Henri Marie Lenoury
Encyclopedia
Henri Marie Lenoury sometimes incorrectly called Noury, was a French general born in Craconville, France
.
in the artillery school in Metz
on 1 September 1789 and promoted to second lieutenant
in the 7th regiment of foot artillery on 1 April 1791. He became first lieutenant on 6 February 1792 and captain on 26 July of the following year. He fought first in the war of 1793, in the Armée du Nord the next year, the Armée de l'Ouest
for the subsequent two years and for five years after that in the armies of England
and Italy
.
chief in the 8th regiment of foot artillery in 1803 and he was posted to the island of Elba
until 1804 when he became squadron leader
in the 1st Regiment of horse artillery.
Posted to the Armée des côtes
in 1805, it was the same year that he received the Legion of Honour and commanded the artillery reserve cavalry in 1806. Promoted to Officer of the Order in 1806, he was victorious at the battle of Austerlitz
and made Colonel
of the 2nd regiment of foot artillery.
On 24 April 1806 he was posted to serve as Chief of Staff
of the artillery of the V Corps and was wounded at Ostrołęka on February 6, 1807. In 1808 he served in the Spanish army, and achieved the rank of Brigadier-General in 1809, shortly after the capture of Sugolle, to which he contributed.
He was called to the German army on 2 September 1809 to command the Saxon artillery corps at the order of General Reynier and created Baron of the Empire around the same time. He returned to Spain on 20 January 1810 as command of the 2nd artillery of the Catalonian Army (7th corps), and played an important part in the siege and capture of Figuières.
He commanded the artillery of the 7th and 12th corps of the Grande Armée in Russia
and Saxony
from 1 June 1812 to 24 December 1813 and witnessed the battles of Dresden
, Leipzig
and Hanau
. He was made general of the division on 25 November 1813.
On December 22, commanding the artillery of the 1st corps, he arranged the defence of border areas in northern France. Louis XVIII appointed him Chevalier de Saint-Louis on 29 July 1814, and Commander of the Legion of Honor on August 5. Upon return from Elba, Napoleon employed him in the armée du Nord.
He was posted to the reserve of the General Staff on 15 August 1839 and died at Craconville on 25 September at the age of 67. His name is inscribed on the western part of the Arc de Triomphe
.
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
.
Early life
As a student he was made a sub-lieutenantSub-Lieutenant
Sub-lieutenant is a military rank. It is normally a junior officer rank.In many navies, a sub-lieutenant is a naval commissioned or subordinate officer, ranking below a lieutenant. In the Royal Navy the rank of sub-lieutenant is equivalent to the rank of lieutenant in the British Army and of...
in the artillery school in Metz
Metz
Metz is a city in the northeast of France located at the confluence of the Moselle and the Seille rivers.Metz is the capital of the Lorraine region and prefecture of the Moselle department. Located near the tripoint along the junction of France, Germany, and Luxembourg, Metz forms a central place...
on 1 September 1789 and promoted to second lieutenant
Second Lieutenant
Second lieutenant is a junior commissioned officer military rank in many armed forces.- United Kingdom and Commonwealth :The rank second lieutenant was introduced throughout the British Army in 1871 to replace the rank of ensign , although it had long been used in the Royal Artillery, Royal...
in the 7th regiment of foot artillery on 1 April 1791. He became first lieutenant on 6 February 1792 and captain on 26 July of the following year. He fought first in the war of 1793, in the Armée du Nord the next year, the Armée de l'Ouest
Armée de l'Ouest
The Army of the West was one of the French Revolutionary Armies. It was created on 1 August 1793 by merging the armée des côtes de Brest, the armée des côtes de La Rochelle, and the armée de Mayence, and was sent to fight the revolt in the Vendee.- Reorganisation :Visiting Republican soldiers of...
for the subsequent two years and for five years after that in the armies of England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
and Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
.
Later military career
He was battalionBattalion
A battalion is a military unit of around 300–1,200 soldiers usually consisting of between two and seven companies and typically commanded by either a Lieutenant Colonel or a Colonel...
chief in the 8th regiment of foot artillery in 1803 and he was posted to the island of Elba
Elba
Elba is a Mediterranean island in Tuscany, Italy, from the coastal town of Piombino. The largest island of the Tuscan Archipelago, Elba is also part of the National Park of the Tuscan Archipelago and the third largest island in Italy after Sicily and Sardinia...
until 1804 when he became squadron leader
Squadron Leader
Squadron Leader is a commissioned rank in the Royal Air Force and the air forces of many countries which have historical British influence. It is also sometimes used as the English translation of an equivalent rank in countries which have a non-English air force-specific rank structure. In these...
in the 1st Regiment of horse artillery.
Posted to the Armée des côtes
Armée des côtes
The Army of the Coasts was a French Revolutionary Army created in 1792. In April 1793 it was split into the armée des côtes de Cherbourg and armée des côtes de Brest, though the armée des côtes de l'Océan can be seen as its re-forming as a single unit....
in 1805, it was the same year that he received the Legion of Honour and commanded the artillery reserve cavalry in 1806. Promoted to Officer of the Order in 1806, he was victorious at the battle of Austerlitz
Battle of Austerlitz
The Battle of Austerlitz, also known as the Battle of the Three Emperors, was one of Napoleon's greatest victories, where the French Empire effectively crushed the Third Coalition...
and made Colonel
Colonel
Colonel , abbreviated Col or COL, is a military rank of a senior commissioned officer. It or a corresponding rank exists in most armies and in many air forces; the naval equivalent rank is generally "Captain". It is also used in some police forces and other paramilitary rank structures...
of the 2nd regiment of foot artillery.
On 24 April 1806 he was posted to serve as Chief of Staff
Chief of Staff
The title, chief of staff, identifies the leader of a complex organization, institution, or body of persons and it also may identify a Principal Staff Officer , who is the coordinator of the supporting staff or a primary aide to an important individual, such as a president.In general, a chief of...
of the artillery of the V Corps and was wounded at Ostrołęka on February 6, 1807. In 1808 he served in the Spanish army, and achieved the rank of Brigadier-General in 1809, shortly after the capture of Sugolle, to which he contributed.
He was called to the German army on 2 September 1809 to command the Saxon artillery corps at the order of General Reynier and created Baron of the Empire around the same time. He returned to Spain on 20 January 1810 as command of the 2nd artillery of the Catalonian Army (7th corps), and played an important part in the siege and capture of Figuières.
He commanded the artillery of the 7th and 12th corps of the Grande Armée in Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
and Saxony
Saxony
The Free State of Saxony is a landlocked state of Germany, contingent with Brandenburg, Saxony Anhalt, Thuringia, Bavaria, the Czech Republic and Poland. It is the tenth-largest German state in area, with of Germany's sixteen states....
from 1 June 1812 to 24 December 1813 and witnessed the battles of Dresden
Battle of Dresden
The Battle of Dresden was fought on 26–27 August 1813 around Dresden, Germany, resulting in a French victory under Napoleon I against forces of the Sixth Coalition of Austrians, Russians and Prussians under Field Marshal Schwartzenberg. However, Napoleon's victory was not as complete as it could...
, Leipzig
Battle of Leipzig
The Battle of Leipzig or Battle of the Nations, on 16–19 October 1813, was fought by the coalition armies of Russia, Prussia, Austria and Sweden against the French army of Napoleon. Napoleon's army also contained Polish and Italian troops as well as Germans from the Confederation of the Rhine...
and Hanau
Battle of Hanau
The Battle of Hanau was fought on between Karl Philipp von Wrede’s Austro-Bavarian corps and Napoleon's retreating French during the War of the Sixth Coalition....
. He was made general of the division on 25 November 1813.
On December 22, commanding the artillery of the 1st corps, he arranged the defence of border areas in northern France. Louis XVIII appointed him Chevalier de Saint-Louis on 29 July 1814, and Commander of the Legion of Honor on August 5. Upon return from Elba, Napoleon employed him in the armée du Nord.
After active service
In 1816 he was appointed an Inspector of Artillery, and on 1 May 1821 the king appointed him Grand Officier of the Legion of Honour and promoted him to the Advisory Committee and the General Inspectorate of Personnel and Artillery Equipment.He was posted to the reserve of the General Staff on 15 August 1839 and died at Craconville on 25 September at the age of 67. His name is inscribed on the western part of the Arc de Triomphe
Arc de Triomphe
-The design:The astylar design is by Jean Chalgrin , in the Neoclassical version of ancient Roman architecture . Major academic sculptors of France are represented in the sculpture of the Arc de Triomphe: Jean-Pierre Cortot; François Rude; Antoine Étex; James Pradier and Philippe Joseph Henri Lemaire...
.