Apple of Discord

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Apple of Discord

An apple
Apple (symbolism)

Apples appear in many World religions, often as a mystical or forbidden fruit. One of the problems identifying apples in religion, mythology and folktales is that the word "apple" was used as a generic term for all fruit, other than berries but including nuts, as late as the 17th century....
of discord is a reference to the Golden Apple of Discord which, according to Greek mythology

Greek mythology

Greek mythology is the body of myths and legends belonging to the Ancient Greece concerning their List of Greek mythological figures#Immortals and Greek hero cult, Cosmology#Metaphysical cosmology, and the origins and significance of their own cult and ritual practices....
, the goddess Eris

Eris (mythology)

Eris is the Greek mythology goddess of strife, her name being translated into Latin as Discordia. Her Greek opposite is Harmonia , whose Latin counterpart is Concordia ....
(Gr.

Greek language

Greek is an Indo-European languages native to the southern Balkan peninsula, the language of the Greek people. It forms an independent branch within Indo-European....
????, "Strife") said that she would give "to the fairest" at the wedding of Peleus

Peleus

In Greek mythology, Pele?s was a Greek hero cult who was already known to Homer. Peleus was the son of Aeacus, king of the island of Aegina, and Ende?s, the oread of Mount Pelion in Thessaly; he became the father of Achilles....
and Thetis

Thetis

Silver-footed Thetis , disposer or "placer" , is encountered in Greek mythology mostly as a sea nymph, one of the fifty Nereids, daughters of the ancient one of the seas with shape-shifting abilities who survives in the historical vestiges of most later Greek myths as Proteus ....
, sparking a vanity-fueled dispute between Hera

Hera

In the Twelve Olympians of classical Greek Mythology, Hera or Here was the wife and older sister of Zeus. Her chief function was as goddess of women and marriage....
, Athena

Athena

In Greek mythology, Athena is the shrewd companion of Hero and the goddess of Hero endeavour. She is the virgin patron of Athens, which built the Parthenon to worship her....
and Aphrodite

Aphrodite

Aphrodite is the classical Greek mythology goddess of love, sex, and beauty. According to Greek oral poet Hesiod, she was born when Uranus was castrated by his son Cronus....
that eventually led to the Trojan War

Trojan War

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Greek mythology

Eris (mythology)

Eris is the Greek mythology goddess of strife, her name being translated into Latin as Discordia. Her Greek opposite is Harmonia , whose Latin counterpart is Concordia ....
(Gr.

Greek language

Peleus

Thetis

Hera

In the Twelve Olympians of classical Greek Mythology, Hera or Here was the wife and older sister of Zeus. Her chief function was as goddess of women and marriage....
, Athena

Athena

In Greek mythology, Athena is the shrewd companion of Hero and the goddess of Hero endeavour. She is the virgin patron of Athens, which built the Parthenon to worship her....
and Aphrodite

Aphrodite

Trojan War

In Greek mythology, the Trojan War was waged against the city of Troy by the Achaeans after Paris of Troy stole Helen from her husband Menelaus, the king of Sparta....
(for the complete story, see The Judgement of Paris). Thus, "apple of discord" became a euphemism for the core, kernel, or crux of an argument, or for a small matter that could lead to a bigger dispute.

Derivative uses

Because of this, the Roman goddess corresponding to the Greek Eris was named "Discordia". Also, in German

German language

German is a West Germanic languages, thus related to and classified alongside English language and Dutch language. It is one of the world's world language and the most widely spoken mother tongue in the European Union....
and in Dutch

Dutch language

Dutch is a West Germanic languages spoken by over 22 million people as a first language, and about 5 million people as a second language."1% of the EU population claims to speak Dutch well enough in order to have a conversation." Outside the European Union the number of second language speakers of Dutch is very small. Most native...
, the words are used a lot more often colloquially than in English, though in German the colloquial form is not Apfel der Zwietracht (lit. "Apple of Discord") but Zankapfel ("Quarrel-apple") and rarely Erisapfel - the Dutch is Twistappel ("Strife-apple").

In the Eixample

Eixample

The Eixample is a district of Barcelona between the old city and what were once surrounding small towns . Constructed in the 19th and early 20th centuries, some parts of the Eixample were heavily influenced by modernisme architects, chief among whom was Antoni Gaudi....
district of Barcelona

Barcelona

Barcelona is the capital and most populous city of the Autonomous communities of Spain of Catalonia and the second largest city in Spain, with a population of 1,615,908 in 2008, while the population of the Metropolitan Area was 3,161,081....
there is a block nicknamed in Spanish, la manzana de la discordia, manzana meaning both "apple" and "city block". It was so named because it features three different interpretations of Modernisme
Modernisme

See also: ModernismModernisme also known, in English language, as Catalan modernism, was the Catalonia equivalent to a number of fin-de-si?cle art movements, such as Symbolism , Decadent movement and Art Nouveau / Jugendstil, from roughly 1888 to 1911....
architecture: Antoni Gaudí

Antoni Gaudí

Antoni Pl?cid Guillem Gaud? i Cornet ? in English sometimes referred to by the Spanish language translation of his name, Antonio Gaud? ? was a Spain Catalonia architecture who belonged to the Modernisme movement and was famous for his unique and highly individualistic designs....
's Casa Batlló

Casa Batlló

Casa Batll? , is a building restored by Antoni Gaud? and Josep Maria Jujol, built in the year 1877 and remodelled in the years 1905–1907; located at 43, Passeig de Gr?cia, Barcelona , part of the Illa de la Disc?rdia in the Eixample district of Barcelona, Catalonia....
, Lluís Domènech i Montaner

Lluís Domènech i Montaner

Llu?s Dom?nech i Montaner was a Spain Catalonia architect who was highly influential on Modernisme, the Catalonia Art Nouveau / Jugendstil movement....
's Casa Lleó Morera

Casa Lleó Morera

The Casa Lle?-Morera is a building designed by noted modernisme architect Llu?s Dom?nech i Montaner, located at Passeig de Gr?cia 35 in the Eixample district of Barcelona....
and Josep Puig i Cadafalch

Josep Puig i Cadafalch

Josep Puig i Cadafalch was a Spain Catalonia Modernisme architect who designed many significant buildings in Barcelona. He was the architect of "la Casa Mart?" which became a place of ideas, projects and social gatherings for such well-known Catalans as Santiago Rusi?ol and Ramon Casas....
's Casa Amatller

Casa Amatller

Casa Amatller is a building in the Modernisme style in Barcelona, designed by Josep Puig i Cadafalch. Along with Casa Batll? and Casa Lle?-Morera, it makes up the three most important buildings in Barcelona's famous Illa de la Disc?rdia , noted for its unique modernist buildings....
.

Kalliste(i) / Kallisti

Etymology

?a???st?, "kalliste(i)", was inscribed on the Golden Apple of Discord by Eris

Eris (mythology)

Eris is the Greek mythology goddess of strife, her name being translated into Latin as Discordia. Her Greek opposite is Harmonia , whose Latin counterpart is Concordia ....
, meaning "for the fairest" or "to the most beautiful" in ancient Greek

Ancient Greek

Ancient Greek is the historical stage in the development of the Greek language spanning across the Archaic Greece , Classical Greece , and Hellenistic civilization periods of ancient Greece and the classical antiquity....
. The word ?a???st?, "kalliste(i)", is the dative

Dative

Dative has several meanings.*In grammar, the dative case is used to indicate the noun to whom something is given.*In chemistry, a dative bond is a chemical bond in which the shared electrons come from one atom only....
singular

Grammatical number

In linguistics, grammatical number is a grammatical category of nouns, pronouns, and adjective and verb agreement that expresses count distinctions ....
of the feminine

Grammatical gender

In linguistics, grammatical genders, sometimes also called noun classes, are classes of nouns reflected in the behavior of associated words; every noun must belong to one of the classes and there should be very few which belong to several classes at once....
superlative

Superlative

In grammar the superlative of an adjective or adverb is the greatest form of adjective or adverb which indicates that something has some feature to a greater degree than anything it is being compared to in a given context....
of ?a???, beautiful

Beauty

Beauty is a characteristic of a person, Location , Object , or idea that provides a perception experience of pleasure, Value , or satisfaction....
). In Latin

Latin

Latin is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Through the Military history of the Roman Empire, Latin spread throughout the Mediterranean and a large part of Europe....
it is pulcherrimae.

Instead of kalliste(i), in some literature the word kallisti from the modern Greek language

Greek language

Greek is an Indo-European languages native to the southern Balkan peninsula, the language of the Greek people. It forms an independent branch within Indo-European....
language is incorrectly used instead. One example is the second novel of the The Illuminatus! Trilogy

The Illuminatus! Trilogy

The Illuminatus! Trilogy is a trilogy written by Robert Shea and Robert Anton Wilson purportedly between 1969 and 1971, and first published in 1975....
by Robert Shea

Robert Shea

Robert Joseph Shea was a novelist and former journalism best known as co-author with Robert Anton Wilson of the science fantasy trilogy Illuminatus!....
and Robert Anton Wilson

Robert Anton Wilson

Robert Anton Wilson or RAW was an United States novelist, essayist, philosopher, psychonaut, futurologist and libertarian.Wilson described his writing as an "attempt to break down conditioned associations?to look at the world in a new way, with many models recognized as models or maps and no one model elevated to the Truth." ... ...
.

Since the wedding of Peleus and Thetis was held on Mount Pelion

Pelion

Pelion or Pelium is a mountain at the southeastern part of Thessaly in central Greece, forming a hook-like peninsula between the Pagasetic Gulf and the Aegean Sea....
in Magnesia

Magnesia

Magnesia , deriving from the tribe name Magnetes, is the name of the southeastern area of Thessaly in central Greece. The modern prefecture was created in 1947 out of the Larissa prefecture....
, the inscription would have been in the local Cumae alphabet

Cumae alphabet

The Cumae alphabet was a western epichoric alphabet of the early Greek alphabet, used between the 8th to 5th centuries BC. It was specifically used in Euboea and the areas west of Athens, especially in the Greek colonies of southern Italy....
. Nestor's Cup

Nestor's Cup

The term Cup of Nestor or Nestor's Cup can refer to:#A golden mixing cup, described in Homer's Iliad, belonging to Nestor , the king of Pylos....
provides a close example.

Discordianism

The word Kallisti has become a principal symbol of Discordianism

Discordianism

Discordianism is a modernism religion centered on the idea that chaos is all that there is, and that Cosmos and disorder, the latter considered a concept distinct from chaos, are both illusions that are imposed on chaos....
, a modern religion. In non-philological

Philology

Philology, derived from the Greek language considers both morphology and Meaning in linguistic expression, combining linguistics and literary studies....
texts (such as Discordian ones) the word is usually spelled as ?a???st?. Most versions of Principia Discordia
Principia Discordia

Principia Discordia is a Discordianism religious text written by Gregory Hill and Kerry Thornley . It was originally published under the title "Principia Discordia or How The West Was Lost" in a limited edition of 5 copies in 1965....
actually spell it as ?a????t?, but this is definitely incorrect; in the afterword of the 1979 Loompanics

Loompanics

Loompanics Unlimited was an American book seller and publisher specializing in nonfiction on generally unconventional or controversial topics, with a philosophy arguably tending to a mixture of libertarian and left wing ideals, although Loompanics carried books expressing other political viewpoints as well as outspokenly apolitical ones....
edition of Principia, Gregory Hill says that was because on the IBM typewriter he used, not all Greek letters

Greek alphabet

The Greek alphabet is a set of twenty-four letters that has been used to write the Greek language since the late 9th century BC or early 8th century BCE....
coincided with Latin

Latin alphabet

The Latin alphabet, also called the Roman alphabet, is the most widely used alphabetic writing system in the world today. It evolved from the western variety of the Greek alphabet called the Cumae alphabet, and was initially developed by the Ancient Romes to write the Latin....
ones, and he didn't know enough of the letters to spot the mistake.

Other uses

Kallisti (?a???st?) is also an ancient name of Santorini
Santorini

Santorini is a small, circular archipelago of volcano islands located in the southern Aegean Sea, about 200 km southeast from Greece's mainland....
.