Franz Konrad (SS officer)
Encyclopedia
Franz Konrad was an Austrian
SS Hauptsturmführer
(Captain) and as an administrative officer responsible for the Werteerfassung or "valued acquisitions" in the Warsaw Ghetto
. He earned the nickname "the King of the Warsaw Ghetto".
.
"After he finished school and obtained a business degree, he worked for a time as a bookkeeper for various export firms. He soon demonstrated his proclivity for criminal action when he was caught stealing money from his employer. Not only did he lose his job but he was also imprisoned for three months in 1932. Out of jail and out of work, Konrad drifted for a few weeks until his former defense lawyer helped him join the illegal Austrian SS in January 1933. Membership in the Nazi party followed."
His NSDAP membership number was : 1085499. His SS membership number was : 46 204.
Conrad, a member of the Lebensborn
, was married in 1931 and subsequently became the father of three children.
After 19 June 1933 Austria
banned the Nazi party and Franz Konrad participated in the attempted coup in July 1934. Konrad was arrested and detained in Wöllersdorf-Steinabrückl. In July 1935 he fled to Nazi Germany
and entered the SS camp in Weisshenfeld for military training as a member of the Waffen SS. He returned to Austria
following the Anschluss
in April 1938 as a full-time SS leader and administrative officer of the SS-section XXXV, Sturmbann III/94 (SS-Führer und Verwaltungsführer des SS-Abschnitts XXXV, Sturmbann III/94). In January 1939 Konrad was appointed SS Untersturmführer
.
In November 1939, after the outbreak of World War II
, Franz Konrad was convened as a full-time administrative officer of the SS and SS Oberscharführer
der Waffen SS in Warsaw
. In a further development in the management school at the 1st SS Division Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler
, Konrad was responsible for the construction and establishment of accommodation for troops and also the acquisition of goods for these troops in Warsaw
.
In June 1941 Franz Konrad was attached to Hermann Fegelein
's cavalry and involved in Operation Barbarossa
. The following month in July he was promoted to the rank of SS Obersturmführer
. In July 1942 he returned to Warsaw
and became an administrative manager for the acquisition (theft) of Jewish property and chattels in the Warsaw Ghetto
where he earned the nickname "the King of the Warsaw Ghetto". This was under the direct supervision of SS and Police Leader
(SS und Polizeiführer)in Warschau SS Oberführer
Ferdinand von Sammern-Frankenegg
, who was responsible for the requisition, sorting and routing of Jewish assets, funds, equipment and machinery. In Warsaw
he is alleged to have kept the Polish
aristocrat Countess Barbara Kalewska as his personal mistress.".
On 1 April 1943 Konrad was reassigned to the SS and Police Leader
(SS und Polizeiführer) in Lublin
SS Obergruppenführer
Odilo Globocnik
and employed in the Ostindustrie GmbH. From there, he returned to SS and Police Leader
(SS und Polizeiführer) in Warschau SS Oberführer
Ferdinand von Sammern-Frankenegg
in the Warsaw Ghetto
. During the 1943 Warsaw Ghetto uprising
Konrad took part in the crackdown. In the rest of 1943 Konrad was busy with the review of the POW camp at Wlodawa
which was transformed into a labor camp. In addition he was involved with the acquisition of valuables in the ghetto in Bialystok
, and also the relocation of the machinery in the rest of the Warsaw Ghetto
. At the end of 1943 Konrad finished his work for Ostindustrie GmbH and from 3 January 1944 onwards Franz Konard was employed as administrative head of the SS office in Schloss Fischhorn near Salzburg
. In February 1944 he was promoted SS Hauptsturmführer
. He is alleged to have maintained Martha von Broskowitz as both personal secretary and mistress here.
There, at Fishhorn castle, SS Standartenführer
Josef Spacil
"lavished 500,000 Reichsmarks, 2,500 dollars and 1,550 Swiss francs on a certain Franz Conrad." This was mostly money from the Berlin
Reichsbank
intended for some use after the war and to pay troops, but Josef Spacil
buried much of the loot and it was alleged that Konrad had done likewise with some of the funds he received.
Franz Konrad was arrested and convicted in the trial of SS Gruppenführer
und Generalleutnant der Waffen SS und Polizei Jürgen Stroop
and Konrad for participating in the liquidation of the Warsaw ghetto
. On 6 March 1952 Konrad was executed in Warsaw
together with Stroop. Konrad's wife Agnes was not notified, however.
SS-Zivilabzeichen
Reichssportabzeichen in Silber
Austrians
Austrians are a nation and ethnic group, consisting of the population of the Republic of Austria and its historical predecessor states who share a common Austrian culture and Austrian descent....
SS Hauptsturmführer
Hauptsturmführer
Hauptsturmführer was a Nazi rank of the SS which was used between the years of 1934 and 1945. The rank of Hauptsturmführer was a mid-grade company level officer and was the equivalent of a Captain in the German Army and also the equivalent of captain in foreign armies...
(Captain) and as an administrative officer responsible for the Werteerfassung or "valued acquisitions" in the Warsaw Ghetto
Warsaw Ghetto
The Warsaw Ghetto was the largest of all Jewish Ghettos in Nazi-occupied Europe during World War II. It was established in the Polish capital between October and November 15, 1940, in the territory of General Government of the German-occupied Poland, with over 400,000 Jews from the vicinity...
. He earned the nickname "the King of the Warsaw Ghetto".
Career
Franz Konrad was the middle class son of a minerMiner
A miner is a person whose work or business is to extract ore or minerals from the earth. Mining is one of the most dangerous trades in the world. In some countries miners lack social guarantees and in case of injury may be left to cope without assistance....
.
"After he finished school and obtained a business degree, he worked for a time as a bookkeeper for various export firms. He soon demonstrated his proclivity for criminal action when he was caught stealing money from his employer. Not only did he lose his job but he was also imprisoned for three months in 1932. Out of jail and out of work, Konrad drifted for a few weeks until his former defense lawyer helped him join the illegal Austrian SS in January 1933. Membership in the Nazi party followed."
His NSDAP membership number was : 1085499. His SS membership number was : 46 204.
Conrad, a member of the Lebensborn
Lebensborn
Lebensborn was a Nazi programme set up by SS leader Heinrich Himmler that provided maternity homes and financial assistance to the wives of SS members and to unmarried mothers, and also ran orphanages and relocation programmes for children.Initially set up in Germany in 1935, Lebensborn expanded...
, was married in 1931 and subsequently became the father of three children.
After 19 June 1933 Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
banned the Nazi party and Franz Konrad participated in the attempted coup in July 1934. Konrad was arrested and detained in Wöllersdorf-Steinabrückl. In July 1935 he fled to Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany , also known as the Third Reich , but officially called German Reich from 1933 to 1943 and Greater German Reich from 26 June 1943 onward, is the name commonly used to refer to the state of Germany from 1933 to 1945, when it was a totalitarian dictatorship ruled by...
and entered the SS camp in Weisshenfeld for military training as a member of the Waffen SS. He returned to Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
following the Anschluss
Anschluss
The Anschluss , also known as the ', was the occupation and annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany in 1938....
in April 1938 as a full-time SS leader and administrative officer of the SS-section XXXV, Sturmbann III/94 (SS-Führer und Verwaltungsführer des SS-Abschnitts XXXV, Sturmbann III/94). In January 1939 Konrad was appointed SS Untersturmführer
Untersturmführer
Untersturmführer was a paramilitary rank of the German Schutzstaffel first created in July 1934. The rank can trace its origins to the older SA rank of Sturmführer which had existed since the founding of the SA in 1921...
.
In November 1939, after the outbreak of World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, Franz Konrad was convened as a full-time administrative officer of the SS and SS Oberscharführer
Oberscharführer
Oberscharführer was a Nazi Party paramilitary rank that existed between the years of 1932 and 1945. Translated as “Senior Squad Leader”, Oberscharführer was first used as a rank of the Sturmabteilung and was created due to an expansion of the enlisted positions required by growing SA membership...
der Waffen SS in Warsaw
Warsaw
Warsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population in 2010 was estimated at 1,716,855 residents with a greater metropolitan area of 2,631,902 residents, making Warsaw the 10th most...
. In a further development in the management school at the 1st SS Division Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler
1st SS Division Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler
The Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler was Adolf Hitler's personal bodyguard. Initially the size of a regiment, the LSSAH eventually grew into a divisional-sized unit...
, Konrad was responsible for the construction and establishment of accommodation for troops and also the acquisition of goods for these troops in Warsaw
Warsaw
Warsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population in 2010 was estimated at 1,716,855 residents with a greater metropolitan area of 2,631,902 residents, making Warsaw the 10th most...
.
In June 1941 Franz Konrad was attached to Hermann Fegelein
Hermann Fegelein
SS-Obergruppenführer Hans Georg Otto Hermann Fegelein was a General of the Waffen-SS in Nazi Germany, a member of Adolf Hitler's entourage, brother-in-law to Eva Braun through his marriage to her sister, Gretl, and husband of the sister-in-law to Adolf Hitler through Hitler's marriage to Eva...
's cavalry and involved in Operation Barbarossa
Operation Barbarossa
Operation Barbarossa was the code name for Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II that began on 22 June 1941. Over 4.5 million troops of the Axis powers invaded the USSR along a front., the largest invasion in the history of warfare...
. The following month in July he was promoted to the rank of SS Obersturmführer
Obersturmführer
Obersturmführer was a paramilitary rank of the Nazi party that was used by the SS and also as a rank of the SA. Translated as “Senior Assault Leader”, the rank of Obersturmführer was first created in 1932 as the result of an expansion of the Sturmabteilung and the need for an additional rank in...
. In July 1942 he returned to Warsaw
Warsaw
Warsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population in 2010 was estimated at 1,716,855 residents with a greater metropolitan area of 2,631,902 residents, making Warsaw the 10th most...
and became an administrative manager for the acquisition (theft) of Jewish property and chattels in the Warsaw Ghetto
Warsaw Ghetto
The Warsaw Ghetto was the largest of all Jewish Ghettos in Nazi-occupied Europe during World War II. It was established in the Polish capital between October and November 15, 1940, in the territory of General Government of the German-occupied Poland, with over 400,000 Jews from the vicinity...
where he earned the nickname "the King of the Warsaw Ghetto". This was under the direct supervision of SS and Police Leader
SS and Police Leader
SS and Police Leader was a title for senior Nazi officials that commanded large units of the SS, of Gestapo and of the regular German police during and prior to World War II.Three levels of subordination were established for bearers of this title:...
(SS und Polizeiführer)in Warschau SS Oberführer
Oberführer
Oberführer was an early paramilitary rank of the Nazi Party dating back to 1921. Translated as “Senior Leader”, an Oberführer was typically a Nazi Party member in charge of a group of paramilitary units in a particular geographical region...
Ferdinand von Sammern-Frankenegg
Ferdinand von Sammern-Frankenegg
Ferdinand von Sammern-Frankenegg was an SS-Oberführer and the SS and Police Leader of the Warsaw area from 1941...
, who was responsible for the requisition, sorting and routing of Jewish assets, funds, equipment and machinery. In Warsaw
Warsaw
Warsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population in 2010 was estimated at 1,716,855 residents with a greater metropolitan area of 2,631,902 residents, making Warsaw the 10th most...
he is alleged to have kept the Polish
Poles
thumb|right|180px|The state flag of [[Poland]] as used by Polish government and diplomatic authoritiesThe Polish people, or Poles , are a nation indigenous to Poland. They are united by the Polish language, which belongs to the historical Lechitic subgroup of West Slavic languages of Central Europe...
aristocrat Countess Barbara Kalewska as his personal mistress.".
On 1 April 1943 Konrad was reassigned to the SS and Police Leader
SS and Police Leader
SS and Police Leader was a title for senior Nazi officials that commanded large units of the SS, of Gestapo and of the regular German police during and prior to World War II.Three levels of subordination were established for bearers of this title:...
(SS und Polizeiführer) in Lublin
Lublin
Lublin is the ninth largest city in Poland. It is the capital of Lublin Voivodeship with a population of 350,392 . Lublin is also the largest Polish city east of the Vistula river...
SS Obergruppenführer
Obergruppenführer
Obergruppenführer was a Nazi Party paramilitary rank that was first created in 1932 as a rank of the SA and until 1942 it was the highest SS rank inferior only to Reichsführer-SS...
Odilo Globocnik
Odilo Globocnik
Odilo Lotario Globocnik was a prominent Austrian Nazi and later an SS leader. He was an acquaintance of Adolf Eichmann, who played a major role in the extermination of Jews and others during the Holocaust...
and employed in the Ostindustrie GmbH. From there, he returned to SS and Police Leader
SS and Police Leader
SS and Police Leader was a title for senior Nazi officials that commanded large units of the SS, of Gestapo and of the regular German police during and prior to World War II.Three levels of subordination were established for bearers of this title:...
(SS und Polizeiführer) in Warschau SS Oberführer
Oberführer
Oberführer was an early paramilitary rank of the Nazi Party dating back to 1921. Translated as “Senior Leader”, an Oberführer was typically a Nazi Party member in charge of a group of paramilitary units in a particular geographical region...
Ferdinand von Sammern-Frankenegg
Ferdinand von Sammern-Frankenegg
Ferdinand von Sammern-Frankenegg was an SS-Oberführer and the SS and Police Leader of the Warsaw area from 1941...
in the Warsaw Ghetto
Warsaw Ghetto
The Warsaw Ghetto was the largest of all Jewish Ghettos in Nazi-occupied Europe during World War II. It was established in the Polish capital between October and November 15, 1940, in the territory of General Government of the German-occupied Poland, with over 400,000 Jews from the vicinity...
. During the 1943 Warsaw Ghetto uprising
Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising was the Jewish resistance that arose within the Warsaw Ghetto in German occupied Poland during World War II, and which opposed Nazi Germany's effort to transport the remaining ghetto population to Treblinka extermination camp....
Konrad took part in the crackdown. In the rest of 1943 Konrad was busy with the review of the POW camp at Wlodawa
Wlodawa
Włodawa is a town in eastern Poland on the Bug River, close to the borders with Belarus and Ukraine. It has 14,800 inhabitants . Situated in the Lublin Voivodeship...
which was transformed into a labor camp. In addition he was involved with the acquisition of valuables in the ghetto in Bialystok
Bialystok
Białystok is the largest city in northeastern Poland and the capital of the Podlaskie Voivodeship. Located on the Podlaskie Plain on the banks of the Biała River, Białystok ranks second in terms of population density, eleventh in population, and thirteenth in area, of the cities of Poland...
, and also the relocation of the machinery in the rest of the Warsaw Ghetto
Warsaw Ghetto
The Warsaw Ghetto was the largest of all Jewish Ghettos in Nazi-occupied Europe during World War II. It was established in the Polish capital between October and November 15, 1940, in the territory of General Government of the German-occupied Poland, with over 400,000 Jews from the vicinity...
. At the end of 1943 Konrad finished his work for Ostindustrie GmbH and from 3 January 1944 onwards Franz Konard was employed as administrative head of the SS office in Schloss Fischhorn near Salzburg
Salzburg
-Population development:In 1935, the population significantly increased when Salzburg absorbed adjacent municipalities. After World War II, numerous refugees found a new home in the city. New residential space was created for American soldiers of the postwar Occupation, and could be used for...
. In February 1944 he was promoted SS Hauptsturmführer
Hauptsturmführer
Hauptsturmführer was a Nazi rank of the SS which was used between the years of 1934 and 1945. The rank of Hauptsturmführer was a mid-grade company level officer and was the equivalent of a Captain in the German Army and also the equivalent of captain in foreign armies...
. He is alleged to have maintained Martha von Broskowitz as both personal secretary and mistress here.
There, at Fishhorn castle, SS Standartenführer
Standartenführer
Standartenführer was a Nazi Party paramilitary rank that was used in the so-called Nazi combat-organisations: SA, SS, NSKK and the NSFK...
Josef Spacil
Josef Spacil
Josef Spacil was a Nazi SS-Standartenführer , a Befehlshaber der Sicherheitspolizei und des SD Niederlande , an SS-Wirtschafter beim Höheren SS- und Polizeiführer Russland-Süd Josef Spacil (born 3 January 1907 in Munich; died 13 February 1967) was a Nazi SS-Standartenführer (Colonel), a...
"lavished 500,000 Reichsmarks, 2,500 dollars and 1,550 Swiss francs on a certain Franz Conrad." This was mostly money from the Berlin
Berlin
Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
Reichsbank
Reichsbank
The Reichsbank was the central bank of Germany from 1876 until 1945. It was founded on 1 January 1876 . The Reichsbank was a privately owned central bank of Prussia, under close control by the Reich government. Its first president was Hermann von Dechend...
intended for some use after the war and to pay troops, but Josef Spacil
Josef Spacil
Josef Spacil was a Nazi SS-Standartenführer , a Befehlshaber der Sicherheitspolizei und des SD Niederlande , an SS-Wirtschafter beim Höheren SS- und Polizeiführer Russland-Süd Josef Spacil (born 3 January 1907 in Munich; died 13 February 1967) was a Nazi SS-Standartenführer (Colonel), a...
buried much of the loot and it was alleged that Konrad had done likewise with some of the funds he received.
Postwar
After the war SS HauptsturmführerHauptsturmführer
Hauptsturmführer was a Nazi rank of the SS which was used between the years of 1934 and 1945. The rank of Hauptsturmführer was a mid-grade company level officer and was the equivalent of a Captain in the German Army and also the equivalent of captain in foreign armies...
Franz Konrad was arrested and convicted in the trial of SS Gruppenführer
Gruppenführer
Gruppenführer was an early paramilitary rank of the Nazi Party, first created in 1925 as a senior rank of the SA.-SS rank:...
und Generalleutnant der Waffen SS und Polizei Jürgen Stroop
Jürgen Stroop
Jürgen Stroop, , was a high-ranking Nazi Party and Gestapo official during World War II. In 1952, he was extradited to Poland, convicted of war crimes, and hanged.-Early life:Jürgen Stroop was born in Detmold, in the Principality of Lippe, German Empire, the son of a police officer...
and Konrad for participating in the liquidation of the Warsaw ghetto
Warsaw Ghetto
The Warsaw Ghetto was the largest of all Jewish Ghettos in Nazi-occupied Europe during World War II. It was established in the Polish capital between October and November 15, 1940, in the territory of General Government of the German-occupied Poland, with over 400,000 Jews from the vicinity...
. On 6 March 1952 Konrad was executed in Warsaw
Warsaw
Warsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population in 2010 was estimated at 1,716,855 residents with a greater metropolitan area of 2,631,902 residents, making Warsaw the 10th most...
together with Stroop. Konrad's wife Agnes was not notified, however.
Awards
- Honour Chevron for the Old GuardHonour Chevron for the Old GuardThe Honour Chevron for the Old Guard, or in German Ehrenwinkel für Alte Kämpfer, was a political decoration of the Nazi Party in Germany. It was authorised in February 1934, as a silver chevron to be worn on the upper right arm, by all members of the SS, who had joined the SS, NSDAP or any other...
(Ehrenwinkel der Alten Kämpfer)
SS-Zivilabzeichen
- SS-EhrenringSS-EhrenringThe SS-Ehrenring , unofficially called Totenkopfring , was an award of Heinrich Himmler's Schutzstaffel . It was not a state decoration, but rather a personal gift bestowed by Himmler...
(Totenkopfring der SS) - JulleuchterJulleuchterA Julleuchter or Turmleuchter , is a "small earthenware candlestick, about 4" square at the bottom, about 8" tall, and it is shaped kind of like a mountain or a tower." Modern Julleuchters have the Hagall rune and a heart symbol visible on all four sides. Other examples have an Algiz rune or a...
Reichssportabzeichen in Silber
- War Merit CrossWar Merit CrossThe War Merit Cross was a decoration of Nazi Germany during the Second World War, which could be awarded to civilians as well as military personnel...
(Kriegsverdienstkreuz) (1939) Second Class with swords in 1940 - Iron CrossIron CrossThe Iron Cross is a cross symbol typically in black with a white or silver outline that originated after 1219 when the Kingdom of Jerusalem granted the Teutonic Order the right to combine the Teutonic Black Cross placed above a silver Cross of Jerusalem....
(1939) Second Class in 1942 - Eastern Front MedalEastern Front MedalThe Eastern Front Medal, , more commonly known as the Ostmedaille was instituted on May 26, 1942 to mark service on the German Eastern Front during the period November 15, 1941 to April 15, 1942...
(Medaille Winterschlacht im Osten) 1941/42 - War Merit CrossWar Merit CrossThe War Merit Cross was a decoration of Nazi Germany during the Second World War, which could be awarded to civilians as well as military personnel...
(Kriegsverdienstkreuz) (1939) First Class with swords in 1944
Rank
- January 1939 : SS UntersturmführerUntersturmführerUntersturmführer was a paramilitary rank of the German Schutzstaffel first created in July 1934. The rank can trace its origins to the older SA rank of Sturmführer which had existed since the founding of the SA in 1921...
- November 1940 : SS OberscharführerOberscharführerOberscharführer was a Nazi Party paramilitary rank that existed between the years of 1932 and 1945. Translated as “Senior Squad Leader”, Oberscharführer was first used as a rank of the Sturmabteilung and was created due to an expansion of the enlisted positions required by growing SA membership...
der Waffen SS - July 1941 : SS ObersturmführerObersturmführerObersturmführer was a paramilitary rank of the Nazi party that was used by the SS and also as a rank of the SA. Translated as “Senior Assault Leader”, the rank of Obersturmführer was first created in 1932 as the result of an expansion of the Sturmabteilung and the need for an additional rank in...
- February 1944 : SS HauptsturmführerHauptsturmführerHauptsturmführer was a Nazi rank of the SS which was used between the years of 1934 and 1945. The rank of Hauptsturmführer was a mid-grade company level officer and was the equivalent of a Captain in the German Army and also the equivalent of captain in foreign armies...
Literature
- Joachim Jahns: Der Warschauer Ghettokönig. Dingsda-Verlag, Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-928-49899-9.
- Ernst Klee: Das Personenlexikon zum Dritten Reich: Wer war was vor und nach 1945. Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-596-16048-8.
- Josef Wulf: Das Dritte Reich und seine Vollstrecker – Die Liquidation von 500.000 Juden im Ghetto Warschau. Arani-Verlags GmbH, Berlin 1961.
- Ian Sayer & Douglas Botting, Nazi Gold (Granada Publishing, 1984)
- Höhne, Heinz. Der Orden unter dem Totenkopf, (English translation entitled The Order of the Death's Head, The Story of Hitler's SS) London: Pan Books Ltd. (1969)
- Koehl, Robert Lewis. The Black Corps University of Wisconsin Press, (1983)
- Reitlinger, Gerald. The SS: Alibi of a Nation 1922-1945. Viking (Da Capo reprint), New York (1957). ISBN 0-306-80351-8
- Kenneth A. Alford & Theodore P. Savas, Nazi Millionaires: The Allied Search for Hidden SS Gold (Casemate; 2002) ISBN 0971170967