Amílcar de Sousa
Encyclopedia
Amílcar Augusto Queirós de Sousa (1876–1940) was a Portuguese
medical doctor, and author of many health books, being the most famous O Naturismo (Naturism), published in 1912. A pioneer
of vegetarianism
in Portugal
, he was the president of the first Portuguese vegetarian society, the Sociedade Vegetariana de Portugal, founded in the city of Porto
, 1911, and the director of O Vegetariano (The Vegetarian), a monthly magazine
on vegetarianism.
He corresponded with many well known personalities from medicine and science, such as the German naturalist Ernst Haeckel
, the American
medical doctor John Harvey Kellogg
, and the French physician Paul Carton.
He advocated a raw
vegetarian diet. He was also against eggs
, milk
, tobacco
and alcohol
. He said that eating an egg was the same as ”eating a chicken embryo” and that milk was “not the food of man.”
D. M. Richardson wrote in the magazine The Healthy Life (July, 1912):
He was also a pacifist and frequently criticized war
in his articles.
He considered Pythagoras
to be the most notable philosopher of all time and wrote that Jean-Jacques Rousseau
was the best educator, as in Émile, or On Education, he valued education in contact with nature.
. Some of them are:
Portuguese people
The Portuguese are a nation and ethnic group native to the country of Portugal, in the west of the Iberian peninsula of south-west Europe. Their language is Portuguese, and Roman Catholicism is the predominant religion....
medical doctor, and author of many health books, being the most famous O Naturismo (Naturism), published in 1912. A pioneer
Innovator
An innovator in a general sense, is a person or an organization who is one of the first to introduce into reality something better than before. That often opens up a new area for others and achieves an innovation.-History:...
of vegetarianism
Vegetarianism
Vegetarianism encompasses the practice of following plant-based diets , with or without the inclusion of dairy products or eggs, and with the exclusion of meat...
in Portugal
Portugal
Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
, he was the president of the first Portuguese vegetarian society, the Sociedade Vegetariana de Portugal, founded in the city of Porto
Porto
Porto , also known as Oporto in English, is the second largest city in Portugal and one of the major urban areas in the Iberian Peninsula. Its administrative limits include a population of 237,559 inhabitants distributed within 15 civil parishes...
, 1911, and the director of O Vegetariano (The Vegetarian), a monthly magazine
Magazine
Magazines, periodicals, glossies or serials are publications, generally published on a regular schedule, containing a variety of articles. They are generally financed by advertising, by a purchase price, by pre-paid magazine subscriptions, or all three...
on vegetarianism.
He corresponded with many well known personalities from medicine and science, such as the German naturalist Ernst Haeckel
Ernst Haeckel
The "European War" became known as "The Great War", and it was not until 1920, in the book "The First World War 1914-1918" by Charles à Court Repington, that the term "First World War" was used as the official name for the conflict.-Research:...
, the American
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
medical doctor John Harvey Kellogg
John Harvey Kellogg
John Harvey Kellogg was an American medical doctor in Battle Creek, Michigan, who ran a sanitarium using holistic methods, with a particular focus on nutrition, enemas and exercise. Kellogg was an advocate of vegetarianism and is best known for the invention of the corn flakes breakfast cereal...
, and the French physician Paul Carton.
He advocated a raw
Raw foodism
Raw foodism is the practice of consuming uncooked, unprocessed, and often organic foods as a large percentage of the diet....
vegetarian diet. He was also against eggs
Egg (food)
Eggs are laid by females of many different species, including birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish, and have probably been eaten by mankind for millennia. Bird and reptile eggs consist of a protective eggshell, albumen , and vitellus , contained within various thin membranes...
, milk
Milk
Milk is a white liquid produced by the mammary glands of mammals. It is the primary source of nutrition for young mammals before they are able to digest other types of food. Early-lactation milk contains colostrum, which carries the mother's antibodies to the baby and can reduce the risk of many...
, tobacco
Tobacco
Tobacco is an agricultural product processed from the leaves of plants in the genus Nicotiana. It can be consumed, used as a pesticide and, in the form of nicotine tartrate, used in some medicines...
and alcohol
Alcohol
In chemistry, an alcohol is an organic compound in which the hydroxy functional group is bound to a carbon atom. In particular, this carbon center should be saturated, having single bonds to three other atoms....
. He said that eating an egg was the same as ”eating a chicken embryo” and that milk was “not the food of man.”
D. M. Richardson wrote in the magazine The Healthy Life (July, 1912):
He was also a pacifist and frequently criticized war
War
War is a state of organized, armed, and often prolonged conflict carried on between states, nations, or other parties typified by extreme aggression, social disruption, and usually high mortality. War should be understood as an actual, intentional and widespread armed conflict between political...
in his articles.
He considered Pythagoras
Pythagoras
Pythagoras of Samos was an Ionian Greek philosopher, mathematician, and founder of the religious movement called Pythagoreanism. Most of the information about Pythagoras was written down centuries after he lived, so very little reliable information is known about him...
to be the most notable philosopher of all time and wrote that Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Jean-Jacques Rousseau was a Genevan philosopher, writer, and composer of 18th-century Romanticism. His political philosophy influenced the French Revolution as well as the overall development of modern political, sociological and educational thought.His novel Émile: or, On Education is a treatise...
was the best educator, as in Émile, or On Education, he valued education in contact with nature.
Books in Spanish
Most of his books have been translated to SpanishSpanish language
Spanish , also known as Castilian , is a Romance language in the Ibero-Romance group that evolved from several languages and dialects in central-northern Iberia around the 9th century and gradually spread with the expansion of the Kingdom of Castile into central and southern Iberia during the...
. Some of them are:
- El naturismo La Gutenberg. 1913. Valencia.
- La salud por el naturismo La Gutenberg. 1918. Valencia
- Tesis médica naturista
- La curación del estreñimiento
- Catecismo naturista
- El naturismo en veinte lecciones
- Cómo detendremos la muerte? (with Capo, N.)
- Tesis Medica Naturista. Sauch. 1976. Barcelona