Oei
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was a after Meitoku
and before Shōchō
. This period spanned the years from July 1394 through April 1428. Reigning emperors were and .
Meitoku
Meitoku was a Japanese era name of the Northern Court during the Era of Northern and Southern Courts after Kōō and before Ōei. This period spanned the years from March 1390 to July 1394...
and before Shōchō
Shocho
was a after Ōei and before Eikyō, from April 1428 until September 1429. Reigning emperors were and .-Change of era:* 1428 : The era name was changed to mark an event or a number of events...
. This period spanned the years from July 1394 through April 1428. Reigning emperors were and .
Change of era
- 1394 : The new era name was created because of plague. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in Meitoku 5, the 5th day of the 7th month.
Events of the Ōei era
- 1394 (Ōei 1): Yoshimitsu officially cedes his position to his son;
- 1396 (Ōei 3): Imagawa Sadayo dismissed.
- 1397 (Ōei 4): Uprising in Kyūshū suppressed.
- May 13, 1397 (Ōei 4, 16th day of the 4th month): Construction begun on Kinkaku-jiKinkaku-ji, also known as , is a Zen Buddhist temple in Kyoto, Japan. The garden complex is an excellent example of Muromachi period garden design. It is designated as a National Special Historic Site and a National Special Landscape, and it is one of 17 locations comprising the Historic Monuments of Ancient...
. - 1397 (Ōei 4, 8th month): an Imperial ambassador is dispatched from Emperor Go-Komatsu to the court of the Hongwu EmperorHongwu EmperorThe Hongwu Emperor , known variably by his given name Zhu Yuanzhang and by his temple name Taizu of Ming , was the founder and first emperor of the Ming Dynasty of China...
of China. - September 1398 (Ōei 5, 8th month): In the early autumn -- in the 6th year of the reign of King Taejong of JoseonTaejong of JoseonKing Taejong was the third king of the Joseon Dynasty in Korea and the father of King Sejong the Great.-Founding of Joseon:...
, a diplomatic mission was sent to Japan. Pak Tong-chiPak Tong-chiPak Tong-chi was a Korean scholar-bureaucrat, diplomat and ambassador, representing Joseon interests in the tongsinsa to the Ashikaga shogunate in Japan.-1398 mission to Japan:...
and his retinue arrived in Kyoto. Shogun Yoshimochi presented the envoy with a formal diplomatic letter; and presents were given for the envoy to convey to the Joseon court. - 1398 (Ōei 5) Muromachi administration organized.
- November 18, 1399 (Ōei 6, 28th day of the 10th month): begins. Ōuchi Yoshiharu raises an army against ShogunShogunA was one of the hereditary military dictators of Japan from 1192 to 1867. In this period, the shoguns, or their shikken regents , were the de facto rulers of Japan though they were nominally appointed by the emperor...
Ashikaga YoshimitsuAshikaga Yoshimitsuwas the 3rd shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate who ruled from 1368 to 1394 during the Muromachi period of Japan. Yoshimitsu was the son of the second shogun Ashikaga Yoshiakira....
; and the Ashikaga forces prevail against this opposition. - 1399 (Ōei 6): Ōuchi YoshihiroOuchi Yoshihiro, also known as Ouchi Sakyo-no-Tayu, was a Muromachi period samurai clan head and military leader.Yoshirio was the second son of Ōuchi Hiroyo, and a member of the Ōuchi family which served under Ashikaga Takauji. The Ōuchi became known as the shugo of Suō and Nagato in 1363 for assisting the...
and Ashikaga MitsukaneAshikaga Mitsukanewas a Nanboku-chō period warrior, and the Kamakura-fu's third Kantō Kubō, . Being the eldest son, he succeeded his father Ujimitsu in 1398 at the age of 21 when he died during an epidemic.. Like him, Mitsukane aspired more or less openly to the shogunate and, like him and his successors, failed to...
rebel—Ōei War. - 1401 (Ōei 8, 2nd month): The Imperial Palace was burned.
- 1401 (Ōei 8): Yoshimitsu sends a diplomatic mission to the court of the Jianwen EmperorJianwen EmperorThe Jianwen Emperor , with the personal name Zhu Yunwen , reigned as the second Emperor of the Ming dynasty...
of China as a tentative first step in re-initiating trade between Japan and MingMing DynastyThe Ming Dynasty, also Empire of the Great Ming, was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644, following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan Dynasty. The Ming, "one of the greatest eras of orderly government and social stability in human history", was the last dynasty in China ruled by ethnic...
China. The letter conveyed to the Emperor of China was accompanied by a gift of 1000 ounces of gold and diverse objects. - 1402 (Ōei 9): A letter from the Jianwen EmperorJianwen EmperorThe Jianwen Emperor , with the personal name Zhu Yunwen , reigned as the second Emperor of the Ming dynasty...
of China was received by Yoshimitsu; and this formal communication mistakenly accords the title "king of Japan" to the Japanese shogun. - 1402 (Ōei 9): Uprising in Mutsu suppressed.
- 1404 (Ōei 11): Yoshimitsu appointed Nippon Koku-Ō (King of Japan) by Chinese emperor.
- 1408 (Ōei 15): Yoshimitsu dies.
- 1408 (Ōei 15): Yoshimochi comes into his own as a shogun.
- 1409 (Ōei 16, 3rd month): An ambassador from the Joseon court was received in Kyoto.
- 1409 (Ōei 16): Ashikaga MochiujiAshikaga MochiujiAshikaga Mochiuji was the Kamakura-fu's fourth Kantō kubō during the Sengoku period in Japan. During his long and troubled rule the relationship between the west and the east of the country reached an all-time low. Kamakura was finally attacked by shogun Ashikaga Yoshinori and retaken by force...
becomes Kantō kubōKanto kubowas a title equivalent to shogun assumed by Ashikaga Motouji after his nomination to Kantō kanrei, or deputy shogun for the Kamakura-fu, in 1349. Motouji transferred his original title to the Uesugi family, which had previously held the hereditary title of , and would thereafter provide the Kantō...
. - 1411 (Ōei 18): Yoshimochi breaks off relations with China.
- 1412 (Ōei 19): Emperor ShōkōEmperor ShokoEmperor Shōkō was the 101st emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 1412 through 1428.-Genealogy:...
was made the new sovereign upon the abdication of his father, Emperor Go-KomatsuEmperor Go-KomatsuEmperor Go-Komatsu was the 100th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. He is officially considered a pretender from May 24, 1382 to October 21, 1392, when Emperor Go-Kameyama abdicated...
. His actual coronation date was two years later. Shōkō was only 12 years old when he began living in the daïriDairiDairi may refer to:* The building in which the Japanese Imperial family resided , the women of the Imperial family , the Imperial court of Japan, or an indirect way of referring to the Emperor himself....
; but Go-Komatsu, as a Cloistered EmperorCloistered ruleThe Insei system , or cloistered rule, was a specific form of government in Japan during the Heian period. In this bifurcated system, an Emperor abdicated, but he retained power and influence. The emperors who withdrew to live in monasteries continued to act in ways which were intended to...
still retained direction of the court and the Shogun was charged with the general superintendence of affairs until his death at age 57 in 1433. - 1413 (Ōei 20): Shogun Ashikaga YoshimochiAshikaga Yoshimochiwas the 4th shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate who reigned from 1394 to 1423 during the Muromachi period of Japan. Yoshimochi was the son of the third shogun Ashikaga Yoshimitsu....
fell ill, and so he sent an ambassador to the Ise ShrineIse Shrineis a Shinto shrine dedicated to goddess Amaterasu-ōmikami, located in the city of Ise in Mie prefecture, Japan. Officially known simply as , Ise Jingū is in fact a shrine complex composed of a large number of Shinto shrines centered on two main shrines, and ....
to pray for the return of his health. - 1413 (Ōei 20): Emperor Go-KomatsuEmperor Go-KomatsuEmperor Go-Komatsu was the 100th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. He is officially considered a pretender from May 24, 1382 to October 21, 1392, when Emperor Go-Kameyama abdicated...
abdicates; Emperor ShōkōEmperor ShokoEmperor Shōkō was the 101st emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 1412 through 1428.-Genealogy:...
ascends throne in repudiation of agreement; renewed hostility between shogunate and supporters of Southern Court. - January 29, 1415 (Ōei 21, on the 19th day of the 12th month): Enthronement of Emperor Shōkō.
- 1415 (Ōei 22): Dissension between Mochiuji, the Kantō Kubō at Kamakura, and Uesugi ZenshūUesugi Zenshu, also known as Uesugi Ujinori, was the chief advisor to Ashikaga Mochiuji, an enemy of the Ashikaga shogunate in feudal Japan. When he was rebuked by Mochiuji in 1415, and forced to resign, Zenshū organized a rebellion....
(KanreiKanreior, more rarely, kanryō, was a high political post in feudal Japan; it is usually translated as Shogun's Deputy. After 1349, there were actually two Kanrei, the Kyoto Kanrei and the Kantō Kanrei....
). - 1416 (Ōei 23): Uesugi rebells.
- 1417 (Ōei 24): Uesugi's rebellion quelled by Mochiuji.
- 1418 (Ōei 25): Rebuilding of Asama ShrineAsama Shrineis a type of Shinto Shrine in Japan centered around the worship of the kami of volcanos in general, and Mount Fuji in particular.Per the Jinja Honchō, there are approximately 1300 Asama shrines in the country, centered primarily in Shizuoka Prefecture and Yamanashi Prefecture, and to a lesser...
at the base of Mount FujiMount Fujiis the highest mountain in Japan at . An active stratovolcano that last erupted in 1707–08, Mount Fuji lies about south-west of Tokyo, and can be seen from there on a clear day. Mount Fuji's exceptionally symmetrical cone is a well-known symbol of Japan and it is frequently depicted in art and...
in Suruga provinceSuruga Provincewas an old province in the area that is today the central part of Shizuoka prefecture. It was sometimes called . Suruga bordered on Izu, Kai, Sagami, Shinano, and Tōtōmi provinces; and had access to the Pacific Ocean through Suruga Bay.-History:...
is ordered by Ashikaga Yoshimochi. - July 18, 1419 (Ōei 26, 26th day of the 6th month): was a JoseonJoseon DynastyJoseon , was a Korean state founded by Taejo Yi Seong-gye that lasted for approximately five centuries. It was founded in the aftermath of the overthrow of the Goryeo at what is today the city of Kaesong. Early on, Korea was retitled and the capital was relocated to modern-day Seoul...
military action in Tsushima ProvinceTsushima Provincewas an old province of Japan on Tsushima Island which occupied the area corresponding to modern-day Tsushima, Nagasaki. It was sometimes called .-Political History:...
(Tsushima IslandTsushima IslandTsushima Island is an island of the Japanese Archipelago situated in the middle of the Tsushima Strait at 34°25'N and 129°20'E. The main island of Tsushima was once a single island, but the island was divided into two in 1671 by the Ōfunakosiseto canal and into three in 1900 by the Manzekiseto canal...
). The Joseon military forces were focused on the pirates (wakōWokouWokou , which literally translates as "Japanese pirates" in English, were pirates of varying origins who raided the coastlines of China and Korea from the 13th century onwards...
) which had established bases from which to raid the coastline of the Korean peninsula. More than 200 ships and 17,000 fighting men took part in this military expedition. - 1420 (Ōei 27): Serious famine with great loss of life.
- 1422 (Ōei 29): Resuragence of southern supporters.
- 1423 (Ōei 30, 2nd month): Shogun Yoshimochi retires in favor of his son, Ashikaga YoshikatsuAshikaga Yoshikatsuwas the 7th shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate who reigned from 1442 to 1443 during the Muromachi period of Japan. Yoshikatsu was the son of 6th shogun Ashikaga Yoshinori.Significant events which shaped the period during which Yoshikatsu was shogun:...
, who is 17 years old. - 1424 (Ōei 31): Go-Kameyama dies.
- March 17, 1425 (Ōei 32, 27th day of the 2nd month): Shogun Yoshikatsu died at the age of 19 years, having administered the empire for only three years.
- 1425 (Ōei 32): After Yoshikazu dies, Yoshimochi resumes the responsibilities of office.
- 1428 (Ōei 35): Yoshimochi dies; Shōkō dies; Go-HanazonoEmperor Go-Hanazonowas the 102nd emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 1428 through] 1464....
ascends throne in second repudiation of agreement.
External links
- National Diet LibraryNational Diet LibraryThe is the only national library in Japan. It was established in 1948 for the purpose of assisting members of the in researching matters of public policy. The library is similar in purpose and scope to the U.S...
, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection
| Ōei | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | 5th | 6th | 7th | 8th | 9th | 10th | 11th | 12th | 13th | 14th | 15th | 16th | 17th | 18th | 19th | 20th |
| Gregorian Gregorian calendar The Gregorian calendar, also known as the Western calendar, or Christian calendar, is the internationally accepted civil calendar. It was introduced by Pope Gregory XIII, after whom the calendar was named, by a decree signed on 24 February 1582, a papal bull known by its opening words Inter... |
1394 | 1395 | 1396 | 1397 | 1398 | 1399 | 1400 | 1401 | 1402 | 1403 | 1404 | 1405 | 1406 | 1407 | 1408 | 1409 | 1410 | 1411 | 1412 | 1413 |
| Ōei | 21st | 22nd | 23rd | 24th | 25th | 26th | 27th | 28th | 29th | 30th | 31st | 32nd | 33rd | 34th | 35th |
| Gregorian Gregorian calendar The Gregorian calendar, also known as the Western calendar, or Christian calendar, is the internationally accepted civil calendar. It was introduced by Pope Gregory XIII, after whom the calendar was named, by a decree signed on 24 February 1582, a papal bull known by its opening words Inter... |
1414 | 1415 | 1416 | 1417 | 1418 | 1419 | 1420 | 1421 | 1422 | 1423 | 1424 | 1425 | 1426 | 1427 | 1428 |
Preceded by: Meitoku Meitoku Meitoku was a Japanese era name of the Northern Court during the Era of Northern and Southern Courts after Kōō and before Ōei. This period spanned the years from March 1390 to July 1394... |
Era or nengō Japanese era name The Japanese era calendar scheme is a common calendar scheme used in Japan, which identifies a year by the combination of the and the year number within the era... : Ōei |
Succeeded by: Shōchō Shocho was a after Ōei and before Eikyō, from April 1428 until September 1429. Reigning emperors were and .-Change of era:* 1428 : The era name was changed to mark an event or a number of events... |