Legio XXI Rapax

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Legio XXI Rapax

Legio vigesima prima Rapax (21st Predator Legion) was a Roman legion
Roman legion

The Roman Legion is a term that can apply both as a translation of legio to the entire Roman army and also, more narrowly , to the heavy infantry that was the basic military unit of the Roman army in the period of the late Roman Republic and the Roman Empire....
levied in 31 BC by Augustus, probably from men previously enlisted in other legions. The XXI Rapax was destroyed in 92
92

Year 92 was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar....
by the Dacians
Dacians

The Dacians were an Indo-European people, the ancient inhabitants of Dacia , present-day Romania and Moldova, parts of Sarmatia and Scythia Minor in southeastern Europe ....
and Sarmatians. The symbol of the legion was a capricorn
Capricorn

Capricorn may refer to:* Capricornus, one of the constellations of the zodiac* Capricorn , the sign represented by the above constellation* Capricorn , a manga series created by Johji Manabe...
.

Augustus probably sent his new XXIst legion to Hispania Tarraconensis
Hispania Tarraconensis

Hispania Tarraconensis was one of three Roman provinces in Hispania. It encompassed much of the Mediterranean coast of Spain along with the central plateau and the north coast, and part of northern Portugal....
to fight the campaign against the Cantabrians
Cantabrian Wars

The Cantabrian Wars or Astur-Cantabrian Wars occurred during the Ancient Rome conquest of the provinces of Cantabria, Asturias and Le?n. They were the final stage of the conquest of Hispania....
. XXI Rapax was one of the five legions used by Drusus
Nero Claudius Drusus

Nero Claudius Drusus Germanicus , born Decimus Claudius Drusus also called Drusus, Drusus I, Nero Drusus, or Drusus the Elder was a Roman Empire politician and military commander....
to suppress the rebellion of the Raetians, in 16
16 BC

Year 16 BC was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar....
-15 BC.

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Encyclopedia

Legio vigesima prima Rapax (21st Predator Legion) was a Roman legion
Roman legion

The Roman Legion is a term that can apply both as a translation of legio to the entire Roman army and also, more narrowly , to the heavy infantry that was the basic military unit of the Roman army in the period of the late Roman Republic and the Roman Empire....
levied in 31 BC by Augustus, probably from men previously enlisted in other legions. The XXI Rapax was destroyed in 92
92

Year 92 was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar....
by the Dacians
Dacians

The Dacians were an Indo-European people, the ancient inhabitants of Dacia , present-day Romania and Moldova, parts of Sarmatia and Scythia Minor in southeastern Europe ....
and Sarmatians. The symbol of the legion was a capricorn
Capricorn

Capricorn may refer to:* Capricornus, one of the constellations of the zodiac* Capricorn , the sign represented by the above constellation* Capricorn , a manga series created by Johji Manabe...
.

Augustus probably sent his new XXIst legion to Hispania Tarraconensis
Hispania Tarraconensis

Hispania Tarraconensis was one of three Roman provinces in Hispania. It encompassed much of the Mediterranean coast of Spain along with the central plateau and the north coast, and part of northern Portugal....
to fight the campaign against the Cantabrians
Cantabrian Wars

The Cantabrian Wars or Astur-Cantabrian Wars occurred during the Ancient Rome conquest of the provinces of Cantabria, Asturias and Le?n. They were the final stage of the conquest of Hispania....
. XXI Rapax was one of the five legions used by Drusus
Nero Claudius Drusus

Nero Claudius Drusus Germanicus , born Decimus Claudius Drusus also called Drusus, Drusus I, Nero Drusus, or Drusus the Elder was a Roman Empire politician and military commander....
to suppress the rebellion of the Raetians, in 16
16 BC

Year 16 BC was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar....
-15 BC. From 15 BC, the legion was stationed in Castra Regina (Regensburg
Regensburg

Regensburg is a city in Bavaria, Germany, located at the confluence of the Danube and Regen River rivers, at the northernmost bend in the Danube....
), in the new province of Raetia
Raetia

File:REmpire Rhetia.pngRaetia was a Roman province of the Roman Empire, bounded on the west by the country of the Helvetii, on the east by Noricum, on the north by Vindelicia, and on the south by Cisalpine Gaul....
.

After the disaster of the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest
Battle of the Teutoburg Forest

The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest took place in 9 A.D. when an alliance of Germanic tribes led by Arminius, the son of Segimer of the Cherusci, ambushed and destroyed three Roman Empire Roman legions led by Publius Quinctilius Varus....
, the legion was sent as reinforcements to Germania Inferior
Germania Inferior

Germania Inferior was a Ancient Rome Roman provinces located on the left bank of the Rhine, in today's southern and western Netherlands, parts of Flanders, and North Rhine-Westphalia left of the Rhine....
, where they shared the base camp of Castra Vetera (Xanten
Xanten

Xanten is a historic town in the North Rhine-Westphalia state of Germany, located in the district of Wesel . Xanten is known for the Archaeological Park , its mediaeval picturesque city centre with Xanten Cathedral and many museums, its large man-made lake for various watersport activities as well as high standard of living....
) with V Alaudae
Legio V Alaudae

Legio quinta Alaudae sometimes known as Gallica, was levied by Julius Caesar in 52 BC from native Gauls. Their emblem was an elephant, and their cognomen Alaudae came from the high crest on their helmets, typical of the Gauls, which made them look like larks....
. In 43
43

Year 43 was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar....
, they were relocated in Vindonissa
Vindonissa

Vindonissa was a Ancient Rome legion camp at modern Windisch, Switzerland. It was probably established in AD 15. In an expansion around 30, thermal baths were added....
, in the province of Germania Superior
Germania Superior

Germania Superior , so called for the reason that it lay upstream of Germania Inferior, was a Roman province of the Roman Empire. It comprised the area of western Switzerland, the French Jura mountains and Alsace regions and south-western Germany....
.

The legio has occupied Vindonissa from 46 to 69 with two auxiliary cohorts, first the III Hispanorum and VI Raetorum, and later the VII Raetorum equitata and the XXVI voluntariorum civium Romanorum.

Along with the rest of the German
Germania

Germania was the Latin language exonym for a geographical area of land on the east bank of the River Rhine , which included regions of Sarmatia as well as an area under Ancient Rome control on the west bank of the Rhine....
border army, the XXI Rapax supported its commander, Vitellius
Vitellius

Aulus Vitellius Germanicus, born Aulus Vitellius and commonly known as Vitellius , was a Roman Emperors who reigned from 16 April 69 to 22 December of the same year....
, in the Year of the Four Emperors
Year of the Four Emperors

The Year of the Four Emperors was a year in the history of the Roman Empire, AD 69, in which four emperors ruled in a remarkable succession. These four emperors were Galba, Otho, Vitellius, and Vespasian....
(69
69

Year 69 was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar....
) and marched to besiege Rome
Rome

Rome is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city, with 2,724,347 residents in an urban area of some ....
. Vitellius was, however, defeated by Vespasian
Vespasian

Titus Flavius Vespasianus, commonly known as Vespasian , was a Roman Emperor who reigned from 69 A.D. until his death in 79 A.D. Vespasian was the founder of the short lived Flavian dynasty, which ruled the Roman Empire between 69 A.D....
before the end of the year.

In 70
70

Year 70 was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar....
, the legion was part of the army sent to deal with the Batavian rebellion
Batavian rebellion

The Revolt of the Batavi took place in the Roman province of Germania Inferior between 69 and 70 AD. It was an uprising against Roman rule by the Batavi and other tribes in the province and in Gaul....
and relieve the four legions imprisoned by Civilis
Gaius Julius Civilis

Gaius Julius Civilis was the leader of the Batavian rebellion against the Romans in 69. By his nomen, it can be told that he was made a Roman citizen by either Augustus or Caligula....
. After that they were sent to Germania Superior, where they shared the castrum (camp) of Moguntiacum (modern day Mainz
Mainz

Mainz is a city in Germany and the capital of the Germany States of Germany of Rhineland-Palatinate. It was a politically important seat of the Prince-elector of Mainz under the Holy Roman Empire, and previously was a Roman Empire fort city which commanded the west bank of the Rhine River and formed part of the northernmost frontier of th...
) with XIV Gemina
Legio XIV Gemina

Legio decima quarta Gemina was a Roman legion of the Roman Empire, levied by Augustus after 41 BC. The cognomen Gemina suggests that the legion resulted from fusion of two previous ones, one of them possibly being the Fourteenth legion that fought in the Battle of Alesia....
.

In 89
89

Year 89 was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar....
, the legions in Moguntiacum supported their commander, Lucius Antonius Saturninus
Lucius Antonius Saturninus

Lucius Antonius Saturninus was Roman governor of Germania Superior during the reign of the Emperor Domitian. In the Spring of 89, motivated by a personal grudge against the Emperor, he led a rebellion known as the Revolt of Saturninus, involving the legions Legio XIV Gemina and Legio XXI Rapax, camped in Moguntiacum ....
, in his revolt against emperor Domitian
Domitian

Titus Flavius Domitianus , commonly known as Domitian, was a Roman Emperor who reigned from 14 September 81 until his death. Domitian was the last emperor of the Flavian dynasty, which ruled the Roman Empire between 69 and 96, encompassing the reigns of Domitian's father Vespasian , his elder brother Titus , and that of Domitian himself...
. After the end of this harmless insurrection, the legions were separated and XXI Rapax sent to Pannonia
Pannonia

Pannonia is an ancient province of the Roman Empire bounded north and east by the Danube, coterminous westward with Noricum and upper Italy, and southward with Dalmatia and upper Moesia....
. The legio was sent in Moesia
Moesia

Moesia was an ancient region and Roman province situated in the areas of modern Serbia, Bulgaria and Romania along the south bank of the Danube River....
Inferior where they were destroyed at Tropaeum Traiani
Tropaeum Traiani

The Tropaeum Traiani is a monument in Roman Civitas Tropaensium , built in 109 in then Moesia Inferior, to commemorate Roman Emperor's Trajan victory over the Dacians, in 102, in the Battle of Tapae....
during the revolt of the Sarmatians in 92
92

Year 92 was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar....
.

See also

List of Roman legions
List of Roman legions

This is a list of Roman legions, including key facts about each legion,primarily focusing on Principate legions, for which there exists substantial literary, epigraphic and archaeological evidence....
Roman legion
Roman legion

The Roman Legion is a term that can apply both as a translation of legio to the entire Roman army and also, more narrowly , to the heavy infantry that was the basic military unit of the Roman army in the period of the late Roman Republic and the Roman Empire....

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