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Syrup
 
 
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In cooking
Cooking

Cooking is the process of preparing food by applying heat, selecting, measuring and combining of ingredients in an ordered procedure for producing safe and edible food....
, a syrup (from Arabic sharab, beverage, via Latin
Latin

Latin is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Through the Military history of the Roman Empire, Latin spread throughout the Mediterranean and a large part of Europe....
 siropus) is a thick, viscous liquid
Liquid

Liquid is one of the principal states of matter. A liquid is a fluid that has the particles loose and can freely form a distinct surface at the boundaries of its bulk material....
, containing a large amount of dissolved sugar
Sugar

Sugar is a class of edible crystalline substances, mainly sucrose, lactose, and fructose. Human taste buds interpret its flavor as sweet. Sugar as a basic food carbohydrate primarily comes from sugar cane and from sugar beet, but also appears in fruit, honey, sorghum, sugar maple , and in many other sources....
s, but showing little tendency to deposit crystal
Crystal

A crystal or crystalline solid is a solid material whose constituent atoms, molecules, or ions are arranged in an orderly repeating pattern extending in all three spatial dimensions....
s. The viscosity arises from the multiple hydrogen bond
Hydrogen bond

A hydrogen bond is the attractive force between one electronegative atom and a hydrogen covalently bonded to another electronegative atom. It results from a dipole-dipole force with a hydrogen atom bonded to nitrogen, oxygen or fluorine ....
s between the dissolved sugar, which has many hydroxyl
Hydroxyl

Hydroxyl in chemistry stands for a molecule consisting of an oxygen atom and a hydrogen atom connected by a covalent bond. The neutral form is a hydroxyl Radical and the hydroxyl anion is called a hydroxide....
 (OH) groups, and the water
Water

Water is a common chemical substance that is essential for the survival of all known forms of life. In typical usage, water refers only to its liquid form or States of matter, but the substance also has a solid state, ice, and a gaseous state, water vapor or steam....
. Technically and scientifically, the term syrup is also employed to denote viscous, generally residual, liquids, containing substances other than sugars in solution.






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In cooking
Cooking

Cooking is the process of preparing food by applying heat, selecting, measuring and combining of ingredients in an ordered procedure for producing safe and edible food....
, a syrup (from Arabic sharab, beverage, via Latin
Latin

Latin is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Through the Military history of the Roman Empire, Latin spread throughout the Mediterranean and a large part of Europe....
 siropus) is a thick, viscous liquid
Liquid

Liquid is one of the principal states of matter. A liquid is a fluid that has the particles loose and can freely form a distinct surface at the boundaries of its bulk material....
, containing a large amount of dissolved sugar
Sugar

Sugar is a class of edible crystalline substances, mainly sucrose, lactose, and fructose. Human taste buds interpret its flavor as sweet. Sugar as a basic food carbohydrate primarily comes from sugar cane and from sugar beet, but also appears in fruit, honey, sorghum, sugar maple , and in many other sources....
s, but showing little tendency to deposit crystal
Crystal

A crystal or crystalline solid is a solid material whose constituent atoms, molecules, or ions are arranged in an orderly repeating pattern extending in all three spatial dimensions....
s. The viscosity arises from the multiple hydrogen bond
Hydrogen bond

A hydrogen bond is the attractive force between one electronegative atom and a hydrogen covalently bonded to another electronegative atom. It results from a dipole-dipole force with a hydrogen atom bonded to nitrogen, oxygen or fluorine ....
s between the dissolved sugar, which has many hydroxyl
Hydroxyl

Hydroxyl in chemistry stands for a molecule consisting of an oxygen atom and a hydrogen atom connected by a covalent bond. The neutral form is a hydroxyl Radical and the hydroxyl anion is called a hydroxide....
 (OH) groups, and the water
Water

Water is a common chemical substance that is essential for the survival of all known forms of life. In typical usage, water refers only to its liquid form or States of matter, but the substance also has a solid state, ice, and a gaseous state, water vapor or steam....
. Technically and scientifically, the term syrup is also employed to denote viscous, generally residual, liquids, containing substances other than sugars in solution. Artificial maple syrup is made with water and an extremely large amount of dissolved sugar. The solution is heated so more sugar can be put in than normally possible. The solution becomes super-saturated.

Pharmaceutical syrup

The syrup employed as a base for medicinal purposes consists of a concentrated or saturated solution of refined sugar in distilled water. The "simple syrup" of the British Pharmacopoeia
Pharmacopoeia

Pharmacopoeia , in its modern technical sense, is a book containing directions for the identification of samples and the preparation of compound medicines, and published by the authority of a government or a medical or pharmaceutical society....
 is prepared by adding 1 kg of refined sugar to 500 mL of boiling distilled water, heating until it is dissolved and subsequently adding boiling distilled water until the weight of the whole is 1.5 kg. The specific gravity
Specific gravity

Specific gravity is defined as the ratio of the density of a given solid or liquid substance to the density of water at a specific temperature and pressure, typically at 4?C and , making it a dimensionless quantity ....
 of the syrup should be 1.33. This is a 66° Brix
Brix

Degrees Brix is a measurement of the dissolved sugar-to-water mass ratio of a liquid. It is measured with a saccharimeter that measures specific gravity of a liquid or more easily with a refractometer....
 solution.

Flavoured syrups are made by adding flavouring matter to a simple syrup. For instance, syrupus aromaticus is prepared by adding certain quantities of orange flavouring
Orange (fruit)

An orange?specifically, the sweet orange?is the citrus Citrus sinensis and its fruit. The orange is a Hybrid of ancient cultivated origin, possibly between pomelo and tangerine ....
 and cinnamon
Cinnamon

Cinnamon is a small evergreen tree 10?15 metres tall, belonging to the family Lauraceae, and is native to Sri Lanka.The leaf are ovate-oblong in shape, 7?18 cm long....
 water to simple syrup. Similarly, medicated syrups are prepared by adding medicaments to, or dissolving them in, the simple syrup.

Culinary syrup

Golden syrup
Golden syrup

Golden syrup is a thick, amber-colored form of inverted sugar syrup, made in the process of refining sugar cane juice into sugar, or by treatment of a sugar solution with acid....
 is a by-product of the process of obtaining refined crystallized sugar
Sugar

Sugar is a class of edible crystalline substances, mainly sucrose, lactose, and fructose. Human taste buds interpret its flavor as sweet. Sugar as a basic food carbohydrate primarily comes from sugar cane and from sugar beet, but also appears in fruit, honey, sorghum, sugar maple , and in many other sources....
. Molasses
Molasses

Molasses is a thick by-product from the processing of the sugar beet or sugar cane into sugar. The word molasses comes from the Portuguese language word mela?o, which comes from "meli", the Greek word for "honey"....
 is a syrup obtained at a different stage of refining.

Karo Syrup is a brand of thick corn
Maize

Maize , known as corn in some countries, is a cereal domesticated in Mesoamerica and subsequently spread throughout the American continents....
 syrup made from a concentrated solution of dextrose. The dark Karo Syrup also uses other sugars derived from corn starch with preservative
Preservative

A preservative is a natural or synthetic chemical compound that is added to products such as foods, pharmaceuticals, paints, biological samples, wood, etc....
s and flavourings. The light variety contains only salt and vanilla, in addition to corn syrup. It is a staple of Southern United States cuisine
Cuisine of the Southern United States

The cuisine of the Southern United States is defined as the regional culinary form of states generally south of the Mason-Dixon Line, and extending west to Texas....
, e.g., to make pecan pie
Pecan pie

Pecan pie is a sweet custard pie made primarily of corn syrup and pecan nuts. It is popularly served at holiday meals and is also considered a specialty of Southern U.S....
, and is pronounced "KAY-row" in that region.

Syrups for beverages

A variety of beverages call for sweetening to offset the tartness of some juices used in the drink recipes. Granulated sugar does not dissolve easily in cold drinks or ethyl alcohol
Ethanol

Ethanol, also called ethyl alcohol, pure alcohol, grain alcohol, or drinking alcohol, is a volatility , flammable, colorless liquid....
. Since the following syrups are liquids, they are easily mixed with other liquids in mixed drink
Mixed drink

A mixed drink is a type of Drink in which two or more ingredients are mixed.Some broad categories of mixed drinks are:* Cobbler ? A beverage made with wine or sherry, citrus juice, and sugar...
s, making them superior alternatives to granulated sugar.

Simple syrup

A basic sugar-and-water syrup used to make drinks at bar
Bar (establishment)

A bar is a business that serves drinks, especially alcoholic beverages such as beer, liquor, and mixed drinks, for consumption on the premises....
s is referred to by several names, including simple syrup, sugar syrup, simple sugar syrup, and bar syrup.

Simple syrup is made by stirring granulated sugar into hot water in a sauce pan until the sugar is dissolved and then cooling the solution. Generally, a ratio of two parts sugar to one part water (by volume) is used.

This type of syrup is also commonly used at coffee shops, especially in the United States
United States

The United States of America is a Federal government constitutional republic comprising U.S. state and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its Contiguous United States and Washington, D.C., the Capital districts and territories, lie between the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, Borders of the U...
, to make flavoured drinks.

Gomme syrup

Gomme syrup is an ingredient commonly used in mixed drinks. It is also commonly used as a sweetener for ice coffee in Japan. Like bar syrups, it is a sugar and water mixture, but has an added ingredient of gum arabic
Gum arabic

Gum arabic, also known as gum acacia, chaar gund or char goond, is a natural gum made of hardened sap taken from two species of the acacia tree; Acacia senegal and Acacia seyal....
 which acts as an emulsifier. Gomme syrup is made with the highest percentage of sugar to water possible, while the gum arabic prevents the sugar from crystallizing and adds a smooth texture.

To make gomme syrup, bring sugar and water to a boil, then add gum powder dissolved in water. Strain for use.

See also

  • Agave nectar
  • Barley malt syrup
    Barley malt syrup

    Barley malt syrup is a sweetener produced from sprouted barley, containing approximately 65 percent maltose, 30 percent complex carbohydrate, 3% protein....
  • Birch syrup
    Birch syrup

    Birch syrup is a sweetener made from the sap of birch trees, and used in much the same way as maple syrup. It is used for pancake or waffle syrup, to make candies, as an ingredient in sauces, glazes, and dressings, and as a flavoring in ice cream, beer, wine, and soft drinks....
  • Brown rice syrup
    Brown rice syrup

    Brown rice syrup, also known as rice syrup, is a sweetener derived by culturing cooked rice with enzymes to break down the starches, then straining off the liquid and cooking it until the desired consistency is reached....
  • Chocolate syrup
    Chocolate syrup

    Chocolate syrup is a type of condiment that is usually added to food to increase the chocolate flavor. Chocolate syrup can be added to a wide variety of foods, and is often used as a topping for various desserts, such as ice cream or mixed with milk to make chocolate milk....
  • Corn syrup
    Corn syrup

    Corn syrup is a syrup, made using cornstarch as a feedstock, and composed mainly of glucose. A series of two enzyme reactions are used to convert the cornstarch to corn syrup....
  • Fruit syrup
    Fruit syrup

    Fruit syrup as a food ingredient is usually a concentrated juice from a less-expensive fruit used to sweeten and extend the quantity of more expensive products, e.g. "'all-fruit' strawberry spread."...
  • Golden Syrup
    Golden syrup

    Golden syrup is a thick, amber-colored form of inverted sugar syrup, made in the process of refining sugar cane juice into sugar, or by treatment of a sugar solution with acid....
  • Honey
    Honey

    Honey is a sweet fluid produced by honey bees , and derived from the nectar of flowers. According to the United States National Honey Board and various international food regulations, "honey stipulates a pure product that does not allow for the addition of any other substance?this includes, but is not limited to, water or other sweeteners...
  • Inverted sugar syrup
    Inverted sugar syrup

    Inverted sugar syrup is a sucrose-based syrup, produced by splitting each sucrose disaccharide molecule into its component monomers, glucose and fructose....
  • Kithul treacle
  • Maple syrup
    Maple syrup

    Maple syrup is a sweetener made from the sap of maple trees. In Canada and the United States it is most often eaten with waffles and pancakes. It is sometimes used as an ingredient in baking, the making of candy, preparing desserts, or as a sugar source and flavoring agent in making beer....
  • Molasses
    Molasses

    Molasses is a thick by-product from the processing of the sugar beet or sugar cane into sugar. The word molasses comes from the Portuguese language word mela?o, which comes from "meli", the Greek word for "honey"....
  • Palm syrup
    Palm syrup

    Miel de palma is an edible sweet syrup produced from the sap of a number of Arecaceae. It is produced in the Canary Islands, coastal regions of South America, and southeast Asia....
  • Sugar beet syrup
  • Sorghum syrup
  • Squash (drink)
    Squash (drink)

    Squash is a highly-sweetened fruit-based concentrate which is mixed with a liquid, most commonly water or Carbonated water, before drinking....
  • Treacle
    Treacle

    Treacle is a thick, dark brown sugar syrup produced during raw sugarcane refining, used chiefly in cooking as a form of sweetener. It has a distinctively strong flavour, slightly bitter, and a richer colour than golden syrup, yet not as dark as molasses....
  • Yacon syrup
    Yacon syrup

    Yac?n syrup is a sweetening agent extracted from the tuberous roots of the yac?n plant indigenous to the Andes mountains.It was used by the Incas....


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