The
Grand Council of Fascism was the main body of
MussoliniBenito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini,
KSMOM GCTE was an Italian politician who led the National Fascist Party and is credited with being one of the key figures in the creation of Fascism. He became the Prime Minister of Italy in 1922 and began using the title Il Duce by...
's
FascistFascism, , comprises a radical and authoritarian nationalist political ideology and a corporatist economic ideology developed in Italy. Fascists believe that nations and/or races are in perpetual conflict whereby only the strong can survive by being healthy, vital, and by asserting themselves in...
government in
ItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia. Italy shares its northern, Alpine boundary with France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia...
. A body which held and applied great power to control the institutions of government, it was created as a party body in 1923 and became a state body on 9 December 1928.
Its members were as follows:
- The Prime Minister
The Prime Minister of Italy is Italy's head of government...
:
- Benito Mussolini
Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini,
KSMOM GCTE was an Italian politician who led the National Fascist Party and is credited with being one of the key figures in the creation of Fascism. He became the Prime Minister of Italy in 1922 and began using the title Il Duce by...
(9 December 1928 25 July 1943)
- The Quadrumvirs, the people who lead the March on Rome
The March on Rome was a march by which Italian dictator Benito Mussolini's National Fascist Party came to power in the Kingdom of Italy...
– Michele BianchiMichele Bianchi was an Italian revolutionary syndicalist leader. He was among the founding members of the Fascist movement. He was widely seen as the dominant leader of the leftist, syndicalist wing of the National Fascist Party, and one of the most influental politicians of the regime before his...
, Emilio De BonoEmilio De Bono was an Italian General, fascist activist, Marshal, and member of the Fascist Grand Council . De Bono fought in the Italo-Turkish War, World War I, and the Second Italo-Ethiopian War.-Early life:De Bono was born in Cassano d'Adda...
, Cesare Maria de VecchiCesare Maria De Vecchi, 1st Conte di Val Cismon was an Italian soldier, colonial administrator and Fascist politician....
and Italo BalboItalo Balbo was an Italian Blackshirt leader, Marshal of the Air Force , Governor-General of Libya, Commander-in-Chief of Italian North Africa , and the "heir apparent" to Italian dictator Benito Mussolini.-Early life:In 1896, Balbo was born in Quartesana...
.
- The President of the Senate
The Italian Senate is the upper house of the Parliament of Italy. It was established in its current form on 8 May 1948, but it existed during the monarchy as Senato del Regno, , continuing from the Subalpine Parliament of Piedmont established on 8 May 1848.The Senate consists of 315 elected...
and the President of the Italian Chamber of DeputiesThe Italian Chamber of Deputies is the lower house of the Parliament of Italy. It has 630 seats, a majority of which is controlled presently by liberal-conservative party People of Freedom. Twelve deputies represent Italian citizens outside of Italy. Deputies meet in the Palazzo Montecitorio. A...
, from 1939 the Chamber of Fasci and CorporationsChamber of Fasci and Corporations was the official name of the Italian Chamber of Deputies established on January 19, 1939, to replace the Chamber of Deputies during the 30th legislature of Italy...
- The Ministers of Justice
This is a list of Italian Ministers of Justice since 1946.see also Keeper of the seals...
, Foreign AffairsAs in most countries, in Italy the Minister of Foreign Affairs is one of the most important ministerial positions.-Kingdom of Italy:-Italian Republic:...
, Agriculture and Forestry, Education, Corporations, and the Minister of Popular Culture
- The Presidents of the Royal Academy of Italy
The Royal Academy of Italy was an organization of Italian academians, intellectuals, and cultural figures created on 7 January 1926 by the Fascist government of the Kingdom of Italy by a royal decree...
, of the special court of state emergency and defence, of the Corporation of Industrialists, of the Agriculture worker, Industrial worker and of Farmers.
Discussion
Ask a question about 'Grand Council of Fascism' Start a new discussion about 'Grand Council of Fascism' Answer questions from other users |
The
Grand Council of Fascism was the main body of
MussoliniBenito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini,
KSMOM GCTE was an Italian politician who led the National Fascist Party and is credited with being one of the key figures in the creation of Fascism. He became the Prime Minister of Italy in 1922 and began using the title Il Duce by...
's
FascistFascism, , comprises a radical and authoritarian nationalist political ideology and a corporatist economic ideology developed in Italy. Fascists believe that nations and/or races are in perpetual conflict whereby only the strong can survive by being healthy, vital, and by asserting themselves in...
government in
ItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic , is a country located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia. Italy shares its northern, Alpine boundary with France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia...
. A body which held and applied great power to control the institutions of government, it was created as a party body in 1923 and became a state body on 9 December 1928.
Its members were as follows:
- The Prime Minister
The Prime Minister of Italy is Italy's head of government...
:
- Benito Mussolini
Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini,
KSMOM GCTE was an Italian politician who led the National Fascist Party and is credited with being one of the key figures in the creation of Fascism. He became the Prime Minister of Italy in 1922 and began using the title Il Duce by...
(9 December 1928 25 July 1943)
- The Quadrumvirs, the people who lead the March on Rome
The March on Rome was a march by which Italian dictator Benito Mussolini's National Fascist Party came to power in the Kingdom of Italy...
– Michele BianchiMichele Bianchi was an Italian revolutionary syndicalist leader. He was among the founding members of the Fascist movement. He was widely seen as the dominant leader of the leftist, syndicalist wing of the National Fascist Party, and one of the most influental politicians of the regime before his...
, Emilio De BonoEmilio De Bono was an Italian General, fascist activist, Marshal, and member of the Fascist Grand Council . De Bono fought in the Italo-Turkish War, World War I, and the Second Italo-Ethiopian War.-Early life:De Bono was born in Cassano d'Adda...
, Cesare Maria de VecchiCesare Maria De Vecchi, 1st Conte di Val Cismon was an Italian soldier, colonial administrator and Fascist politician....
and Italo BalboItalo Balbo was an Italian Blackshirt leader, Marshal of the Air Force , Governor-General of Libya, Commander-in-Chief of Italian North Africa , and the "heir apparent" to Italian dictator Benito Mussolini.-Early life:In 1896, Balbo was born in Quartesana...
.
- The President of the Senate
The Italian Senate is the upper house of the Parliament of Italy. It was established in its current form on 8 May 1948, but it existed during the monarchy as Senato del Regno, , continuing from the Subalpine Parliament of Piedmont established on 8 May 1848.The Senate consists of 315 elected...
and the President of the Italian Chamber of DeputiesThe Italian Chamber of Deputies is the lower house of the Parliament of Italy. It has 630 seats, a majority of which is controlled presently by liberal-conservative party People of Freedom. Twelve deputies represent Italian citizens outside of Italy. Deputies meet in the Palazzo Montecitorio. A...
, from 1939 the Chamber of Fasci and CorporationsChamber of Fasci and Corporations was the official name of the Italian Chamber of Deputies established on January 19, 1939, to replace the Chamber of Deputies during the 30th legislature of Italy...
- The Ministers of Justice
This is a list of Italian Ministers of Justice since 1946.see also Keeper of the seals...
, Foreign AffairsAs in most countries, in Italy the Minister of Foreign Affairs is one of the most important ministerial positions.-Kingdom of Italy:-Italian Republic:...
, Agriculture and Forestry, Education, Corporations, and the Minister of Popular Culture
- The Presidents of the Royal Academy of Italy
The Royal Academy of Italy was an organization of Italian academians, intellectuals, and cultural figures created on 7 January 1926 by the Fascist government of the Kingdom of Italy by a royal decree...
, of the special court of state emergency and defence, of the Corporation of Industrialists, of the Agriculture worker, Industrial worker and of Farmers. The inventor Guglielmo MarconiMarchese Guglielmo Marconi was an Italian inventor, best known for his development of a radiotelegraph system, which served as the foundation for the establishment of numerous affiliated companies worldwide...
was the President of the Academy of Italy, making him a council member.
- The Chief of Staff i.e. commander of the MVSN
The Blackshirts were Fascist paramilitary groups in Italy during the period immediately following World War I and until the end of World War II...
- The Secretary of the National Fascist Party
The National Fascist Party was an Italian party, created by Benito Mussolini as the political expression of fascism...
(who is also the secretary of the Council)
- Various people chosen by Mussolini himself, who held a 3-years position
Essentially, the council held these powers:
- The power to elect the Fascist Party deputies, the nomination for the Party Secretary and other party leaders, the approval of the party statutes and the power regarding the party's policy.
- The power to elect the Crown
King of Italy is a title adopted by many rulers of the Italian peninsula after the fall of the Roman Empire...
's line of succession including the choice of the heir to the throne, the right of the crown, the power to choose possible successors to the Prime Minister, the power to choose the function and membership of the Grand Council, the Senate, the Chamber of Deputies, the power to decide the rights and powers of the Prime Minister, international Treaties, and foreign affairs.
The Grand Council meetings were convened by the Prime Minister himself and all decree and laws could only be legalized by the approval of the Prime Minister himself. In contrast to the
FührerprinzipThe , German for "leader principle" prescribes a system with a hierarchy of leaders that resembles a military structure. This principle was applied to civil society at large in National Socialist Germany.-Ideology:...
government model in
Nazi GermanyNazi Germany and the Third Reich are the common English names for Germany between 1933 and 1945, while it was led by Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist German Worker's Party . The name Third Reich refers to the state as the successor to the Holy Roman Empire of the Middle Ages and the German...
, the Grand Council at least theoretically had the power to recommend that the
King of ItalyKing of Italy is a title adopted by many rulers of the Italian peninsula after the fall of the Roman Empire...
remove the Prime Minister from office. Therefore, it was nominally the only check on Mussolini's power.
The majority of the Grand Council ultimately voted on 25th July 1943,
Dino GrandiDino Grandi , Conte di Mordano, was an Italian Fascist politician, minister of justice, minister of foreign affairs and president of parliament.- Early life :...
's Order of the Day that, enforcing its formal powers, deposed Mussolini, bloodlessly, following the
Allied invasion of SicilyThe Allied invasion of Sicily, codenamed Operation Husky, was a major World War II campaign, in which the Allies took Sicily from the Axis . It was a large scale amphibious and airborne operation, followed by six weeks of land combat. It launched the Italian Campaign.Husky began on the night of...
.