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University college
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The term "university college" is used in a number of countries to denote institutions that provide tertiary education but do not have full or independent university status. A university college is often part of a larger university. The precise usage varies from country to country.
a class="link1" onMouseover='showByLink("m988278",this)' onMouseout='hide("m988278")'href="http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics/Australia">Australia, the term University College was used to refer to educational institutions that were like universities, but lacked full autonomy.
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The term "university college" is used in a number of countries to denote institutions that provide tertiary education but do not have full or independent university status. A university college is often part of a larger university. The precise usage varies from country to country.
Australia
In Australia, the term University College was used to refer to educational institutions that were like universities, but lacked full autonomy. The Latrobe University College of Northern Victoria was one such college. University colleges existing today generally cater for specific subjects (such as Theology, or the Arts). UNSW@ADFA was previously known as the University College, ADFA, and it provides the tertiary education component of officer cadet training at the Australian Defence Force Academy. It is a branch of the University of New South Wales.
Additionally, some residential colleges associated with universities are named "University College". These halls of residence are common in Australian universities and primarily provide accommodation to students. They may also provide academic support (such as tutorials) and social activities to residents. University College, Melbourne, formerly University Women's College, is one such residential college. It is affiliated with the University of Melbourne.
Canada
In Canada, "University College" has three meanings: a degree-granting institution; an institution that offers university-level coursework; or a university college of a university, such as the University of Toronto and Laurentian University.
"University College" can refer to institutions that offer both college diplomas and undergraduate degrees.
The title "University College" is extensively used by institutions that do not have full university status, but which do extensive teaching at degree level. The title "university" is protected by federal law in Canada, but the title "college" is only regulated in some Canadian provinces. Some Canadian university colleges are public institutions, some are private; some are regulated by government agencies, others are not. Information about the status of particular institutions can be found at the CICIC web site listed below. Institutions that are members of the Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada (AUCC) can be generally be accepted as providing university-level programs.
"University College" is also the name of a Canadian educational institution. University College is the name of a constituent college of the University of Toronto.
India
In India several educational institutes bear the name University College. These institutes conducts bachelor's degree, master's degree, and diploma programs. Some colleges among them include the University College of Engineering, Thodupuzha,University College of Engineering, Kariavattom, etc.
Ireland
The National University of Ireland and Queen's University Belfast were based on the UK university college system both set up in 1908 before the establishment of the Republic of Ireland and having roots in the earlier Queen's University of Ireland which was also a university college-type system. The university colleges of the National University have since been raised to the status of universities—as they were considered for many years before statute recognition—but the system still maintains its overall federal status. Queen's University Belfast initially had no university colleges and the first university college was created in 1985 (St Mary's) and second in 1999 (Stranmillis), these two institutions previously were associated with the university, offering its degrees since 1968.
New Zealand
Nearly all New Zealand universities were originally described as "University Colleges", and were constituent parts of a Federal body, the University of New Zealand. All of these are now fully independent. For example, the former Canterbury University College is now the University of Canterbury.
There is a specific university hall of residence named "University College" at the Otago University.
Sweden and Norway
In Sweden and Norway, the Swedish term högskola or the Norwegian term høyskole or høgskole denotes an independent institution that provides tertiary education but not quaternary education. In contrast to proper universities, these institutions do not themselves conduct extensive research, nor do they offer a great variety of academic subjects, and they generally do not grant degrees above the bachelor's degree. They can however participate in research projects which are under the supervisory authority of a proper university. Under special circumstances they may also award a limited number of master's degrees or perhaps a doctor's degree in only very few academic disciplines.
"University College" is the official English translation by the Swedes and Norwegians, although this terminology may be misleading as they are not "colleges" of another "university" as one may understand the word literally, but rather institutions in their own right and standing. The Swedish term högskola and the Norwegian term høyskole/høgskole would be "high school" in a word-by-word translation, and this translation is misleading, too. Proper translations of högskola/høyskole are college, vocational college, academy or community college. Some of these colleges do aspire a lift to full university status by the Swedish or Norwegian government, and have therefore changed their translated English name to "university", although they are not a university by Swedish and Norwegian law. A full university in Sweden and Norway craves extensive own research, a breadth of academic disciplines and a licence to award doctor's degrees in all fields it teaches. All or several of these requirements are not met by the högskola/høyskole.
The term högskola/høyskole is also used by a number of specialised universities, especially the technical universities, which provide both tertiary and quaternary education, as well as conduct research. These are not considered as university colleges, but rather as specialised universities.
Finland
A classical university with several colleges is called yliopisto in Finnish. However, some specialized universities are called korkeakoulu, because unlike classical universities, they focus only on one discipline, even though they have the same status as an yliopisto. For example, Teatterikorkeakoulu, a theater school, can be considered a single "theater college".
The vocational universities, however, are called ammattikorkeakoulu. The potential for confusion has led some korkeakoulus to change their name to yliopisto, abandoning the distinction between the terms yliopisto and korkeakoulu. Additionally three Greater Helsinki-based korkeakoulus, Helsinki University of Technology, University of Art and Design Helsinki and Helsinki School of Economics, have opted to merge to form the Aalto University, Aalto-yliopisto.
United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, the term university college is used to denote an institution that teaches degree programs, and may carry out research, but is not recognised as a university. All university colleges must have independent taught degree awarding powers (though some still choose to have their degrees awarded by other institutions). Like "University", the title "University College" is legally protected, and to use it requires government approval. However, it is generally speaking seen as carrying less prestige than "University", and many university colleges became universities in September 2005 with others seeking to gain the status within the next couple of years.
Many well established British universities started out as university colleges, teaching external degrees of the University of London. Examples include the University of Nottingham (which was University College Nottingham when D. H. Lawrence attended it) and the University of Exeter, which until 1955 was the University College of the South West of England. This was the recognised route for establishing new universities in the United Kingdom during the first half of the twentieth century.
A related but slightly different use of the term formerly existed in the federal University of Wales; some of its constituent colleges took titles such as "University College Swansea". These colleges were to all intents and purposes independent universities (the federal university's powers being largely restricted to the formal awarding of degrees). In 1996, the University of Wales was reorganised to admit two former higher education institutions and the older members became "Constituent Institutions" rather than colleges and were renamed along the lines of University of Wales, Swansea.
Finally, there are several specific British institutions named "University College", including but not limited to:
- University College, Durham is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Durham; founded in 1832, it is the foundation Durham college.
- University College, Oxford is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford; founded in 1249, it claims to be the oldest Oxbridge college.
- University College London is the oldest of the constituent colleges of the federal University of London, and one of the largest institutions of higher education in the United Kingdom. Like the colleges within the University of Wales, it is to many intents and purposes an independent university, but in contrast has made no moves towards altering its name, and shares substantial academic and support resources with other colleges of the University.
- Wolfson College, Cambridge was named University College from its foundation in 1965 until its endowment by the Wolfson Foundation in 1972.
United States
Universities such as Washington University in Saint Louis, Arizona State University, Rutgers University, California State University, Long Beach, the University of Denver, the University of Louisiana at Lafayette, the University of Maine, Syracuse University, and the University of Toledo use "University College" for the name of the division dedicated to continuing education and the needs of the non-traditional student.
The University of Maryland University College is a separate institution dedicated to non-traditional education.
The University of Rhode Island and the University of Oklahoma enroll all of their new students into their programs under the name of "University College", which does not grant degrees, but instead provides orientation, academic advising, and support for honors students, probationary students, student athletes, and students undecided in their choice of academic major.
See also
External links
Canada
India
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