Marc Jean-Bernard
Encyclopedia
Marc Jean-Bernardis a French/American Philosopher,Classical musician and musicologist especially dedicated to Aesthetic Theory
Aesthetics
Aesthetics is a branch of philosophy dealing with the nature of beauty, art, and taste, and with the creation and appreciation of beauty. It is more scientifically defined as the study of sensory or sensori-emotional values, sometimes called judgments of sentiment and taste...

, Philosophy of Music
Philosophy of music
Philosophy of music is the study of fundamental questions regarding music. The philosophical study of music has many connections with philosophical questions in metaphysics and aesthetics.Some basic questions in the philosophy of music are:...

 and Hermeneutics of Culture.
His theoretical contributions (written in French, English and Spanish) to Philosophy of Music present the particularity to synthesize hermeneutical, analytical and cognitive methodologies.
Marc Jean-Bernard internally associates theoretical investigation to artistic/educative praxis and concrete institutional action.

Life

Marc Jean-Bernard was born in Paris in a family of intellectuals and lawyers (called Jean-Bernard after the French historian Jean-Bernard Passerieu). He accomplished his philosophical studies at the Sorbonne
Sorbonne
The Sorbonne is an edifice of the Latin Quarter, in Paris, France, which has been the historical house of the former University of Paris...

, Paris 1, where he was strongly influenced by the French philosopher Jacques Bouveresse
Jacques Bouveresse
Jacques Bouveresse is a philosopher who has written on subjects including Ludwig Wittgenstein, Robert Musil, Karl Kraus, philosophy of science, epistemology, philosophy of mathematics and analytical philosophy...

, and by the French philosopher and musicologist Vladimir Jankélévitch
Vladimir Jankélévitch
Vladimir Jankélévitch was a French philosopher and musicologist.- Biography :Jankélévitch was the son of Russian Jewish parents, who had emigrated to France....

. After working on Hegel
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel was a German philosopher, one of the creators of German Idealism. His historicist and idealist account of reality as a whole revolutionized European philosophy and was an important precursor to Continental philosophy and Marxism.Hegel developed a comprehensive...

's Aesthetics, his Doctoral Studies and Thesis on Wittgenstein was especifically focused on the aesthetical and cultural dimensions
Cultural dimensions
Cultural dimensions are mostly psychological dimensions, or value constructs, which can be used to describe a specific culture. These are often used in Intercultural communication-/Cross-cultural communication-based research....

 of Ludwig Wittgenstein
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein was an Austrian philosopher who worked primarily in logic, the philosophy of mathematics, the philosophy of mind, and the philosophy of language. He was professor in philosophy at the University of Cambridge from 1939 until 1947...

's Philosophical corpus, in relation with Austrian/German culture and Music. Marc Jean-Bernard received his Doctorate in Philosophy at the Sorbonne (Paris 1) for his thesis on Wittgenstein under the direction of Professor Jacques Bouveresse. At the same, time he started an active career as a classical guitarist, conductor and musicologist. He started studying Music formally at a very early age and developed since 1978 a career of classical musician and performed extensively worldwide as a soloist and conductor until 2000.
Having been also trained with American composers and virtuosos, his strong interest and competencies in South American Music, Literature and Culture led him to investigate in a Wittgenstein's way -and interprete as well- narrative and mythical dimensions of Latin American Music
Latin American music
Latin American music, found within Central and South America, is a series of musical styles and genres that mixes influences from Spanish, African and indigenous sources, that has recently become very famous in the US.-Argentina:...

.His life took on a Latin-American
Latin America
Latin America is a region of the Americas where Romance languages  – particularly Spanish and Portuguese, and variably French – are primarily spoken. Latin America has an area of approximately 21,069,500 km² , almost 3.9% of the Earth's surface or 14.1% of its land surface area...

 flavour with a move to Colombia, where he combined the teaching of Philosophy of Language at the Public University with the post of Dean of the Music Faculty at a leading Conservatory. Until 2004, Marc Jean-Bernard's professional life was divided between the worlds of philosophy and music. In that year, a third world was added to them with his nomination as ad honorem
Ad honorem
Ad honorem is a Latin phrase that literally can be translated as "to the honor". When used today, it generally means "for the honor of"; that is, not seeking any material reward. It is commonly used in universities for some unpaid teaching positions....

 Consul
Consul
Consul was the highest elected office of the Roman Republic and an appointive office under the Empire. The title was also used in other city states and also revived in modern states, notably in the First French Republic...

 of France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...

 in Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico , officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico , is an unincorporated territory of the United States, located in the northeastern Caribbean, east of the Dominican Republic and west of both the United States Virgin Islands and the British Virgin Islands.Puerto Rico comprises an...

.[1]
Currently, Professor of Humanities
Humanities
The humanities are academic disciplines that study the human condition, using methods that are primarily analytical, critical, or speculative, as distinguished from the mainly empirical approaches of the natural sciences....

 at the University of Puerto Rico
University of Puerto Rico
The University of Puerto Rico is the state university system of Puerto Rico. The system consists of 11 campuses and has approximately 64,511 students and 5,300 faculty members...

, he maintains his interests in the Culture Theory and the Philosophy of the Arts, the subjects of many essays and papers in French, English and Spanish. He also pursues his musical activities, some of which have been recorded on French labels. He is also active in his consular mission, which is particularly involved in the development of European Studies
European studies
European studies is a field of study offered by many academic colleges and universities that focuses on current developments in European integration....

, through bilateral agreements with overseas universities. Dr. Marc Jean-Bernard is the Director of an International Studies
International studies
International Studies generally refers to the specific University Degrees and courses which are concerned with the study of ‘the major political, economic, social, cultural and sacral issues that dominate the international agenda’...

 Program at the University of Puerto Rico
University of Puerto Rico
The University of Puerto Rico is the state university system of Puerto Rico. The system consists of 11 campuses and has approximately 64,511 students and 5,300 faculty members...

. His current investigations and publications on this subject are dedicated to the dialogue
Dialogue
Dialogue is a literary and theatrical form consisting of a written or spoken conversational exchange between two or more people....

 between Europe and America
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

, with a topical emphasis on Latin America
Latin America
Latin America is a region of the Americas where Romance languages  – particularly Spanish and Portuguese, and variably French – are primarily spoken. Latin America has an area of approximately 21,069,500 km² , almost 3.9% of the Earth's surface or 14.1% of its land surface area...

 from a perspective articulating International Relations
International relations
International relations is the study of relationships between countries, including the roles of states, inter-governmental organizations , international nongovernmental organizations , non-governmental organizations and multinational corporations...

 and Culture
Culture
Culture is a term that has many different inter-related meanings. For example, in 1952, Alfred Kroeber and Clyde Kluckhohn compiled a list of 164 definitions of "culture" in Culture: A Critical Review of Concepts and Definitions...

. Dr. Marc Jean-Bernard is preparing a Spanish and English full publication of his Essays.

In 2010, Dr. Jean-Bernard has been elected Dean
Dean (education)
In academic administration, a dean is a person with significant authority over a specific academic unit, or over a specific area of concern, or both...

 of the Consular Corps
Consular corps
Consular corps is a concept analogous to diplomatic corps, but concerning the staff, estates and work of a consulate....

 of Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico , officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico , is an unincorporated territory of the United States, located in the northeastern Caribbean, east of the Dominican Republic and west of both the United States Virgin Islands and the British Virgin Islands.Puerto Rico comprises an...

.

He has been elected member of the Academy of the Arts and Sciences of Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico , officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico , is an unincorporated territory of the United States, located in the northeastern Caribbean, east of the Dominican Republic and west of both the United States Virgin Islands and the British Virgin Islands.Puerto Rico comprises an...

, between other academical and official distinctions.

Philosophy

Marc Jean Bernard's Philosophy could be accurately described as a musico-philosophical investigation of understanding and interpreting, following the tradition of thinkers such as Merleau-Ponty
Maurice Merleau-Ponty
Maurice Merleau-Ponty was a French phenomenological philosopher, strongly influenced by Karl Marx, Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger in addition to being closely associated with Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir...

, Wittgenstein, Ernst Bloch
Ernst Bloch
Ernst Bloch was a German Marxist philosopher.Bloch was influenced by both Hegel and Marx and, as he always confessed, by novelist Karl May. He was also interested in music and art . He established friendships with Georg Lukács, Bertolt Brecht, Kurt Weill and Theodor W. Adorno...

, Adorno
Theodor W. Adorno
Theodor W. Adorno was a German sociologist, philosopher, and musicologist known for his critical theory of society....

 and Jankélévitch. Such a philosophical perspective assume -after Schopenhauer, Nietzsche and Wittgenstein-, that the blurring of the original unity between Philosophy and Music has to be rethought and overcome. This assumption, equally relevant for the Indo- Iranian, Japanese and Chinese cosmologies, is grounded, in western culture
Western culture
Western culture, sometimes equated with Western civilization or European civilization, refers to cultures of European origin and is used very broadly to refer to a heritage of social norms, ethical values, traditional customs, religious beliefs, political systems, and specific artifacts and...

, on the constructive acknowledgment of the internal relation between the general theory of Lógos, and the theory of αρμονια for which the concept of musiké is one of the major dimensions. This theoretical and dialogical perspective, with its stress on the relevance of cultural hermeneutics, aesthetics and musical thinking for the problematic of unity and diversity in culture(s), entail several methodological demands. These tasks can be equally formulated from a phenomenological, hermeneutical, or grammatical point of view. This open hermeneuticas is focused by Marc Jean-Bernard on both practical and theoretical dimensions:

Epistemic Perspective

The Greek locution Dialegein synthesizes a theoretic set of axiological investigations, corresponding to a unified epistemic methodology which embraces Cultural Hermeneutics, specifically Aesthetics and Ethics. His construction of ethical and aesthetical responsibility stands as a philosophical cantus firmus for the understanding of cultural polyphony.
Intentionality and Cognition
Firstly, Marc Jean-Bernard seeks to provide a philosophical account of cognitive science
Cognitive science
Cognitive science is the interdisciplinary scientific study of mind and its processes. It examines what cognition is, what it does and how it works. It includes research on how information is processed , represented, and transformed in behaviour, nervous system or machine...

s in the field of culture. The extension of research in Philosophy of Mind
Philosophy of mind
Philosophy of mind is a branch of philosophy that studies the nature of the mind, mental events, mental functions, mental properties, consciousness and their relationship to the physical body, particularly the brain. The mind-body problem, i.e...

 and Continental Philosophy
Continental philosophy
Continental philosophy, in contemporary usage, refers to a set of traditions of 19th and 20th century philosophy from mainland Europe. This sense of the term originated among English-speaking philosophers in the second half of the 20th century, who used it to refer to a range of thinkers and...

 assigns a theoretical imperative to ethical and cultural investigations, in order to grammatically fix the amphibology of explanation. In contrast to the anti-functionalism and anti- physicalism
Physicalism
Physicalism is a philosophical position holding that everything which exists is no more extensive than its physical properties; that is, that there are no kinds of things other than physical things...

 of phenomenology and hermeneutics, his research on intentionality and subjectivity induces a deep revision of the dichotomy between the transcendental and analytical accounts of phenomenology. He starts with a clear grammar of the term intentionality
Intentionality
The term intentionality was introduced by Jeremy Bentham as a principle of utility in his doctrine of consciousness for the purpose of distinguishing acts that are intentional and acts that are not...

, unifying its phenomenological and cognitive meaning. Then, a non reductive perspective on Mind and Psychism examines cognitive intentionality (representational consciousness of cognition) and affective intentionality (non representational consciousness and non affective connaturality), following both the phenomenological description of consciousness and the legacy of Wittgenstein’s investigations on perception, knowledge and psychology.

Aesthetic experience as axiology

In his musical or philosophical essays and papers, he stressed the relevance of values in the aesthetic experience considered as a counterpoint of hermeneutic gestures. This insight on symbolic consciousness and truth-content of art is exemplified throughout two ontologically interconnected main fields: Music and Architecture. Considering non- representational and representational semantics of Music and Architecture, the temporalisation and spatialization gestures implied in design and composition embrace the entire sphere of dwelling in a given world, what we call an aesthetical oikonomia. This connection between temporality and spatiality is exposed through recent examples, where axiological and “immunological” claims of a harmonic world are creatively expressed. These paradigmatic topics, focused on architectural design and musical compositions, are chosen between contemporary works from European, Japanese, North and South American cultures.

Knowledge, Art, and Responsibility

Correspondingly, he crystallizes the claim for dialogue between cognitive and hermeneutics in Art, Ethics and Education. His dialogical perspective entails new methodological demands applied to cultural diversity
Cultural diversity
Cultural diversity is having different cultures respect each other's differences. It could also mean the variety of human societies or cultures in a specific region, or in the world as a whole...

. Phenomenological, grammatical, and cognitive approaches of today’s Aesthetic Endeavour induce a corresponding insight of the role of affective intentionality in Ethics. He assumes that we are led to a synoptic view of Responsibility, within a non reductive frame. Responsibility, linking Wittgenstein to Levinas, and phenomenological to cognitive descriptions, emphasizes the exigent core of a philosophical telos. This Duty reaffirms Malraux’s meditation in The Twilight of the Absolute, through the infinite epiphany of Autrui.

Selected readings and musical activity

PAROLES ET MUSIQUE DANS LE MONDE HISPANIQUE, coordination de Philippe Reynés
et de Bruce Kohler ISBN 2-35260-001-4
21,00 €:
'Herméneutique des structures narratives dans l’écriture musicale Latino-américaine
du XX° siècle (Musique symphonique, Musique de Chambre, Opéra
Opera
Opera is an art form in which singers and musicians perform a dramatic work combining text and musical score, usually in a theatrical setting. Opera incorporates many of the elements of spoken theatre, such as acting, scenery, and costumes and sometimes includes dance...

, Théâtre Musical, Ballet).'

EL ARCO PRODIGIOSO, Perspectivas de Pablo Casals
Pablo Casals
Pau Casals i Defilló , known during his professional career as Pablo Casals, was a Spanish Catalan cellist and conductor. He is generally regarded as the pre-eminent cellist of the first half of the 20th century, and one of the greatest cellists of all time...

 y su legado en Puerto Rico, Pedro Angel Reina Perez, Editor, Diciembre de 2009, EMS Editors ISBN 978-0-9817992-7-

'Estéticas de Pau Casals: El Arco entre Música y Ética'

REVISTA UMBRAL N.2, abril 2010, pp. 81–108
ojs.uprrp.edu/index.php/umbral ISSN 2151-8386
Universidad de Puerto Rico,Rec into de Río Piedras

'André Malraux
André Malraux
André Malraux DSO was a French adventurer, award-winning author, and statesman. Having traveled extensively in Indochina and China, Malraux was noted especially for his novel entitled La Condition Humaine , which won the Prix Goncourt...

, Europa
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...

 y los destinos de la cultura mundial'

ENCUENTRO CON EL CARIBE FRANCÉS, Un encuentro entre literatos, historiadores, arqueólogos y antropólogos de Haití, Guadalupe, Martinica y Puerto Rico.
Fundación Cultural Educativa Inc- copyright Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña, 2010

""André Malraux
André Malraux
André Malraux DSO was a French adventurer, award-winning author, and statesman. Having traveled extensively in Indochina and China, Malraux was noted especially for his novel entitled La Condition Humaine , which won the Prix Goncourt...

 et les métamorphoses de l'Imaginaire Antillais""

Magistral Opening Conference dictated and published in Spanish for the ENCUENTRO CON EL CARIBE FRANCÉS,
FIRST INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THE FRENCH CARIBBEAN, MARCH, 10-14, 2009 Instituto de Estudios Avanzados de PR y del Caribe, IEA/ Instituto de Cultura de PR

L'EXIL ESPAÑOL DANS LES AMÉRIQUES, Coordination Ernesto Mächler-Tobar
ISBN 2-35260-073-1
22.00 €:

""Cantus Firmus d'un exil musico-philosophique: la geste de Pau Casals à Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico , officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico , is an unincorporated territory of the United States, located in the northeastern Caribbean, east of the Dominican Republic and west of both the United States Virgin Islands and the British Virgin Islands.Puerto Rico comprises an...

 (1955-1973)""

Marc Jean-Bernard's musical career mirror his thinking, which is exposed and published in three languages through multiples essays and conferences to be soon republished in a synthetic way.
Echoing Bernard Holland
Bernard Holland
Bernard Holland is an internationally recognized American music critic. He served on the staff of The New York Times from 1981 until 2008 and held the post of chief music critic from 1995, contributing 4,575 articles to the newspaper....

 in The New York Times
The New York Times
The New York Times is an American daily newspaper founded and continuously published in New York City since 1851. The New York Times has won 106 Pulitzer Prizes, the most of any news organization...

 in 1982, Jean Gallois sinthetized the enthusiastic reception of his concerts by the public: “ C’est splendide; oyez, oyez bonnes gens ! Un merveilleux guitariste nous est né”.
Marc Jean-Bernard's Recital programs reflect his philosophical conception of music and project his conception of the social mission of the classical performer. Tour recitals and recordings have been always dedicated to the insight of the musical thinking of specific composers. According to this goal, Marc Jean-Bernard's discography is focused on complete works or cycles, fully documented by commentaries.
Joaquín RODRIGO
Joaquín Rodrigo
Joaquín Rodrigo Vidre, 1st Marquis of the Gardens of Aranjuez , commonly known as Joaquín Rodrigo, was a composer of classical music and a virtuoso pianist. Despite being nearly blind from an early age, he achieved great success...


L’Oeuvre Complète pour Guitare (2 CD Dante/Lys D 005/6)
Fantasia para un Gentilhombre (Dante/Lys 022)
Leo BROUWER
Leo Brouwer
Juan Leovigildo Brouwer Mezquida is a Cuban composer, conductor and guitarist. He is the grandson of Cuban composer Ernestina Lecuona Casado.-Biography:...


Works for Solo Guitar (Pierre Vérany/Agone V 0006)
Mario CASTELNUOVO-TEDESCO
Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco
Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco was an Italian composer. He was known as one of the foremost guitar composers in the twentieth century with almost one hundred compositions for that instrument. In 1939 he migrated to the United States and became a film composer for some 200 Hollywood movies for the next...


Complete Works for Solo Guitar,Vol.1 ( Dante/Lys )
Heitor VILLA-LOBOS
Heitor Villa-Lobos
Heitor Villa-Lobos was a Brazilian composer, described as "the single most significant creative figure in 20th-century Brazilian art music". Villa-Lobos has become the best-known and most significant Latin American composer to date. He wrote numerous orchestral, chamber, instrumental and vocal works...


Mélodies pour soprano et Guitare (Mélothèque-MEL 0001)
Bachianas Brasileiras N° 5.

External links

  • http://www.jeanbernardfoundation.com/
  • http://www.consulfrance-puertorico.org/
  • http://www.consularcorpspr.org/
  • http://www.empresasocial.uprm.edu/public_main/files_calendario/programacion_cultural_2008.pdf
  • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lcTRlaeH7nQ&hd=1
The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
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