Saubraz
Encyclopedia
Saubraz is a municipality
Municipalities of Switzerland
Communes , also known as municipalities, are the smallest government division in Switzerland, numbering 2,596 . While many have a population of a few hundred citizens, the largest cities such as Zürich or Geneva also have the legal status of municipalities...

 in Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....

. It is located in the district of Morges, in the canton
Cantons of Switzerland
The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the member states of the federal state of Switzerland. Each canton was a fully sovereign state with its own borders, army and currency from the Treaty of Westphalia until the establishment of the Swiss federal state in 1848...

 of Vaud
Vaud
Vaud is one of the 26 cantons of Switzerland and is located in Romandy, the French-speaking southwestern part of the country. The capital is Lausanne. The name of the Canton in Switzerland's other languages are Vaud in Italian , Waadt in German , and Vad in Romansh.-History:Along the lakes,...

.

History

Saubraz is first mentioned in the 13th Century as de Salubra. In 1251 it was mentioned as Saubra. The town formed around a church, which belonged to the Premonstratensian
Premonstratensian
The Order of Canons Regular of Prémontré, also known as the Premonstratensians, the Norbertines, or in Britain and Ireland as the White Canons , are a Catholic religious order of canons regular founded at Prémontré near Laon in 1120 by Saint Norbert, who later became Archbishop of Magdeburg...

 Abbey
Abbey
An abbey is a Catholic monastery or convent, under the authority of an Abbot or an Abbess, who serves as the spiritual father or mother of the community.The term can also refer to an establishment which has long ceased to function as an abbey,...

 Lac-de-Joux (L’Abbaye
L'Abbaye
L'Abbaye is a municipality in the canton of Vaud, Switzerland, located in the Jura-Nord Vaudois district. It takes its name from Lac de Joux Abbey, a Premonstratensian monastery.-History:...

) and burned down in 1251. After Bern conquered Vaud in 1536, Saubraz shared in the fate of Aubonne and 1701 it became a part of the Aubonne administrative district. After the breaking up of the Ancien régime the town was a part of the canton Léman from 1798 to 1803 during the Helvetic Republic
Helvetic Republic
In Swiss history, the Helvetic Republic represented an early attempt to impose a central authority over Switzerland, which until then consisted mainly of self-governing cantons united by a loose military alliance, and conquered territories such as Vaud...

. It subsequently was absorbed by the canton of Vaud and in 1798 assigned to the district of Aubonne.

The chapel
Chapel
A chapel is a building used by Christians as a place of fellowship and worship. It may be part of a larger structure or complex, such as a church, college, hospital, palace, prison or funeral home, located on board a military or commercial ship, or it may be an entirely free-standing building,...

 which had been built on the ruins of the medieval church was cleared away during the building of a school house in 1899. Today Saubraz is part of the Gimel parish
Parish
A parish is a territorial unit historically under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of one parish priest, who might be assisted in his pastoral duties by a curate or curates - also priests but not the parish priest - from a more or less central parish church with its associated organization...

.

Geography

Saubraz has an area, , of 3.7 square kilometres (1.4 sq mi). Of this area, 1.71 km² (0.660234691193235 sq mi) or 46.2% is used for agricultural purposes, while 1.69 km² (0.652512648021384 sq mi) or 45.7% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.26 km² (0.100386561234059 sq mi) or 7.0% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.01 km² (2.5 acre) or 0.3% is either rivers or lakes and 0.03 km² (7.4 acre) or 0.8% is unproductive land.

Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 1.6% and transportation infrastructure made up 2.2%. Power and water infrastructure as well as other special developed areas made up 2.7% of the area Out of the forested land, 43.8% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.9% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 32.4% is used for growing crops and 13.0% is pastures. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.

The municipality was part of the Aubonne District until it was dissolved on 31 August 2006, and Saubraz became part of the new district of Morges.

The municipality is located at the foot of the Jura Mountains
Jura mountains
The Jura Mountains are a small mountain range located north of the Alps, separating the Rhine and Rhone rivers and forming part of the watershed of each...

 near the Col du Marchairuz road.

Saubraz is located at an elevation of 687 m (2,253.9 ft) above mean sea level
Above mean sea level
The term above mean sea level refers to the elevation or altitude of any object, relative to the average sea level datum. AMSL is used extensively in radio by engineers to determine the coverage area a station will be able to reach...

 (AMSL), 13 km west of the city of Morges
Morges
Morges is a municipality in the Swiss canton of Vaud, located in the district of Morges and is also the seat of the district.-History:...

. It is a farming village sprawled across a plateau in the Jura Mountains between the valleys of Saubrett in the south and Toleure in the north.

The creek Saubrett and its tributary Toluere drain the eastern part of the area into the Aubonne River. Toleure forms the northern boundary of the municipality. The plateau Saubraz is located between the two creeks; it gradually rises to the Jura Mountains in the northwest. The highest point in Saubraz is located at 810 m (2,657.5 ft) AMSL at the foot of Mont Chaubert. In the south, the municipality’s woodland area 'Bois des Ursins rises to the Ursins Plateau.

The municipalities Gimel
Gimel, Switzerland
Gimel is a municipality in the Swiss the canton Vaud, located in the district of Morges.-Geography:Gimel has an area, , of . Of this area, or 32.1% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 61.7% is forested...

, Montherod
Montherod
Montherod is a municipality in the Swiss canton of Vaud. It is located in the district of Morges.-Geography:Montherod has an area, , of . Of this area, or 46.5% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 45.5% is forested...

 and Bière
Bière
Bière is a municipality in the Swiss canton of Vaud, located in the district of Morges.-Geography:Bière has an area, , of . Of this area, or 38.3% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 51.4% is forested...

 border Saubraz.

Coat of arms

The blazon
Blazon
In heraldry and heraldic vexillology, a blazon is a formal description of a coat of arms, flag or similar emblem, from which the reader can reconstruct the appropriate image...

 of the municipal coat of arms
Coat of arms
A coat of arms is a unique heraldic design on a shield or escutcheon or on a surcoat or tabard used to cover and protect armour and to identify the wearer. Thus the term is often stated as "coat-armour", because it was anciently displayed on the front of a coat of cloth...

 is Per pale Gules and Or, overall a Crane Argent, in Canton a Mullet of Five of the second.

Demographics

Saubraz has a population of . , 17.4% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1999-2009 ) the population has changed at a rate of 77.7%. It has changed at a rate of 72.1% due to migration and at a rate of 5.1% due to births and deaths.

Most of the population speaks French
French language
French is a Romance language spoken as a first language in France, the Romandy region in Switzerland, Wallonia and Brussels in Belgium, Monaco, the regions of Quebec and Acadia in Canada, and by various communities elsewhere. Second-language speakers of French are distributed throughout many parts...

 (179 or 90.4%), with German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....

 being second most common (9 or 4.5%) and Portuguese
Portuguese language
Portuguese is a Romance language that arose in the medieval Kingdom of Galicia, nowadays Galicia and Northern Portugal. The southern part of the Kingdom of Galicia became independent as the County of Portugal in 1095...

 being third (7 or 3.5%). There is 1 person who speaks Italian
Italian language
Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia...

.

Of the population in the municipality 61 or about 30.8% were born in Saubraz and lived there in 2000. There were 61 or 30.8% who were born in the same canton, while 31 or 15.7% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 42 or 21.2% were born outside of Switzerland.

In there were 3 live births to Swiss citizens and were 5 deaths of Swiss citizens. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens decreased by 2 while the foreign population remained the same. There were 2 non-Swiss men and 1 non-Swiss woman who immigrated from another country to Switzerland. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources, including moves across municipal borders) was an increase of 9 and the non-Swiss population increased by 10 people. This represents a population growth rate of 6.3%.

The age distribution, , in Saubraz is; 62 children or 17.9% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 48 teenagers or 13.9% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 26 people or 7.5% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 67 people or 19.4% are between 30 and 39, 55 people or 15.9% are between 40 and 49, and 34 people or 9.8% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 26 people or 7.5% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 14 people or 4.0% are between 70 and 79, there are 10 people or 2.9% who are between 80 and 89, and there are 4 people or 1.2% who are 90 and older.

, there were 72 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 99 married individuals, 15 widows or widowers and 12 individuals who are divorced.

the average number of residents per living room was 0.55 which is less people per room than the cantonal average of 0.61 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 41.4% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
Mortgage loan
A mortgage loan is a loan secured by real property through the use of a mortgage note which evidences the existence of the loan and the encumbrance of that realty through the granting of a mortgage which secures the loan...

 or a rent-to-own agreement).

, there were 88 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.2 persons per household. There were 28 households that consist of only one person and 2 households with five or more people. Out of a total of 90 households that answered this question, 31.1% were households made up of just one person and there were 2 adults who lived with their parents. Of the rest of the households, there are 26 married couples without children, 27 married couples with children There were 3 single parents with a child or children. There were 2 households that were made up of unrelated people and 2 households that were made up of some sort of institution or another collective housing.

there were 27 single family homes (or 45.0% of the total) out of a total of 60 inhabited buildings. There were 12 multi-family buildings (20.0%), along with 16 multi-purpose buildings that were mostly used for housing (26.7%) and 5 other use buildings (commercial or industrial) that also had some housing (8.3%). Of the single family homes 18 were built before 1919, while 2 were built between 1990 and 2000. The most multi-family homes (9) were built before 1919 and the next most (1) were built between 1961 and 1970.

there were 105 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was 3 rooms of which there were 30. There were 4 single room apartments and 31 apartments with five or more rooms. Of these apartments, a total of 87 apartments (82.9% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 13 apartments (12.4%) were seasonally occupied and 5 apartments (4.8%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 25.7 new units per 1000 residents. The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 0%.

The historical population is given in the following chart:

Politics

In the 2007 federal election
Swiss federal election, 2007
Elections to the Swiss Federal Assembly, the federal parliament of Switzerland, were held on Sunday, 21 October 2007. In a few cantons, a second round of the elections to the Council of States was held on 11 November, 18 November, and 25 November 2007...

 the most popular party was the SVP
Swiss People's Party
The Swiss People's Party , also known as the Democratic Union of the Centre , is a conservative political party in Switzerland. Chaired by Toni Brunner, but spearheaded by Christoph Blocher, the party is the largest party in the Federal Assembly, with 58 members of the National Council and 6 of...

 which received 48.52% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SP
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....

 (13.95%), the FDP
FDP.The Liberals
FDP.The Liberals is a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It is the joint-largest party in the Federal Council, third-largest party in the National Council, and second-largest in the Council of States....

 (8.85%) and the Green Party
Green Party of Switzerland
The Green Party of Switzerland is the fifth-largest party in the National Council of Switzerland, and the largest party that is not represented on the Federal Council.-History:...

 (8.55%). In the federal election, a total of 96 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
Voter turnout
Voter turnout is the percentage of eligible voters who cast a ballot in an election . After increasing for many decades, there has been a trend of decreasing voter turnout in most established democracies since the 1960s...

 was 54.5%.

Economy

Up until the second half of the 20th century Saubraz was predominately an agricultural
Agriculture
Agriculture is the cultivation of animals, plants, fungi and other life forms for food, fiber, and other products used to sustain life. Agriculture was the key implement in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that nurtured the...

 town. Even today agriculture plays an important role, as animal husbandry
Animal husbandry
Animal husbandry is the agricultural practice of breeding and raising livestock.- History :Animal husbandry has been practiced for thousands of years, since the first domestication of animals....

, dairy production
Dairy farming
Dairy farming is a class of agricultural, or an animal husbandry, enterprise, for long-term production of milk, usually from dairy cows but also from goats and sheep, which may be either processed on-site or transported to a dairy factory for processing and eventual retail sale.Most dairy farms...

 and farming are the dominant occupations. Other jobs are found in local business and the services sector. Because the town has developed into a more residential area in the last few decades, many commuters who work in the neighboring towns Gimla and Biere, as well as in the larger cities along the Lake Geneva, have left.

, Saubraz had an unemployment rate of 3.5%. , there were 9 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 5 businesses involved in this sector. 6 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 4 businesses in this sector. 8 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 5 businesses in this sector. There were 109 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 43.1% of the workforce.

the total number of full-time equivalent
Full-time equivalent
Full-time equivalent , is a unit to measure employed persons or students in a way that makes them comparable although they may work or study a different number of hours per week. FTE is often used to measure a worker's involvement in a project, or to track cost reductions in an organization...

 jobs was 19. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 6, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 6 of which 4 or (66.7%) were in manufacturing and 2 (33.3%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 7. In the tertiary sector; 3 or 42.9% were in the sale or repair of motor vehicles, 1 was a technical professional or scientist, 2 or 28.6% were in education.

, there were 4 workers who commuted into the municipality and 80 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 20.0 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 7.3% used public transportation to get to work, and 65.1% used a private car.

Religion

From the , 35 or 17.7% were Roman Catholic, while 119 or 60.1% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church
Swiss Reformed Church
The Reformed branch of Protestantism in Switzerland was started in Zürich by Huldrych Zwingli and spread within a few years to Basel , Bern , St...

. There was 1 individual who belongs to another Christian church. There were 3 (or about 1.52% of the population) who were Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and .   : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...

ic. 32 (or about 16.16% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic
Agnosticism
Agnosticism is the view that the truth value of certain claims—especially claims about the existence or non-existence of any deity, but also other religious and metaphysical claims—is unknown or unknowable....

 or atheist
Atheism
Atheism is, in a broad sense, the rejection of belief in the existence of deities. In a narrower sense, atheism is specifically the position that there are no deities...

, and 8 individuals (or about 4.04% of the population) did not answer the question.

Education

In Saubraz about 81 or (40.9%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 22 or (11.1%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule
Fachhochschule
A Fachhochschule or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of tertiary education institution, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas . Fachhochschulen were founded in Germany and later adopted by Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Greece...

). Of the 22 who completed tertiary schooling, 59.1% were Swiss men, 22.7% were Swiss women.

In the 2009/2010 school year there were a total of 66 students in the Saubraz school district. In the Vaud cantonal school system, two years of non-obligatory pre-school are provided by the political districts. During the school year, the political district provided pre-school care for a total of 631 children of which 203 children (32.2%) received subsidized pre-school care. The canton's primary school program requires students to attend for four years. There were 42 students in the municipal primary school program. The obligatory lower secondary school program lasts for six years and there were 24 students in those schools.

, there were 15 students in Saubraz who came from another municipality, while 21 residents attended schools outside the municipality.

Transportation

Saubraz is located away from the larger thoroughfares; the main access road comes from Aubonne. Saubraz is connected to the public transport
Public transport
Public transport is a shared passenger transportation service which is available for use by the general public, as distinct from modes such as taxicab, car pooling or hired buses which are not shared by strangers without private arrangement.Public transport modes include buses, trolleybuses, trams...

 network, by way of the postal service
Swiss Post
Swiss Post is the postal service of Switzerland. A public company owned by the Swiss Confederation, it is the country's second largest employer...

’s routes, which run from Gimel, via Bière, to L'Isle
L'Isle
L'Isle is a municipality of the canton of Vaud in Switzerland, located in the district of Morges.-History:L'Isle is first mentioned in 1216 as Chablie. In 1299 it was mentioned as Insula de Chablie and in 1324 as Lylaz.-Geography:...

.

External links

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