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Oral and maxillofacial surgery is surgery to correct a wide spectrum of diseases, injuries and defects in the head, neck, face, jaws and the hard and soft tissues of the oral and maxillofacial region. It is a recognized international surgical specialty.


In other parts of the world oral and maxillofacial surgery as a specialty exists but under different forms as the work is sometimes performed by a single or dual qualified specialist depending on each country's regulations and training opportunities available.

b>oral and maxillofacial surgeon is a regional specialist surgeon
Surgery

Surgery is a medical specialty that uses operative manual and instrumental techniques on a patient to investigate and/or treat a pathological condition such as disease or injury, to help improve bodily function or appearance, or sometimes for some other reason....
 treating the entire craniomaxillofacial complex
Craniofacial

Craniofacial may be used to describe cratain congenital malformations, injuries, surgeons who subspecialize in this area, multi-disciplinary medical-surgical teams that treat and do research on disorders affecting this region, and organizations with interest in disorders of the craniofacial structures....
: anatomical
Anatomy

Anatomy is a branch of biology that is the consideration of the body plan. It is a general term that includes human anatomy, animal anatomy and plant anatomy ....
 area of the mouth
Mouth

The mouth, buccal cavity, or oral cavity is the first portion of the alimentary canal that receives food and begins digestion by mechanically breaking up the solid food particles into smaller pieces and mixing them with saliva....
, jaw
Jaw

The jaw is either of the two opposable structures forming, or near the entrance to the mouth.The term jaws is also broadly applied to the whole of the structures constituting the vault of the mouth and serving to open and close it and is part of the body plan of most animals....
s, face
Face

The term face refers to the central sense organ complex, for those animals that have one, normally on the ventral surface of the head and can depending on the definition in the human case, include the hair, forehead, eyebrow, eyes, nose, ears, cheeks, mouth, lips, philtrum, tooth, skin, and chin....
, skull
Skull

The skull is a bone structure found in the head of many animals. The skull supports the structures of the face and protects the head against injury....
, as well as associated structures.

Maxillofacial surgeons are usually initially qualified in dentistry
Dentistry

Dentistry is the known evaluation, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases, disorders and conditions of the mouth, maxillofacial area and the adjacent and associated structures and their impact on the human body....
 and have undergone further surgical training.






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Oral and maxillofacial surgery is surgery to correct a wide spectrum of diseases, injuries and defects in the head, neck, face, jaws and the hard and soft tissues of the oral and maxillofacial region. It is a recognized international surgical specialty.

Regulations

  • In the U.S.A., Canada
    Canada

    Canada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean....
    , Australia
    Australia

    Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the southern hemisphere comprising the Australia of the world's smallest continent, the major island of Tasmania, and numerous list of islands of Australia in the Indian Ocean and Pacific Oceans....
    , and New Zealand
    New Zealand

    New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses , and numerous Islands of New Zealand, most notably Stewart Island/Rakiura and the Chatham Islands....
    , oral and maxillofacial surgery is one of the 9 specialties recognized by the American Dental Association
    American Dental Association

    The American Dental Association is an American professional association established in 1859 and has more than 152,000 members. Based in Chicago, the ADA is the world's largest and oldest national dental association and promotes good oral health to the public while representing the dental profession....
    , Royal College of Dentists of Canada, and Royal Australasian College of Dental Surgeons
    Royal Australasian College of Dental Surgeons

    The Royal Australasian College of Dental Surgeons or RACDS is a professional college established in 1965 that administers Fellowship Exams for both general and specialist dental practitioners in the Australasian region....
    , however some training programs lead to the trainee obtaining qualifications in both Medicine and Dentistry.


In other parts of the world oral and maxillofacial surgery as a specialty exists but under different forms as the work is sometimes performed by a single or dual qualified specialist depending on each country's regulations and training opportunities available.

Oral and maxillofacial surgeons

An oral and maxillofacial surgeon is a regional specialist surgeon
Surgery

Surgery is a medical specialty that uses operative manual and instrumental techniques on a patient to investigate and/or treat a pathological condition such as disease or injury, to help improve bodily function or appearance, or sometimes for some other reason....
 treating the entire craniomaxillofacial complex
Craniofacial

Craniofacial may be used to describe cratain congenital malformations, injuries, surgeons who subspecialize in this area, multi-disciplinary medical-surgical teams that treat and do research on disorders affecting this region, and organizations with interest in disorders of the craniofacial structures....
: anatomical
Anatomy

Anatomy is a branch of biology that is the consideration of the body plan. It is a general term that includes human anatomy, animal anatomy and plant anatomy ....
 area of the mouth
Mouth

The mouth, buccal cavity, or oral cavity is the first portion of the alimentary canal that receives food and begins digestion by mechanically breaking up the solid food particles into smaller pieces and mixing them with saliva....
, jaw
Jaw

The jaw is either of the two opposable structures forming, or near the entrance to the mouth.The term jaws is also broadly applied to the whole of the structures constituting the vault of the mouth and serving to open and close it and is part of the body plan of most animals....
s, face
Face

The term face refers to the central sense organ complex, for those animals that have one, normally on the ventral surface of the head and can depending on the definition in the human case, include the hair, forehead, eyebrow, eyes, nose, ears, cheeks, mouth, lips, philtrum, tooth, skin, and chin....
, skull
Skull

The skull is a bone structure found in the head of many animals. The skull supports the structures of the face and protects the head against injury....
, as well as associated structures.

Maxillofacial surgeons are usually initially qualified in dentistry
Dentistry

Dentistry is the known evaluation, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases, disorders and conditions of the mouth, maxillofacial area and the adjacent and associated structures and their impact on the human body....
 and have undergone further surgical training. Some OMS residencies integrate a medical education as well & an appropriate degree in medicine
Medicine

Medicine is the art and science of healing. It encompasses a range of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness....
 (MBBS
MBBS

MBBS was a popular Bulletin board system system in the Nordic countries during the mid-1990s. It was created by a team of Oslo-based enthusiasts, led by Mike Robertson ....
 or MD
Doctor of Medicine

Doctor of Medicine is a Doctorate for physicians . The degree is granted from medical schools.It is a first professional degree in some countries, including the United States and Canada, although training is entered after obtaining at least 90 hours of university level work ....
 or equivalent) is earned, although in the United States there is legally no difference in what a dual degree OMFS can do compared to someone who earned a four year certificate. Oral & maxillofacial surgery is universally recognized as a one of the nine specialties of dentistry. However also in the UK and many other countries OMFS is a medical specialty as well culminating in the FRCS
Fellowship of the Royal College of Surgeons

Fellowship of the Royal College of Surgeons is a professional certification to practice as a surgeon in the British Isles. It is bestowed by the Royal College of Surgeons of England, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland , Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh , and Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow though strictly the unq...
 (Fellowship of the Royal College of Surgeons). Regardless, all oral & maxillofacial surgeons must obtain a degree in dentistry (BDS
BDS

BDS is a three-letter acronym that can stand for multiple things:*Baby Duck Syndrome*Bachelor of Dental Surgery, degree awarded to dental surgeons upon their graduation from dental school...
, BDent
Dentistry

Dentistry is the known evaluation, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases, disorders and conditions of the mouth, maxillofacial area and the adjacent and associated structures and their impact on the human body....
, DDS
Doctor of Dental Surgery

The Doctor of Dental Surgery degree is one of a few degrees that are awarded to dentists, the others being Doctor of Dental Medicine , Bachelor of Dentistry , Bachelor of Dental Surgery/Chirurgiae , Bachelor of Dental Science , Bachelor of Dental Medicine , Licentiate in Dental Surgery , Doctor of Dentistry , Candidate of Odontology , or Do...
, or DMD or equivalent) before being allowed to begin residency training in oral and maxillofacial surgery.

They also may choose to undergo further training in a 1 or 2 year subspecialty fellowship training in the following areas:
  • Head and neck cancer
    Head and neck cancer

    The term head and neck cancer refers to a group of biologically similar cancers originating from the upper aerodigestive tract, including the lip, oral cavity , nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, and larynx....
     - microvascular reconstruction
    Microsurgery

    Microsurgery is a general term for surgery requiring an operating microscope. The most obvious developments have been procedures developed to allow anastomosis of successively smaller blood vessels and nerves which have allowed transfer of tissue from one part of the body to another and re-attachment of severed parts....
  • Cosmetic facial surgery
  • Craniofacial surgery
    Craniofacial surgery

    Craniofacial surgery is a surgical subspecialty of both plastic surgery and oral and maxillofacial surgery that deals with congenital disorder and acquired deformity of the skull, face, and jaws....
    /Pediatric Maxillofacial surgery
  • Cranio-maxillofacial trauma


The popularity of oral and maxillofacial surgery as a career for persons whose first degree was medicine, not dentistry, seems to be increasing. Integrated programs are becoming more available to medical graduates allowing them to complete the dental degree requirement in about 3 years in order for them to advance to subsequently complete Oral and Maxillofacial surgical training.

Surgical procedures

Treatments may be performed on the craniomaxillofacial complex
Craniofacial

Craniofacial may be used to describe cratain congenital malformations, injuries, surgeons who subspecialize in this area, multi-disciplinary medical-surgical teams that treat and do research on disorders affecting this region, and organizations with interest in disorders of the craniofacial structures....
: mouth, jaws, neck, face, skull, and include:
  • Dentoalveolar surgery (surgery to remove impacted teeth, difficult tooth
    Tooth

    Teeth are small whitish structures found in the jaws of many vertebrates that are used to tear, scrape, and chew food. Some animals, particularly carnivores, also use teeth for hunting or defense....
     extractions, extractions on medically compromised patients, bone grafting or preprosthetic surgery to provide better anatomy for the placement of implants
    Dental implant

    A dental implant is an artificial tooth root replacement and is used in Prosthodontics dentistry to support restorations that resemble a tooth or group of teeth....
    , dentures
    Dentures

    Dentures are Prosthesis devices constructed to replace missing teeth, and which are supported by surrounding soft and hard tissues of the oral cavity....
    , or other dental prostheses)
  • Diagnosis and treatment of benign
    Benign

    A benign tumor is a tumor that lacks all three of the malignant properties of a cancer. Thus, by definition, a benign tumor does not grow in an unlimited, aggressive manner, does not invade surrounding tissue , and does not metastasize....
     pathology
    Pathology

    Pathology is the study and diagnosis of disease through examination of Organ , tissue , bodily fluids and whole bodies . The term also encompasses the related science study of disease processes, called General pathology....
     (cyst
    Cyst

    A cyst is a closed sac having a distinct biological membrane and cell division on the nearby Biological tissue. It may contain air, fluids, or semi-solid material....
    s, tumor
    Tumor

    A tumor or tumour is the name for a swelling or lesion formed by an abnormal growth of cells . Tumor is not synonymous with cancer. A tumor can be Benign neoplasm, Carcinoma in situ or malignant, whereas cancer is by definition malignant....
    s etc.)
  • Diagnosis and treatment (ablative and reconstructive surgery
    Reconstructive surgery

    Reconstructive surgery is in its broadest sense the use of surgery to restore the form and function of the body.Although plastic surgery and plastic surgeons are involved in many aspects of reconstructive surgery, there are other branches of surgery that also perform reconstructive procedures....
    , microsurgery
    Microsurgery

    Microsurgery is a general term for surgery requiring an operating microscope. The most obvious developments have been procedures developed to allow anastomosis of successively smaller blood vessels and nerves which have allowed transfer of tissue from one part of the body to another and re-attachment of severed parts....
    ) of malignant
    Malignant

    Malignant is a medical term used to describe a severe and progressively worsening disease. The term is most familiar as a description of cancer....
     pathology (oral & head and neck cancer
    Head and neck cancer

    The term head and neck cancer refers to a group of biologically similar cancers originating from the upper aerodigestive tract, including the lip, oral cavity , nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, and larynx....
    ).
  • Diagnosis and treatment of cutaneous malignancy (skin cancer
    Skin cancer

    Skin cancer is a malignant growth on the skin which can have many causes. The most common skin cancers are basal cell cancer, squamous cell cancer, and melanoma....
    ), lip reconstruction
    Lip reconstruction

    Lip reconstruction may be required after trauma or surgical excision. The lips are considered the beginning of the oral cavity and they are the most common site of oral cavity cancer....
  • Diagnosis and treatment of congenital craniofacial
    Craniofacial

    Craniofacial may be used to describe cratain congenital malformations, injuries, surgeons who subspecialize in this area, multi-disciplinary medical-surgical teams that treat and do research on disorders affecting this region, and organizations with interest in disorders of the craniofacial structures....
     malformations such as cleft lip and palate
    Palate

    The palate is the roof of the mouth in humans and vertebrate animals. It separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity. The palate is divided into two parts, the anterior bony hard palate, and the posterior fleshy soft palate or velum....
     and cranial vault malformations such as craniosynostosis
    Craniosynostosis

    Craniosynostosis, is a medical condition in which some or all of the cranial suturess in the skull of an infant or child close too early, causing problems with normal human brain and skull growth....
    , (craniofacial surgery
    Craniofacial surgery

    Craniofacial surgery is a surgical subspecialty of both plastic surgery and oral and maxillofacial surgery that deals with congenital disorder and acquired deformity of the skull, face, and jaws....
    )
  • Diagnosis and treatment of chronic facial pain disorders
  • Diagnosis and treatment of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders
  • Diagnosis and treatment of dysgnathia (incorrect bite), and orthognathic (literally "straight bite") reconstructive surgery
    Reconstructive surgery

    Reconstructive surgery is in its broadest sense the use of surgery to restore the form and function of the body.Although plastic surgery and plastic surgeons are involved in many aspects of reconstructive surgery, there are other branches of surgery that also perform reconstructive procedures....
    , orthognathic surgery
    Orthognathic surgery

    Orthognathic surgery is surgery to correct conditions of the jaw and face related to structure, growth, sleep apnea, TMJ disorders or to correct orthodontic problems that cannot be easily treated with braces....
    , maxillomandibular advancement
    Maxillomandibular advancement

    Maxillomandibular Advancement or orthognathic surgery, also sometimes called Bimaxillary Advancement , or Maxillomandibular Osteotomy .A surgical procedure which moves the jaw top and bottom forward....
    , surgical correction of facial asymmetry.
  • Diagnosis and treatment of soft and hard tissue trauma of the oral and maxillofacial region (jaw fractures, cheek bone fractures, nasal
    Nasal cavity

    The nasal cavity is a large air-filled space above and behind the nose in the middle of the face....
     fractures, LeFort fracture
    LeFort fracture

    LeFort fractures are types of facial bone fracture that are classic in facial trauma. The Le Fort fracture was named after French surgeon Ren? Le Fort , who described them in the early 20th century....
    , skull
    Skull

    The skull is a bone structure found in the head of many animals. The skull supports the structures of the face and protects the head against injury....
     fractures and eye socket fractures.
  • Splint and surgical treatment of sleep apnea
    Sleep apnea

    Sleep apnea is a sleep disorder characterized by pauses in breathing during sleep. Each episode, called an apnea , lasts long enough so that one or more breaths are missed, and such episodes occur repeatedly throughout sleep....
    , maxillomandibular advancement
    Maxillomandibular advancement

    Maxillomandibular Advancement or orthognathic surgery, also sometimes called Bimaxillary Advancement , or Maxillomandibular Osteotomy .A surgical procedure which moves the jaw top and bottom forward....
    , genioplasty
    Genioplasty

    Genioplasty/Mentoplasty is a type of Cosmetic_surgery#Cosmetic_surgery that is used to improve the appearance of a person's chin. This can take the form of chin height reduction or chin rounding by osteotomy, or chin augmentation using Prosthesis....
     (in conjunction with sleep labs or physician
    Physician

    A physician, medical practitioner, doctor of medicine, or medical doctor practices medicine, and is concerned with maintaining or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disease and injury....
    s)
  • Surgery to insert osseointegrated (bone fused) dental implant
    Dental implant

    A dental implant is an artificial tooth root replacement and is used in Prosthodontics dentistry to support restorations that resemble a tooth or group of teeth....
    s and Maxillofacial implants for attaching craniofacial prostheses
    Craniofacial prosthesis

    Craniofacial prostheses are prostheses made by individuals trained in anaplastology or Prosthodontics who medically help rehabilitate those suffering from facial defects caused by disease , trauma or birth defects ....
     and bone anchored hearing aid
    Bone Anchored Hearing Aid

    A Bone-Anchored Hearing Aid is a type of hearing aid based on bone conduction. It is primarily suited to people who have conductive hearing losses, unilateral hearing loss and people with mixed hearing losses who cannot otherwise wear 'in the ear' or 'behind the ear' hearing aids....
    s.
  • Cosmetic surgery limited to the head and neck: (rhytidectomy
    Rhytidectomy

    A facelift, technically known as a rhytidectomy , is a type of Cosmetic surgery#cosmetic surgery procedure used to give a more youthful appearance....
    /facelift, browlift, blepharoplasty
    Blepharoplasty

    Blepharoplasty can be both a functional and cosmetic surgical procedure intended to reshape the upper eyelid or lower eyelid by the removal or repositioning of excess tissue as well as by reinforcement of surrounding muscles and tendons....
    /Asian blepharoplasty
    Asian blepharoplasty

    Asian blepharoplasty, also known as "double eyelid surgery," is a type of cosmetic surgery where the skin around the eye is reshaped . The purpose of the procedure is to create an upper eyelid with a crease from an eyelid without a crease ....
    , otoplasty
    Otoplasty

    Otoplasty, is a cosmetic surgery to change the appearance of a person's external ears. Otoplasty can take many forms, such as bringing the ears closer to the head , reducing the size of very big ears, or reshaping various bends in the cartilage....
    , rhinoplasty
    Rhinoplasty

    Rhinoplasty is a surgical procedure which is usually performed by either an Otolaryngology, maxillofacial surgeon, or plastic surgeon in order to improve the function and/or the appearance of a human nose....
    , septoplasty
    Septoplasty

    Septoplasty is a corrective surgery procedure done to straighten the nasal septum, the partition between the two Nasal cavity. Ideally, the septum should run down the center of the nose....
    , cheek augmentation
    Cheek augmentation

    Cheek augmentation is a Cosmetic_surgery#Cosmetic_surgery that is intended to pronounce the cheekbones in a person's face. Prominent cheekbones have long been a sign of beauty in both men and women....
    , chin augmentation
    Chin augmentation

    Chin augmentation using Implant can alter the underlying structure of the face, providing better balance to the facial features. This operation is often, but not always, performed at the time of rhinoplasty to help balance the facial proportions....
    , genioplasty
    Genioplasty

    Genioplasty/Mentoplasty is a type of Cosmetic_surgery#Cosmetic_surgery that is used to improve the appearance of a person's chin. This can take the form of chin height reduction or chin rounding by osteotomy, or chin augmentation using Prosthesis....
    , oculoplastics
    Oculoplastics

    Oculoplastics, or oculoplastic surgery, includes a wide variety of surgical procedures that deal with the orbit , eyelids, tear ducts, and the face....
    , neck liposuction
    Liposuction

    Liposuction, also known as lipoplasty , liposculpture suction lipectomy or simply lipo is a plastic surgery operation that removes fat from many different sites on the human body....
    , lip enhancement
    Lip enhancement

    Lip enhancement is a type of Cosmetic_surgery#Cosmetic_surgery that aims to improve the appearance of the lips by increasing their fullness through enlargement....
    , injectable cosmetic treatments, botox, chemical peel
    Chemical peel

    A chemical peel is a body treatment technique used to improve and smooth the texture of the facial skin using a chemical solution that causes the skin to blister and eventually peel off....
     etc.)


Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the United States

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery is one of the 9 dental specialties recognized by the American Dental Association, Royal College of Dentists of Canada, and the Royal Australasian College of Dental Surgeons. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery requires 4-6 years of further formal University training after dental school (DDS,BDent,DMD, or BDS). Four-year residency programs grant a certificate of specialty training in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Six-year residency programs grant the specialty certificate in addition to a medical degree (MD,MBBS,MBChB, etc). Specialists in this field are designated registrable U.S. “Board Eligible” and warrant exclusive titles. Approximately 50% of the training programs in the U.S., 100% of the programs in Australia and New Zealand, and 20% of Canadian training programs, are dual-degree leading to dual certification in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and medicine (MD,MBBS,MBChB, etc).

The typical training program for an Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon is:
  • 4 Years Undergraduate Study (BA, BSc, or equivalent)
  • 4 Years Dental Study (DMD,BDent,DDS, or BDS
    Dentistry

    Dentistry is the known evaluation, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases, disorders and conditions of the mouth, maxillofacial area and the adjacent and associated structures and their impact on the human body....
    )
  • 4 - 6 Years Residency
    Residency (medicine)

    Residency is a stage of graduate Medical education. A resident physician or resident is a person who has received a medical degree and who practices medicine under the supervision of fully licensed physicians, usually in a hospital or clinic....
     Training (additional time for acquiring medical degree
    Medical degree

    Medical degree is a...
    )
  • After completion of surgical training most undertake final specialty examinations: (U.S. "Board Certified (ABOMS)"), (Australia/NZ: "FRACDS(OMS)"), or (Canada: "FRCD(C)(OMS)").
  • Many dually qualified oral and maxillofacial surgeons are now also obtaining Fellowships with the American College of Surgeons (FACS
    American College of Surgeons

    The American College of Surgeons is an educational association of surgeons created in 1913. to improve the quality of care for the surgical patient by setting high standards for surgical education and practice....
    )
  • Average total length after Secondary School: 12 - 14 Years


In addition, graduates of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery training programs can pursue fellowships, typically 1 - 2 years in length, in the following areas:
  • Head and neck cancer
    Head and neck cancer

    The term head and neck cancer refers to a group of biologically similar cancers originating from the upper aerodigestive tract, including the lip, oral cavity , nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, and larynx....
     - microvascular reconstruction
    Microsurgery

    Microsurgery is a general term for surgery requiring an operating microscope. The most obvious developments have been procedures developed to allow anastomosis of successively smaller blood vessels and nerves which have allowed transfer of tissue from one part of the body to another and re-attachment of severed parts....
  • Cosmetic facial surgery (facelift, rhinoplasty, etc.)
  • Craniofacial surgery
    Craniofacial surgery

    Craniofacial surgery is a surgical subspecialty of both plastic surgery and oral and maxillofacial surgery that deals with congenital disorder and acquired deformity of the skull, face, and jaws....
    /Pediatric Maxillofacial surgery (cleft lip and palate repair, surgery for craniosynostosis, etc.)
  • Cranio-maxillofacial trauma (soft tissue and skeletal injuries to the face, head and neck)

Notable oral and maxillofacial surgeons

  • Luc Chikhani
    Luc Chikhani

    Luc Chikhani is a French oral and maxillofacial surgery who is most well known for rebuilding the face of Trevor Rees-Jones, the late Diana, Princess of Wales bodyguard....
     reconstructed Trevor Rees-Jones
    Trevor Rees-Jones

    Trevor Rees-Jones is the former bodyguard for Dodi Al-Fayed. He was badly injured in the car accident that killed Diana, Princess of Wales, Dodi Al-Fayed and the driver Henri Paul....
    's face, which was literally flattened by the impact of the car crash that killed Diana, Princess of Wales
    Diana, Princess of Wales

    Diana, Princess of Wales, was the first wife of Charles, Prince of Wales. Their sons, Princes Prince William of Wales and Prince Henry of Wales , are second and third Line of succession to the British throne of the British monarchy and fifteen other Commonwealth Realms....
    .
  • Bernard Devauchelle
    Bernard Devauchelle

    Dr. Bernard Devauchelle is a France oral and maxillofacial surgery. He is most well known as the first surgeon to successfully complete the first face transplant in November 2005 at Amiens University Hospital....
     a French oral and maxillofacial surgeon at Amiens University Hospital who in November 2005 successfully completed the first face transplant
    Face transplant

    A face transplant is a still-experimental procedure to replace all or part of a person's face....
     on Isabelle Dinoire
    Isabelle Dinoire

    Isabelle Dinoire, born 1967, was the first person to undergo a partial face transplant, after her Labrador dog mauled her in May 2005. Prior to the operation, she could barely eat or speak, but after the operation, she can do both....
    .
Dr. Steven A. Saxe Las Vegas Nevada Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon

Organizations

  • Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons of India
  • American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
    American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons

    The American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons is the non-profit professional association serving the specialty of oral and maxillofacial surgery, the surgical arm of dentistry....
     
  • American Board of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • American College of Surgeons
    American College of Surgeons

    The American College of Surgeons is an educational association of surgeons created in 1913. to improve the quality of care for the surgical patient by setting high standards for surgical education and practice....
     
  • Australian and New Zealand Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
  • The Royal College of Surgeons of England
    Royal College of Surgeons of England

    The Royal College of Surgeons of England is an independent professional body and registered charity committed to promoting and advancing the highest standards of surgery care for patients, regulating surgery, including dentistry, in England and Wales....
  • Canadian Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
  • Faculty of Dental Surgery
    Faculty of Dental Surgery

    The Faculty of Dental Surgery of the Royal College of Surgeons of England was established in 1947.There are two other Faculties of Dental Surgery in the UK, one based at The Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh, the other a part of The Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow...
     of The Royal College of Surgeons of England
    Royal College of Surgeons of England

    The Royal College of Surgeons of England is an independent professional body and registered charity committed to promoting and advancing the highest standards of surgery care for patients, regulating surgery, including dentistry, in England and Wales....
  • Directive 2001/19/EC (Official Journal of the European Communities L 206, 31.07.2001)
  • Indonesia Association Of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon
  • European Association for Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Internacional Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
  • British Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
  • Clinica de Cirujia Maxilofacial - Clinimax
  • Deutsche Gesellschaft für Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie
  • Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften
  • Österreichische Gesellschaft für Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie
  • Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie
  • Sociedad Española de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial
  • Société Française de Stomatologie et Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale
  • Société Royale Belge de Stomatologie et de Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale
  • Société Suisse de Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale
  • Società Italiana di Chirurgia Maxillo-Facciale
  • OMS Foundation
  • Consejo Mexicano de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial
  • Towarzystwo Chirurgii Jamy Ustnej i Chirurgii Szczekowo-Twarzowej
  • Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-maxilo-facial


See also

  • Craniofacial surgery
    Craniofacial surgery

    Craniofacial surgery is a surgical subspecialty of both plastic surgery and oral and maxillofacial surgery that deals with congenital disorder and acquired deformity of the skull, face, and jaws....
  • Craniofacial team
    Craniofacial team

    A craniofacial team is a team of medical specialists that treat children and adults who have facial deformities such as cleft lip and palate.Upon diagnosis the patient should be referred to a craniofacial team....
  • Distraction osteogenesis
    Distraction osteogenesis

    Distraction osteogenesis, also called callus distraction, callotasis and osteodistraction is a Surgery process used to reconstruct Skeleton Deformity and lengthen the long bones of the body....
  • Operation Smile
    Operation Smile

    Operation Smile is a not-for-profit medical service organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, Virginia , founded in 1982. As a secular Non-governmental organization the organization provides cleft lip and palate repair surgeries to children worldwide, assists countries in reaching self-sufficiency with these surgeries, and works to eliminate...
  • Oral surgery
    Oral Surgery

    Oral Surgery is a recognised international specialist training course in Dentistry.Oral and maxillofacial surgery is the specialty of dentistry that includes the diagnosis, surgical and related treatment of diseases, injuries and defects involving both the functional and esthetic aspects of the hard and soft tissues of the head, mouth, teet...
  • Orthognathic surgery
    Orthognathic surgery

    Orthognathic surgery is surgery to correct conditions of the jaw and face related to structure, growth, sleep apnea, TMJ disorders or to correct orthodontic problems that cannot be easily treated with braces....
  • The Smile Train
    The Smile Train

    The Smile Train is an international charity helping children with cleft lip and palate, founded in 2000 by Brian Mullaney and Charles Wang.According to a March 2008 New York Times Magazine article, "over the last eight years, Smile Train has performed more than 280,000 cleft surgeries in 74 of the world?s poorest countries, raising some $8...


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