Wainfleet, Lincolnshire
Encyclopedia
Wainfleet All Saints is an ancient port and market town on the east coast of Lincolnshire
, England, situated on the B1195 between Spilsby
and Boston
. The town stands on the small rivers Steeping and Limb that form Wainfleet Haven. The town is close to Skegness
, Boston, Spilsby
, the Lincolnshire Wolds
and the Coast
. Two miles away on the A52 is the village of Wainfleet St Mary.
, Wainfleet is referred to as 'Wenflet'.
The parish church of All Saints was built in 1820-21 following the demolition of a previous medieval church of the same dedication, using part of the old church's material. A further church, St Thomas, had been destroyed by this time. During the demolition of All Saints the tomb of William of Waynflete's father, Richard Patten, was broken up but was later restored within Waynflete's Magdalen College
Chapel, Oxford
.
Waynflete founded the town's Magdalen College School in 1484, and obtained for the town a charter of incorporation in 1457.
In 1847 Barkham Street, a 'London-style' terrace was commissioned by Bethlem Hospital and built to the design of Sydney Smirke
and to similar specifications as other Bethlem terraces in Southwark
, London.
The Market Place has two Grade II listed structures: a clock tower erected in 1899, and a 15th century limestone Buttercross
, set on three steps and topped with a 19th century finial and weathervane, from which John Wesley
preached.
The town is notable for Batemans Brewery
; the brewery building incorporates the Georgian
Salem House and a previous corn mill: Salem Bridge Mill. Public houses in Wainfleet are the Woolpack Hotel, Royal Oak, and the Red Lion on High Street.
Skegness Grammar School
has a boarding house in the town on Low Road.
Wainfleet became a conservation area
in 1972.
until the development of Skegness
6–7 miles to the east. Wainfleet railway station
is on Station Road, and is on the Nottingham to Skegness Line
.
No distinction was made between Wainfleet All Saints, Wainfleet St Mary, or Wainfleet St Thomas, until a deed from Peter De Beningword to Bardney Abbey
mentions North Wenfled. The original deed held in the British museum
is undated, but is estimated to be from the 13th Century.
In 1316 Wainfleet St Thomas is mentioned as paying tax under Feudal Aid. At the time of the reformation
, the chapel belonged to Kyme Priory
. There is no clear indication of when it was demolished, but it was still standing at the time of the Protectorate
, when the general Baptists were granted its use. Nothing remains of the chapel today, although its site is used as an extension of the present cemetery.
In 1546 Thomas Lyttlebury Esq was heir to the manor of Northolme through his brother John. However it seems that the estate became the property of John's daughter, Alice, who married Thomas Upton. Thomas Upton's successors lived at Northolme Hall.
The first Northolme Hall was an Elizabethan moated manor house, reputedly built in 1549. The present Northolme Hall was built on the same site in 1866.
Lincolnshire
Lincolnshire is a county in the east of England. It borders Norfolk to the south east, Cambridgeshire to the south, Rutland to the south west, Leicestershire and Nottinghamshire to the west, South Yorkshire to the north west, and the East Riding of Yorkshire to the north. It also borders...
, England, situated on the B1195 between Spilsby
Spilsby
Spilsby is a market town and civil parish in Lincolnshire. England. The town is situated adjacent to the main A16 Trunk Road at the southern edge of the Lincolnshire Wolds north of the Fenlands, east of the county town of Lincoln, north east of Boston and north west from Skegness.The town has...
and Boston
Boston, Lincolnshire
Boston is a town and small port in Lincolnshire, on the east coast of England. It is the largest town of the wider Borough of Boston local government district and had a total population of 55,750 at the 2001 census...
. The town stands on the small rivers Steeping and Limb that form Wainfleet Haven. The town is close to Skegness
Skegness
Skegness is a seaside town and civil parish in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. Located on the Lincolnshire coast of the North Sea, east of the city of Lincoln it has a total resident population of 18,910....
, Boston, Spilsby
Spilsby
Spilsby is a market town and civil parish in Lincolnshire. England. The town is situated adjacent to the main A16 Trunk Road at the southern edge of the Lincolnshire Wolds north of the Fenlands, east of the county town of Lincoln, north east of Boston and north west from Skegness.The town has...
, the Lincolnshire Wolds
Lincolnshire Wolds
The Lincolnshire Wolds is a range of hills in the county of Lincolnshire, England. It is a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty , and the highest area of land in eastern England between Yorkshire and Kent...
and the Coast
Lincolnshire coast
The coast of Lincolnshire runs for more than down the North Sea coast of eastern England, from the estuary of the Humber to the marshlands of the Wash, where it meets Norfolk...
. Two miles away on the A52 is the village of Wainfleet St Mary.
History and landmarks
The name "Wainfleet" is derived from Wegn fleot, a stream that can be crossed by a wagon. The town stands on or near the former Roman settlement of Vainono. Two tumuli, one to the north and one to the south of the town, are of unknown origin, although it has been suggested that they could be Viking or Roman. A number of coins from the period have been found in the vicinity. In DomesdayDomesday Book
Domesday Book , now held at The National Archives, Kew, Richmond upon Thames in South West London, is the record of the great survey of much of England and parts of Wales completed in 1086...
, Wainfleet is referred to as 'Wenflet'.
The parish church of All Saints was built in 1820-21 following the demolition of a previous medieval church of the same dedication, using part of the old church's material. A further church, St Thomas, had been destroyed by this time. During the demolition of All Saints the tomb of William of Waynflete's father, Richard Patten, was broken up but was later restored within Waynflete's Magdalen College
Magdalen College
Magdalen College or Magdalene College may refer to:*Magdalen College, Oxford - a constituent college of the University of Oxford*Magdalene College, Cambridge - a constituent college of the University of Cambridge...
Chapel, Oxford
Oxford
The city of Oxford is the county town of Oxfordshire, England. The city, made prominent by its medieval university, has a population of just under 165,000, with 153,900 living within the district boundary. It lies about 50 miles north-west of London. The rivers Cherwell and Thames run through...
.
Waynflete founded the town's Magdalen College School in 1484, and obtained for the town a charter of incorporation in 1457.
In 1847 Barkham Street, a 'London-style' terrace was commissioned by Bethlem Hospital and built to the design of Sydney Smirke
Sydney Smirke
Sydney Smirke, architect, was born in London, England, the younger brother of Sir Robert Smirke, also an architect. Their father, also Robert Smirke, had been a well-known 18th Century painter.Sydney Smirke's works include:...
and to similar specifications as other Bethlem terraces in Southwark
Southwark
Southwark is a district of south London, England, and the administrative headquarters of the London Borough of Southwark. Situated east of Charing Cross, it forms one of the oldest parts of London and fronts the River Thames to the north...
, London.
The Market Place has two Grade II listed structures: a clock tower erected in 1899, and a 15th century limestone Buttercross
Buttercross
A buttercross, also known as butter cross, is a type of market cross associated with English market towns and dating from medieval times. Its name originates from the fact that they were located at the market place, where people from neighbouring villages would gather to buy locally produced...
, set on three steps and topped with a 19th century finial and weathervane, from which John Wesley
John Wesley
John Wesley was a Church of England cleric and Christian theologian. Wesley is largely credited, along with his brother Charles Wesley, as founding the Methodist movement which began when he took to open-air preaching in a similar manner to George Whitefield...
preached.
The town is notable for Batemans Brewery
Batemans Brewery
Batemans Brewery is a British brewer of beer and ales based at Salem Bridge Brewery in Wainfleet, Lincolnshire. The company's full name is George Bateman and Son Ltd. Their slogan is "Good Honest Ales".-Early history:...
; the brewery building incorporates the Georgian
Georgian architecture
Georgian architecture is the name given in most English-speaking countries to the set of architectural styles current between 1720 and 1840. It is eponymous for the first four British monarchs of the House of Hanover—George I of Great Britain, George II of Great Britain, George III of the United...
Salem House and a previous corn mill: Salem Bridge Mill. Public houses in Wainfleet are the Woolpack Hotel, Royal Oak, and the Red Lion on High Street.
Skegness Grammar School
Skegness Grammar School
The Skegness Grammar School is a selective grammar school, a sixth form centre and a specialist school with two disciplines, firstly as a sport college and since 2006 also a mathematics and computing college, located in Skegness Lincolnshire for children aged between eleven and eighteen...
has a boarding house in the town on Low Road.
Wainfleet became a conservation area
Conservation area
A conservation areas is a tract of land that has been awarded protected status in order to ensure that natural features, cultural heritage or biota are safeguarded...
in 1972.
Transport
The town was at the end of the Great Northern RailwayGreat Northern Railway (Great Britain)
The Great Northern Railway was a British railway company established by the Great Northern Railway Act of 1846. On 1 January 1923 the company lost its identity as a constituent of the newly formed London and North Eastern Railway....
until the development of Skegness
Skegness
Skegness is a seaside town and civil parish in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. Located on the Lincolnshire coast of the North Sea, east of the city of Lincoln it has a total resident population of 18,910....
6–7 miles to the east. Wainfleet railway station
Wainfleet railway station
Wainfleet railway station serves the town of Wainfleet in Lincolnshire, England. The station is west of Skegness on the Skegness - Grantham - Nottingham Line.The station and all rail services that serve Wainfleet are operated by East Midlands Trains....
is on Station Road, and is on the Nottingham to Skegness Line
Grantham to Skegness Line
The Grantham to Skegness Line, promoted as the Poacher Line, runs for between Grantham and Skegness in Lincolnshire, England.The route was selected as one of the seven pilot schemes under the Department for Transport's Community Rail Development Strategy in 2005 and was formally designated as a...
.
Northolme
At the northern end of Wainfleet All Saints is the hamlet of Northolme, which is all that remains of the lost parish of Wainfleet St Thomas.No distinction was made between Wainfleet All Saints, Wainfleet St Mary, or Wainfleet St Thomas, until a deed from Peter De Beningword to Bardney Abbey
Bardney Abbey
Bardney Abbey in Lincolnshire, England, was a Benedictine monastery founded in 697 by King Æthelred of Mercia, who was to become the first abbot. The monastery is supposed to have been destroyed during a Danish raid in 869...
mentions North Wenfled. The original deed held in the British museum
British Museum
The British Museum is a museum of human history and culture in London. Its collections, which number more than seven million objects, are amongst the largest and most comprehensive in the world and originate from all continents, illustrating and documenting the story of human culture from its...
is undated, but is estimated to be from the 13th Century.
In 1316 Wainfleet St Thomas is mentioned as paying tax under Feudal Aid. At the time of the reformation
Reformation
- Movements :* Protestant Reformation, an attempt by Martin Luther to reform the Roman Catholic Church that resulted in a schism, and grew into a wider movement...
, the chapel belonged to Kyme Priory
Kyme Priory
Kyme Priory was a priory in South Kyme, Lincolnshire, England.The Augustinian Priory of Kyme was founded by Philip of Kyme, steward to Gilbert Earl of Lincoln, before 1169, in honour of the Blessed Mary, for about twelve Canons....
. There is no clear indication of when it was demolished, but it was still standing at the time of the Protectorate
Protectorate
In history, the term protectorate has two different meanings. In its earliest inception, which has been adopted by modern international law, it is an autonomous territory that is protected diplomatically or militarily against third parties by a stronger state or entity...
, when the general Baptists were granted its use. Nothing remains of the chapel today, although its site is used as an extension of the present cemetery.
In 1546 Thomas Lyttlebury Esq was heir to the manor of Northolme through his brother John. However it seems that the estate became the property of John's daughter, Alice, who married Thomas Upton. Thomas Upton's successors lived at Northolme Hall.
The first Northolme Hall was an Elizabethan moated manor house, reputedly built in 1549. The present Northolme Hall was built on the same site in 1866.
Population
| Population of Wainfleet All Saints Civil Parish Civil parish In England, a civil parish is a territorial designation and, where they are found, the lowest tier of local government below districts and counties... |
|||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | 1801 | 1811 | 1821 | 1831 | 1841 | 1851 | 1881 | 1891 | 1901 | 1911 | 1921 | 1931 | 1941 | 1961 | 2001 |
| Population | 506 | 690 | 878 | 1,135 | 1,386 | 1,365 | 1,349 | 1,446 | 1,233 | 1,258 | 1,375 | 1,324 | 1,356 | 1,184 | 1,964 |
Geography
External links
- Wainfleet All Saints Genuki; retrieved 28 April 2011
- Wainfleet Group of Parishes- Church of England
- Town web site
- Wainfleet & District Motorcycle Club
- Wainfleet: Bateman's Brewery to Barkham Street
- Wainfleet: B1195 to Bateman's Brewery