Abdisho IV Maron
Encyclopedia
Mar Abdisho IV Maron was the second Patriarch of the Chaldean Catholic Church
, from 1555 to 1570.
, was born in Gazarta on the River Tigris
, son of Yohannan of the house of Mari. He entered in the monasteries of Saint Antony and of Mar Ahha and Yohannan, and in 1554 was consecrated metropolitan bishop
of Gazarta by Shimun VIII Yohannan Sulaqa
.
After Sulaqa's death in 1555, Abdisho was elected patriarch of the Chaldean Church. He could travel to Rome
only in 1561. On 7 March 1562 Abdisho made a profession of faith in front of pope Pius IV
and on 17 April 1562 he received from the pope the pallium
, the sign of the confirmation of his election.
In a letter of him dated 1562 to the pope he listed thirty-eight dioceses under his rule, ranging from the Ottoman Empire
to the Persia and India
. Modern scholars suggest that the actual dioceses could be only about fourteen, and the error in the list was due to a probable mistake in translation from Syriac
to Latin
.
He preferred to return to his church without waiting for attending the next session of the Council of Trent
, where, on 17 Sept 1562 (XXII session), was given a detailed account of what he narrated about his Church and his faith. The Portuguese
bishops excepted when it was narrated that Abdisho considered the jurisdiction of the Church of the East wide-ranging up to South India
.
About his reign, we know that in 1565 the pope confirmed the use of the traditional Chaldean uses and rites, and that he moved the See
from Amid to the monastery of Mar Yaqub Khbhisha near Siirt
.
Among the different possible dates of Abdisho's death, Murre suggests the 11 September 1570.
's life. He should not be confused with Abdisho bar Berika
who lived in the 13th - 14th century and was a prolific writer.
's opera Palestrina
, in which he is one of the prelates attending the Council of Trent.
Chaldean Catholic Church
The Chaldean Catholic Church , is an Eastern Syriac particular church of the Catholic Church, maintaining full communion with the Bishop of Rome and the rest of the Catholic Church...
, from 1555 to 1570.
Life
Abdisho, whose name is spelled in many different ways (Abdisu, Abd-Jesu, Hebed-Jesu, Abdissi, Audishu) meaning Servant of JesusJesus
Jesus of Nazareth , commonly referred to as Jesus Christ or simply as Jesus or Christ, is the central figure of Christianity...
, was born in Gazarta on the River Tigris
Tigris
The Tigris River is the eastern member of the two great rivers that define Mesopotamia, the other being the Euphrates. The river flows south from the mountains of southeastern Turkey through Iraq.-Geography:...
, son of Yohannan of the house of Mari. He entered in the monasteries of Saint Antony and of Mar Ahha and Yohannan, and in 1554 was consecrated metropolitan bishop
Metropolitan bishop
In Christian churches with episcopal polity, the rank of metropolitan bishop, or simply metropolitan, pertains to the diocesan bishop or archbishop of a metropolis; that is, the chief city of a historical Roman province, ecclesiastical province, or regional capital.Before the establishment of...
of Gazarta by Shimun VIII Yohannan Sulaqa
Shimun VIII Yohannan Sulaqa
Mar Shimun VIII Yohannan Sulaqa was the first Patriarch of the Chaldean Catholic Church, from 1553 to 1555....
.
After Sulaqa's death in 1555, Abdisho was elected patriarch of the Chaldean Church. He could travel to Rome
Rome
Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...
only in 1561. On 7 March 1562 Abdisho made a profession of faith in front of pope Pius IV
Pope Pius IV
Pope Pius IV , born Giovanni Angelo Medici, was Pope from 1559 to 1565. He is notable for presiding over the culmination of the Council of Trent.-Biography:...
and on 17 April 1562 he received from the pope the pallium
Pallium
The pallium is an ecclesiastical vestment in the Roman Catholic Church, originally peculiar to the Pope, but for many centuries bestowed by him on metropolitans and primates as a symbol of the jurisdiction delegated to them by the Holy See. In that context it has always remained unambiguously...
, the sign of the confirmation of his election.
In a letter of him dated 1562 to the pope he listed thirty-eight dioceses under his rule, ranging from the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
to the Persia and India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
. Modern scholars suggest that the actual dioceses could be only about fourteen, and the error in the list was due to a probable mistake in translation from Syriac
Syriac language
Syriac is a dialect of Middle Aramaic that was once spoken across much of the Fertile Crescent. Having first appeared as a script in the 1st century AD after being spoken as an unwritten language for five centuries, Classical Syriac became a major literary language throughout the Middle East from...
to Latin
Latin
Latin is an Italic language originally spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. It, along with most European languages, is a descendant of the ancient Proto-Indo-European language. Although it is considered a dead language, a number of scholars and members of the Christian clergy speak it fluently, and...
.
He preferred to return to his church without waiting for attending the next session of the Council of Trent
Council of Trent
The Council of Trent was the 16th-century Ecumenical Council of the Roman Catholic Church. It is considered to be one of the Church's most important councils. It convened in Trent between December 13, 1545, and December 4, 1563 in twenty-five sessions for three periods...
, where, on 17 Sept 1562 (XXII session), was given a detailed account of what he narrated about his Church and his faith. The Portuguese
Portuguese people
The Portuguese are a nation and ethnic group native to the country of Portugal, in the west of the Iberian peninsula of south-west Europe. Their language is Portuguese, and Roman Catholicism is the predominant religion....
bishops excepted when it was narrated that Abdisho considered the jurisdiction of the Church of the East wide-ranging up to South India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
.
About his reign, we know that in 1565 the pope confirmed the use of the traditional Chaldean uses and rites, and that he moved the See
Episcopal See
An episcopal see is, in the original sense, the official seat of a bishop. This seat, which is also referred to as the bishop's cathedra, is placed in the bishop's principal church, which is therefore called the bishop's cathedral...
from Amid to the monastery of Mar Yaqub Khbhisha near Siirt
Siirt
- External links :* * * *...
.
Among the different possible dates of Abdisho's death, Murre suggests the 11 September 1570.
Works
Abdisho left a poem in which he narrated the events of Yohannan SulaqaShimun VIII Yohannan Sulaqa
Mar Shimun VIII Yohannan Sulaqa was the first Patriarch of the Chaldean Catholic Church, from 1553 to 1555....
's life. He should not be confused with Abdisho bar Berika
Abdisho bar Berika
Abdisho bar Berika or Ebedjesu was a Syrian Christian writer.Abdisho was first bishop of Shiggar and the province of Bet 'Arbaye around 1285 and from before 1291 metropolitan of Nisibis and Armenia.-References:...
who lived in the 13th - 14th century and was a prolific writer.
Mentions in literature and art
Abdisho is a character in Hans PfitznerHans Pfitzner
Hans Erich Pfitzner was a German composer and self-described anti-modernist. His best known work is the post-Romantic opera Palestrina, loosely based on the life of the great sixteenth-century composer Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina.-Biography:Pfitzner was born in Moscow, Russia, where his...
's opera Palestrina
Palestrina (opera)
Palestrina is an opera by the German composer Hans Pfitzner, first performed in 1917. The composer referred to it as a Musikalische Legende , and wrote the libretto himself, based on a legend about the Renaissance musician Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina, who saves the art of contrapuntal music ...
, in which he is one of the prelates attending the Council of Trent.