Jean-Baptiste Dumonceau
Encyclopedia
Count Jean-Baptiste Dumonceau de Bergendal (7 November 1760, Brussels
– 29 December 1821, Forest
was a general from the Southern Netherlands
, in the service of France
and the Netherlands
.
. He became a lieutenant colonel in that unit in November 1789. After the revolution was stopped in 1790, he fled and offered the First French Republic his services, commanding a battalion of the Belgian legion
, fighting at and rising to général de brigade in 1793 after his defence of the approaches to Lille
against the young comte de Bouillé
.
Fighting in the invasion of the Dutch Republic
under general Pichegru in 1795, he moved to the Batavian Republic
's army as a lieutenant-general. In 1796 he commanding the troops protecting the provinces of Groningen
, Friesland
and Drenthe
, before being made military governor of the Hague
. During the Anglo-Russian Invasion of Holland
he brought up two-thirds of his 2nd Batavian division in forced marches from Friesland and he arrived on September 8 to take on a position in the center of the Franco-Batavian front, around Alkmaar, in time for the Battle of Krabbendam
. He was then reinforced with the 7th Half-brigade of Daendels' division. He was wounded at the battle of Bergen (1799)
and was thus unable to participate in the Battle of Alkmaar
. In 1805 he commanded the corps of Batavian troops placed under the command of maréchal Mortier.
After the Batavian Republic's transformation into the Kingdom of Holland
under Louis Bonaparte
in 1806, general Dumonceau became a conseiller d'État and marshal of Holland. He regularly commanded Dutch troops in the Napoleonic Wars
and on 30 March 1809 was made a naturalised Dutch citizen by king Louis. He was later made count of Bergenduin on 15 April 1810. After Holland's annexation by France in July 1810, Dumonceau was made a comte de l'Empire by Napoleon I of France
on 28 January 1811, then count of Bergendal, with the establishment of majorat in département d'Ombrone
on 2 May 1811.
He fought in the 1813 campaign under general Vandamme and guaranteed the army's retreat after Vandamme's capture at the battle of Kulm
. Dumonceau was then captured himself at Dresden
on 11 November 1813 with maréchal Gouvion-Saint-Cyr, remaining a prisoner until Napoleon's abdication in April 1814. He played no role during the Hundred Days
That is not the truth! reference: http://www.nationaalarchief.nl/webviews/page.webview?eadid=NL-HaNA_2.21.056&pageid=N10093 and resigned his rank of French général de division on 4 September 1815.And he was Count du monceau by William I by royal decree ref: http://www.stanmaas.nl/content/dumonceau.html He then returned to the Netherlands
and became aide de camp to William I of the Netherlands
. he was elected deputy for Brabant-Méridional
à la Tweede Kamer from 15 March 1820 until his death in 1821.
then Wilhelmina
. A Comte du Monceau was also co regent of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
before the majority of Queen Wilhelmina.. But the du Monceau are called as Count du Monceau and they rarely use today the title of the Count de Bergenduin.
Ref also : http://www.stanmaas.nl/content/dumonceau.html
Brussels
Brussels , officially the Brussels Region or Brussels-Capital Region , is the capital of Belgium and the de facto capital of the European Union...
– 29 December 1821, Forest
Forest, Belgium
Forest or Vorst is one of the nineteen municipalities located in the Brussels-Capital Region of Belgium.The town is commonly known for its concert hall...
was a general from the Southern Netherlands
Southern Netherlands
Southern Netherlands were a part of the Low Countries controlled by Spain , Austria and annexed by France...
, in the service of France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
and the Netherlands
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
.
Life
At first destined for a career as an architect (for which he showed a marked disposition), he fought in his first battles in 1788 as a volunteer in the Canaris (after its uniform's colour) cavalry regiment during the Brabant RevolutionBrabant Revolution
The Brabant Revolution took place between January 1789 and December 1790, when a popular revolt broke in the Austrian Netherlands against the unpopular reforms of the Emperor Joseph II...
. He became a lieutenant colonel in that unit in November 1789. After the revolution was stopped in 1790, he fled and offered the First French Republic his services, commanding a battalion of the Belgian legion
Belgian Legion
Several military units have been known as the Belgian Legion:-French Revolution:The first Belgian and liégeois legions were formed in 1792 from volunteers who had come to serve the First French Republic from the Austrian Netherlands and Principality of Liège respectively...
, fighting at and rising to général de brigade in 1793 after his defence of the approaches to Lille
Lille
Lille is a city in northern France . It is the principal city of the Lille Métropole, the fourth-largest metropolitan area in the country behind those of Paris, Lyon and Marseille. Lille is situated on the Deûle River, near France's border with Belgium...
against the young comte de Bouillé
Louis de Bouillé
Louis de Bouillé was a French general. He was the son and brother of the two Bouillés who participated in Louis XVI's attempted Flight to Varennes....
.
Fighting in the invasion of the Dutch Republic
Dutch Republic
The Dutch Republic — officially known as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands , the Republic of the United Netherlands, or the Republic of the Seven United Provinces — was a republic in Europe existing from 1581 to 1795, preceding the Batavian Republic and ultimately...
under general Pichegru in 1795, he moved to the Batavian Republic
Batavian Republic
The Batavian Republic was the successor of the Republic of the United Netherlands. It was proclaimed on January 19, 1795, and ended on June 5, 1806, with the accession of Louis Bonaparte to the throne of the Kingdom of Holland....
's army as a lieutenant-general. In 1796 he commanding the troops protecting the provinces of Groningen
Groningen (province)
Groningen [] is the northeasternmost province of the Netherlands. In the east it borders the German state of Niedersachsen , in the south Drenthe, in the west Friesland and in the north the Wadden Sea...
, Friesland
Friesland
Friesland is a province in the north of the Netherlands and part of the ancient region of Frisia.Until the end of 1996, the province bore Friesland as its official name. In 1997 this Dutch name lost its official status to the Frisian Fryslân...
and Drenthe
Drenthe
Drenthe is a province of the Netherlands, located in the north-east of the country. The capital city is Assen. It is bordered by Overijssel to the south, Friesland to the west, Groningen to the north, and Germany to the east.-History:Drenthe, unlike many other parts of the Netherlands, has been a...
, before being made military governor of the Hague
The Hague
The Hague is the capital city of the province of South Holland in the Netherlands. With a population of 500,000 inhabitants , it is the third largest city of the Netherlands, after Amsterdam and Rotterdam...
. During the Anglo-Russian Invasion of Holland
Anglo-Russian Invasion of Holland
The Anglo-Russian invasion of Holland refers to the campaign of 27 August to 19 November 1799 during the War of the Second Coalition, in which an expeditionary force of British and Russian troops invaded the North-Holland peninsula in the Batavian Republic...
he brought up two-thirds of his 2nd Batavian division in forced marches from Friesland and he arrived on September 8 to take on a position in the center of the Franco-Batavian front, around Alkmaar, in time for the Battle of Krabbendam
Battle of Krabbendam (1799)
The Battle of Krabbendam of 10 September 1799 was fought during the Anglo-Russian Invasion of Holland between forces of the French Republic and her ally, the Batavian Republic, under the command of French general Guillaume Marie Anne Brune on one side, and a British division under general Sir...
. He was then reinforced with the 7th Half-brigade of Daendels' division. He was wounded at the battle of Bergen (1799)
Battle of Bergen (1799)
The Battle of Bergen, also called the Battle of Bergen-Binnen, was fought on 19 September 1799, and resulted in a French-Dutch victory under General Brune and General Daendels against the Russians and British under the Duke of York who had landed in North Holland...
and was thus unable to participate in the Battle of Alkmaar
Battle of Alkmaar (1799)
The Battle of Alkmaar was fought on 2 October 1799 between forces of the French Republic and her ally, the Batavian Republic under the command of general Guillaume Marie Anne Brune, and an expeditionary force from Great Britain and her ally Russia, commanded by Prince Frederick, Duke of York...
. In 1805 he commanded the corps of Batavian troops placed under the command of maréchal Mortier.
After the Batavian Republic's transformation into the Kingdom of Holland
Kingdom of Holland
The Kingdom of Holland 1806–1810 was set up by Napoleon Bonaparte as a puppet kingdom for his third brother, Louis Bonaparte, in order to better control the Netherlands. The name of the leading province, Holland, was now taken for the whole country...
under Louis Bonaparte
Louis Bonaparte
Louis Napoléon Bonaparte, Prince Français, Comte de Saint-Leu , King of Holland , was the fifth surviving child and the fourth surviving son of Carlo Buonaparte and Letizia Ramolino...
in 1806, general Dumonceau became a conseiller d'État and marshal of Holland. He regularly commanded Dutch troops in the Napoleonic Wars
Napoleonic Wars
The Napoleonic Wars were a series of wars declared against Napoleon's French Empire by opposing coalitions that ran from 1803 to 1815. As a continuation of the wars sparked by the French Revolution of 1789, they revolutionised European armies and played out on an unprecedented scale, mainly due to...
and on 30 March 1809 was made a naturalised Dutch citizen by king Louis. He was later made count of Bergenduin on 15 April 1810. After Holland's annexation by France in July 1810, Dumonceau was made a comte de l'Empire by Napoleon I of France
Napoleon I of France
Napoleon Bonaparte was a French military and political leader during the latter stages of the French Revolution.As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1815...
on 28 January 1811, then count of Bergendal, with the establishment of majorat in département d'Ombrone
Ombrone (département)
Ombrone was a former département during the First French Empire in modern-day Italy. It was named after the river Ombrone and was formed in 1808 when Tuscany was annexed by France. Its capital was Siena. It was divided into the following arrondissements :...
on 2 May 1811.
He fought in the 1813 campaign under general Vandamme and guaranteed the army's retreat after Vandamme's capture at the battle of Kulm
Battle of Kulm
The Battle of Kulm was a battle near the town Kulm and the village Přestanov in northern Bohemia. It was fought on 29–30 August 1813, during the War of the Sixth Coalition...
. Dumonceau was then captured himself at Dresden
Dresden
Dresden is the capital city of the Free State of Saxony in Germany. It is situated in a valley on the River Elbe, near the Czech border. The Dresden conurbation is part of the Saxon Triangle metropolitan area....
on 11 November 1813 with maréchal Gouvion-Saint-Cyr, remaining a prisoner until Napoleon's abdication in April 1814. He played no role during the Hundred Days
Hundred Days
The Hundred Days, sometimes known as the Hundred Days of Napoleon or Napoleon's Hundred Days for specificity, marked the period between Emperor Napoleon I of France's return from exile on Elba to Paris on 20 March 1815 and the second restoration of King Louis XVIII on 8 July 1815...
That is not the truth! reference: http://www.nationaalarchief.nl/webviews/page.webview?eadid=NL-HaNA_2.21.056&pageid=N10093 and resigned his rank of French général de division on 4 September 1815.And he was Count du monceau by William I by royal decree ref: http://www.stanmaas.nl/content/dumonceau.html He then returned to the Netherlands
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
and became aide de camp to William I of the Netherlands
William I of the Netherlands
William I Frederick, born Willem Frederik Prins van Oranje-Nassau , was a Prince of Orange and the first King of the Netherlands and Grand Duke of Luxembourg....
. he was elected deputy for Brabant-Méridional
Province of Brabant
Brabant was a province of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands from 1815 until 1830 and a province of Belgium from 1830 until 1995, when it was split into the Dutch-speaking Flemish Brabant, the French-speaking Walloon Brabant and the bilingual Brussels-Capital Region.-United Kingdom of the...
à la Tweede Kamer from 15 March 1820 until his death in 1821.
Marriage and issue
General Dumonceau married twice. His first marriage was to Anne-Marie Collinet in Brussels on 5 May 1782. After her death on 15 June 1795, he married Agnes Wilhelmina Cremers at Groningen on 22 May 1796. His son Jean-François Dumonceau (1790–1884), his grandson Charles-Henri-Félix (1827–1918) and his great-grandson Charles-Joseph-Henri-Félix Dumonceau (1859–1952) were all aides de camp to William IIIWilliam III of the Netherlands
William III was from 1849 King of the Netherlands and Grand Duke of Luxembourg until his death and the Duke of Limburg until the abolition of the Duchy in 1866.-Early life:William was born in Brussels as son of William II of the Netherlands and...
then Wilhelmina
Wilhelmina of the Netherlands
Wilhelmina was Queen regnant of the Kingdom of the Netherlands from 1890 to 1948. She ruled the Netherlands for fifty-eight years, longer than any other Dutch monarch. Her reign saw World War I and World War II, the economic crisis of 1933, and the decline of the Netherlands as a major colonial...
. A Comte du Monceau was also co regent of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
Kingdom of the Netherlands
The Kingdom of the Netherlands is a sovereign state and constitutional monarchy with territory in Western Europe and in the Caribbean. The four parts of the Kingdom—Aruba, Curaçao, the Netherlands, and Sint Maarten—are referred to as "countries", and participate on a basis of equality...
before the majority of Queen Wilhelmina.. But the du Monceau are called as Count du Monceau and they rarely use today the title of the Count de Bergenduin.
Ref also : http://www.stanmaas.nl/content/dumonceau.html
Namesakes
- In Brussels:
Sources
- Jean TulardJean TulardJean Tulard is a French academic and historian, specialising in the history of cinema, of the French Consulate and the First French Empire.In April 2010, he became Commander of the Légion d'honneur.-References:...
(ed.), Dictionnaire Napoléon, Fayard, 1999 - Biography - Archives nationales des Pays-Bas
- Parlement.com
External links
- À Bruxelles, la rue Dumonceau porte son nom.
- A Bruxelles, l'avenue général Dumonceau