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Andros, or Andro , an island
Island

An island or isle is any piece of land that is surrounded by water. Very small islands such as emergent land features on atolls are called islets....
 of the Greek
Greece

Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , is a country in southeastern Europe, situated on the southern end of the Balkans. It has borders with Albania, Bulgaria and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia to the north, and Turkey to the east....
 archipelago
Archipelago

An archipelago is a chain or cluster of islands that are formed tectonically. The word archipelago literally means "chief sea", from Italian language arcipelago , derived ultimately from Greek language arkhon and pelagos ....
, the most northerly of the Cyclades
Cyclades

The Cyclades are a Greece island group in the Aegean Sea, south-east of the mainland of Greece; and an administrative prefectures of Greece of Greece....
, approximately 10 km (6 miles) south east of Euboea
Euboea

For the Greek mythology figure, see Euboea Euboea is the second largest of the Greece Aegean Islands and the second largest List of islands of Greece overall in area and population, after Crete....
, and about north of Tinos
Tinos

Tinos is a Greek island situated in the Aegean Sea. It is located in the Cyclades archipelago. In ancient times, Tinos was also known as Ophiussa and Hydroessa ....
. It is nearly long, and its greatest breadth is . Its surface is for the most part mountain
Mountain

A mountain is a landform that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area usually in the form of a peak. A mountain is generally steeper than a hill....
ous, with many fruitful and well-watered valley
Valley

In geology, a valley is a Depression with predominant extent in one direction. A very deep river valley may be called a canyon or gorge....
s. Andros, the capital, on the east coast, contained about 2000 inhabitants in 1900. The island had about 18,000 inhabitants in (1900).






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Andros, or Andro , an island
Island

An island or isle is any piece of land that is surrounded by water. Very small islands such as emergent land features on atolls are called islets....
 of the Greek
Greece

Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , is a country in southeastern Europe, situated on the southern end of the Balkans. It has borders with Albania, Bulgaria and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia to the north, and Turkey to the east....
 archipelago
Archipelago

An archipelago is a chain or cluster of islands that are formed tectonically. The word archipelago literally means "chief sea", from Italian language arcipelago , derived ultimately from Greek language arkhon and pelagos ....
, the most northerly of the Cyclades
Cyclades

The Cyclades are a Greece island group in the Aegean Sea, south-east of the mainland of Greece; and an administrative prefectures of Greece of Greece....
, approximately 10 km (6 miles) south east of Euboea
Euboea

For the Greek mythology figure, see Euboea Euboea is the second largest of the Greece Aegean Islands and the second largest List of islands of Greece overall in area and population, after Crete....
, and about north of Tinos
Tinos

Tinos is a Greek island situated in the Aegean Sea. It is located in the Cyclades archipelago. In ancient times, Tinos was also known as Ophiussa and Hydroessa ....
. It is nearly long, and its greatest breadth is . Its surface is for the most part mountain
Mountain

A mountain is a landform that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area usually in the form of a peak. A mountain is generally steeper than a hill....
ous, with many fruitful and well-watered valley
Valley

In geology, a valley is a Depression with predominant extent in one direction. A very deep river valley may be called a canyon or gorge....
s. Andros, the capital, on the east coast, contained about 2000 inhabitants in 1900. The island had about 18,000 inhabitants in (1900). The 1991 census read 8,781. According to the latest Greek census of 2001, the town of Andros still contained 1,508 inhabitants, and the island's total was 10,009. The island is comprised of the municipalities of Andros (pop. 4,107), Korthio
Korthio

Korthio is a Communities and Municipalities of Greece on the island of Andros, in the Cyclades, Greece. Its population was 2,547 inhabitants at the 2001 census, and its land area is 81.918 km?....
 (pop. 2,547), and Ydrousa
Ydrousa

Ydrousa is a Communities and Municipalities of Greece on the island of Andros, in the Cyclades, Greece. The population was 3,355 inhabitants at the 2001 census....
 (pop. 3,355). Their combined land area is 380.041 km². The largest towns are Ándros, Gávrio, Bátsi, and Órmos Korthíou.

History

The island in ancient times contained an Ionia
Ionia

Ionia is an ancient region of central coastal Anatolia in present-day Turkey, the region nearest Izmir, which was historically Smyrna. It consisted of the northernmost territories of the Ionian League of Hellenes settlements....
n population. Though originally dependent on Eretria
Eretria

Eretria was a polis in Ancient Greece, located on the western coast of the island of Euboea , south of Chalcis, facing the coast of Attica across the narrow Euboian Gulf....
, by the 7th century BC it had become sufficiently prosperous to send out several colonies, to Chalcidice
Chalcidice

Chalkidiki, also Halkidiki or Chalcidice, less often Khalkidiki and rarely Chalkidice , is one of the prefectures of Greece....
 (Acanthus
Acanthus (Greece)

Acanthus or Akanthos was an ancient Greek city on the Mount Athos peninsula. It was located on the north-east side of Akti, on the most eastern peninsula of Chalcidice....
, Stageira
Stageira

Stageira was an ancient Greece city on the Chalcidice peninsula and is chiefly known for being the birthplace of Aristotle. The city lies a few kilometres north of the present-day village of Stagira, close to the city now called Olympias....
, Argilus, Sane
Sane

Sane is an English word meaning "of sound mind"; see Sanity.Sane may also refer to:* Sane Ancient Greek city* SANE , a mental health charity in the UK...
). The ruins of Palaeopolis
Paleopolis, Andros

Paleopolis is an ancient city on the west coast of Andros in the Cyclades Islands, Greece.From the archaic to the first Byzantine period, the epicenter of the island's activities is traced to the area of Paleopolis, which is found on the west side of the island, at a distance of 5 kilometers from Ipsili and 10 kilometers from Zagora, Andr...
, the ancient capital, are on the west coast; the town possessed a famous temple, dedicated to Dionysus
Dionysus

In classical mythology, Dionysus or Dionysos , is the God of wine, the inspirer of ritual madness and ecstasy, and a major figure of Greek mythology, and one of the twelve Olympians, among whom Greek mythology treated Dionysus as a late arrival....
.In 480 BC it supplied ships to Xerxes and was subsequently harried by the Greek fleet. Though enrolled in the Delian League
Delian League

The Delian League was an association of approximately 150 5th-century BC Ancient Greece city-states under the leadership of Classical Athens, whose purpose was to continue fighting the Persian Empire after the Greek victory in the Battle of Plataea at the end of the Greco?Persian Wars....
 it remained disaffected towards Athens
Classical Athens

The city of Athens during classical antiquity was a notable polis of Attica, Ancient Greece, leading the Delian League in the Peloponnesian War against Sparta and the Peloponnesian League....
, and in 477 had to be coerced by the establishment of a cleruchy
Cleruchy

A cleruchy, in Hellenic Greece, was a specialized type of Colonies in antiquity established by Classical Athens. The term comes from the Greek language word kleroukhos, literally "lot-holder"....
 on the island; nevertheless, in 411 Andros proclaimed its freedom, and in 408 withstood an Athenian attack. As a member of the second Delian League it was again controlled by a garrison and an archon
Archon

Archon is a Greek language word that means "ruler", frequently used as the title of a specific public office. It is the masculine present participle of the verb stem ???-, meaning "to rule", derived from the same root as monarch, hierarchy and anarchism....
. In the Hellenistic period Andros was contended for as a frontier-post by the two naval powers of the Aegean Sea
Aegean Sea

The Aegean Sea is an elongated embayment of the Mediterranean Sea located between the southern Balkans and Anatolian peninsulas, i.e., between the mainlands of Greece and Turkey respectively....
, Macedon
Macedon

Macedon or Macedonia was the name of a monarchy centred in the northernmost part of ancient Greece. The homeland of the ancient Macedonians, it was bordered by the kingdom of Epirus to the west and the region of Thrace to the east....
 and Ptolemaic Egypt
Ptolemaic Egypt

Ptolemaic Egypt began when Ptolemy I Soter declared himself Pharaoh of Egypt in 305 BC and ended with the death of queen Cleopatra VII of Egypt and the Aegyptus in 30 BC....
. In 333 it received a Macedonian garrison from Antipater
Antipater

Antipater was a Macedonian general and a supporter of kings Philip II of Macedon and Alexander the Great. In 320 BC, he became regent of all of Alexander's empire....
; in 308 it was freed by Ptolemy I of Egypt. In the Chremonidean War
Chremonidean War

The Chremonidean War was fought by a coalition of Greek city-states against Macedonian domination.The origins of the war lie in the continuing desire of many Greek states, most notably Athens and History of Sparta, for a restoration of their former independence along with the Ptolemaic dynasty desire to stir up discontent within the spher...
 (266-263) it passed again to Macedon after a battle
Battle of Andros

The Battle of Andros was a battle during the Syrian_Wars#Third_Syrian_War_.28246-241_BC.29.In 246 BC, Ptolemy III Euergetes lost the Cyclades to Antigonus II Gonatas....
 fought off its shores. In 200 it was captured by a combined Roman
Roman Republic

The Roman Republic was the phase of the Ancient Rome characterized by a republican form of government; a period which began with the overthrow of the Roman Roman Kingdom, c....
, Pergamene and Rhodian
Rhodes

Rhodes is a Greece List of islands of Greece approximately southwest of Turkey in eastern Aegean Sea. It is the largest of the Dodecanese islands in terms of both land area and population, with a population of 117,007 of which 53,709 resided in the Rhodes capital city of the island....
 fleet, and remained a possession of Pergamum until the dissolution of that kingdom in 133 BC. Before falling under Turkish
Turkey

Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country that stretches across the Anatolian peninsula in southwest Asia and Thrace in the Balkans region of Southern Europe....
 rule, Andros was from A.D. 1207 till 1566 governed by the families Zeno
Zeno

Zeno is a Greek name derived from the more ancient variant Zenon . The word may refer to any of the following:...
 and Sommariva
Sommariva

Sommariva may refer to:* Sommariva Perno* Sommariva del Bosco...
 under Venetian
Venice

Venice is a city in northern Italy, the capital city of the Italian regions Veneto, a population of 271,251 . Together with Padua, Italy, the city is included in the Padua-Venice Metropolitan Area ....
 protection. After a few centuries, Cyclades joined the rest of Greece
Greece

Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , is a country in southeastern Europe, situated on the southern end of the Balkans. It has borders with Albania, Bulgaria and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia to the north, and Turkey to the east....
 in 1821.

On May 10 1821, Theophilos Kairis
Theophilos Kairis

Theophilos Kairis was born on Andros, Cyclades as a son of a distinguished family....
, one of the leading intellectuals of the Greek Revolution, declared the War of Independence by raising the Greek flag at the picturesque cliffside church of St George: at this time, a famous heartfelt speech, or "rhetoras", inspired shipowners and merchants to contribute funds to build a Greek Navy to combat the Ottomans.

Andros City


Andros (Chora or Hora, pop. 1,508), the capital of the island, is on a headland between two beaches. It has a mix of post-World War I neoclassical mansions with vernacular Cycladic houses. The town squares are paved with marble. At the end of the headland are two islands, the first linked to the mainland by a brick bridge a ruined Venetian castle and the second a lighthouse. There are four museums: the extensive Archaeological Museum, Museum of Modern Art, a Nautical Museum and a Folklore Museum. The island is famous for its Sariza spring at Apoikia where the water comes out of a lionhead.

The north of Andros has a small Arvanite community, and an Arbëresh village in Sicily called Piana degli Albanesi
Piana degli Albanesi

Piana degli Albanesi is an Italy comune in the Province of Palermo, Sicily. It has 6,227 inhabitants as of 2001.The town is known for being principally an Arb?resh? community, and is called Hora e Arb?resh?vet or Hora Sheshi O?na in the residents' own dialect of Albanian language....
 is named 'Hora' in Arbëresh
Arbëresh language

Arb?resh, Arb?risht, or Arb?rishte is the dialect of the Albanian language spoken by the Arb?resh?, the group of Albanian-speaking minorities in Italy....
, possibly after the capital of Andros, also called Hora (???a).

Palaeopolis, the ancient capital, built into a steep hillside, and its harbor's breakwater can still be seen underwater.

Municipalities


Communities and settlements

  • Aladinon
  • Apoikia
  • Ammolochos
  • Andros (Chora)
  • Ano Aprovato
  • Ano Gavrio
  • Arnas, Andros
  • Batsi
  • Epano Fellos
  • Gavrio
  • Kalyvari
  • Kaparia
  • Katakilo
  • Kipri
  • Kochylos
  • Lamira
  • Livadia
    Livadia

    Livadia can refer to:* Livadiya , a suburb of Yalta, Crimea, Ukraine, where the Livadia Palace is situated.* Livadiya, Primorsky Krai, a suburb of Nakhodka, Russia, near Mount Livadia...
  • Makrotantalo
  • Mermingies
  • Mesaria
  • Ormos Korthiou
  • Palaiokastro
  • Palaiopolis
    Paleopolis, Andros

    Paleopolis is an ancient city on the west coast of Andros in the Cyclades Islands, Greece.From the archaic to the first Byzantine period, the epicenter of the island's activities is traced to the area of Paleopolis, which is found on the west side of the island, at a distance of 5 kilometers from Ipsili and 10 kilometers from Zagora, Andr...
  • Piso Meria
  • Pitrofos
  • Sineti
  • Stenies
  • Varidio
  • Vitalio
  • Vouni
    Vouni

    Vouni is a small village in Limassol District, Cyprus....
  • Vourkoti
  • Ypsilou
  • Zaganiaris


Notable people

  • Theophilos Kairis
    Theophilos Kairis

    Theophilos Kairis was born on Andros, Cyclades as a son of a distinguished family....
     (1784-1853) priest and revolutionary
  • Nikitas Kaklamanis
    Nikitas Kaklamanis

    Nikitas M. Kaklamanis is a prominent Greece New Democracy politician and the Mayor of Athens. He is a former Minister for Health and Social Solidarity ....
     (1946-present) doctor and politician, Mayor of Athens
    Athens

    Athens , the Capital and largest city of Greece, dominates the Attica periphery; as one of the List of cities by time of continuous habitation, its recorded history spans around 3,400 years....
  • Yiannis Tridimas
    Yiannis Tridimas

    Yiannis Tridimas is a well renowned long-distance fell runner, noted as being the first and only 60 year old to have completed an extended version of the Bob Graham Round, covering 60 peaks in under 24 hours....
     (1945-present) Established UK Long distance runner


External links

  • "Andros, one of the Cyclades, Greece"