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Burgas (sometimes transliterated as Bourgas) is the second-largest city and seaside resort on the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast
Bulgarian Black Sea Coast

The Bulgarian Black Sea Riviera covers the entire eastern bound of Bulgaria stretching from the Romanian Black Sea resorts in the north to Marmara Region, Turkey in the south, along 378 km of coastline....
 with population 210,260. It is also the fourth-largest by population in the country, after Sofia
Sofia

Sofia , is the Capital and largest city of the Bulgaria, with 2,5 million people living in the Capital Municipality. It is located in western Bulgaria, at the foot of the mountain massif Vitosha, and is the administrative, cultural, economic, and educational centre of the country....
, Plovdiv
Plovdiv

Plovdiv is the second-largest city in Bulgaria after Sofia, with a population of 379,119. It is the administrative centre of Plovdiv Province in southern Bulgaria and three municipalities , as well as the largest and most important city in Northern Thrace and the wider international historical region of Thrace....
 and Varna
Varna

Varna is the largest city and seaside resort on the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast and in Northern Bulgaria, third-largest in Bulgaria after Sofia and Plovdiv, and Largest cities of the European Union by population within city limits, with a population of 352,211....
. It is the capital of Burgas Province
Burgas Province

Burgas provinces of Bulgaria or oblast is located in southeastern Bulgaria, on the southern Black Sea coast. Its capital is the city of Burgas....
 and an important industrial, transport, cultural and tourist centre.

Surrounded by the coastal Burgas Lakes
Burgas Lakes

The Burgas Lakes or Burgas Wetlands are a group of coastal lakes of varying saltiness located around the Bulgarian city of Burgas in the proximity of the Black Sea....
 and located at the westernmost point of the Black Sea
Black Sea

The Black Sea is an inland sea sea bounded by southeastern Europe, the Caucasus and the Anatolia and is ultimately connected to the Atlantic Ocean via the Mediterranean Sea and Aegean Seas and various straits....
, the large Burgas Bay
Burgas Bay

Burgas Bay is the largest bay of the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast and one of the largest ones in the Black Sea. It is 41 km at its widest and 25 m at its deepest, reaching 31 km at its greatest innermost extent, approximately where the Bulgarian city and major port of Burgas is located....
, Burgas has the largest and most important Bulgarian port.






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Burgas (sometimes transliterated as Bourgas) is the second-largest city and seaside resort on the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast
Bulgarian Black Sea Coast

The Bulgarian Black Sea Riviera covers the entire eastern bound of Bulgaria stretching from the Romanian Black Sea resorts in the north to Marmara Region, Turkey in the south, along 378 km of coastline....
 with population 210,260. It is also the fourth-largest by population in the country, after Sofia
Sofia

Sofia , is the Capital and largest city of the Bulgaria, with 2,5 million people living in the Capital Municipality. It is located in western Bulgaria, at the foot of the mountain massif Vitosha, and is the administrative, cultural, economic, and educational centre of the country....
, Plovdiv
Plovdiv

Plovdiv is the second-largest city in Bulgaria after Sofia, with a population of 379,119. It is the administrative centre of Plovdiv Province in southern Bulgaria and three municipalities , as well as the largest and most important city in Northern Thrace and the wider international historical region of Thrace....
 and Varna
Varna

Varna is the largest city and seaside resort on the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast and in Northern Bulgaria, third-largest in Bulgaria after Sofia and Plovdiv, and Largest cities of the European Union by population within city limits, with a population of 352,211....
. It is the capital of Burgas Province
Burgas Province

Burgas provinces of Bulgaria or oblast is located in southeastern Bulgaria, on the southern Black Sea coast. Its capital is the city of Burgas....
 and an important industrial, transport, cultural and tourist centre.

Surrounded by the coastal Burgas Lakes
Burgas Lakes

The Burgas Lakes or Burgas Wetlands are a group of coastal lakes of varying saltiness located around the Bulgarian city of Burgas in the proximity of the Black Sea....
 and located at the westernmost point of the Black Sea
Black Sea

The Black Sea is an inland sea sea bounded by southeastern Europe, the Caucasus and the Anatolia and is ultimately connected to the Atlantic Ocean via the Mediterranean Sea and Aegean Seas and various straits....
, the large Burgas Bay
Burgas Bay

Burgas Bay is the largest bay of the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast and one of the largest ones in the Black Sea. It is 41 km at its widest and 25 m at its deepest, reaching 31 km at its greatest innermost extent, approximately where the Bulgarian city and major port of Burgas is located....
, Burgas has the largest and most important Bulgarian port. Today, it is a key economic, cultural and tourist centre of southeastern Bulgaria, with the Burgas Airport
Burgas Airport

Burgas International Airport , also known as Sarafovo Airport, is the airport of Burgas , Bulgaria.In 2008, the airport handled 1,936,853 passengers and 16,952 aircraft movements....
 serving the resorts of the southern Bulgarian coast.

Geography

Burgas is situated in the westernmost point of the bay of the same name and in the eastern part of the Burgas plain which is located to the east of the Upper Thracian Plain
Upper Thracian Plain

The Upper Thracian Plain constitutes the northern part of the historical region of Thrace. It is located in southern Bulgaria, between the Sredna Gora mountains to the north and west; the Rhodopes, Sakar and Strandzha to the south; and the Black Sea to the east....
. Burgas is located at 389 km of Sofia, 272 km of Plovdiv and 350 km of Istanbul
Istanbul

Istanbul is the largest city in Turkey, List of metropolitan areas in Europe by population, and List of cities proper by population in the world with a population of 12.6 million....
. To the east and north the city is surrounded by the Burgas Lakes
Burgas Lakes

The Burgas Lakes or Burgas Wetlands are a group of coastal lakes of varying saltiness located around the Bulgarian city of Burgas in the proximity of the Black Sea....
 - Vaya
Lake Burgas

Lake Burgas or Lake Vaya , located near the Black Sea west of the city of Burgas, is the largest natural lake in Bulgaria, with an area of 27.60 km?, a length of 9.6 km and a width of 2.5 to 5 km....
, Atanasovsko
Lake Atanasovsko

Lake Atanasovsko or Lake Atanasovo is a salt coastal lake north of Burgas, Bulgaria, located in direct proximity of the Black Sea. The lake is about 5 km long and divided into two by a strip of sand in the middle....
 and Mandrensko
Lake Mandrensko

Lake Mandrensko or Lake Mandra is the southernmost of the Burgas Lakes, located in the immediate proximity of the Black Sea and close to Burgas....
 which are home to several hundred bird species. Pan-European corridor 8
Pan-European corridors

The ten Pan-European transport corridors were defined at the second Pan-European transport Conference in Crete, March 1994, as routes in Central and Eastern Europe that required major investment over the next ten to fifteen years....
 passes through the city.

Administrative division

Burgas is divided into the following neighbourhoods:
  • Akatsiite
  • Bratya Miladinovi
  • Vazrazhdane
  • Gorno Ezerovo
  • Dolno Ezerovo
  • Zornitsa
  • Izgrev
    Izgrev

    Izgrev is one of the 24 municipalities in the City of Sofia. The population as of 2006 is 33,611. It includes three neighbourhoods: "Iztok" , "Dianabad" and "Izgrev" ....
  • Lazur
  • Lozovo
  • Meden Rudnik
  • Petko Slaveykov
  • Pobeda
  • Sarafovo
    Sarafovo

    Sarafovo is a neighbourhood of Burgas, which is the biggest city in South Eastern Bulgaria - a regional, tourist and trade center.Sarafovo is a beautiful calm quarter of Burgas, which is the fourth largest city in Bulgaria....
  • Kraimorie
  • Centar
  • Vetren
  • Banevo


    • With a Decision from the Counsel of Minister in 2009 the villages Banevo and Vetren were incorporated to Burgas.

    Currently a new city plan is considered which will open the city to the sea and includes several residential neighbourhoods and a new highway junction.

    Climate table

     Climate table
    Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
    Mean daily maximum temperature (°C
    Celsius

    Celsius is a temperature scale that is named after the Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius , who developed a similar temperature scale two years before his death....
    )    		 5.9 8.9 17.8 20.7 25.3 27.4 30.2 30.0 26.4 20.6 11.6 6.1 19.2  
    Mean minimum night time temperature (°C
    Celsius

    Celsius is a temperature scale that is named after the Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius , who developed a similar temperature scale two years before his death....
    )    		 -2.1 0.9 3.3 6.8 10.0 15.9 20.8 21.4 19.4 14.7 8.2 -1.4 9.8  
    Mean total rainfall (mm)11 14 32 51 40 44 21 9 8 13 28 31 25.1  
    Mean number of rain days10 10 10 11 4 5 2 3 5 3 9 11 6  
    Source:


    History

    Bronze Alexander Severus Deultum Ae25 Moushmov 3583
    Burgas is a successor of the Ancient Greek
    Ancient Greece

    The term Ancient Greece refers to the period of History of Greece lasting from the Greek Dark Ages ca. 1100 BC and the Dorian invasion, to 146 BC and the Roman Republic conquest of Greece after the Battle of Corinth ....
     city of Pyrgos , founded by colonists from Apolonia
    Sozopol

    Sozopol is an ancient town and seaside resort located 15 kilometre south of Burgas on the southern Bulgarian Black Sea Coast, in Bulgaria....
     as a military and observational post against the other important settlement in the region — Mesembria
    Nesebar

    Nesebar is an ancient city and a major seaside resort on the Black Sea coast of Bulgaria, located in Nesebar , Burgas Province. Often referred to as the "Pearl of the Black Sea" and "Bulgaria's Dubrovnik", Nesebar is a rich city-museum defined by more than three millennia of ever-changing history....
    . Besides Pirgos, the present-day city expands over the area of three other ancient settlements: Castrition, Skafida and Rossokastron.

    During the rule of the Ancient Romans
    Ancient Rome

    Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC....
    , Burgas was known as     Deultum, and was established as a military colony for veterans by Vespasian
    Vespasian

    Titus Flavius Vespasianus, commonly known as Vespasian , was a Roman Emperor who reigned from 69 A.D. until his death in 79 A.D. Vespasian was the founder of the short lived Flavian dynasty, which ruled the Roman Empire between 69 A.D....
    . In the Middle Ages
    Middle Ages

    File:Karl 1 mit papst gelasius gregor1 sacramentar v karl d kahlen.jpgThe Middle Ages of European history are a period in history which lasted for roughly a millennium, commonly dated from the fall of the Roman Empire in the 5th century to the beginning of the Early Modern Period in the 16th century, marked by the division of Western Christi...
    , a small fortress called     Pirgos (?????? being Greek
    Greek language

    Greek is an Indo-European languages native to the southern Balkan peninsula, the language of the Greek people. It forms an independent branch within Indo-European....
     for "tower") was erected on the place and was most probably used as a watchtower. It was only in the 17th century that a settlement named     Ahelo-Pirgas grew in the modern area of the city. It was later renamed to Bourgas and had only about 3,000 inhabitants, most of them Greeks
    Greeks

    The Greeks , also known as Hellenes, are a nation and ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus and neighbouring regions, who can also be found in Greek diaspora communities around the world....
     at the time of the Liberation
    Liberation of Bulgaria

    In Bulgarian historiography, the term Liberation of Bulgaria is used to denote the events of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-78 that led to the establishment of a Bulgarian people state with the Treaty of San Stefano of 3 March, 1878....
    .

    Later, it became a major centre on the southern Bulgarian Black Sea Coast
    Bulgarian Black Sea Coast

    The Bulgarian Black Sea Riviera covers the entire eastern bound of Bulgaria stretching from the Romanian Black Sea resorts in the north to Marmara Region, Turkey in the south, along 378 km of coastline....
     and a city of well-developed industry and trade. A number of oil and chemical companies were gradually built. Salt and iron are also mined and traded abroad.

    Burgas Center Galleryfull World66
    Burgas2 Ngruev
    Burgas1 Ngurev


    In the early 1800s Burgas was depopulated after raids by     kurzdhali bandits. By the mid 19th century it had recovered its economic prominence through the growth of craftsmanship and the export of grain.

    In 19th century, with the increasing maritime trade in the Black Sea Burgas became one of the most important port-cities. However, it has lost some of its importance with the shift of the trade between Balkans-Istanbul-Trabzon to Southern port-cities with the construction of Salonica-Istanbul railways. In 1903, the railway station in Burgas opened, giving an additional boost to the city's expansion. Burgas, unlike many other Bulgarian cities, was not much affected by Communist-type urbanization and has kept many of its 19th and early 20th century architecture.

    Today the local port is the largest in Bulgaria adding significantly to the regional economy. Burgas also holds annual national exhibitions and international festivals and has a vibrant student population of over 6,000 that add to the city's appeal. The historical society also maintains an open-air museum at Beglik Tash
    Beglik tash

    Beglik Tash is a Thrace rock sanctuary situated on the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast of Bulgaria, near the city of Primorsko.Beglik Tash is a natural phenomenon of huge megaliths carved by a Thracian tribe and later used for pagan ceremonies....
    .

    Several countries have consulates in Burgas, among them Turkey
    Turkey

    Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country that stretches across the Anatolian peninsula in southwest Asia and Thrace in the Balkans region of Southern Europe....
    , Belarus
    Belarus

    Belarus is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the north and east, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the north....
    , Romania
    Romania

    Romania is a country located in Southeastern Europe Central Europe, North of the Balkan Peninsula, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian Mountains, bordering on the Black Sea....
    , Russia
    Russia

    Russia , or the Russian Federation , is a list of countries spanning more than one continent country extending over much of northern Eurasia....
     and Ukraine
    Ukraine

    Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Russia to the east; Belarus to the north; Poland, Slovakia, and Hungary to the west; Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south....
    .

    Burgas Peninsula
    Burgas Peninsula

    Burgas Peninsula , in Antarctica, extends 10.5 km in the east by northeast direction towards Renier Point, Livingston Island . It is bounded by Bruix Cove and Moon Bay to the north, and Bransfield Strait to the south by southeast....
     on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands
    South Shetland Islands

    The South Shetland Islands are a group of List of antarctic and sub-antarctic islands, lying about 120 kilometres north of the Antarctic Peninsula....
    , Antarctica
    Antarctica

    Antarctica is Earth's southernmost continent, overlying the South Pole. It is situated in the Antarctica of the southern hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean....
     is named after the city of Burgas.

    Economy

    Burgas is an important industrial center. The most notable industrial enterprise is LUKOIL Neftochim Burgas
    LUKOIL Neftochim Burgas

    LUKOIL Neftochim Burgas , based in Burgas, Bulgaria, is the lagrest oil refinery in Southeastern Europe and the largest industrial enterprise in Bulgaria....
     - the largest oil refinery
    Oil refinery

    An oil refinery is an industrial process plant where crude oil is processed and refined into more useful petroleum products, such as gasoline, diesel fuel, asphalt, heating oil, kerosene, and liquefied petroleum gas....
     in South-eastern Europe and the largest manufacturing plant in the Balkans
    Balkans

    The Balkans is the historical name of a geographic subregion of southeastern Europe. The region takes its name from the Balkan Mountains, which run through the centre of Bulgaria into eastern Serbia....
    .

    Institutions of higher education



    Attractions

    • Burgas Regional Historical Museum
    • Ethnographic Museum
    • Museum of Nature and Science
    • Art Gallery
    • Opera House
    • International Folklore Festival


    Notable natives

    • Apostol Karamitev
      Apostol Karamitev

      Apostol Milev Karamitev was a Bulgarians actor, popular throughout the 1960s. He finished acting under the guidance of B. Danovski. Later he specialized in Moscow, Leningrad, Prague and Warsaw....
       (1923–1973), actor
    • Dimitar Dimitrov
      Dimitar Dimitrov

      Dimitar Dimitrov may refer to:* Dimitar Dimitrov , Bulgarian football manager* Dimitar Dimitrov , former Bulgarian Minister of Education* Dimitar Dimitrov , former Macedonian Minister of Culture...
       (b. 1959),football coach
    • Georgi Chilikov
      Georgi Chilikov

      Georgi Chilikov in Bourgas is a Bulgarian football player who is playing for kazakh side FC Tobol.His move from Nafteks to PFC Levski Sofia made him the record holder of the highest transfer between Bulgarian clubs....
       (b. 1978), footballer
    • Georgi Dyulgerov (b. 1980), pop singer
    • Georgi Kostadinov
      Georgi Kostadinov

      Georgi Kostadinov is a former Boxing from Bulgaria....
       (b. 1950), first Bulgarian boxing Olympic champion
    • Georgi Kaloyanchev
      Georgi Kaloyanchev

      Georgi Todorov Kaloyanchev is a Bulgarian actor. He was born in the city of Burgas on January 13 1925. He studied in the former theatrical school in Sofia....
       (b. 1925), actor
    • Georgi Mihalev
      Georgi Mihalev

      Georgi Petrov Mihalev is a retired backstroke swimmer from Bulgaria. He was a member of the Bulgarian National Swimming Team for the period of 1981 to 1994....
       (b. 1968), competitive swimmer
    • Kostas Varnalis
      Kostas Varnalis

      Kostas Varnalis was a Greece poet....
       (1884–1974) Greek poet
    • Nedyalko Yordanov
      Nedyalko Yordanov

      Nedyalko Yordanov is a famous Bulgarians poet, playwright, and publicist.External links...
       (b. 1940), writer
    • Nikola Stanchev
      Nikola Stanchev

      Nikola Nikolov Stanchev is a Bulgarian freestyle wrestling Amateur wrestling.He was born in Tvarditsa, Burgas Province, Burgas Province.He is the 1956 Summer Olympics champion and silver medal winner at the World championship in Istanbul the same year....
       (b. 1930), first Bulgarian Olympic champion
    • Petya Dubarova
      Petya Dubarova

      Petya Stoykova Dubarova was a Bulgarians poet. She was born and lived in the seaside town of Burgas. Dubarova published poems in youth newspapers and magazines such as: Septemvriyche, Rodna Rech, and Mladezh ....
       (1962–1979), poetess
    • Prodan Gardzhev
      Prodan Gardzhev

      Prodan Stoyanov Gardzhev is a former Olympic Champion in freestyle wrestling and two times world champion from Bulgaria.He was born in in Rosenovo, Burgas Region and died in Burgas....
       (1936–2003), Bulgarian Olympic champion - wrestling
    • Radostin Kishishev
      Radostin Kishishev

      Radostin Prodanov Kishishev is a Bulgarian association football, currently plays in Litex Lovech....
       (b. 1974), footballer
    • Zlatko Yankov
      Zlatko Yankov

      Zlatko Yankov is a retired Bulgarian football midfielder.He was capped 79 times and scored 4 goals for the Bulgaria national football team between 1989 and 1999....
      , (b.1966), famous football player, part of USA summer 1994
    • Todor Kiselichkov,(b.1975),footballer


    Notable buildings and architectural structures

    The building of the TV Centre Burgas ( ???? ?????? ) looks like a highrise with 6 floors with a tower looking like "Eiffel Tower with concrete legs" on its roof .

    Twins cities

    San Francisco, California
    San Francisco, California

    The City and County of San Francisco is the fourth most populous city in California and the List of United States cities by population in the United States, with a 2007 estimated population of 799,183....
    , United States
    United States

    The United States of America is a Federal government constitutional republic comprising U.S. state and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its Contiguous United States and Washington, D.C., the Capital districts and territories, lie between the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, Borders of the U...


    Rotterdam
    Rotterdam

    Rotterdam ; city and municipality in the Netherlands province of South Holland, situated in the west of the Netherlands. The municipality is the List of cities in the Netherlands with over 100,000 people in the country, with a population of 584,046 on 1 January 2007 and comprises the southern part of the Randstad, the List of metropolitan are...
    , Netherlands
    Netherlands

    The Netherlands is a country that is part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands is located in North-West Europe, and bordered by the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east....
     Yantai
    Yantai

    })|-| Area| 13,739.9 square kilometre|-| Coastline| 702.5 kilometre|-| Population| 6,468,200 |-| GDP'- Total'- Per Capita...
    , People's Republic of China
    People's Republic of China

    The People's Republic of China , commonly known as China, is the largest country in East Asia and the List of countries by population in the world with over 1.3 billion people, approximately a fifth of the world's population....
     Krasnodar
    Krasnodar

    Krasnodar is a types of inhabited localities in Russia in Southern Russia on the Kuban River. It is the administrative center of Krasnodar Krai ....
    , Russia
    Russia

    Russia , or the Russian Federation , is a list of countries spanning more than one continent country extending over much of northern Eurasia....
    • Alexandroupolis, Greece
      Greece

      Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , is a country in southeastern Europe, situated on the southern end of the Balkans. It has borders with Albania, Bulgaria and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia to the north, and Turkey to the east....
    Miskolc
    Miskolc

    Miskolc is a city in North-East Hungary, mainly with heavy industrial background. With a population close to 180,000 Miskolc is the third-largest city of Hungary It is also the county capital of Borsod-Aba?j-Zempl?n and the Regions of Hungary centre of Northern Hungary....
    , Hungary
    Hungary

    Hungary , officially in English the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in the Carpathian Basin of Central Europe, bordered by Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, and Slovenia....


    See also

    • List of cities in Bulgaria
      List of cities in Bulgaria

      This is a list of cities in Bulgaria with over 20,000 inhabitants. Province capitals are shown in bold....
    • Bulgarian Black Sea Coast
      Bulgarian Black Sea Coast

      The Bulgarian Black Sea Riviera covers the entire eastern bound of Bulgaria stretching from the Romanian Black Sea resorts in the north to Marmara Region, Turkey in the south, along 378 km of coastline....
    • Lake Burgas
      Lake Burgas

      Lake Burgas or Lake Vaya , located near the Black Sea west of the city of Burgas, is the largest natural lake in Bulgaria, with an area of 27.60 km?, a length of 9.6 km and a width of 2.5 to 5 km....
    • Burgas Airport
      Burgas Airport

      Burgas International Airport , also known as Sarafovo Airport, is the airport of Burgas , Bulgaria.In 2008, the airport handled 1,936,853 passengers and 16,952 aircraft movements....


    External links