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Count Napoleon Stanislaw Adam Ludwig Zygmunt Krasinski (Paris, France, 19 February 1812 – 23 February 1859, Paris, France), a Polish
Poland

Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe. Poland is bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian Enclave and exclave, to the north....
 count
Count

A count is a nobleman in European countries; The word count comes from French language comte, itself from Latin comes?in its Accusative case comitem?meaning "companion", and later "companion of the emperor, delegate of the emperor"....
, is traditionally ranked with Mickiewicz
Adam Mickiewicz

Adam Bernard Mickiewicz is generally regarded as the greatest Polish Romanticism poet. He ranks as one of Poland's Three Bards alongside Zygmunt Krasinski and Juliusz Slowacki....
 and Slowacki
Juliusz Slowacki

Juliusz Slowacki was a noted Poles Romantic poet, considered to be one of the "Three Bards" of Polish literature. His works often feature elements of Slavic mythology, mysticism, and Orientalism....
 as one of Poland's Three National Bards
Three Bards

The Three Bards are the three national poets of Polish literature. Wieszcz means prophet or soothsayer, as the poets included in the group by the literary critics and general population were thought to not only describe the national feelings of Polish society, but also foresee the nation's future....
 — the trio of great Romantic
Romantic poetry

Romanticism largely began as a reaction against the prevailing Age of Enlightenment ideals of the day. Inevitably, the characterization of a broad range of contemporaneous poets and poetry under the single unifying name can be viewed more as an exercise in historical compartmentalization than an actual attempt to capture the essence of the ac...
 poets who influenced national consciousness during the period of Poland's political bondage.

inski was the son of a general, Count Wincenty Krasinski
Wincenty Krasinski

Count Wincenty Krasinski was a Poland nobleman , political activist and military leader.His military career began at the age of eight in 1791 in the National cavalry....
, of the aristocratic Krasinski family.






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Count Napoleon Stanislaw Adam Ludwig Zygmunt Krasinski (Paris, France, 19 February 1812 – 23 February 1859, Paris, France), a Polish
Poland

Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe. Poland is bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian Enclave and exclave, to the north....
 count
Count

A count is a nobleman in European countries; The word count comes from French language comte, itself from Latin comes?in its Accusative case comitem?meaning "companion", and later "companion of the emperor, delegate of the emperor"....
, is traditionally ranked with Mickiewicz
Adam Mickiewicz

Adam Bernard Mickiewicz is generally regarded as the greatest Polish Romanticism poet. He ranks as one of Poland's Three Bards alongside Zygmunt Krasinski and Juliusz Slowacki....
 and Slowacki
Juliusz Slowacki

Juliusz Slowacki was a noted Poles Romantic poet, considered to be one of the "Three Bards" of Polish literature. His works often feature elements of Slavic mythology, mysticism, and Orientalism....
 as one of Poland's Three National Bards
Three Bards

The Three Bards are the three national poets of Polish literature. Wieszcz means prophet or soothsayer, as the poets included in the group by the literary critics and general population were thought to not only describe the national feelings of Polish society, but also foresee the nation's future....
 — the trio of great Romantic
Romantic poetry

Romanticism largely began as a reaction against the prevailing Age of Enlightenment ideals of the day. Inevitably, the characterization of a broad range of contemporaneous poets and poetry under the single unifying name can be viewed more as an exercise in historical compartmentalization than an actual attempt to capture the essence of the ac...
 poets who influenced national consciousness during the period of Poland's political bondage.

Life and work

Krasinski was the son of a general, Count Wincenty Krasinski
Wincenty Krasinski

Count Wincenty Krasinski was a Poland nobleman , political activist and military leader.His military career began at the age of eight in 1791 in the National cavalry....
, of the aristocratic Krasinski family. He studied law at Warsaw University and in Geneva
Geneva

Geneva is the second-most-populous city in Switzerland and is the most populous city of Romandie . Situated where the Rh?ne River exits Lake Geneva , it is the capital of the Canton of Geneva....
, where he met Adam Mickiewicz
Adam Mickiewicz

Adam Bernard Mickiewicz is generally regarded as the greatest Polish Romanticism poet. He ranks as one of Poland's Three Bards alongside Zygmunt Krasinski and Juliusz Slowacki....
.

Krasinski was more sociopolitically conservative than the other two poets. He published much of his work anonymously.

He is best known for his philosophical
Philosophy

Philosophy is the study of general problems concerning matters such as existence, knowledge, truth, beauty, justice, validity, mind, and language....
 Messianist
Messianism

Messianism is the belief in a messiah, a savior or redeemer. Many religions have a messiah concept, including the Zoroastrian Saoshyant, the Jewish Messiah, the Christian Christ, the Buddhist Maitreya and the Hindu Kalki....
 ideas. His drama, Nie-boska Komedia (The Un-Divine Comedy, 1835), portrays the tragedy of an old-world aristocracy
Aristocracy

Aristocracy is a form of government, in which a few of the most prominent citizens rule. This may be a hereditary elite, or it may be by a system of cooption where a council of prominent citizens add leading soldiers, merchants, land owners, priests, and lawyers to their number....
 defeated by a new order of communism
Communism

Communism is a socioeconomic structure and political ideology that promotes the establishment of an egalitarianism, classlessness, stateless society based on common ownership and control of the means of production and property in general....
 and democracy
Democracy

Democracy is a form of government in which power is held directly or indirectly by citizens under a free electoral system. It is derived from the Greek language d?????at?a , "popular government" which was coined from d???? , "people" and ???t?? , "rule, strength" in the middle of the 5th-4th century BC to denote the political syst...
, and is a poetic prophecy of class conflict
Class conflict

Class conflict refers to the underlying tensions or antagonisms which exist in society due to conflicting interests that arise from different social positions....
 and of Russia's October Revolution (see also Okopy Swietej Trójcy); and his drama, Irydion (1836), deals, in the context of Christian ethics
Christian ethics

The first meeting on the topic of Christian ethics, after the Sermon on the Mount and Great Commission , was the Council of Jerusalem , which decreed the Apostolic Decree , forbidding idolatry, fornication, and Taboo food and drink#Blood and things strangled as the minimum requirements for new converts — which is seen by many, beginning...
, with the struggle of a subjugated nation against its oppressor. Writings of Krasinski from the period are full of frenetic plots, strongly influenced by gothic fiction
Gothic fiction

Gothic fiction is a genre of literature that combines elements of both Horror fiction and Romance . As a genre, it is generally believed to have been invented by the English author Horace Walpole, 4th Earl of Orford, with his 1764 novel The Castle of Otranto....
 and Dante Alighieri
Dante Alighieri

Durante degli Alighieri , commonly known as Dante Alighieri, was a Florence poet of the Middle Ages. His Magnum opus, the Divine Comedy , is often considered the greatest literary work composed in the Italian language and a masterpiece of world literature....
. As the poet's most famous works show, he is most interested in the extreme face of human existence such as hate, desperation or solitude. Krasinski's Agaj-Han (1834) is also well known in Poland. It is a historical
Historical novel

A historical novel is a novel in which the story is set among historical events, or more generally, in which the time of the action predates the lifetime of the author....
-poetic novel, though unlike the historical novels which were popular in Poland, such as those of Walter Scott
Walter Scott

Sir Walter Scott, 1st Baronet, was a prolific Scotland historical novelist and poet popular throughout Europe during his time.In some ways Scott was the first English-language author to have a truly international career in his lifetime, with many contemporary readers all over Europe, Australia, and North America....
. Agaj-Han is filled by macabre motives, death and fratricide. Upon human life still exists tragic fate
Fate

Fate may refer to:* Destiny, an inevitable course of events* Fatalism, a philosophical doctrine...
. Later (1844–1848) he wrote Psalmy Przyszlosci (Psalms of the Future), in which Krasinski calls to love and charity
Charity

Charity may refer to:...
 according to Christianism
Christianism

Christianism refers to fundamentalism Christianity and/ or Christendom.It may also refer to:* the belief that Christianity is superior to all other religions...
.

His muse
Muse

File:Muse reading Louvre CA2220.jpgThe Muses in Greek mythology, poetry, and literature are the goddesses or spirits who inspire the creation of literature and the arts....
 for many years was Countess Delfina Potocka
Delfina Potocka

Delfina Potocka, n?e Komar , a Poland countess, was a friend and muse to noted Polish expatriate artists Fr?d?ric Chopin#Paris and Zygmunt Krasinski....
 (likewise a friend of Chopin), with whom he conducted a romance from 1838 to 1846. Later she continued to be his friend, and he wrote for her Sen Cezary (published 1840) and Przedswit (Dawn's Approach, published 1843).

On 26 July 1843, Krasinski married Polish Countess Eliza Branicka (1820-76).

See also

  • Great Emigration
    Great Emigration

    The Great Emigration was an emigration of political elites from Poland from 1831–1870. Since the end of the 18th century, a major role in Polish political life was played by people who carried out their activities outside the country as ?migr?s....
  • Hôtel Lambert
    Hôtel Lambert

    H?tel Lambert is an h?tel particulier on Quai Anjou on the eastern tip of the ?le Saint-Louis, IVe arrondissement; the name H?tel Lambert was a sobriquet that designated a nineteenth-century political faction of Poland exiles, who gathered there....
  • History of philosophy in Poland
    History of philosophy in Poland

    The history of philosophy in Poland parallels the evolution of philosophy in Europe generally. Polish philosophy drew upon the broader currents of European philosophy, and in turn contributed to their growth....
  • List of Poles
    List of Poles

    This is a partial list of famous Poles or Polish language persons. In the interest of fairness and accuracy, a minority of persons of mixed heritage have their respective ancestries credited....


External links