Mau
Encyclopedia
Mau formerly Mau Nath Bhanjan (Hindi: मऊनाथ भंजन, Urdu: ), nearly 90 km from Varanasi
is the powerhouse of textile
weavers in Eastern UP, India. It is a small industrial town on the banks of Ghaghra (Saryu). The Tamasa river flows through the city. The credit of converting this city to a district goes to the (late) Kalpnath Rai
(former MP for Ghosi
).
In 1960s it was the biggest supplier of a plant called plash.
period.
During the reign of Sher Shah Suri
, the famous emperor who had defeated Humayun
, visited Kolhuvavan (Madhuban) to meet the great Sufi saint Syed Ahmad Wadva. Mahvani, one of the daughters of Sher Shah was settled permanently near the dargah of Syed Sahab. Various developmental works were undertaken by Sher Shah Suri during his reign for economic development of the Mau region. After Humayun had retaken India, mention is given in the historical book of Jiyaudeen Barni saying that his son Akbar the Great
passed through Mau, on his way towards Allahabad
.
During the construction of a military base and the Shahi Masjid, a large number of laborers and artisans came with the Mughal Army
. They, the weavers, etc. had originally come from Iran, Afghanistan and Turkey; they settled there permanently.
During the period of India's struggle for freedom the residents of Mau gave their full support to the movement. Mahatma Gandhi
came to Dohrighat
on 3 October 1939 during the 3rd salt law breaking movement; many persons of Mau actively took part.
During the 1942 Quit India Movement a mob had collected in outrage of an action by a Madhuban Police Station Officer; Collector Navlate was present there, he ordered his men to open fire on the mob killing and injuring many people. In memory of the shaheeds of that day a monument was built on the site were the shaheeds had made the ultimate sacrifice.
In the 1970s and early 1980s many people (like Jharkhandey Rai, Tejpal Singh) worked hard for social empowerment in Mau.
Mau was an important township of Azamgarh district before its creation as a district itself. On 19 November 1988 it was made a district, largely due to the efforts of the Late Kalpnath Rai (MP Ghosi)
The local language of Mau is peculiar to the area as it includes the dialects of Bhojpuri Persian, Turkish and Irani. The main Industrial setup here is of cloth making by powerloom due to the presence of a large number of weavers in the district. Sari, Lungi and other clothes being prepared there are exported to various states of India and also to various countries.
A village in Mau called Sonadih
is famous for dhieru's way of studying in Baba Thanidas Ji Temple.
Sheetla mata mandir and vandevi are two important temples in mau.
district is on the south, Ballia
district is on the east & Azamgarh
district is on the west side.
This district represents geographical characteristics of mid Gangetic plain. "Khachari" and "Khadar" are types of soil found in the areas of north of Azamgarh - Ballia Road. In some high places "Bangar" soil is also found. In the southern part of the district, river flow is absent, due to which that area has Bangar type of soil, which is not fertile
.
The river system of the district is dominated by the Tons River
and its tributary Choti Sarju. The Ghaghara River
forms the northern border of the district.
The main means of irrigation in the district are tubewells. Ponds are used mainly for fishing
and bird sanctuary purposes. In Mau "Pakari Piua" pond have 1.7 km breadth and 32 km length. It also has two big ponds (Tal)one Ratoy tal near Madhuban and Garha tal near Ratanpura.
Ground water can be obtained from 15 to 20 meters depth. Ground water is used for drinking purposes. Farmers use tubewell for irrigation purposes.
Ghosi is the main town of mau district. sarvodaya inter college is a famous college in the city many professionals are the alumini of the college. Rajesh Kumar a reknowed professional in sugar & alcohol industry also belongs to the district.in medical field it has second position after varanasi.here so many specialist in particularised body part.in such way FATIMA hospital is a live example for people. Talimuddin College is the famous college in Mau, which has given high class IT professionals working in Target, Wipro, IBM etc.
established an institute dedicated to research on microorganisms at Mau.(www.nbaim.org).
.
Varanasi
-Etymology:The name Varanasi has its origin possibly from the names of the two rivers Varuna and Assi, for the old city lies in the north shores of the Ganga bounded by its two tributaries, the Varuna and the Asi, with the Ganges being to its south...
is the powerhouse of textile
Textile
A textile or cloth is a flexible woven material consisting of a network of natural or artificial fibres often referred to as thread or yarn. Yarn is produced by spinning raw fibres of wool, flax, cotton, or other material to produce long strands...
weavers in Eastern UP, India. It is a small industrial town on the banks of Ghaghra (Saryu). The Tamasa river flows through the city. The credit of converting this city to a district goes to the (late) Kalpnath Rai
Kalpnath Rai
Shri Kalpnath Rai was a member Rajya Sabha from 1974-80, 1980-86, 1986-92 and represented Ghosi four times to the Lok Sabha, he was also Minister in various Congress ministries at the centre and was a senior Congress Leader.- Biography :...
(former MP for Ghosi
Ghosi
Ghosi is a town and a nagar panchayat in Mau district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.-Geography:Ghosi is a city in the eastern part of the state of Uttar Pradesh in India. It is located at , and has an average elevation of 68 metres .-Demographics:'s India census, Ghosi had a population...
).
In 1960s it was the biggest supplier of a plant called plash.
Etymology of the name
Many myths are popular regarding history of Mau district. Popular opinion has it that the name Mau is considered to be derived from a Turkish word meaning "barrack" (Hindi: garh, padav, chavani).History
District MAU has a very rich historical background from the protohistoricalProtohistory
Protohistory refers to a period between prehistory and history, during which a culture or civilization has not yet developed writing, but other cultures have already noted its existence in their own writings...
period.
During the reign of Sher Shah Suri
Sher Shah Suri
Sher Shah Suri , birth name Farid Khan, also known as Sher Khan , was the founder of the short-lived Sur Empire in northern India, with its capital at Delhi, before its demise in the hands of the resurgent Mughal Empire...
, the famous emperor who had defeated Humayun
Humayun
Nasir ud-din Muhammad Humayun was the second Mughal Emperor who ruled present day Afghanistan, Pakistan, and parts of northern India from 1530–1540 and again from 1555–1556. Like his father, Babur, he lost his kingdom early, but with Persian aid, he eventually regained an even larger one...
, visited Kolhuvavan (Madhuban) to meet the great Sufi saint Syed Ahmad Wadva. Mahvani, one of the daughters of Sher Shah was settled permanently near the dargah of Syed Sahab. Various developmental works were undertaken by Sher Shah Suri during his reign for economic development of the Mau region. After Humayun had retaken India, mention is given in the historical book of Jiyaudeen Barni saying that his son Akbar the Great
Akbar the Great
Akbar , also known as Shahanshah Akbar-e-Azam or Akbar the Great , was the third Mughal Emperor. He was of Timurid descent; the son of Emperor Humayun, and the grandson of the Mughal Emperor Zaheeruddin Muhammad Babur, the ruler who founded the Mughal dynasty in India...
passed through Mau, on his way towards Allahabad
Allahabad
Allahabad , or Settled by God in Persian, is a major city of India and is one of the main holy cities of Hinduism. It was renamed by the Mughals from the ancient name of Prayaga , and is by some accounts the second-oldest city in India. It is located in the north Indian state of Uttar Pradesh,...
.
During the construction of a military base and the Shahi Masjid, a large number of laborers and artisans came with the Mughal Army
Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire , or Mogul Empire in traditional English usage, was an imperial power from the Indian Subcontinent. The Mughal emperors were descendants of the Timurids...
. They, the weavers, etc. had originally come from Iran, Afghanistan and Turkey; they settled there permanently.
During the period of India's struggle for freedom the residents of Mau gave their full support to the movement. Mahatma Gandhi
Mahatma Gandhi
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi , pronounced . 2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) was the pre-eminent political and ideological leader of India during the Indian independence movement...
came to Dohrighat
Dohrighat
Dohrighat is a town and a nagar panchayat in Mau district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India.-Geography:Dohrighat is located at . It has an average elevation of 66 metres .-Demographics:...
on 3 October 1939 during the 3rd salt law breaking movement; many persons of Mau actively took part.
During the 1942 Quit India Movement a mob had collected in outrage of an action by a Madhuban Police Station Officer; Collector Navlate was present there, he ordered his men to open fire on the mob killing and injuring many people. In memory of the shaheeds of that day a monument was built on the site were the shaheeds had made the ultimate sacrifice.
In the 1970s and early 1980s many people (like Jharkhandey Rai, Tejpal Singh) worked hard for social empowerment in Mau.
Mau was an important township of Azamgarh district before its creation as a district itself. On 19 November 1988 it was made a district, largely due to the efforts of the Late Kalpnath Rai (MP Ghosi)
The local language of Mau is peculiar to the area as it includes the dialects of Bhojpuri Persian, Turkish and Irani. The main Industrial setup here is of cloth making by powerloom due to the presence of a large number of weavers in the district. Sari, Lungi and other clothes being prepared there are exported to various states of India and also to various countries.
A village in Mau called Sonadih
Sonadih
Sonadih is a village situated at the road joining two great Hindu cities Varanasi and Gorakhpur, NH 29. This village is known for the it's secularism and non-violence as here people of many religions and beliefs are living peacefully...
is famous for dhieru's way of studying in Baba Thanidas Ji Temple.
Sheetla mata mandir and vandevi are two important temples in mau.
Geography and climate
Mau is situated on the fertile plains of the Ganga - Ghaghara doab. It lies between 83° 17’ to 84° 52' East & 24° 47' to 26°17' North. At its north, Ghaghara river is on the border, GhazipurGhazipur
Ghazipur , or Ghazipur City, previously spelt Ghazeepore, is a city/town and a municipal corporation and headquarter of Ghazipur district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. It is the administrative headquarters of Ghazipur Division and Sub-division...
district is on the south, Ballia
Ballia
Ballia is a city with a municipal board in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The eastern boundary of the city lies at the junction of the Ganges and the Ghaghara...
district is on the east & Azamgarh
Azamgarh
Azamgarh is a town in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is headquarters of Azamgarh district and Azamgarh Division.-History:Azamgarh, one of the easternmost districts of the State, once formed a part of the ancient Kosala kingdom, except the north-eastern part of it which was included in the...
district is on the west side.
This district represents geographical characteristics of mid Gangetic plain. "Khachari" and "Khadar" are types of soil found in the areas of north of Azamgarh - Ballia Road. In some high places "Bangar" soil is also found. In the southern part of the district, river flow is absent, due to which that area has Bangar type of soil, which is not fertile
Fertile
The term fertile describes a condition whereby organisms are able to produce physically healthy offspring.Fertile may also refer to:...
.
The river system of the district is dominated by the Tons River
Tons River
The Tons is the largest tributary of the Yamuna and flows through Garhwal region in Uttarakhand, touching Himachal Pradesh. The Tons thrust is named after this river....
and its tributary Choti Sarju. The Ghaghara River
Ghaghara River
Karnali or Ghaghara is a perennial trans-boundary river originating on the Tibetan Plateau near Lake Mansarovar. It cuts through the Himalayas in Nepal and joins the Sarda River at Brahmaghat in India. Together they form the Ghaghra River, a major left bank tributary of the Ganges. With a length of...
forms the northern border of the district.
The main means of irrigation in the district are tubewells. Ponds are used mainly for fishing
Fishing
Fishing is the activity of trying to catch wild fish. Fish are normally caught in the wild. Techniques for catching fish include hand gathering, spearing, netting, angling and trapping....
and bird sanctuary purposes. In Mau "Pakari Piua" pond have 1.7 km breadth and 32 km length. It also has two big ponds (Tal)one Ratoy tal near Madhuban and Garha tal near Ratanpura.
Ground water can be obtained from 15 to 20 meters depth. Ground water is used for drinking purposes. Farmers use tubewell for irrigation purposes.
Ghosi is the main town of mau district. sarvodaya inter college is a famous college in the city many professionals are the alumini of the college. Rajesh Kumar a reknowed professional in sugar & alcohol industry also belongs to the district.in medical field it has second position after varanasi.here so many specialist in particularised body part.in such way FATIMA hospital is a live example for people. Talimuddin College is the famous college in Mau, which has given high class IT professionals working in Target, Wipro, IBM etc.
Economy
- 1981 to 1991 Census the Population of the district is 1,445,000
- The decennial rate of population growth during period 1981-91 is 28.33%.
- Human sex ratioHuman sex ratioIn anthropology and demography, the human sex ratio is the sex ratio for Homo sapiens . Like most sexual species, the sex ratio is approximately 1:1. In humans the secondary sex ratio is commonly assumed to be 105 boys to 100 girls, an assumption that is a subject of debate in the scientific...
in 1991 is 974. - 19.9% of District population resides in Urban area.
- According to 1991 census sc/st population is 319,000 which is 22% of total population.
- Population density of the district is 844/km2
- In 1997-98 total foodgrain production is 372,000 tonnes
- Net irrigated area is 1,120 km2 & gross irrigated area is 1,530 km2
- Percentage of electrified villages is 88.1% in the year 1997-98.
- Per capita electricity consumption is 162 units in the year 1998-99.
- In 1998 -99 total number of rural & small industrial units are 61526.
- Total number of Handloom/Powerloom units are 58381 in 1998-99.
- Percentage of Literacy in the district is approx. 68% in 2006.
- Percentage of Workers in the district, according to 1991 census, is 33.2%.
- Number of dependents per hundred workers is 201.
- According to 1991 census, 68.3% of total workers were directly involved in agriculture.
- In 1996-97 per cultivator net sown area was 6,500 square metres
- CD ratio in 98-99 is 11.96.
- Length of metalled road per 100,000 population is 57 km.
- In 1998-99 teacher-Students ratio is
- Junior High School 44
- Senior Basic School 45.6
- Higher Secondary School 46.1
- Degree College 135.7
- No. of Allopathic Hospitals/Dispensary/PHCs per 100,000 population is 3.7
- Telephone connection per 100,000 population 275
Recent history
Indian Council of Agricultural ResearchIndian Council of Agricultural Research
Indian Council of Agricultural Research , New Delhi, India is an autonomous organisation under the Department of Agricultural Research and Education, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India...
established an institute dedicated to research on microorganisms at Mau.(www.nbaim.org).
.
Peoples Representatives
- Parliamentary constituency :: GhosiGhosi (Lok Sabha constituency)Ghosi Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 80 Lok Sabha constituencies in Uttar Pradesh state in northern India-Assembly segments:Presently, Ghosi Lok Sabha constituency comprises five Vidhan Sabha segments...
: MPMember of ParliamentA Member of Parliament is a representative of the voters to a :parliament. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, the term applies specifically to members of the lower house, as upper houses often have a different title, such as senate, and thus also have different titles for its members,...
:Dara Singh Chauhan - State Assembly consitituency:: Mau : MLA :Mukhtar AnsariMukhtar AnsariMukhtar Ansari is an Indian politician from Maunath Bhanjan or Mau in Eastern Uttar Pradesh. Most recently he won the Mau seat in the Uttar Pradesh Elections, 2007 as an Independent.He is one among many such criminal-politicians in Uttar Pradesh....
Administration
- District Magistrate :: Mr. Rakesh (IASIndian Administrative ServiceThe Indian Administrative Service is the administrative civil service of the Government of India. It is one of the three All India Services....
) - Superitendent of Police :: Onkar Singh (IPSIndian Police ServiceThe Indian Police Service , simply known as Indian Police or IPS, is one of the three All India Services of the Government of India...
)