TCDD 45151 Class
Encyclopedia
The TCDD 45151 Class is a class of 2-8-0
steam locomotive
s which were acquired from the British
War Department
to the LMS Stanier Class 8F
design.
s similar to the TCDD 56001 Class, derived from the German BR 42, for TCDD at the original price and conditions. (These locomotives were eventually delivered after the war as the TCDD 56080 Class). However, Nazi Germany
stepped in to offer neutral Turkey DRG BR 52
-type Kriegsloks which became the 56501 Class
. Diplomatically embarrassed, the British offered the Turks 25 of the LMS Stanier Class 8F
2-8-0
s, which had been adopted by the War Department
as their standard heavy freight locomotive.
The engines selected were built by the North British Locomotive Company
of Glasgow
. Originally intended for WD service but the Fall of France saw them earmarked for the LMS
before they were diverted to Turkey.
and the Suez Canal
since the Mediterranean was too dangerous for Allied shipping. Seven failed to complete the journey. The vessel transporting them, the SS Jessmore, was involved in a collision in the Atlantic with another ship in the convoy on 19 February 1941. The Jessmore sank with the loss of its cargo a few days later. Three more received the same watery fate when the MV Berhala was torpedoed by U-38 on 23 May 1941 off Freetown
, Sierra Leone
. The lost engines were:
in Egypt
and went overland to Turkey where they were renumbered 45151-68. Re-erection was in Sivas under the direction of R.G. Jarvis of the LMS. In 1943 they were joined by 2 more classmates, (45169/70) taking the class number to 20, in lieu of the lost engines. These were joined by a gift of 29 of the Lend-Lease
S200 Class
2-8-2
s which formed the TCDD 46201 Class
.
Designed for British conditions, the 8Fs were not really suited to Turkish circumstances. Though large for British engines, they were underpowered by Turkish standards and so could not ascend the steep grades unassisted. Their lack of drop grates also prevented them from long-distance working. They were thus relegated to shunting
and local trip freights. The Turkish railwaymen referred to them as "Churchills" after British prime minister Winston Churchill
.
The locomotives lasted into the 1980s where they became a special interest of British railway enthusiasts venturing abroad after the demise of steam in Britain.
in 1989 by the Churchill 8F Locomotive Company Limited where it is Operational on the Gloucestershire Warwickshire Railway
.
In October 2010, two of the six remaining derelict examples in Turkey (45166 and 45170) were acquired by the 3 members of the Churchill 8F Locomotive Company Limited. The two locomotives travelled by rail from Sivas depot to Izmir where they were loaded onto a ship for transport back to the UK.
They arrived at Royal Portbury Dock
on Boxing Day
2010 aboard the MV Grande Scandinavia.
2-8-0
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 2-8-0 represents the wheel arrangement of two leading wheels on one axle , eight powered and coupled driving wheels on four axles, and no trailing wheels...
steam locomotive
Steam locomotive
A steam locomotive is a railway locomotive that produces its power through a steam engine. These locomotives are fueled by burning some combustible material, usually coal, wood or oil, to produce steam in a boiler, which drives the steam engine...
s which were acquired from the British
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
War Department
War Department (UK)
The War Department was the United Kingdom government department responsible for the supply of equipment to the armed forces of the United Kingdom and the pursuance of military activity. In 1857 it became the War Office...
to the LMS Stanier Class 8F
LMS Stanier Class 8F
The London Midland and Scottish Railway's 8F class 2-8-0 heavy freight locomotive is a class of steam locomotive designed for hauling heavy freight...
design.
Background
On the outbreak of the Second World War British locomotive manufacturers could no longer supply an order for 2-10-02-10-0
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 2-10-0 represents the wheel arrangement of two leading wheels on one axle, ten powered and coupled driving wheels on five axles, and no trailing wheels...
s similar to the TCDD 56001 Class, derived from the German BR 42, for TCDD at the original price and conditions. (These locomotives were eventually delivered after the war as the TCDD 56080 Class). However, Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany , also known as the Third Reich , but officially called German Reich from 1933 to 1943 and Greater German Reich from 26 June 1943 onward, is the name commonly used to refer to the state of Germany from 1933 to 1945, when it was a totalitarian dictatorship ruled by...
stepped in to offer neutral Turkey DRG BR 52
DRG BR 52
The Deutsche Reichsbahn's Class 52 was a German steam locomotive built in large numbers during the Second World War. It was the most produced type of the so-called Kriegslokomotiven or Kriegsloks . The Class 52 was a wartime development of the pre-war DRG Class 50, using fewer parts and expensive...
-type Kriegsloks which became the 56501 Class
TCDD 56501 Class
The TCDD 56501 Class is a class of 2-10-0 steam locomotives provided by Germany during the Second World War.- Overview :...
. Diplomatically embarrassed, the British offered the Turks 25 of the LMS Stanier Class 8F
LMS Stanier Class 8F
The London Midland and Scottish Railway's 8F class 2-8-0 heavy freight locomotive is a class of steam locomotive designed for hauling heavy freight...
2-8-0
2-8-0
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 2-8-0 represents the wheel arrangement of two leading wheels on one axle , eight powered and coupled driving wheels on four axles, and no trailing wheels...
s, which had been adopted by the War Department
War Department (UK)
The War Department was the United Kingdom government department responsible for the supply of equipment to the armed forces of the United Kingdom and the pursuance of military activity. In 1857 it became the War Office...
as their standard heavy freight locomotive.
The engines selected were built by the North British Locomotive Company
North British Locomotive Company
The North British Locomotive Company was created in 1903 through the merger of three Glasgow locomotive manufacturing companies; Sharp Stewart and Company , Neilson, Reid and Company and Dübs and Company , creating the largest locomotive manufacturing company in Europe.Its main factories were...
of Glasgow
Glasgow
Glasgow is the largest city in Scotland and third most populous in the United Kingdom. The city is situated on the River Clyde in the country's west central lowlands...
. Originally intended for WD service but the Fall of France saw them earmarked for the LMS
London, Midland and Scottish Railway
The London Midland and Scottish Railway was a British railway company. It was formed on 1 January 1923 under the Railways Act of 1921, which required the grouping of over 120 separate railway companies into just four...
before they were diverted to Turkey.
Shipping
The locomotives were shipped as a kit of parts (other 8Fs destined for the Middle East went complete) via the Cape of Good HopeCape of Good Hope
The Cape of Good Hope is a rocky headland on the Atlantic coast of the Cape Peninsula, South Africa.There is a misconception that the Cape of Good Hope is the southern tip of Africa, because it was once believed to be the dividing point between the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. In fact, the...
and the Suez Canal
Suez Canal
The Suez Canal , also known by the nickname "The Highway to India", is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. Opened in November 1869 after 10 years of construction work, it allows water transportation between Europe and Asia without navigation...
since the Mediterranean was too dangerous for Allied shipping. Seven failed to complete the journey. The vessel transporting them, the SS Jessmore, was involved in a collision in the Atlantic with another ship in the convoy on 19 February 1941. The Jessmore sank with the loss of its cargo a few days later. Three more received the same watery fate when the MV Berhala was torpedoed by U-38 on 23 May 1941 off Freetown
Freetown
Freetown is the capital and largest city of Sierra Leone, a country in West Africa. It is a major port city on the Atlantic Ocean located in the Western Area of the country, and had a city proper population of 772,873 at the 2004 census. The city is the economic, financial, and cultural center of...
, Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone , officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country in West Africa. It is bordered by Guinea to the north and east, Liberia to the southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west and southwest. Sierra Leone covers a total area of and has an estimated population between 5.4 and 6.4...
. The lost engines were:
| WD No. | NBL Works No. | Built | Ship |
|---|---|---|---|
| 343 | 24643 | 1940 | SS Jessmore |
| 344 | 24644 | 1940 | SS Jessmore |
| 345 | 24645 | 1940 | SS Jessmore |
| 338 | 24638 | 1940 | MV Berhala |
| 354 | 24654 | 1940 | MV Berhala |
| 355 | 24655 | 1941 | MV Berhala |
| 356 | 24656 | 1941 | MV Berhala |
Service
The remaining 18 locomotives were transhipped at Port SaidPort Said
Port Said is a city that lies in north east Egypt extending about 30 km along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, north of the Suez Canal, with an approximate population of 603,787...
in Egypt
Egypt
Egypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...
and went overland to Turkey where they were renumbered 45151-68. Re-erection was in Sivas under the direction of R.G. Jarvis of the LMS. In 1943 they were joined by 2 more classmates, (45169/70) taking the class number to 20, in lieu of the lost engines. These were joined by a gift of 29 of the Lend-Lease
Lend-Lease
Lend-Lease was the program under which the United States of America supplied the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, China, Free France, and other Allied nations with materiel between 1941 and 1945. It was signed into law on March 11, 1941, a year and a half after the outbreak of war in Europe in...
S200 Class
USATC S200 Class
The United States Army Transportation Corps S200 Class is a class of 2-8-2 steam locomotive. They were introduced in 1941 and lent-leased to the United Kingdom for use in the Middle East during the Second World War....
2-8-2
2-8-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 2-8-2 represents the wheel arrangement of two leading wheels on one axle , eight powered and coupled driving wheels on four axles, and two trailing wheels on one axle...
s which formed the TCDD 46201 Class
TCDD 46201 Class
The Turkish Republic Railways 46201 Class is a class of ex-USATC Lend-Lease S200 Class 2-8-2 steam locomotives.- Overview :The USATC S200 Class was an American-designed locomotive which they lent-leased to the British for use in the Middle East. The first 29 locomotives, Nos. 46201-29 were...
.
| WD No. | TCCD No. | NBL Works No. | Built | To Turkey | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 524 | 45151 | 24672 | 1941 | 1941 | |
| 523 | 45152 | 24671 | 1941 | 1941 | |
| 357 | 45153 | 24657 | 1941 | 1941 | |
| 358 | 45154 | 24657 | 1941 | 1941 | |
| 359 | 45155 | 24657 | 1941 | 1941 | Preserved |
| 346 | 45156 | 24646 | 1940 | 1941 | |
| 351 | 45157 | 24651 | 1940 | 1941 | |
| 350 | 45158 | 24650 | 1940 | 1941 | |
| 349 | 45159 | 24649 | 1940 | 1941 | |
| 348 | 45160 | 24648 | 1940 | 1941 | Preserved |
| 522 | 45161 | 24670 | 1941 | 1941 | Preserved |
| 347 | 45162 | 24647 | 1940 | 1941 | |
| 339 | 45163 | 24639 | 1940 | 1941 | |
| 342 | 45164 | 24642 | 1940 | 1941 | |
| 353 | 45165 | 24653 | 1940 | 1941 | |
| 341 | 45166 | 24641 | 1940 | 1941 | Preserved |
| 352 | 45167 | 24652 | 1940 | 1941 | |
| 340 | 45168 | 24640 | 1940 | 1941 | Preserved |
| 552 | 45169 | 24749 | 1942 | 1943 | |
| 554 | 45170 | 24755 | 1942 | 1943 | Preserved |
Designed for British conditions, the 8Fs were not really suited to Turkish circumstances. Though large for British engines, they were underpowered by Turkish standards and so could not ascend the steep grades unassisted. Their lack of drop grates also prevented them from long-distance working. They were thus relegated to shunting
Shunting
Shunting is an event in the neuron which occurs when an excitatory postsynaptic potential and an inhibitory postsynaptic potential are occurring close to each other on a dendrite, or are both on the soma of the cell....
and local trip freights. The Turkish railwaymen referred to them as "Churchills" after British prime minister Winston Churchill
Winston Churchill
Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill, was a predominantly Conservative British politician and statesman known for his leadership of the United Kingdom during the Second World War. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest wartime leaders of the century and served as Prime Minister twice...
.
The locomotives lasted into the 1980s where they became a special interest of British railway enthusiasts venturing abroad after the demise of steam in Britain.
Preservation
Three of the Turkish 8Fs have been preserved. No. 45161 is a static exhibit at the railway museum in Camlik. 45168 is preserved and was seen on display at Izmit Station in September 2010. No. 45160 was repatriated to Great BritainGreat Britain
Great Britain or Britain is an island situated to the northwest of Continental Europe. It is the ninth largest island in the world, and the largest European island, as well as the largest of the British Isles...
in 1989 by the Churchill 8F Locomotive Company Limited where it is Operational on the Gloucestershire Warwickshire Railway
Gloucestershire Warwickshire Railway
The Gloucestershire Warwickshire Railway is a volunteer-run heritage railway on the Gloucestershire/Worcestershire/Warwickshire Borders that has reopened the closed railway line between Laverton Halt and Cheltenham Racecourse railway stations in Gloucestershire/Worcestershire., it currently...
.
In October 2010, two of the six remaining derelict examples in Turkey (45166 and 45170) were acquired by the 3 members of the Churchill 8F Locomotive Company Limited. The two locomotives travelled by rail from Sivas depot to Izmir where they were loaded onto a ship for transport back to the UK.
They arrived at Royal Portbury Dock
Royal Portbury Dock
The Royal Portbury Dock is part of the Port of Bristol, in England. It is situated near the village of Portbury on the southern side of the mouth of the Avon, where the river joins the Severn estuary — the Avonmouth Docks are on the opposite side of the Avon, within Avonmouth...
on Boxing Day
Boxing Day
Boxing Day is a bank or public holiday that occurs on 26 December, or the first or second weekday after Christmas Day, depending on national or regional laws. It is observed in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and some other Commonwealth nations. In Ireland, it is recognized as...
2010 aboard the MV Grande Scandinavia.
External links
- http://www.trainsofturkey.com/w/pmwiki.php/Steam/45151
- Preserved locomotive database entry for No. 45160