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Julius Guttmann (Hebrew: ?????? ?????), born Yitzchak Guttmann (April 15, 1880, Hildesheim
Hildesheim

is a city in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is located in the district of Hildesheim , about 30 km southeast of Hanover on the banks of the Innerste river, which is a small tributary of the Leine river....
 - May 19, 1950, Jerusalem
Jerusalem

Jerusalem is the capital of Israel and its List of Israeli cities in both population and area, with a population of 747,600 residents over an area of if Positions on Jerusalem East Jerusalem is included....
) was a German
Germany

Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands....
-born rabbi
Rabbi

Rabbi , in Judaism, means a religious ?teacher?, or more literally, ?my great one?, when addressing any master. The word rabbi derives from the Hebrew root word , rav, which in biblical Hebrew means ?great?, used in many senses, including the sense of a ?master? and apprentice, whence someone who is a distinguished ?teacher?....
, Jewish theologian, and philosopher of religion.

us was born to Rabbi Jakob Guttmann
Jakob Guttmann (rabbi)

Rabbi Jakob Guttmann was a Germany Jewish theology, Philosophy of religion .He was the father of Julius Guttmann....
 (1845-1919) while Jakob served as Chief Rabbi
Chief Rabbi

Chief Rabbi is a title given in several countries to the recognized religious leader of that country's Jewish community, or to a rabbinic leader appointed by the local secular authorities....
 at Hildesheim
Hildesheim

is a city in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is located in the district of Hildesheim , about 30 km southeast of Hanover on the banks of the Innerste river, which is a small tributary of the Leine river....
 during the years 1874-1892, when Hildesheim still had a large Jewish population. Jakob himself published papers on a number of philosophical topics.






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Julius Guttmann (Hebrew: ?????? ?????), born Yitzchak Guttmann (April 15, 1880, Hildesheim
Hildesheim

is a city in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is located in the district of Hildesheim , about 30 km southeast of Hanover on the banks of the Innerste river, which is a small tributary of the Leine river....
 - May 19, 1950, Jerusalem
Jerusalem

Jerusalem is the capital of Israel and its List of Israeli cities in both population and area, with a population of 747,600 residents over an area of if Positions on Jerusalem East Jerusalem is included....
) was a German
Germany

Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands....
-born rabbi
Rabbi

Rabbi , in Judaism, means a religious ?teacher?, or more literally, ?my great one?, when addressing any master. The word rabbi derives from the Hebrew root word , rav, which in biblical Hebrew means ?great?, used in many senses, including the sense of a ?master? and apprentice, whence someone who is a distinguished ?teacher?....
, Jewish theologian, and philosopher of religion.

Biography

Julius was born to Rabbi Jakob Guttmann
Jakob Guttmann (rabbi)

Rabbi Jakob Guttmann was a Germany Jewish theology, Philosophy of religion .He was the father of Julius Guttmann....
 (1845-1919) while Jakob served as Chief Rabbi
Chief Rabbi

Chief Rabbi is a title given in several countries to the recognized religious leader of that country's Jewish community, or to a rabbinic leader appointed by the local secular authorities....
 at Hildesheim
Hildesheim

is a city in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is located in the district of Hildesheim , about 30 km southeast of Hanover on the banks of the Innerste river, which is a small tributary of the Leine river....
 during the years 1874-1892, when Hildesheim still had a large Jewish population. Jakob himself published papers on a number of philosophical topics. The family moved to Breslau in 1880.

Julius received his basic training at the Breslau Rabbinical Seminary and the University of Breslau. He was Lecturer at Breslau from 1910-1919, and Lecturer at the Hochschule for the Academic Study of Judaism
Hochschule für die Wissenschaft des Judentums

The Hochschule f?r die Wissenschaft des Judentums, or Higher Institute for Jewish Studies, was a rabbinical seminary, established in Berlin in 1872 destroyed by the Nazi government of Germany in 1942....
 (The Reform Seminary) in Berlin
Berlin

Berlin is the Capital of Germany city and one of sixteen States of Germany of Germany. With a population of 3.4 million within its city limits, Berlin is the country's largest city....
 from 1919-1934. At that time, he became Professor of Jewish Philosophy at Hebrew University, a position which he held until his death.

Works

Guttmann is best known for Die Philosophie des Judentums (Reinhardt
Reinhardt

Reinhardt may refer to:* Reinhardt College, Waleska, Georgia, USAPeople with the surname Reinhardt:*Reinhardt People with the given name Reinhardt:...
, 1933), translations of which are available in Hebrew, Spanish
Spanish language

Spanish or Castilian is a Romance languages that originated in northern Spain, and gradually spread in the Kingdom of Castile and evolved into the principal language of government and trade....
, English
English language

English is a West Germanic language that originated in Anglo-Saxon England and has lingua franca status in many parts of the world as a result of the military, economic, scientific, political and cultural influence of the British Empire in the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries and that of the United States from the mid 20th century onwa...
, Japanese
Japanese language

IPA: [n?iho?go] is a language spoken by over 130 million people in Japan and in Japanese emigrant communities. It is related to the Ryukyuan languages....
, etc. The English title is Philosophies of Judaism: The History of Jewish Philosophy from Biblical Times to Franz Rosenzweig (New York, 1964). The unusual plural "Philosophies" in the book's title is not a translation glitch, but rather reflects the book's attitude toward the diversity of Jewish thought and Jewish thinkers; there is not a singular "Jewish philosophy."

sees in this publication "the last product in the direct line of the authentic Judaeo-German 'Science of Judaism'," more commonly known as Wissenschaft des Judentums
Wissenschaft des Judentums

Wissenschaft des Judentums , refers to a nineteenth-century movement premised on the critical investigation of Jewish literature and culture, including rabbinic literature, using scientific methods to analyze the origins of Jewish traditions....
. While that movement did not utterly expire with the publication Guttman's work—its spirit living on in the work of G. Scholem and H.A. Wolfson among many others—it is certainly the case that the Wissenschaft movement in Germany had by the 1930's already ceased to thrive.

The original German edition of Philosophie des Judentums ends with Hermann Cohen
Hermann Cohen

Hermann Cohen was a Germany-Jewish philosophy, one of the founders of the University of Marburg School of Neo-Kantianism, and he is often held to be "probably the most important Jewish philosopher of the nineteenth century" ....
, the primary influence on Guttman's own philosophy, while the later Hebrew edition includes Franz Rosenzweig
Franz Rosenzweig

Franz Rosenzweig was an influential Jewish theology and philosophy....
. It is also notable that Guttman's work excludes major thinkers of the Kabbalistic school, which reflects his own attitude toward Jewish philosophy
Jewish philosophy

Jewish philosophy refers to the conjunction between serious study of philosophy and Jewish theology. In a broad sense, it refers to all philosophical activity carried out by Jews or in relation to the religion of Judaism....
 (Werblowsky 1964).

Personalities Appearing in "Die Philosophie des Judentums"

  • Chiwi al-Balkhi
  • Saadia ben Joseph
  • Isaac Israeli
    Isaac Israeli

    Isaac Israeli may refer to:#Isaac Israeli ben Solomon, ninth-century Jewish physician and scientist#Isaac Israeli ben Joseph, fourteenth-century Jewish astronomer...
  • Solomon ibn Gabirol
    Solomon ibn Gabirol

    Solomon ibn Gabirol, also Solomon ben Judah was an al-Andalus Hebrew poet and Jewish philosopher. He was born in M?laga about 1021; died about 1058 in Valencia ....
  • Bahya ibn Paquda
    Bahya ibn Paquda

    Bahya ben Joseph ibn Paquda was a Jewish philosopher and rabbi who lived at Saragossa, Spain, in the first half of the eleventh century. He is often referred to as Rabbeinu Bachya....
  • Yehuda Halevy
  • Abraham ibn Daud
    Abraham ibn Daud

    Abraham ibn Daud was a History of the Jews in Spain astronomy, historian, and philosopher; born at Toledo, Spain about 1110; died, according to common report, a martyr about 1180....
  • Moses Maimonides
  • Levi ben Gerson
  • Chasdai Crescas
  • Moses Mendelssohn
    Moses Mendelssohn

    Moses Mendelssohn was a German Jewish philosopher to whose ideas the renaissance of European Jews, Haskalah is indebted. For some he was the third Moses heralding a new era in the history of the Jewish people....
  • Spinoza
  • Solomon Formstecher
    Solomon Formstecher

    Solomon Formstecher was a German rabbi and student of Jewish theology.Formstecher was born at Offenbach July 28, 1808. After graduating from the Giessen University, he settled in his native city as preacher, succeeding Rabbi Metz in 1842; he filled this office until his death on April 24, 1889....
  • Samuel Hirsch
    Samuel Hirsch

    Samuel Hirsch, was a major Reform Judaism religious philosopher and rabbi.Born in Thalfang, He first became rabbi at Dessau in 1838 but was forced to resign in 1841 because he promoted a radically liberal form of Judaism, later to become known as classic German Reform Judaism....
  • Nachman Krochmal
    Nachman Krochmal

    Nachman Kohen Krochmal was a Jewish Austrian philosopher, theology, and historian....
  • Salomon Ludwig Steinheim
  • Moritz Lazarus
    Moritz Lazarus

    Moritz Lazarus , born at Filehne, in the Prussian province of Province of Posen, was a Germany philosopher, psychologist, and a vocal opponent of the anti-Semitism of his time....
  • Hermann Cohen
    Hermann Cohen

    Hermann Cohen was a Germany-Jewish philosophy, one of the founders of the University of Marburg School of Neo-Kantianism, and he is often held to be "probably the most important Jewish philosopher of the nineteenth century" ....
  • Franz Rosenzweig
    Franz Rosenzweig

    Franz Rosenzweig was an influential Jewish theology and philosophy....


See also

  • Isaac Husik
    Isaac Husik

    Isaac Husik was a Jewish historian, translator, and student of philosophy, one of the first three individuals to serve as official faculty at Gratz College in Philadelphia....
    , whose English language
    English language

    English is a West Germanic language that originated in Anglo-Saxon England and has lingua franca status in many parts of the world as a result of the military, economic, scientific, political and cultural influence of the British Empire in the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries and that of the United States from the mid 20th century onwa...
     history of medieval Jewish philosophy bears similarities to Guttmann's Philosophies of Judaism.