Newbottle, Northamptonshire
Encyclopedia
Newbottle is a civil parish and largely deserted village
in South Northamptonshire
, about 4 miles (6.4 km) west of the market town
of Brackley
. It is close to the Oxfordshire
county boundary and about 4.5 miles (7.2 km) south-east of the town of Banbury
.
A stream that is a tributary of the River Cherwell
forms the parish boundary to the north-west. The remainder of the parish boundary mostly follows field boundaries.
The parish includes the larger village of Charlton
, about 0.5 miles (804.7 m) southeast of Newbottle. The 2001 census
recorded a parish population of 438, most of whom live in Charlton.
is an early Iron Age
hill fort
in the southernmost part of the parish. Excavations in 1961-65 found that it had been inhabited and developed in phases between the 4th century BC and about 4 AD.
is 16th century, built probably in the reign of Henry VIII
. The west wing was added in the 17th century and the library has panelling dating from about 1730. The house has also an octagonal dovecote.
of Saint James
has a tower built in about 1290-1210 and a Norman
font
. The present chancel
is 13th century. Between the nave
and north aisle is a four-bay
Decorated Gothic arcade
. The south aisle is a Perpendicular Gothic arcade
addition. The Gothic Revival
east window in the chancel was inserted in 1865 and its stained glass
is by C.E. Kempe
.
In the Middle Ages St. James' belonged to the Augustinian
Dunstable Priory
. The Priory's annals for 1291 record it as receiving tithes from Newbottle. It still possessed St. James' in 1535 when the Crown
's bailiff valued the Priory's property and estates in preparation for the Dissolution of the Monasteries
.
St. James' now forms a single benefice with SS Peter and Paul, King's Sutton.
Deserted medieval village
In the United Kingdom, a deserted medieval village is a former settlement which was abandoned during the Middle Ages, typically leaving no trace apart from earthworks or cropmarks. If there are fewer than three inhabited houses the convention is to regard the site as deserted; if there are more...
in South Northamptonshire
South Northamptonshire
South Northamptonshire is a local government district in Northamptonshire, England. Its council is based in Towcester.The district is rural and sparsely populated with just over 79,293 people in 2000 and 91,000 in 2008, a 14.8% increase. The largest town in the district is Brackley, which has a...
, about 4 miles (6.4 km) west of the market town
Market town
Market town or market right is a legal term, originating in the medieval period, for a European settlement that has the right to host markets, distinguishing it from a village and city...
of Brackley
Brackley
Brackley is a town in south Northamptonshire, England. It is about from Oxford and miles form Northampton. Historically a market town based on the wool and lace trade, it was built on the intersecting trade routes between London, Birmingham and the English Midlands and between Cambridge and Oxford...
. It is close to the Oxfordshire
Oxfordshire
Oxfordshire is a county in the South East region of England, bordering on Warwickshire and Northamptonshire , Buckinghamshire , Berkshire , Wiltshire and Gloucestershire ....
county boundary and about 4.5 miles (7.2 km) south-east of the town of Banbury
Banbury
Banbury is a market town and civil parish on the River Cherwell in the Cherwell District of Oxfordshire. It is northwest of London, southeast of Birmingham, south of Coventry and north northwest of the county town of Oxford...
.
A stream that is a tributary of the River Cherwell
River Cherwell
The River Cherwell is a river which flows through the Midlands of England. It is a major tributary of the River Thames.The general course of the River Cherwell is north to south and the 'straight-line' distance from its source to the Thames is about...
forms the parish boundary to the north-west. The remainder of the parish boundary mostly follows field boundaries.
The parish includes the larger village of Charlton
Charlton, Northamptonshire
Charlton is a village in the parish of Newbottle, Northamptonshire, England in between Brackley and Kings Sutton, lying close to a small tributary of the River Cherwell. It is a small village with a population about 200....
, about 0.5 miles (804.7 m) southeast of Newbottle. The 2001 census
United Kingdom Census 2001
A nationwide census, known as Census 2001, was conducted in the United Kingdom on Sunday, 29 April 2001. This was the 20th UK Census and recorded a resident population of 58,789,194....
recorded a parish population of 438, most of whom live in Charlton.
Archaeology
Rainsborough CampRainsborough Camp
Rainsborough Camp is an Iron Age fort located in South Northamptonshire, England, between the villages of Croughton, Aynho, and Charlton....
is an early Iron Age
British Iron Age
The British Iron Age is a conventional name used in the archaeology of Great Britain, referring to the prehistoric and protohistoric phases of the Iron-Age culture of the main island and the smaller islands, typically excluding prehistoric Ireland, and which had an independent Iron Age culture of...
hill fort
Hillforts in Britain
Hillforts in Britain refers to the various hillforts within the island of Great Britain. Although the earliest such constructs fitting this description come from the Neolithic period, with a few also dating to the later Bronze Age, British hill forts were primarily constructed during the Iron Age...
in the southernmost part of the parish. Excavations in 1961-65 found that it had been inhabited and developed in phases between the 4th century BC and about 4 AD.
Manor
Newbottle manor houseManor house
A manor house is a country house that historically formed the administrative centre of a manor, the lowest unit of territorial organisation in the feudal system in Europe. The term is applied to country houses that belonged to the gentry and other grand stately homes...
is 16th century, built probably in the reign of Henry VIII
Henry VIII of England
Henry VIII was King of England from 21 April 1509 until his death. He was Lord, and later King, of Ireland, as well as continuing the nominal claim by the English monarchs to the Kingdom of France...
. The west wing was added in the 17th century and the library has panelling dating from about 1730. The house has also an octagonal dovecote.
Parish church
The Church of England parish churchChurch of England parish church
A parish church in the Church of England is the church which acts as the religious centre for the people within the smallest and most basic Church of England administrative region, known as a parish.-Parishes in England:...
of Saint James
James the Just
James , first Bishop of Jerusalem, who died in 62 AD, was an important figure in Early Christianity...
has a tower built in about 1290-1210 and a Norman
Norman architecture
About|Romanesque architecture, primarily English|other buildings in Normandy|Architecture of Normandy.File:Durham Cathedral. Nave by James Valentine c.1890.jpg|thumb|200px|The nave of Durham Cathedral demonstrates the characteristic round arched style, though use of shallow pointed arches above the...
font
Baptismal font
A baptismal font is an article of church furniture or a fixture used for the baptism of children and adults.-Aspersion and affusion fonts:...
. The present chancel
Chancel
In church architecture, the chancel is the space around the altar in the sanctuary at the liturgical east end of a traditional Christian church building...
is 13th century. Between the nave
Nave
In Romanesque and Gothic Christian abbey, cathedral basilica and church architecture, the nave is the central approach to the high altar, the main body of the church. "Nave" was probably suggested by the keel shape of its vaulting...
and north aisle is a four-bay
Bay (architecture)
A bay is a unit of form in architecture. This unit is defined as the zone between the outer edges of an engaged column, pilaster, or post; or within a window frame, doorframe, or vertical 'bas relief' wall form.-Defining elements:...
Decorated Gothic arcade
Arcade (architecture)
An arcade is a succession of arches, each counterthrusting the next, supported by columns or piers or a covered walk enclosed by a line of such arches on one or both sides. In warmer or wet climates, exterior arcades provide shelter for pedestrians....
. The south aisle is a Perpendicular Gothic arcade
Arcade (architecture)
An arcade is a succession of arches, each counterthrusting the next, supported by columns or piers or a covered walk enclosed by a line of such arches on one or both sides. In warmer or wet climates, exterior arcades provide shelter for pedestrians....
addition. The Gothic Revival
Gothic Revival architecture
The Gothic Revival is an architectural movement that began in the 1740s in England...
east window in the chancel was inserted in 1865 and its stained glass
Stained glass
The term stained glass can refer to coloured glass as a material or to works produced from it. Throughout its thousand-year history, the term has been applied almost exclusively to the windows of churches and other significant buildings...
is by C.E. Kempe
Charles Eamer Kempe
Charles Eamer Kempe was a well-known Victorian stained glass designer. After attending Twyford School, he studied for the priesthood at Pembroke College, Oxford, but it became clear that his severe stammer would be an impediment to preaching...
.
In the Middle Ages St. James' belonged to the Augustinian
Augustinians
The term Augustinians, named after Saint Augustine of Hippo , applies to two separate and unrelated types of Catholic religious orders:...
Dunstable Priory
Dunstable Priory
The Priory Church of St Peter with its monastery was founded in 1132 by Henry I for Augustinian Canons in Dunstable, Bedfordshire, England. St Peter’s today is a large and impressive building, but this is only the nave of what remains of an originally much larger Augustinian priory church...
. The Priory's annals for 1291 record it as receiving tithes from Newbottle. It still possessed St. James' in 1535 when the Crown
The Crown
The Crown is a corporation sole that in the Commonwealth realms and any provincial or state sub-divisions thereof represents the legal embodiment of governance, whether executive, legislative, or judicial...
's bailiff valued the Priory's property and estates in preparation for the Dissolution of the Monasteries
Dissolution of the Monasteries
The Dissolution of the Monasteries, sometimes referred to as the Suppression of the Monasteries, was the set of administrative and legal processes between 1536 and 1541 by which Henry VIII disbanded monasteries, priories, convents and friaries in England, Wales and Ireland; appropriated their...
.
St. James' now forms a single benefice with SS Peter and Paul, King's Sutton.