chestnut-capped Piha
  Chestnut-capped Piha
  The Chestnut-capped Piha is a species of bird in the Cotingidae family.It is endemic to Colombia.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montanes.It is threatened by habitat loss.-References:...
  
  
• Chestnut-mandibled Toucan
  Chestnut-mandibled Toucan
  The Chestnut-mandibled Toucan, or Swainson’s Toucan is a near-passerine bird which breeds from eastern Honduras to northern Colombia to western Ecuador. This subspecies is replaced from southern Colombia to eastern Peru by the nominate subspecies Black-mandibled Toucan, R. ambiguus ambiguus...
  
  
• Choco Toucan
  Choco Toucan
  The Choco Toucan is a large, mainly black bird found in humid lowland and foothill forests on the Pacific slope of Colombia and Ecuador...
  
  
• Chocó Vireo
  Chocó Vireo
  The Chocó Vireo is a species of bird in the Vireonidae family. It is found in western Colombia and has recently been found in north-west Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.The species was not described until 1996...
  
  
• Clapper Rail
  Clapper Rail
  The Clapper Rail is a member of the rail family, Rallidae. Some researchers believe that this bird and the similar King Rail are a single species; the two birds are known to interbreed.-Distribution and habitat:...
  
  
• Andean Cock-of-the-rock
  Andean Cock-of-the-rock
  The Andean Cock-of-the-rock is a medium-sized passerine bird of the Cotinga family native to Andean cloud forests in South America. The plural is Andean Cocks-of-the-rock...
  
  
• Guianan Cock-of-the-rock
  Guianan Cock-of-the-rock
  The Guianan Cock-of-the-rock, Rupicola rupicola, is a South American passerine about 30 cm in length. The bright orange male has an extraordinary half-moon crest, which is used is competitive displays in lek gatherings to attract a female....
  
  
• Collared Trogon
  Collared Trogon
  The Collared Trogon, Trogon collaris, is a near passerine bird in the trogon family, Trogonidae. It is found in the warmer parts of the Neotropics, and includes numerous subspecies, including T. c...
  
  
• Festive Coquette
  Festive Coquette
  The Festive Coquette is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family.It is found in northwestern South America, the region of the western Amazon Basin, in the countries of northwest Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador and Peru...
  
  
• Spangled Coquette
  Spangled Coquette
  The Spangled Coquette, Coquette Pailletée, Coqueta Coronada, or Coqueta Lentejuelada is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family.It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela....
  
  
• Buff-tailed Coronet
  Buff-tailed Coronet
  - Introduction :The Buff-tailed Coronet, Boissonneaua flavescens, is a species of hummingbird from the family Trochilidea. It is found in Colombia,...
  
  
• Velvet-purple Coronet
  Velvet-purple Coronet
  The Velvet-purple Coronet is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family. It is found in humid foothill forest on the West Andean slope in western Colombia and north-western Ecuador...
  
  
• Pompadour Cotinga
  Pompadour Cotinga
  The Pompadour Cotinga is a species of bird in the Cotingidae family, the cotingas. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela....
  
  
• Bronzed Cowbird
  Bronzed Cowbird
  The Bronzed Cowbird , Molothrus aeneus, is a small icterid.It breeds from the southern U.S. states of California, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, and Louisiana south through Central America to Panama. An isolated population on the Caribbean coast of Colombia is sometimes treated as a separate species,...
  
  
• Crested Ant-tanager
  Crested Ant-tanager
  The Crested Ant-tanager is a songbird species. Though it was formerly placed in the tanager family , it is not actually a tanager. Today it is assigned to the cardinal family .It is endemic to Colombia...
  
  
• Cundinamarca Antpitta
  Cundinamarca Antpitta
  The Cundinamarca Antpitta is a species of bird in the Formicariidae family. It is endemic to Colombia.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.- References :...
  
  
• Great Curassow
  Great Curassow
  The Great Curassow is a large, pheasant-like bird from the Neotropics. At in length and in weight, this is a very large cracid. No other cracid match its maximum weight, but its length is matched by a few other cracids....
  
  
• Dickcissel
  Dickcissel
  The Dickcissel is a small American seed-eating bird in the family Cardinalidae. It is the only member of the genus Spiza, though some sources list another supposedly extinct species...
  
  
• Black-capped Donacobius
  Black-capped Donacobius
  The Black-capped Donacobius is a conspicuous, vocal South American bird. It is found in tropical swamps and wetlands in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela; also Panama of Central America.-Taxonomy:The Black-capped...
  
  
• Common Ground Dove
  Common Ground Dove
  The Common Ground Dove is a small bird that inhabits the southern United States, parts of Central America, the Caribbean and northern South America. The Common Ground Dove is considered to be the smallest dove that inhabits the United States...
  
  
• Grey-fronted Dove
  Grey-fronted Dove
  The Grey-fronted Dove, is a large New World tropical dove. It is a resident breeder in South America from Colombia, Venezuela and the Guyanas south to northeast Argentina and Uruguay. Several subspecies exist, among them L. r...
  
  
• Mourning Dove
  Mourning Dove
  The Mourning Dove is a member of the dove family . The bird is also called the Turtle Dove or the American Mourning Dove or Rain Dove, and formerly was known as the Carolina Pigeon or Carolina Turtledove. It is one of the most abundant and widespread of all North American birds...
  
  
• White-tipped Dove
  White-tipped Dove
  The White-tipped Dove is a large New World tropical dove. It is a resident breeder from the southernmost Texas in the USA through Mexico and Central America south to western Peru and central Argentina. It also breeds on the offshore islands of northern South America, including Trinidad and Tobago...
  
  
• Dusky-headed Brush-finch
  Dusky-headed Brush-finch
  The Dusky-headed Brush Finch is a species of bird in the Emberizidae family. It is endemic to Colombia.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and heavily degraded former forest. It is becoming rare due to habitat loss.-References:* BirdLife International 2004. . ...
  
  
• American Harpy Eagle
  American Harpy Eagle
  The Harpy Eagle , sometimes known as the American Harpy Eagle, is a Neotropical species of eagle. It is the largest and most powerful raptor found in the Americas, and among the largest extant species of eagles in the world. It usually inhabits tropical lowland rainforests in the upper canopy layer...
  
  
• Crested Eagle
  Crested Eagle
  The Crested Eagle is a large Neotropical eagle. It is the only member of the genus Morphnus. It is 71–89 cm long and has a wingspan of 138–176 cm...
  
  
• Forest Elaenia
  Forest Elaenia
  The Forest Elaenia, Myiopagis gaimardii, is a small passerine bird in the tyrant flycatcher family. It breeds from Panama through Colombia, Venezuela and the Guianas to Bolivia and Brazil. It also occurs on Trinidad....
  
  
• Yellow-crowned Elaenia
  Yellow-crowned Elaenia
  The Yellow-crowned Elaenia is a species of bird in the Tyrannidae family, the tyrant flycatchers.It is found in eastern Orinoco Basin Venezuela, the Guianas, and along the Amazon River corridor; also Colombia, Brazil, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Ecuador and Peru.Yellow-crowned Elaenia is...
  
  
• Andean Emerald
  Andean Emerald
  The Andean Emerald is a species of hummingbird found at forest edge, woodland, gardens and scrub in the Andes of Colombia, Ecuador and northern Peru. It is generally fairly common. It is green above and white below. Some subspecies have a blue crown.-External links:* on the Internet Bird Collection...
  
  
• Blue-tailed Emerald
  Blue-tailed Emerald
  The Blue-tailed Emerald, Chlorostilbon mellisugus, is a hummingbird found in tropical and subtropical South America east of the Andes from Colombia east to the Guianas and Trinidad, and south to northern Bolivia and central Brazil....
  
  
• Glittering-throated Emerald
  Glittering-throated Emerald
  The Glittering-throated Emerald , sometimes placed in the genus Polyerata, is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family....
  
  
• Versicoloured Emerald
  Versicoloured Emerald
  The Versicoloured Emerald , sometimes placed in the genus Agyrtria, is a species of hummingbird from central and eastern South America.- Taxonomy :...
  
  
• Euler's Flycatcher
  Euler's Flycatcher
  Euler's Flycatcher, Lathrotriccus euleri, is a small passerine bird in the tyrant flycatcher family. It breeds in South America east of the Andes from Colombia and Venezuela south to Bolivia and Argentina, and on the islands of Trinidad and formerly also Grenada...
  
  
• Orange-bellied Euphonia
  Orange-bellied Euphonia
  The Orange-bellied Euphonia is a species of bird in the Fringillidae family. They were formerly considered tanagers . It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela...
  
  
• Purple-crowned Fairy
  Purple-crowned Fairy
  The Purple-crowned Fairy is a large hummingbird that breeds in the lowlands and hills from southeastern Mexico south to southwestern Ecuador....
  
  
• Laughing Falcon
  Laughing Falcon
  The Laughing Falcon , also called the Snake Hawk , is a medium-sized bird of prey in the falcon family , the only member of the genus Herpetotheres. This Neotropical species is a specialist snake-eater...
  
  
• Flame-winged Parakeet
  Flame-winged Parakeet
  The Flame-winged Parakeet , also known as the Brown-breasted Parakeet, is a species of parrot in the Psittacidae family. It is endemic to forest edge and shrub at altitudes of 1700–3400 m. on the east Andean slope in Colombia. It is threatened by habitat loss.-References:* BirdLife...
  
  
• Acadian Flycatcher
  Acadian Flycatcher
  The Acadian Flycatcher is a small insect-eating bird of the tyrant flycatcher family.- Description :Adults have olive upperparts, darker on the wings and tail, with whitish underparts; they have a white eye ring, white wing bars and a wide bill. The breast is washed with olive. The upper part of...
  
  
• Fuscous Flycatcher
  Fuscous Flycatcher
  The Fuscous Flycatcher, Cnemotriccus fuscatus is a small passerine bird in the tyrant flycatcher family, and the only member of the genus Cnemotriccus. It breeds from Colombia and Venezuela south to Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina, and on both Trinidad and Tobago...
  
  
• Great Crested Flycatcher
  Great Crested Flycatcher
  The Great Crested Flycatcher is a large insect-eating bird of the tyrant flycatcher family. It is the most widespread member of the genus, Myiarchus, in North America and is found over most of the eastern and mid-western portions of the continent...
  
  
• Ruddy-tailed Flycatcher
  Ruddy-tailed Flycatcher
  The Ruddy-tailed Flycatcher, Terenotriccus erythrurus, is a small passerine bird in the tyrant flycatcher family. It breeds in lowlands from southeastern Mexico to northern Bolivia, north-central Brazil and the Guianas...
  
  
• Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher
  Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher
  The Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher, Myiodynastes luteiventris, is a large Tyrant flycatcher. This bird breeds from southeasternmost Arizona of the United States-, to Costa Rica...
  
  
• Orange-breasted Fruiteater
  Orange-breasted Fruiteater
  The Orange-breasted Fruiteater is a species of bird in the Cotingidae family.It is found in Colombia and Ecuador.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montanes.-References:...
  
  
• Black-faced Hawk
  Black-faced Hawk
  The Black-faced Hawk is a species of bird of prey in the Accipitridae family. This low-density species has traditionally been believed to be restricted to Amazon Basin north of the Amazon River, but there are several records south of this river, in, for example, the Brazilian states of Pará and...
  
  
• Common Black Hawk
  Common Black Hawk
  The Common Black Hawk is a bird of prey in the family Accipitridae, which also includes the eagles, hawks and Old World vultures. It formerly included the Cuban Black Hawk as a subspecies...
  
  
• Bronzy Hermit
  Bronzy Hermit
  The Bronzy Hermit is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family. It is found in forests and thickets from eastern Honduras south to western Panama, and in the Chocó of western Colombia and north-western Ecuador. It closely resembles the larger Rufous-breasted Hermit.-References:*A Guide to...
  
  
• Great-billed Hermit
  Great-billed Hermit
  The Great-billed Hermit is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family.It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela....
  
  
• Green Hermit
  Green Hermit
  The Green Hermit is a large hummingbird that is a resident breeder from southern Central America south to northwestern South America It is 5.3 in long and weighs 0.22 oz . The male Green Hermit is mainly dark green with a blue-green rump...
  
  
• Grey-chinned Hermit
  Grey-chinned Hermit
  The Grey-chinned Hermit is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family.It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, and - marginally - far norther Brazil....
  
  
• Long-billed Hermit
  Long-billed Hermit
  The Long-billed Hermit is a large hummingbird that is a resident breeder from central Mexico south to northwestern Colombia, extreme western Venezuela and western Ecuador...
  
  
• Reddish Hermit
  Reddish Hermit
  The Reddish Hermit is a species of bird in the Trochilidae family, the hummingbirds. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, and in the Guianas. At 7.5 cm and a weight under 3 grams, it is among the smallest of the hermits and smallest birds overall...
  
  
• Rufous-breasted Hermit
  Rufous-breasted Hermit
  The Rufous-breasted Hermit or Hairy Hermit is a hummingbird that breeds from Panama south to Bolivia, and on Trinidad, Tobago and Grenada. It is a widespread and generally common species, though local populations may change in numbers and disappear altogether in marginal habitat-Description:It...
  
  
• Sooty-capped Hermit
  Sooty-capped Hermit
  The Sooty-capped Hermit is a hummingbird from Venezuela, Colombia, Guyana and Brazil. It builds one of the most remarkable nests which hangs by a single stout cable of spiders' silk from some overhead support. These curious nests have been found beneath bridges, in highway culverts, and hanging...
  
  
• Stripe-throated Hermit
  Stripe-throated Hermit
  The Stripe-throated Hermit is a species of hummingbird from Central America and north-western South America. It is generally fairly common and considered Least Concern by BirdLife International....
  
  
• Tawny-bellied Hermit
  Tawny-bellied Hermit
  The Tawny-bellied Hermit, Phaethornis syrmatophorus, is a species of hummingbird. It is found in Colombia,Ecuador, and Peru.-References: Database entry includes justification for why this species is of least concern....
  
  
• White-whiskered Hermit
  White-whiskered Hermit
  The White-whiskered Hermit, Phaethornis yaruqui, is a hummingbird that is found in Colombia and Ecuador....
  
  
• Zigzag Heron
  Zigzag Heron
  The Zigzag Heron is a species of heron in the Ardeidae family, also including egrets and bitterns. It is in the monotypic genus Zebrilus....
  
  
• Purple Honeycreeper
  Purple Honeycreeper
  The Purple Honeycreeper, Cyanerpes caeruleus, is a small bird in the tanager family. It is found in the tropical New World from Colombia and Venezuela south to Brazil, and on Trinidad. A few, possibly introduced birds have been recorded on Tobago...
  
  
• Giant Hummingbird
  Giant Hummingbird
  The Giant Hummingbird is the largest member of the hummingbird family, weighing 18-24 g and measuring approximately 21.5 cm in length. This is approximately the length same length as a European Starling or a Northern Cardinal, though the Giant Hummingbird is considerably lighter due to its...
  
  
• Green-bellied Hummingbird
  Green-bellied Hummingbird
  The Green-bellied Hummingbird , also known as the Tepui Hummingbird and sometimes placed in the genus Saucerottia, is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family...
  
  
• Indigo-capped Hummingbird
  Indigo-capped Hummingbird
  The Indigo-capped Hummingbird , sometimes placed in the genus Saucerottia, is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family.It is found in Colombia...
  
  
• Ruby-topaz Hummingbird
  Ruby-topaz Hummingbird
  The Ruby-topaz Hummingbird , commonly referred to simply as the Ruby Topaz, is a small bird that breeds in the Lesser Antilles and tropical northern South America from Colombia, Venezuela and the Guyanas, south to central Brazil and northern Bolivia; also from Colombia into southern Panama. It is...
  
  
• Rufous-tailed Hummingbird
  Rufous-tailed Hummingbird
  The Rufous-tailed Hummingbird is a medium-sized hummingbird that breeds from east-central Mexico, through Central America and Colombia, east to western Venezuela and south through western Ecuador to near the border with Peru...
  
  
• Snowy-breasted Hummingbird
  Snowy-breasted Hummingbird
  The Snowy-bellied Hummingbird , sometimes placed in the genus Saucerottia, is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family...
  
  
• Speckled Hummingbird
  Speckled Hummingbird
  The Speckled Hummingbird , is a species of hummingbird. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.-External links:* on the Internet Bird Collection*; pbase.com...
  
  
• Steely-vented Hummingbird
  Steely-vented Hummingbird
  The Steely-vented Hummingbird is a medium-sized hummingbird that is a resident breeder from western Nicaragua to Costa Rica, and also in Colombia and northwestern Venezuela. The Central American birds differ in voice and behaviour from those in South America and may be a separate species, the ...
  
  
• Violet-bellied Hummingbird
  Violet-bellied Hummingbird
  The Violet-bellied Hummingbird is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family. It is monotypical for genus Damophila.It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, and Peru; it can occasionally be seen in Costa Rica....
  
  
• Buff-necked Ibis
  Buff-necked Ibis
  The Buff-necked Ibis , also known as the White-throated Ibis, is a fairly large ibis found widely in open habitats of eastern and northern South America...
  
  
• Brown Inca
  Brown Inca
  The Brown Inca is a species of hummingbird. It is found in Colombia and Ecuador....
  
  
• Collared Inca
  Collared Inca
  The Collared Inca is a species of hummingbird found in humid Andean forests from western Venezuela, through Colombia and Ecuador, to Peru and Bolivia. It is very distinctive and unique in having a white chest-patch and white on the tail...
  
  
• Bronzy Jacamar
  Bronzy Jacamar
  The Bronzy Jacamar is a species of bird in the Galbulidae family. It is found in north-central South America in the Amazon Basin and the Guianas....
  
  
• Green-tailed Jacamar
  Green-tailed Jacamar
  The Green-tailed Jacamar is a species of bird in the Galbulidae family.It is native to Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela. Its natural habitats are moist lowland forests, both tropical and subtropical, and heavily degraded former forest.-References:* IUCN 2008 Red List....
  
  
• Pale-headed Jacamar
  Pale-headed Jacamar
  The Pale-headed Jacamar is a species of bird in the Galbulidae family.It is found in Colombia and Venezuela. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests....
  
  
• Paradise Jacamar
  Paradise Jacamar
  The Paradise Jacamar, Galbula dea, is a small, approximately 30cm long bird with a long pointed tail, dark brown cap, white throat and long needle-like bill. It has dark greenish blue plumage with iridescent wings. Both sexes are similar....
  
  
• Rufous-tailed Jacamar
  Rufous-tailed Jacamar
  The Rufous-tailed Jacamar, Galbula ruficauda, is a near-passerine bird which breeds in the tropical New World in southern Mexico, Central America and South America as far south as southern Brazil and Ecuador....
  
  
• Yellow-billed Jacamar
  Yellow-billed Jacamar
  The Yellow-billed Jacamar is a species of bird in the Galbulidae family.It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela...
  
  
• White-necked Jacobin
  White-necked Jacobin
  The White-necked Jacobin is a large and attractive hummingbird that ranges from Mexico south to Peru, Bolivia and south Brazil...
  
  
• Green Jay
  Green Jay
  The Green Jay is a bird species of the New World jays, which exhibits distinct regional variations within its large but discontinuous range...
  
  
• American Pygmy Kingfisher
  American Pygmy Kingfisher
  The American Pygmy Kingfisher, Chloroceryle aenea, is a resident breeding bird which occurs in the American tropics from southern Mexico south through Central America to western Ecuador, and then around the northern Andes cordillera in the east to central Bolivia and central Brazil...
  
  
• Great Kiskadee
  Great Kiskadee
  The Great Kiskadee, Pitangus sulphuratus, is a passerine bird. It is a large tyrant flycatcher; sometimes its genus Pitangus is considered monotypic, with the Lesser Kiskadee The Great Kiskadee, Pitangus sulphuratus, is a passerine bird. It is a large tyrant flycatcher; sometimes its genus Pitangus...
  
  
• Long-wattled Umbrellabird
  Long-wattled Umbrellabird
  The Long-wattled Umbrellabird, Cephalopterus penduliger, is a bird found in the humid forests of the Chocó of western Colombia and Ecuador. It is sensitive to habitat destruction, and its large size make it easy to hunt...
  
  
• Blue-backed Manakin
  Blue-backed Manakin
  The Blue-backed Manakin, Chiroxiphia pareola, is a small passerine bird which breeds in tropical South America. It is found in southern Colombia, eastern Venezuela, the Guyanas, northeast Brazil, the Amazon Basin in Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru; and in Tobago. A disjunct population...
  
  
• Lance-tailed Manakin
  Lance-tailed Manakin
  The Lance-tailed Manakin, Chiroxiphia lanceolata, is a small passerine bird which breeds in tropical Central and South America from Costa Rica to northern Venezuela....
  
  
• Wire-tailed Manakin
  Wire-tailed Manakin
  The Wire-tailed Manakin is a species of bird in the Pipridae family.It is found upriver in the western Amazon Basin and the neighboring countries of northern Peru, eastern Ecuador and Colombia, and southern and western portions of Venezuela...
  
  
• Green-breasted Mango
  Green-breasted Mango
  The Green-breasted Mango is a hummingbird from tropical America. The scientific name of this bird commemorates the French naturalist Florent Prévost.- Description :...
  
  
• Tyrian Metaltail
  Tyrian Metaltail
  The Tyrian Metaltail is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family.It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela....
  
  
• Tropical Mockingbird
  Tropical Mockingbird
  The Tropical Mockingbird, Mimus gilvus, is a resident breeding bird from southern Mexico south to northern Brazil, and in the Lesser Antilles and other Caribbean islands. The birds in Panama and Trinidad may have been introduced. The Northern Mockingbird is its closest living relative, but the...
  
  
• Blue-crowned Motmot
  Blue-crowned Motmot
  The Blue-crowned Motmot, Momotus momota, is a colourful near-passerine bird found in forests and woodlands of eastern Mexico, Central America, northern and central South America, and Trinidad and Tobago...
  
  
• Rufous Motmot
  Rufous Motmot
  The Rufous Motmot, Baryphthengus martii, is a near-passerine bird which is a resident breeder in rain forests from northeastern Honduras south to western Ecuador, northeastern Bolivia, and southwestern Brazil....
  
  
• Mountain Grackle
  Mountain Grackle
  The Colombian Mountain Grackle , also known as the Mountain Grackle, is a species of bird in the Icteridae family.-Distribution and habitat:...
  
  
• Moustached Brush-finch
  Moustached Brush-finch
  The Moustached Brush Finch is a species of bird in the Emberizidae family.It is found in Colombia and Venezuela.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montanes and heavily degraded former forest.-References:...
  
  
• Multicoloured Tanager
  Multicoloured Tanager
  The Multicoloured Tanager is a species of bird in the Thraupidae family.It is endemic to Colombia.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montanes.It is threatened by habitat loss.-References:...
  
  
• Niceforo's Wren
  Niceforo's Wren
  The Niceforo's Wren is a species of bird in the Troglodytidae family. It is endemic to Colombia.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical high-altitude shrubland. It is threatened by habitat loss.-References:...
  
  
• Lesser Nighthawk
  Lesser Nighthawk
  The Lesser Nighthawk, Chordeiles acutipennis, is a nightjar found throughout a large part of the Americas.The adults are dark with brown, grey and white patterning on the upperparts and breast; the long upperwings are black and show a white bar in flight. The tail is dark with white barring; the...
  
  
• Northern Helmeted Curassow
• Brown Nunlet
  Brown Nunlet
  The Brown Nunlet is a species of puffbird in the Bucconidae family.It is found in the countries of Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru in a contiguous range at the eastern slopes of the Andes and the headwaters of the Amazon Basin....
  
  
• Rusty-breasted Nunlet
  Rusty-breasted Nunlet
  The Rusty-breasted Nunlet is a species of puffbird in the Bucconidae family.It is found in two major ranges, regions of the central Amazon Basin with parts of the Guianas; the second is in southeastern Brazil, with Paraguay and Argentina, including in the interior, the cerrado.It is found in...
  
  
• Oilbird
  Oilbird
  The Oilbird , also known as Guácharo, is a bird found in the northern areas of South America . They are nocturnal feeders on the fruits of the Oil Palm and tropical laurels, and are the only nocturnal fruit eating birds in the world...
  
  
• Baltimore Oriole
  Baltimore Oriole
  The Baltimore Oriole is a small icterid blackbird that averages 18 cm long and weighs 34 g. This bird received its name from the fact that the male's colors resemble those on the coat-of-arms of Lord Baltimore...
  
  
• Orchard Oriole
  Orchard Oriole
  The Orchard Oriole, Icterus spurius, is the smallest North American species of icterid blackbird. The subspecies of the Caribbean coast of Mexico, I. s. fuertesi, is sometimes considered a separate species, the Ochre Oriole....
  
  
• South American Yellow Oriole
  South American Yellow Oriole
  The Yellow Oriole, Icterus nigrogularis, is a passerine bird in the family Icteridae. It should not be confused with the Australasian Yellow Oriole, Oriolus flavocinctus, which is an Old World oriole...
  
  
• Pale-legged Warbler
  Pale-legged Warbler
  The Pale-legged Warbler is a species of bird in the Parulidae family. It is native to Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia and Peru. Its habitats include subtropical or tropical moist montane, as well as subtropical or tropical heavily degraded former forest....
  
  
• Parker's Antbird
  Parker's Antbird
  The Parker's Antbird is a species of bird in the Thamnophilidae family.It is endemic to Colombia.-References:* BirdLife International 2004. . Downloaded on 25 July 2007....
  
  
• Mealy Amazon
• Yellow-eared Parrot
  Yellow-eared Parrot
  The Yellow-eared Parrot , is an endangered parrot of tropical America. It is found in the western Andes in Colombia and Ecuador and is closely associated to the wax palm Ceroxylon sp. which is itself endangered.-Range and habitat:The Yellow-eared Parrot nests and lives among wax palms in a few...
  
  
• Green-rumped Parrotlet
  Green-rumped Parrotlet
  The Green-rumped Parrotlet, Forpus passerinus, is a small parrot. It is a resident breeding bird in tropical South America, from Caribbean regions of Colombia, Venezuela and Trinidad south and east to the Guianas and Brazil, on the downstream Amazon River...
  
  
• Western Wood Pewee
  Western Wood Pewee
  The Western Wood-Pewee, Contopus sordidulus, is a small tyrant flycatcher. Adults are gray-olive on the upperparts with light underparts, washed with olive on the breast. They have two wing bars and a dark bill with yellow at the base of the lower mandible. This bird is very similar in appearance...
  
  
• Black Phoebe
  Black Phoebe
  The Black Phoebe, Sayornis nigricans, is a passerine bird in the tyrant-flycatcher family. It breeds from southwest Oregon and California south through Central and South America. It occurs year-round throughout most of its range and migrates less than the other birds in its genus, though its...
  
  
• Band-tailed Pigeon
  Band-tailed Pigeon
  The Band-tailed Pigeon, Patagioenas fasciata, is a medium-sized bird of the Americas. Its closest relatives are the Chilean Pigeon and the Ring-tailed Pigeon, which form a clade of Patagioenas with a terminal tail band and iridescent plumage on their necks.It ranges from British Columbia, Utah, and...
  
  
• Ruddy Pigeon
  Ruddy Pigeon
  The Ruddy Pigeon, Patagioenas subvinacea, is a largish pigeon which breeds from Costa Rica south to western Ecuador, Bolivia and central Brazil. It belongs to a clade of small and rather plain species of Patagioenas with characteristic calls that constitute the subgenus Oenoenas...
  
  
• Short-billed Pigeon
  Short-billed Pigeon
  The Short-billed Pigeon, Patagioenas nigrirostris , is a largish pigeon which breeds from southern Mexico south to northwestern Colombia...
  
  
• Collared Puffbird
  Collared Puffbird
  The Collared Puffbird is a sit-and-wait hunting bird found across the northern region of South America in the Amazon Basin, southern Colombia and Venezuela, and the Guianas....
  
  
• Russet-throated Puffbird
  Russet-throated Puffbird
  The Russet-throated Puffbird is a near-passerine bird which breeds in tropical South America in northeastern Colombia and much of Venezuela, It is commonly named in Colombia as Bobito,Utta, Tol and Coludo....
  
  
• White-necked Puffbird
  White-necked Puffbird
  The White-necked Puffbird is a species of puffbird in the Bucconidae family.It is found in forest and woodland from southern Mexico, through Central America, to the Chocó, northern Colombia , northern Venezuela, and the western and southern Amazon Basin.It was formerly considered a subspecies of N...
  
  
• Puffleg
• Colorful Puffleg
  Colorful Puffleg
  The Colorful Puffleg is a critically endangered hummingbird endemic to Colombia.In 2005, Swarovski donated funds which allowed the American Bird Conservancy and Fundación ProAves to create a reserve for this species....
  
  
• Gorgeted Puffleg
  Gorgeted Puffleg
  The Gorgeted Puffleg is a hummingbird endemic to Colombia. This species was discovered in 2005, but not confirmed as new until 2007...
  
  
• Golden-headed Quetzal
  Golden-headed Quetzal
  The Golden-Headed Quetzal is a colorful bird native to highlands forests in South America.- Description :Males and females are approximately the same size, having a total length of ca. 35 cm and a weight of 160 g. as adults. Adult males are iridescent green with a golden cast to their heads,...
  
  
• White-tipped Quetzal
  White-tipped Quetzal
  The White-tipped Quetzal is a species of bird in the Trogonidae family.It is found in Venezuela, Colombia, and Guyana. In Venezuela and Colombia, three separated ranges occur, all contiguous and on the northern coasts. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane...
  
  
• Booted Racket-tail
  Booted Racket-tail
  The Booted Racket-tail is a species of hummingbird. It is found in the Andean cordillera of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela; Venezuela also has a population on the northern coast.-Description:...
  
  
• Red-bellied Grackle
  Red-bellied Grackle
  The Red-bellied Grackle is a species of bird in the Icteridae family. Its genus, Hypopyrrhus, is monotypic. It is endemic to Colombia. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.-References:* BirdLife International 2004. . Downloaded on...
  
  
• Royal Flycatcher
  Royal Flycatcher
  The Royal Flycatchers are birds in the genus Onychorhynchus in the tyrant flycatcher family. Depending on authority, it includes a single widespread, or four more localized species...
  
  
• Rufous-breasted Wren
  Rufous-breasted Wren
  The Rufous-breasted Wren, Pheugopedius rutilus, is a small songbird of the wren family . It was formerly placed in the genus Thryothorus which in the old, broad sense was a motley assemblage of similar-looking wrens....
  
  
• Rufous-fronted Parakeet
  Rufous-fronted Parakeet
  The Rufous-fronted Parakeet, Toui À Front Roux, or Catita Frentirrufa is a species of parrot in the Psittacidae family.It is endemic to Colombia....
  
  
• Rufous-tailed Antthrush
  Rufous-tailed Antthrush
  The Rufous-tailed Antthrush or Brazilian Antthrush is a species of bird in the Formicariidae family. It is endemic to Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil and far northeastern Argentina...
  
  
• Rusty-headed Spinetail
  Rusty-headed Spinetail
  The Rusty-headed Spinetail is a species of bird in the Furnariidae family.It is endemic to Colombia.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montanes and heavily degraded former forest....
  
  
• Santa Marta Antpitta
  Santa Marta Antpitta
  The Santa Marta Antpitta is a species of bird in the Formicariidae family.It is endemic to Colombia.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montanes.It is threatened by habitat loss.- Appearance :...
  
  
• Santa Marta Brush-finch
  Santa Marta Brush-finch
  The Santa Marta Brush Finch is a species of bird in the Emberizidae family. It is endemic to Colombia.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montanes and heavily degraded former forest.-References:...
  
  
• Santa Marta Bush-tyrant
  Santa Marta Bush-tyrant
  The Santa Marta Bush-tyrant is a species of bird in the Tyrannidae family.It is endemic to Colombia.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montanes.It is threatened by habitat loss....
  
  
• Santa Marta Mountain-tanager
  Santa Marta Mountain-tanager
  The Santa Marta Mountain-tanager , also known as the Black-cheeked Mountain-tanager, is a species of bird in the Thraupidae family. It is endemic to highland forest in the Santa Marta Mountains in Colombia...
  
  
• Santa Marta Parakeet
  Santa Marta Parakeet
  The Santa Marta Parakeet is a species of parrot in the Psittacidae family.It is endemic to Colombia.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.It is threatened by habitat loss.-References:...
  
  
• Santa Marta Tapaculo
  Santa Marta Tapaculo
  The Santa Marta Tapaculo is a species of bird in the Rhinocryptidae family. It is endemic to Colombia. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.-References:...
  
  
• Santa Marta Warbler
  Santa Marta Warbler
  The Santa Marta Warbler is a species of bird in the Parulidae family.It is endemic to the Santa Marta Mountains in Colombia.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montanes and heavily degraded former forest....
  
  
• Santa Marta Wren
  Santa Marta Wren
  The Santa Marta Wren is a species of bird in the Troglodytidae family.It is endemic to Colombia.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.It is threatened by habitat loss.-References:...
  
  
• Blue-chinned Sapphire
  Blue-chinned Sapphire
  The Blue-chinned Sapphire is a hummingbird that breeds from Colombia south and east to the Guianas, Trinidad, Peru, and Brazil. There have been occasional records from Tobago...
  
  
• Scarlet Macaw
  Scarlet Macaw
  The Scarlet Macaw is a large, colorful macaw. It is native to humid evergreen forests in the American tropics. Range extends from extreme south-eastern Mexico to Amazonian Peru, Bolivia and Brazil in lowlands up to up to...
  
  
• Black-necked Screamer
  Black-necked Screamer
  The Northern Screamer , also known as the Black-necked Screamer, is a large species of bird in the small family Anhimidae, the screamers. It is a resident breeder in northern Colombia, in Chocó, Antioquia, Córdoba, Sucre, Bolívar, Magdalena, Santander, and Cesar Departments and northwestern...
  
  
• Horned Screamer
  Horned Screamer
  The Horned Screamer is a member of a small family of birds, the Anhimidae, which occurs in wetlands of tropical South America...
  
  
• Variable Seedeater
  Variable Seedeater
  The Variable Seedeater, Sporophila corvina, is a passerine bird which breeds from southern Mexico through Central America to the Chocó of north-western South America. The taxonomy is confusing, and it was formerly considered a subspecies of Sporophila americana...
  
  
• Buff-tailed Sicklebill
  Buff-tailed Sicklebill
  The Buff-tailed Sicklebill is a species of hermit hummingbird from the lower Andes and adjacent west Amazonian lowlands from southern Colombia and northern Ecuador to Peru and Bolivia.-Description:...
  
  
• White-tipped Sicklebill
  White-tipped Sicklebill
  The White-tipped Sicklebill is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family.It is found in Costa Rica and Panama of Central America, and Colombia, Ecuador, and far northern Peru. There is also a single recent record from Mérida in Venezuela.Its natural habitat is the undergrowth of...
  
  
• Silvery-throated Spinetail
  Silvery-throated Spinetail
  The Silvery-throated Spinetail is a species of bird in the Furnariidae family.It is endemic to Colombia.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montanes and heavily degraded former forest.-References:...
  
  
• Red Siskin
  Red Siskin
  The Red Siskin, Carduelis cucullata, is a small passerine bird. This finch is a resident breeding bird in tropical South America in northern Colombia and northern Venezuela...
  
  
• Yellow-bellied Siskin
  Yellow-bellied Siskin
  The Yellow-bellied Siskin, Carduelis xanthogastra, is a small passerine bird in the finch family Fringillidae. It breeds from Costa Rica south to southern Ecuador, central Bolivia and the highlands of northwestern Venezuela....
  
  
• Sooty Ant-tanager
  Sooty Ant-tanager
  The Sooty Ant-tanager is a species of bird in the cardinal family ; formerly, it was placed with the true tanagers in the Thraupidae.It is endemic to Colombia...
  
  
• Sooty-capped Puffbird
  Sooty-capped Puffbird
  The Sooty-capped Puffbird is a species of puffbird in the Bucconidae family.It is endemic to Colombia.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and arable land.It is threatened by habitat loss....
  
  
• Orange-billed Sparrow
  Orange-billed Sparrow
  The Orange-billed Sparrow is a species of bird in the Emberizidae family.In Central America it is found in Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua and Panama...
  
  
• Blue-tufted Starthroat
  Blue-tufted Starthroat
  The Blue-Tufted Starthroat is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family.It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Paraguay, Uruguay, and possibly Ecuador, although not in Norway....
  
  
• Long-billed Starthroat
  Long-billed Starthroat
  The Long-billed Starthroat, Heliomaster longirostris, is a hummingbird that breeds from southern Mexico to Panama, from Colombia south and east to Bolivia and Brazil, and on Trinidad...
  
  
• Black Storm-petrel
  Black Storm-petrel
  The Black Storm Petrel is a small seabird of the storm-petrel family Hydrobatidae. It is 23 cm in length, with a wingspan of 46–51 cm....
  
  
• Least Storm-petrel
  Least Storm-petrel
  The Least Storm Petrel is a small seabird of the storm-petrel family Hydrobatidae. It is 13–15 cm in length, with a wingspan of 32 cm. It is the smallest member of the order Procellariiformes...
  
  
• Streak-capped Spinetail
  Streak-capped Spinetail
  The Streak-capped Spinetail is a species of bird in the Furnariidae family.It is endemic to Colombia.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and heavily degraded former forest.-References:...
  
  
• Gorgeted Sunangel
  Gorgeted Sunangel
  The Gorgeted Sunangel, Heliangelus strophianus, is a species of hummingbird. It is found in Colombia andEcuador....
  
  
• Orange-throated Sunangel
  Orange-throated Sunangel
  The Orange-Throated Sunangel is a species of hummingbird.It is found in Colombia and Venezuela.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and heavily degraded former forest.-References:...
  
  
• Tree Swallow
  Tree Swallow
  The Tree Swallow, Tachycineta bicolor, is a migratory passerine bird that breeds in North America and winters in Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean. It is a very rare vagrant to western Europe....
  
  
• Swallow-wing
  Swallow-wing
  The Swallow-winged Puffbird is a species of bird in the Bucconidae family, the puffbirds. It is also called the Swallow-wing...
  
  
• Short-tailed Swift
  Short-tailed Swift
  The Short-tailed Swift is a bird in the Apodidae, or swift family.-Taxonomy:The subspecies C. b. ocypetes is sometimes considered a full species, the Tumbes Swift Chaetura ocypetes Zimmer, 1953....
  
  
• Sick's Swift
  Sick's Swift
  The Sick's Swift is a species of swift in the Apodidae family. It was previously considered conspecific with the smaller Ashy-tailed Swift, but Marín found that Sick's Swift was closer to the Chimney Swift....
  
  
• Violet-tailed Sylph
  Violet-tailed Sylph
  -Brief Description:The Violet-tailed Sylph, Aglaiocercus coelestis, is a species of hummingbird. It is found in Colombia and Ecuador. Males average around 7 inches,, in height, while females average around 3.8 inches...
  
  
• Blue-gray Tanager
  Blue-gray Tanager
  The Blue-grey Tanager, Thraupis episcopus, is a medium-sized South American songbird of the Tanager family, Thraupidae. Its range is from Mexico south to northeast Bolivia and northern Brazil, all of the Amazon Basin, except the very south. It has been introduced to Lima...
  
  
• Fulvous-crested Tanager
  Fulvous-crested Tanager
  The Fulvous-crested Tanager is a species of bird in the Thraupidae family, the tanagers.It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela....
  
  
• Olive Tanager
  Olive Tanager
  The Olive Tanager , also known as Carmiol's Tanager , is a species of bird traditionally placed in the family Thraupidae , though some recent evidence suggest it is better placed in Cardinalidae .It is often split into two species:* Carmiol's Tanager The Olive Tanager (Chlorothraupis carmioli),...
  
  
• Paradise Tanager
  Paradise Tanager
  The Paradise Tanager, Tangara chilensis, is a brilliantly multicolored, medium-sized songbird whose length varies between 13.5 and 15 cm. It has a light green head, sky blue underparts and black upper body plumage. Depending on subspecies, the rump is yellow and red or all red...
  
  
• Scarlet Tanager
  Scarlet Tanager
  The Scarlet Tanager is a medium-sized American songbird. Formerly placed in the tanager family , it and other members of its genus are now classified in the cardinal family . The species's plumage and vocalizations are similar to other members of the cardinal family.-Description:Adults have pale...
  
  
• Turquoise Tanager
  Turquoise Tanager
  The Turquoise Tanager, Tangara mexicana, is a medium-sized passerine bird. This tanager is a resident bird from Trinidad, Colombia and Venezuela south to Bolivia and much of Brazil...
  
  
• White-shouldered Tanager
  White-shouldered Tanager
  The White-shouldered Tanager, Tachyphonus luctuosus, is a medium-sized passerine bird. This tanager is a resident breeder from Honduras to Panama, South America south to Ecuador and southern Brazil, and on Trinidad....
  
  
• Green Thorntail
  Green Thorntail
  The Green Thorntail is a small hummingbird that is a resident breeder from Costa Rica to western Ecuador. It occurs at middle elevations from 700-1400 m but may descend lower early in the wet season. In Costa Rica and Panama it is confined to the Caribbean slopes.This is a forest canopy species...
  
  
• Wire-crested Thorntail
  Wire-crested Thorntail
  The Wire-crested Thorntail is a hummingbird which occurs in Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.The male of the eastern slopes of the northern Andes, has elongated tail feathers that curve outward and taper from a broad base to a slender tip. The outermost is longest and each successive feather toward the...
  
  
• Bare-eyed Thrush
  Bare-eyed Thrush
  The Bare-eyed Thrush, Spectacled Thrush, or Yellow-eyed Thrush , is a resident breeding bird in the Lesser Antilles and in South America from Colombia and Venezuela south and east to northern Brazil...
  
  
• Wood Thrush
  Wood Thrush
  The Wood Thrush, Hylocichla mustelina, is a North American passerine bird. It is closely related to other thrushes such as the American Robin and is widely distributed across North America, wintering in Central America and southern Mexico...
  
  
• Barred Tinamou
  Barred Tinamou
  The Barred Tinamou, Crypturellus casiquiare, is a type of Tinamou commonly found in lowland moist forest in subtropical and tropical regions of northern South America.-Taxonomy:...
  
  
• Berlepsch's Tinamou
  Berlepsch's Tinamou
  The Berlepsch's Tinamou Crypturellus berlepschi is a type of ground bird found in moist forest in northwestern Colombia and northwestern Ecuador.This bird is named after Hans von Berlepsch to commemorate him.-Description:...
  
  
• Black Tinamou
  Black Tinamou
  The Black Tinamou is a species of ground bird found in humid foothill and montane forest in the Andes of South America. This threatened species is among the largest tinamous.-Taxonomy:...
  
  
• Brown Tinamou
  Brown Tinamou
  The Brown Tinamou is a dumpy, brownish ground bird found in humid lowland and montane forest in tropical and subtropical South America.-Taxonomy:...
  
  
• Choco Tinamou
  Choco Tinamou
  The Choco Tinamou or Chocó Tinamou, Crypturellus kerriae, is a type of Tinamou found in lowland forest and montane forest in subtropical and tropical regions of Colombia and Panama.-Description:...
  
  
• Cinereous Tinamou
  Cinereous Tinamou
  The Cinereous Tinamou Crypturellus cinereus is a type of ground bird found in swamp and lowland forests in northern South America. Cinereous Tinamou’s have been around for many centuries. They are part of the oldest families of the world today, and have fossils discovered dating back tens of...
  
  
• Colombian Tinamou
  Colombian Tinamou
  The Colombian Tinamou, Crypturellus erythropus columbianus, is a tinamou found in Córdoba, Sucre, Bolívar, and Antioquia in north-central Colombia. Little is known about it. It occurs in lowland moist forest and shrubland at elevation up to ....
  
  
• Great Tinamou
  Great Tinamou
  The Great Tinamou Tinamus major, also called Mountain hen is a species of tinamou ground bird native to Central and South America. There are several subspecies, mostly differentiated by their coloration:-Description:...
  
  
• Grey Tinamou
  Grey Tinamou
  The Grey Tinamou is a type of ground bird found throughout western and northern Brazil, eastern Ecuador, eastern Peru, Colombia east of the Andes, northern Venezuela, northern Bolivia, and Guyana.-Taxonomy:...
  
  
• Grey-legged Tinamou
  Grey-legged Tinamou
  The Grey-legged Tinamou, Crypturellus duidae, is a species of tinamou found in relatively dry, shrubby forests in the Amazon in South America.-Taxonomy:...
  
  
• Highland Tinamou
  Highland Tinamou
  The Highland Tinamou or Bonaparte's Tinamou, Nothocercus bonapartei is a type of ground bird found in montane moist forest typically over altitude.-Taxonomy:...
  
  
• Little Tinamou
  Little Tinamou
  The Little Tinamou, Crypturellus soui, is found in Central America and South America.-Etymology:Crypturellus is formed from three Latin or Greek words. kruptos meaning covered or hidden, oura meaning tail, and ellus meaning diminutive...
  
  
• Magdalena Tinamou
  Magdalena Tinamou
  The Magdalena Tinamou, Crypturellus erythropus saltuarius, is a member of one of the most ancient bird families, the tinamous. It is endemic to the Magdalena River Valley in Colombia, and has been considered possibly extinct, as there are no confirmed records since the type specimen was collected...
  
  
• Red-legged Tinamou
  Red-legged Tinamou
  The Red-legged Tinamou or Red-footed Tinamou,Crypturellus erythropus, is a dumpy, ground-dwelling bird found in the tropics and lower subtropics of northern South America..-Description:...
  
  
• Rusty Tinamou
  Rusty Tinamou
  The Rusty Tinamou or Short-billed Tinamou, Crypturellus brevirostris, is a type of Tinamou commonly found in swamp forest in tropical regions of South America..-Taxonomy:...
  
  
• Tawny-breasted Tinamou
  Tawny-breasted Tinamou
  The Tawny-breasted Tinamou Nothocercus julius is a type of ground bird found in montane moist forest. Their range is northwestern South America.-Taxonomy:...
  
  
• Undulated Tinamou
  Undulated Tinamou
  The Undulated Tinamou is a species of ground bird found in a wide range of wooded habitats in eastern and northern South America.-Etymology:...
  
  
• Variegated Tinamou
  Variegated Tinamou
  The Variegated Tinamou, Crypturellus variegatus, a type of Tinamou commonly found in moist forest lowlands in subtropical and tropical regions of northern South America.-Etymology:...
  
  
• White-throated Tinamou
  White-throated Tinamou
  The White-throated Tinamou, Tinamus guttatus is a species of bird native to the Amazon rainforest of Brazil, northern Bolivia, southeastern Colombia, northeastern Ecuador, eastern Peru and southern Venezuela.-Taxonomy:...
  
  
• Tolima Dove
  Tolima Dove
  The Tolima Dove is a species of bird in the Columbidae family.It is endemic to Colombia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and pastureland.It is threatened by habitat loss.-References:...
  
  
• Channel-billed Toucan
  Channel-billed Toucan
  The Channel-billed Toucan is a near-passerine bird which breeds in Trinidad and in tropical South America as far south as southern Brazil and central Bolivia.-Taxonomy:...
  
  
• Keel-billed Toucan
  Keel-billed Toucan
  The Keel-billed Toucan , also known as Sulfur-breasted Toucan or Rainbow-billed Toucan, is a colorful Latin American member of the toucan family. It is the national bird of Belize.- Description :...
  
  
• White-throated Toucan
  White-throated Toucan
  The White-throated Toucan is a near-passerine bird found throughout the Amazon in south-eastern Colombia, eastern Ecuador, eastern Peru, northern Bolivia, southern and eastern Venezuela, northern and western Brazil, including the Amazon Basin's adjacent Tocantins-Araguaia River drainage, and the...
  
  
• Emerald Toucanet
  Emerald Toucanet
  The Emerald Toucanet, Aulacorhynchus prasinus, is a near-passerine bird occurring in mountainous regions from Mexico, through Central America, to northern Venezuela and along the Andes as far south as central Bolivia...
  
  
• Groove-billed Toucanet
  Groove-billed Toucanet
  The Groove-billed Toucanet is a species of bird in the Ramphastidae family. It is found in mountains of northern Colombia and northern Venezuela. Its natural habitat is subtropical and upper tropical humid forest and woodland, occasionally also occurring in gardens. It includes the Yellow-billed...
  
  
• Slaty-tailed Trogon
  Slaty-tailed Trogon
  The Slaty-tailed Trogon, Trogon massena, is a near passerine bird in the trogon family, Trogonidae. It breeds in lowlands from southeastern Mexico south through Central America, to Colombia, and a small region of northwestern Ecuador....
  
  
• Grey-winged Trumpeter
  Grey-winged Trumpeter
  The Grey-winged Trumpeter is a member of a small family of birds, the Psophiidae. It is found in the northern Amazon Rainforest and Guiana Shield in tropical South America...
  
  
• Buffy Tuftedcheek
  Buffy Tuftedcheek
  The Buffy Tuftedcheek or Lawrence’s Tuftedcheek, Pseudocolaptes lawrencii, is a passerine bird in the ovenbird family, which breeds in the tropical New World in Costa Rica, western Panama and the Andes of Colombia and Ecuador. It is sometimes considered conspecific with the Streaked Tuftedcheek, P....
  
  
• Streaked Tuftedcheek
  Streaked Tuftedcheek
  The Streaked Tuftedcheek, Pseudocolaptes boissonneautii, is a passerine bird in the ovenbird family, which breeds in the tropical New World in the coastal mountains of Venezuela, and the Andes from Venezuela to Bolivia. It is sometimes considered conspecific with the Buffy Tuftedcheek, P...
  
  
• Turquoise Dacnis
  Turquoise Dacnis
  The Turquoise Dacnis is a species of bird in the Thraupidae family. It is endemic to Colombia. It is a rather distinct species of dacnis, formerly separated in the monotypic genus Pseudodacnis....
  
  
• Turquoise-throated Puffleg
  Turquoise-throated Puffleg
  The Turquoise-throated Puffleg , also known as Godin's Puffleg, is a possibly extinct hummingbird from Ecuador and Colombia.-Description:...
  
  
• Southern Beardless Tyrannulet
  Southern Beardless Tyrannulet
  The Southern Beardless Tyrannulet, Camptostoma obsoletum, is a small passerine bird in the tyrant flycatcher family. It breeds from Costa Rica through South America south to Paraguay, Bolivia, and Argentina.-Description:...
  
  
• Upper Magdalena Tapaculo
  Upper Magdalena Tapaculo
  The Upper Magdalena Tapaculo is a member of the tapaculos, a group of Neotropical birds. It was described as new to science in 2005....
  
  
• Velvet-fronted Euphonia
  Velvet-fronted Euphonia
  The Velvet-fronted Euphonia is a species of bird in the family Fringillidae, having recently been moved there from the Thraupidae....
  
  
• Violaceous Trogon
  Violaceous Trogon
  The Violaceous Trogon , also known as the Guianan Trogon, is a near passerine bird in the trogon family, Trogonidae. It is found in humid forests in the Amazon Basin of South America and on the island of Trinidad, although some authorities have argued for treating the west Amazonian population as...
  
  
• Brown Violet-ear
  Brown Violet-ear
  The Brown Violetear is a large hummingbird that breeds at middle elevations in the mountains in Central America, and western and northern South America with isolated populations on Trinidad and in the Brazilian state Bahia.The breeding habitat is forest at altitudes between 400-1600 m, but the...
  
  
• Green Violet-ear
  Green Violet-ear
  - Introduction :The Green Violetear is a medium-sized, metallic green hummingbird species commonly found in forested areas from Mexico to northern South America.- Taxonomy :...
  
  
• Sparkling Violet-ear
  Sparkling Violet-ear
  The Sparkling Violetear, Colibri coruscans, is a species of hummingbird. It is widespread in highlands of northern and western South America, including a large part of the Andes , the Venezuelan Coastal Range and the Tepuis...
  
  
• Black-and-white Warbler
  Black-and-white Warbler
  The Black-and-white Warbler is a small New World warbler. It breeds in northern and eastern North America from southern Canada to Florida....
  
  
• Black-throated Green Warbler
  Black-throated Green Warbler
  The Black-throated Green Warbler, Setophaga virens, is a small songbird of the New World warbler family.It is 12 cm long and weighs 9 g, and has an olive-green crown, a yellow face with olive markings, a thin pointed bill, white wing bars, an olive-green back and pale underparts with...
  
  
• Blackpoll Warbler
  Blackpoll Warbler
  The Blackpoll Warbler, Dendroica striata , is a New World warbler. Breeding males are mostly black and white. They have a prominent black cap, white cheeks and white wing bars. The Blackpoll breeds in northern North America, from Alaska, through most of Canada, and into the Great Lakes region and...
  
  
• Palm Warbler
  Palm Warbler
  The Palm Warbler, Dendroica palmarum, is a small songbird of the New World warbler family.The species comprises two distinct subspecies that may merit specific status....
  
  
• Prairie Warbler
  Prairie Warbler
  The Prairie Warbler, Dendroica discolor, is a small songbird of the New World warbler family.These birds have yellow underparts with dark streaks on the flanks, and olive upperparts with rusty streaks on the back; they have a yellow line above the eye, a dark line through it, and a yellow spot...
  
  
• Townsend's Warbler
  Townsend's Warbler
  The Townsend's Warbler, Dendroica townsendi, is a small songbird of the New World warbler family.These birds have a yellow face with a black stripe across their cheeks, a thin pointed bill, white wing bars, olive upperparts with black streaks on their backs and flanks, and a white belly...
  
  
• Yellow Warbler
  Yellow Warbler
  Dendroica petechia is a New World warbler species or superspecies; the subspecies group around D. aestiva is increasingly treated as good species Dendroica aestiva again. The name for the entire cryptic species complex is Mangrove Warbler, and another group of subspecies is known as Golden Warbler...
  
  
• Waved Albatross
  Waved Albatross
  The Waved Albatross, Phoebastria irrorata - also known as Galapagos Albatross - is the only member of the Diomedeidae family located in the tropics. When they forage, the Waved Albatross follow straight paths to a single site off the coast of Peru, about distant to the east...
  
  
• Cedar Waxwing
  Cedar Waxwing
  The Cedar Waxwing is a member of the family Bombycillidae or waxwing family of passerine birds. It breeds in open wooded areas in North America, principally southern Canada and the northern United States.-Description:...
  
  
• White-crowned Pigeon
  White-crowned Pigeon
  The White-crowned Pigeon is a species of bird in the family Columbidae . It inhabits the northern and central Caribbean islands and some places on the North and Central American mainland...
  
  
• White-lored Warbler
  White-lored Warbler
  The White-lored Warbler is a species of bird in the Parulidae family.It is endemic to the Santa Marta Mountains in Colombia....
  
  
• White-mantled Barbet
  White-mantled Barbet
  The White-mantled Barbet is a species of bird in the Capitonidae family.It is endemic to Colombia.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, pastureland, and plantations. It is threatened by habitat loss.-References:* BirdLife International 2004. . Downloaded on...
  
  
• Purple-bibbed Whitetip
  Purple-bibbed Whitetip
  The Purple-bibbed Whitetip, Urosticte benjamini, is a species of hummingbird. It is found in the humid Chocó in Colombia and Ecuador....
  
  
• Amazonian Barred-woodcreeper
  Amazonian Barred-woodcreeper
  The Amazonian Barred-woodcreeper is a species of bird in the Dendrocolaptinae subfamily, the woodcreepers. The Northern Barred-woodcreeper was formerly included in this species...
  
  
• Black-banded Woodcreeper
  Black-banded Woodcreeper
  The Black-banded Woodcreeper is a species of bird in the Dendrocolaptinae subfamily, the woodcreepers.It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.In South America it is...
  
  
• Straight-billed Woodcreeper
  Straight-billed Woodcreeper
  The Straight-billed Woodcreeper is a species of bird in the woodcreeper subfamily . Its genus, Dendroplex, was recently confirmed to be distinct from Xiphorhynchus....
  
  
• Violet-crowned Woodnymph
  Violet-crowned Woodnymph
  The Violet-crowned Woodnymph , also known as the Purple-crowned Woodnymph, is a medium-sized hummingbird found from Guatemala and Belize to northern Colombia and western Venezuela. It formerly included the Mexican and Green-crowned Woodnymphs as subspecies...
  
  
• Acorn Woodpecker
  Acorn Woodpecker
  The Acorn woodpecker is a medium-sized woodpecker, 21 cm long with an average weight of 85 g.-Description:...
  
  
• Ringed Woodpecker
  Ringed Woodpecker
  The Ringed Woodpecker is a species of bird in the Picidae family, the woodpeckers, piculets, and wrynecks.It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, the Amazon Basin and adjacent lower drainage of the Tocantins River in Pará state, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.Its...
  
  
• Yellow-throated Woodpecker
  Yellow-throated Woodpecker
  The Yellow-throated Woodpecker is a species of bird in the Picidae family, the woodpeckers, piculets, and wrynecks....
  
  
• Purple-throated Woodstar
  Purple-throated Woodstar
  The Purple-throated Woodstar, Calliphlox mitchellii, is a species of hummingbird, and it is one of the four Calliphlox genera, the woodstars. The species is found in Colombia and Ecuador, and a minor localized population in Panama, 600 km from its main species distribution.- External links :* on...
  
  
• Band-backed Wren
  Band-backed Wren
  The Band-backed Wren, Campylorhynchus zonatus, is a small songbird of the wren family.The Band-backed Wren is a resident breeding species from south-central Gulf Coast Mexico to northwestern Ecuador. It occurs in five disjunct areas, the central region being in southern Central America, in Costa...
  
  
• Stripe-backed Wren
  Stripe-backed Wren
  The Stripe-backed Wren, Campylorhynchus nuchalis, is a bird found in the savannas of northern Colombia and central Venezuela. It lives in dry, riparian woodland, or farmlands, and is found at heights up to 800 m....
  
  
• Yariguies Brush-finch
  Yariguies Brush-finch
  The Yariguies Brush-finch is a subspecies of the Yellow-breasted Brush-finch, discovered in 2004 in Colombia.-Description:...
  
  
• Yellow-crowned Redstart
  Yellow-crowned Redstart
  The Yellow-crowned Whitestart or Santa Marta Whitestart is a species of bird in the Parulidae family. It is endemic to the highland forest and woodland in the Santa Marta Mountains in Colombia. It is sometimes known by the less accurate Yellow-crowned Redstart.-References:* BirdLife International...
  
  
• Yellow-headed Brush-finch
  Yellow-headed Brush-finch
  The Yellow-headed Brush Finch is an endangered species of bird in the American sparrow and bunting family, Emberizidae. It is endemic to Colombia. The common name is a semi-literal translation of the scientific name, with Atlapetes referring to the brush-finch genus, and flaviceps meaning...
  
  
• Yellow-rumped Warbler
  Yellow-rumped Warbler
  Four closely related North American bird forms—the eastern Myrtle Warbler , its western counterpart, Audubon's Warbler , the northwest Mexican Black-fronted Warbler , and the Guatemalan Goldman's Warbler —are periodically lumped as the Yellow-rumped Warbler .-Classification:Since...
  
  

The national bird

The Andean condor

Andean Condor

The Andean Condor is a species of South American bird in the New World vulture family Cathartidae and is the only member of the genus Vultur...

 inhabits the Andes

Andes

The Andes is the world's longest continental mountain range. It is a continual range of highlands along the western coast of South America. This range is about long, about to wide , and of an average height of about .Along its length, the Andes is split into several ranges, which are separated...

 mountain range. Although it is primarily a scavenger

Scavenger

Scavenging is both a carnivorous and herbivorous feeding behavior in which individual scavengers search out dead animal and dead plant biomass on which to feed. The eating of carrion from the same species is referred to as cannibalism. Scavengers play an important role in the ecosystem by...

, feeding on carrion

Carrion

Carrion refers to the carcass of a dead animal. Carrion is an important food source for large carnivores and omnivores in most ecosystems. Examples of carrion-eaters include vultures, hawks, eagles, hyenas, Virginia Opossum, Tasmanian Devils, coyotes, Komodo dragons, and burying beetles...

, this species belongs to the New World vulture

New World vulture

The New World Vulture or Condor family Cathartidae contains seven species in fivegenera, all but one of which are monotypic. It includes five vultures and two condors found in warm and temperate areas of the Americas....

 family Cathartidae.

The condor is one of the largest birds on Earth with a wingspan ranging from 274–310 cm (108–122 in) and weighting up to 11–15 kg (24–33 lb) for males and 7.5–11 kg (16–24 lb) for females, but overall length can range from 117 to 135 cm (46 to 53 inches).

The adult plumage

Plumage

Plumage refers both to the layer of feathers that cover a bird and the pattern, colour, and arrangement of those feathers. The pattern and colours of plumage vary between species and subspecies and can also vary between different age classes, sexes, and season. Within species there can also be a...

 is of a uniform black, with the exception of a frill of white feathers nearly surrounding the base of the neck and, especially in the male, large patches or bands of white on the wings which do not appear until the completion of the first moulting.

Mammals

There are 456 reported species of mammals in Colombia. Of these, about 22% are endangered or critically endangered

Critically endangered

Version 2010.3 of the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species identified 3744 Critically Endangered species, subspecies and varieties, stocks and subpopulations.Critically Endangered by kingdom:*1993 Animalia*2 Fungi*1745 Plantae*4 Protista-References:...

. Most of the threatened species status are due to human activities, in particular destruction of plant and animal habitats

Habitat (ecology)

A habitat is an ecological or environmental area that is inhabited by a particular species of animal, plant or other type of organism...

 driven by local consumption

Ingestion

Ingestion is the consumption of a substance by an organism. In animals, it normally is accomplished by taking in the substance through the mouth into the gastrointestinal tract, such as through eating or drinking...

 of organic resources, especially related to tropical forest destruction.

While most of the species that are becoming extinct are not food species, their biomass

Biomass (ecology)

Biomass, in ecology, is the mass of living biological organisms in a given area or ecosystem at a given time. Biomass can refer to species biomass, which is the mass of one or more species, or to community biomass, which is the mass of all species in the community. It can include microorganisms,...

 is converted into human food when their habitat is transformed into pasture

Pasture

Pasture is land used for grazing. Pasture lands in the narrow sense are enclosed tracts of farmland, grazed by domesticated livestock, such as horses, cattle, sheep or swine. The vegetation of tended pasture, forage, consists mainly of grasses, with an interspersion of legumes and other forbs...

 and cropland.

Colombia has the largest number of terrestrial mammal

Mammal

Mammals are members of a class of air-breathing vertebrate animals characterised by the possession of endothermy, hair, three middle ear bones, and mammary glands functional in mothers with young...

s species in the world, including among others:

• Colombian Woolly Monkey
  Colombian Woolly Monkey
  The Colombian woolly monkey, Lagothrix lugens, is a critically endangered species of woolly monkey from Colombia and possibly also Venezuela.-References:...
  
  
• Colombian Black-handed Titi
  Colombian Black-handed Titi
  The Colombian black-handed titi, Callicebus medemi, is a species of titi, a type of New World monkey, endemic to Colombia.-References:...
  
  
• Coppery Titi
  Coppery Titi
  The coppery titi, Callicebus cupreus, is a species of titi, a type of New World monkey, from South America. It is found in the Amazon of Brazil and Peru, and perhaps Bolivia.-External links:*...
  
  
• Lucifer Titi
  Lucifer Titi
  The Lucifer titi, Callicebus lucifer, is a species of titi, a type of New World monkey, from South America. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru....
  
  
• Black Titi
  Black Titi
  The black titi, Callicebus lugens, is a species of titi, a type of New World monkey, from South America. It is found in Brazil, Colombia and Venezuela....
  
  
• Collared Titi
  Collared Titi
  The collared titi, Callicebus torquatus, is a species or a closely related complex of species of titi, a type of New World monkey, from South America.- Taxonomy :...
  
  
• Ornate Titi
  Ornate Titi
  The ornate titi, Callicebus ornatus, is a species of titi, a type of New World monkey, endemic to Colombia.-References:...
  
  
• White-fronted Capuchin
  White-fronted Capuchin
  The white-fronted capuchin, Cebus albifrons, is a species of capuchin monkey, a type of New World primate, found in seven different countries in South America: Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, and Trinidad and Tobago...
  
  
• Atelopus ebenoides
  Atelopus ebenoides
  The painted frog , a species of true toad, lives only in Colombia. It consists of two populations: the southern population lives in the southern Colombian Andes in the Cauca and Huila Departments...
  
  
• Giant Anteater
  Giant Anteater
  The Giant Anteater, Myrmecophaga tridactyla, is the largest species of anteater. It is the only species in the genus Myrmecophaga. It is found in Central and South America from Honduras to northern Argentina...
  
  
• Giant Armadillo
  Giant Armadillo
  The giant armadillo , colloquially tatou, ocarro, tatu-canastra or tatú carreta, is the largest living species of armadillo...
  
  
• Greater Long-nosed Armadillo
  Greater Long-nosed Armadillo
  The Great Long-nosed Armadillo, Dasypus kappleri, is a species of armadillo from South America. It is found in Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Peru, Bolivia and Brazil. It's a solitary nocturnal and terrestrial animal, living, usually, in the vicinity of streams and...
  
  
• Hoffmann's Two-toed Sloth
  Hoffmann's Two-toed Sloth
  Hoffmann's two-toed sloth is a species of sloth from Central and South America. It is a solitary nocturnal and arboreal animal, found in mature and secondary rainforests and deciduous forests...
  
  
• Linnaeus's Two-toed Sloth
  Linnaeus's Two-toed Sloth
  Linnaeus's two-toed sloth , also known as the Southern two-toed sloth or unau, is a species of sloth from South America, found in Venezuela, the Guyanas, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Brazil north of the Amazon River....
  
  
• Myrmecophagidae
  Myrmecophagidae
  Myrmecophagidae is a family of anteaters, the name being derived from the Ancient Greek words for 'ant' and 'eat' . Myrmecophagids are native to Central and South America, from southern Mexico to northern Argentina. There are 2 genera and 3 species in the family, consisting of the Giant Anteater,...
  
  
• Nine-banded Armadillo
  Nine-banded Armadillo
  The nine-banded armadillo , or the nine-banded, long-nosed armadillo, is a species of armadillo found in North, Central, and South America, making it the most widespread of the armadillos...
  
  
• Pale-throated Three-toed Sloth
  Pale-throated Three-toed Sloth
  The Pale-throated sloth is a species of three-toed sloth that inhabits tropical rainforests in northern South America. It is similar in appearance to, and often confused with, the brown-throated sloth, which has a much wider distribution...
  
  
• Pygmy Marmoset
  Pygmy Marmoset
  The pygmy marmoset or dwarf monkey is a New World monkey native to the rainforest canopies of western Brazil, southeastern Colombia, eastern Ecuador, eastern Peru, and northern Bolivia. It is one of the smallest primates, and the smallest true monkey, with its body length ranging from...
  
  
• Silky Anteater
  Silky Anteater
  The Silky Anteater or Pygmy Anteater is a species of anteater from Central and South America, ranging from extreme southern Mexico south to Brazil Delta Amacuro Venezuela and possibly Paraguay...
  
  
• Southern Naked-tailed Armadillo
  Southern Naked-tailed Armadillo
  The Southern Naked-tailed Armadillo, Cabassous unicinctus, is a small species of armadillo from South America. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, Peru, Bolivia and Brazil....
  
  
• Southern Tamandua
  Southern Tamandua
  The southern tamandua, also called a collared anteater, or lesser anteater , is a species of anteater from South America. It is a solitary animal, found in many habitats from mature to highly disturbed secondary forests and arid savannas. It feeds on ants, termites and bees...
  
  
• Spectacled bear
  Spectacled Bear
  The spectacled bear , also known as the Andean bear and locally as ukuko, jukumari or ucumari, is the last remaining short-faced bear and the closest living relative to the Florida spectacled bear and short-faced bears of the Middle Pleistocene to Late Pleistocene age.The spectacled bear is a...
  
  
• Tamandua
  Tamandua
  Tamandua is a genus of anteaters. It has two members: the Southern Tamandua and the Northern Tamandua . They live in forests and grasslands, are semi-arboreal, and possess partially prehensile tails. They mainly eat ants and termites, but they occasionally eat bees, beetles, and insect larvae...
  
  
• Two-toed sloth
  Two-toed sloth
  Choloepus is a genus of mammals of Central and South America, within the family Megalonychidae consisting of two-toed sloths. There are only two species of Choloepus : Linnaeus's Two-toed Sloth and Hoffmann's Two-toed Sloth...
  
  
• Brown-throated Three-toed Sloth
  Brown-throated Three-toed Sloth
  The brown-throated sloth is a species of three-toed sloth. It is the most common of the four species of three-toed sloth, and is found in the forests of South and Central America.-Description:...
  
  
• Amazonian Manatee
  Amazonian Manatee
  The Amazonian Manatee is a species of manatee that lives in the freshwater habitats of the Amazon basin. They are found in Brazil, Peru, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana and Venezuela. Amazonian manatees are aquatic animals of the Sirenia order and are also known as "seacows". Their colour is grey but...
  
  
• West Indian Manatee
  West Indian Manatee
  The West Indian Manatee is a manatee, and the largest surviving member of the aquatic mammal order Sirenia . The West Indian Manatee, Trichechus manatus, is a species distinct from the Amazonian Manatee, T. inunguis, and the West African Manatee, T. senegalensis...
  
  

Amphibians

Colombia has the largest number of amphibians in the world (including frog

Frog

Frogs are amphibians in the order Anura , formerly referred to as Salientia . Most frogs are characterized by a short body, webbed digits , protruding eyes and the absence of a tail...

s, toad

Toad

A toad is any of a number of species of amphibians in the order Anura characterized by dry, leathery skin , short legs, and snoat-like parotoid glands...

s, salamander

Salamander

Salamander is a common name of approximately 500 species of amphibians. They are typically characterized by a superficially lizard-like appearance, with their slender bodies, short noses, and long tails. All known fossils and extinct species fall under the order Caudata, while sometimes the extant...

s and caecilian

Caecilian

The caecilians are an order of amphibians that superficially resemble earthworms or snakes. They mostly live hidden in the ground, making them the least familiar order of amphibians. All extant caecilians and their closest fossil relatives are grouped as the clade Apoda. They are mostly...

s) with 208 endangered species, being the zoological group with the highest rate of endangerment. Some causes related with the decline of the amphibians are: chytridiomycosis

Chytridiomycosis

Chytridiomycosis is an infectious disease of amphibians, caused by the chytrid Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, a non-hyphal zoosporic fungus. Chytridiomycosis has been linked to dramatic population declines or even extinctions of amphibian species in western North America, Central America, South...

, habitat destruction

Habitat destruction

Habitat destruction is the process in which natural habitat is rendered functionally unable to support the species present. In this process, the organisms that previously used the site are displaced or destroyed, reducing biodiversity. Habitat destruction by human activity mainly for the purpose of...

, drought

Drought

A drought is an extended period of months or years when a region notes a deficiency in its water supply. Generally, this occurs when a region receives consistently below average precipitation. It can have a substantial impact on the ecosystem and agriculture of the affected region...

, air pollution

Air pollution

Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or cause damage to the natural environment or built environment, into the atmosphere....

, water pollution

Water pollution

Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies . Water pollution occurs when pollutants are discharged directly or indirectly into water bodies without adequate treatment to remove harmful compounds....

and illegal trade.

Molluscs

There are more than 80 genera of land gastropods in (continental) Colombia.