The Master Musicians of Joujouka
Encyclopedia
The Master Musicians of Joujouka are Berber Sufi trance
musicians most famous for their connections with the Beat Generation
and the Rolling Stones founder Brian Jones
. These musicians hail from the village of Jajouka
or Zahjouka near Ksar-el-Kebir
in the Ahl Srif mountain range of the southern Rif Mountains
in northern Morocco
.
Their first L.P. was produced by Arnold Stahl and released in the early 1960s. This double L.P. was released by the Musical Heritage Society. It listed the musicians as the "Mallimin Ahl Shrif" or Masters of the Ahl Srif. The name Master Musicians of Joujouka was first used by Brion Gysin and William S. Burroughs in the 1950s, Timothy Leary and Rosemary Woodruff Leary in the 1960s and 1970s and on the Brian Jones
L.P. released in 1971. A 1974 release utilised the title Master Musicians of Jajouka. In the 1980s the musicians were sometimes called by the names Master Musicians of Jahjouka, Master Musicians of Jajouka and Master Musicians of Joujouka in both articles and on official documents.
music of their patron saint passed down for 1200 years. Timothy Leary
having visited the village in September 1969 wrote an essay on his time with Mohamed Hamri
and the master musicians in his 1971 book Jail Notes called "The four thousand year old rock'n'roll band". Leary based his dating on Burroughs's belief that the ritual Boujeloud, performed in Joujouka, owes its origin to the Ancient Greek
deity
Pan
.
Before the Alaouite dynasty
, the masters used to play in medieval times for sultan
s in their courts, travelling with them and announcing their arrival to villages and cities.
. Painter/folklorist Mohamed Hamri, whose mother was an Attar from the village, led artist Brion Gysin to Joujouka to meet the group. Gysin became fascinated with the group's music and led William S. Burroughs to the village. Burroughs described it as the world's oldest music and was the first person to call the musicians a "4000-year-old rock and roll band". In Tangier
, Gysin and Hamri founded the 1001 Nights restaurant, in which the musicians played throughout the 1950s to a largely Western
audience in what was then an international zone
, the "Interzone
" of Burroughs' fiction.
, whose original release featured cover artwork by Hamri before a controversial 1990s redesign. Ornette Coleman
recorded with the musicians in January 1973, some results of which featured on his LP Dancing in Your Head
. A second LP, Master Musicians of Jajouka, was released in 1974.
, on Sub Rosa
in 1995. In 1996 Sufi: Moroccan Trance II was released, an album featuring the Sufi music of Joujouka's saint Sidi Ahmed Scheech and also Gnawa music
from Marrakesh. The same year 10%: file under Burroughs featured the Master Musicians in collaboration with Marianne Faithfull
on "My Only Friend," an homage to Brion Gysin, as well as a prayer giving blessings and a vocal track by the musicians. The same CD features artists such as Scanner
sampling the musicians to create homages to Gysin and Burroughs. Other artists on album include Bill Laswell
, Herbert Huncke
, Burroughs, Bomb the Bass
, Gysin, Chuck Prophet
, and Stanley Booth
.
Hamri continued to promote Joujouka music as President of their collectives organisation Association Srifiya Folkloric until his death in Joujouka in August 2000. Despite Hamri's death, the musicians continue to work in Joujouka and abroad. Those living in the village include Ahmed El Attar, Abdeslam Boukhzar, Mohamed El Attar, Abdeslam Errtoubi, Ahmed Bousini, Mustapha El Attar, Radi El Khalil, Abdullah Ziyat, and Mohamed Mokhchan, as well as other members of their Sufi community and their children.
The musicians travelled to perform at Casa Da Musica
, Porto
, Portugal in spring 2006. Their most recent CD Boujeloud
recorded over a four year period, documents the music of the Boujeloud or Pan ritual, was released in September 2006.
A DVD, Destroy all Rational Thought, featuring their 1992 performances at the Here To Go Show in Dublin, Ireland
was released in 2007. The documentary also feature the music of Laswell, Material
, and Shabba Ranks
. It also features Gysin and Burroughs, whose works were the focus of the show.
music that relies on drone
s, improvisation
, and complex rhythm
s, much of which is unique to Joujouka.
Their flute
is called the lira and is considered the oldest instrument in Joujouka. The double-reed instrument is called the rhaita
; it is similar to an oboe
, but possessing a louder sound and more penetrating tone. The drum
is called the tebel and is made of goat skin and played with two wooden sticks. There is also another goat-skin drum called the tarija which allows for more fast-paced virtuosity
.
The music itself is considered to be part of the Sufi
tradition of the Rif Mountains. Prior to the colonization of Morocco by France
and Spain
, master musicians of the village were said to be the royal musicians of the sultans. In past centuries master musicians of the Joujouka village traditionally were excused by the country's rulers from manual labor, goat-herding, and farming to concentrate on their music because the music's powerful trance
rhythms and droning woodwinds were traditionally considered to have the power to heal the sick.
The music of the region has a strong connection to Pan
. According to the tale, thousands of years ago a goat
-man called "Bou Jeloud" appeared to an Attar ancestor in a cave, and danced to his music. The musicians of the village re-enact this event annually.
, Joujouka Black Eyes
, and Sufi as well as other recordings.
Trance
Trance denotes a variety of processes, ecstasy, techniques, modalities and states of mind, awareness and consciousness. Trance states may occur involuntarily and unbidden.The term trance may be associated with meditation, magic, flow, and prayer...
musicians most famous for their connections with the Beat Generation
Beat generation
The Beat Generation refers to a group of American post-WWII writers who came to prominence in the 1950s, as well as the cultural phenomena that they both documented and inspired...
and the Rolling Stones founder Brian Jones
Brian Jones
Lewis Brian Hopkins Jones , known as Brian Jones, was an English musician and a founding member of the Rolling Stones....
. These musicians hail from the village of Jajouka
Jajouka
Jajouka, Joujouka or Zahjoukah is a village in the Ahl-Srif mountains in the southern Rif, Morocco. The mountains are named after the Ahl-Srif tribe who populate the region.-The musical heritage:...
or Zahjouka near Ksar-el-Kebir
Ksar-el-Kebir
Ksar el Kebir is a city in northwest of Morocco with 110,000 inhabitants, about 160 km from Rabat, 32 km from Larache and 110 km from Tangier....
in the Ahl Srif mountain range of the southern Rif Mountains
Rif
The Rif or Riff is a mainly mountainous region of northern Morocco, with some fertile plains, stretching from Cape Spartel and Tangier in the west to Ras Kebdana and the Melwiyya River in the east, and from the Mediterranean Sea in the north to the river of Wergha in the south.It is part of the...
in northern Morocco
Morocco
Morocco , officially the Kingdom of Morocco , is a country located in North Africa. It has a population of more than 32 million and an area of 710,850 km², and also primarily administers the disputed region of the Western Sahara...
.
Background
The Master Musicians of Joujouka have a long history being recorded by Western artists.Their first L.P. was produced by Arnold Stahl and released in the early 1960s. This double L.P. was released by the Musical Heritage Society. It listed the musicians as the "Mallimin Ahl Shrif" or Masters of the Ahl Srif. The name Master Musicians of Joujouka was first used by Brion Gysin and William S. Burroughs in the 1950s, Timothy Leary and Rosemary Woodruff Leary in the 1960s and 1970s and on the Brian Jones
Brian Jones
Lewis Brian Hopkins Jones , known as Brian Jones, was an English musician and a founding member of the Rolling Stones....
L.P. released in 1971. A 1974 release utilised the title Master Musicians of Jajouka. In the 1980s the musicians were sometimes called by the names Master Musicians of Jahjouka, Master Musicians of Jajouka and Master Musicians of Joujouka in both articles and on official documents.
Sufism and Pan
The Master Musicians of Joujouka adhere to the traditional Sufi tranceTrance
Trance denotes a variety of processes, ecstasy, techniques, modalities and states of mind, awareness and consciousness. Trance states may occur involuntarily and unbidden.The term trance may be associated with meditation, magic, flow, and prayer...
music of their patron saint passed down for 1200 years. Timothy Leary
Timothy Leary
Timothy Francis Leary was an American psychologist and writer, known for his advocacy of psychedelic drugs. During a time when drugs like LSD and psilocybin were legal, Leary conducted experiments at Harvard University under the Harvard Psilocybin Project, resulting in the Concord Prison...
having visited the village in September 1969 wrote an essay on his time with Mohamed Hamri
Mohamed Hamri
Mohamed Hamri , commonly known as Hamri, was a self-described Painter of Morocco. He was a Moroccan painter and author and one of the few Moroccans to participate in the Tangier Beat scene....
and the master musicians in his 1971 book Jail Notes called "The four thousand year old rock'n'roll band". Leary based his dating on Burroughs's belief that the ritual Boujeloud, performed in Joujouka, owes its origin to the Ancient Greek
Ancient Greece
Ancient Greece is a civilization belonging to a period of Greek history that lasted from the Archaic period of the 8th to 6th centuries BC to the end of antiquity. Immediately following this period was the beginning of the Early Middle Ages and the Byzantine era. Included in Ancient Greece is the...
deity
Deity
A deity is a recognized preternatural or supernatural immortal being, who may be thought of as holy, divine, or sacred, held in high regard, and respected by believers....
Pan
Pan (mythology)
Pan , in Greek religion and mythology, is the god of the wild, shepherds and flocks, nature, of mountain wilds, hunting and rustic music, as well as the companion of the nymphs. His name originates within the Greek language, from the word paein , meaning "to pasture." He has the hindquarters, legs,...
.
Before the Alaouite dynasty
Alaouite Dynasty
The Alaouite Dynasty is the name of the current Moroccan royal family. The name Alaouite comes from the ‘Alī of its founder Moulay Ali Cherif who became Prince of Tafilalt in 1631. His son Mulay r-Rshid was able to unite and pacify the country...
, the masters used to play in medieval times for sultan
Sultan
Sultan is a title with several historical meanings. Originally, it was an Arabic language abstract noun meaning "strength", "authority", "rulership", and "dictatorship", derived from the masdar سلطة , meaning "authority" or "power". Later, it came to be used as the title of certain rulers who...
s in their courts, travelling with them and announcing their arrival to villages and cities.
Beat Generation
Their first exposure to Western audiences came through their introduction to the BeatsBeat generation
The Beat Generation refers to a group of American post-WWII writers who came to prominence in the 1950s, as well as the cultural phenomena that they both documented and inspired...
. Painter/folklorist Mohamed Hamri, whose mother was an Attar from the village, led artist Brion Gysin to Joujouka to meet the group. Gysin became fascinated with the group's music and led William S. Burroughs to the village. Burroughs described it as the world's oldest music and was the first person to call the musicians a "4000-year-old rock and roll band". In Tangier
Tangier
Tangier, also Tangiers is a city in northern Morocco with a population of about 700,000 . It lies on the North African coast at the western entrance to the Strait of Gibraltar where the Mediterranean meets the Atlantic Ocean off Cape Spartel...
, Gysin and Hamri founded the 1001 Nights restaurant, in which the musicians played throughout the 1950s to a largely Western
Western world
The Western world, also known as the West and the Occident , is a term referring to the countries of Western Europe , the countries of the Americas, as well all countries of Northern and Central Europe, Australia and New Zealand...
audience in what was then an international zone
City-state
A city-state is an independent or autonomous entity whose territory consists of a city which is not administered as a part of another local government.-Historical city-states:...
, the "Interzone
Interzone (book)
Interzone is a collection of short stories and other early works by William S. Burroughs. The collection was first published by Viking Penguin in 1989, although several of the stories had already been printed elsewhere, including an earlier publication entitled Early Routines...
" of Burroughs' fiction.
Brian Jones and Ornette Coleman
When Rolling Stones lead guitarist Brian Jones visited Morocco in 1968, Gysin and Hamri took him to the village to record the Master Musicians of Joujouka in the ground-breaking release Brian Jones Presents the Pipes of Pan at JoujoukaBrian Jones Presents the Pipes of Pan at Joujouka
Brian Jones Presents the Pipes of Pan at Joujouka was an album produced by Brian Jones of the Rolling Stones. The album was a recording of the Moroccan group the Master Musicians of Joujouka, in performance on 29 July 1968 in the village of Jajouka in Morocco and released on Rolling Stones Records,...
, whose original release featured cover artwork by Hamri before a controversial 1990s redesign. Ornette Coleman
Ornette Coleman
Ornette Coleman is an American saxophonist, violinist, trumpeter and composer. He was one of the major innovators of the free jazz movement of the 1960s....
recorded with the musicians in January 1973, some results of which featured on his LP Dancing in Your Head
Dancing in Your Head
Dancing in Your Head is a 1975 release by jazz artist Ornette Coleman. It was the first to feature his electric band, which later became known as Prime Time. It was released originally on A&M Records, but it was re-mastered and re-released in 2000 on A&M/Verve/Universal Records...
. A second LP, Master Musicians of Jajouka, was released in 1974.
1990s to present CD and DVD releases
The Master Musicians of Joujouka, now led by Ahmed Attar, released their third album Joujouka Black EyesJoujouka Black Eyes
Joujouka Black Eyes is a CD by Moroccan Sufi trance musicians Master Musicians of Joujouka. It was released in May 1995 on Sub Rosa Records. It was produced by Frank Rynne and includes the song "Brian Jones Joujouka very Stoned" written by Joujouka born painter Mohamed Hamri. This song commemorates...
, on Sub Rosa
Sub Rosa (label)
Sub Rosa is a record label based in Brussels. The label was established at the end of the ‘80s, and expanded its catalogue in the mid-‘90s through the release of electronic music. Directed by Guy Marc Hinant and Frédéric Walheer, the label has released over 250 titles...
in 1995. In 1996 Sufi: Moroccan Trance II was released, an album featuring the Sufi music of Joujouka's saint Sidi Ahmed Scheech and also Gnawa music
Gnawa music
Gnawa music is a mixture of sub-Saharan African, Berber, and Sufi religious songs and rhythms. It combines music and acrobatic dancing. The music is both a prayer and a celebration of life...
from Marrakesh. The same year 10%: file under Burroughs featured the Master Musicians in collaboration with Marianne Faithfull
Marianne Faithfull
Marianne Evelyn Faithfull is an award-winning English singer, songwriter and actress whose career has spanned five decades....
on "My Only Friend," an homage to Brion Gysin, as well as a prayer giving blessings and a vocal track by the musicians. The same CD features artists such as Scanner
Robin Rimbaud
Robin Rimbaud is an electronic musician who works under the name Scanner due to his use of cell phone and police scanners in live performance...
sampling the musicians to create homages to Gysin and Burroughs. Other artists on album include Bill Laswell
Bill Laswell
Bill Laswell is an American bassist, producer and record label owner....
, Herbert Huncke
Herbert Huncke
Herbert Edwin Huncke was a writer and poet, and active participant in a number of emerging cultural, social and aesthetic movements of the 20th century in America...
, Burroughs, Bomb the Bass
Bomb the Bass
Bomb the Bass is the umbrella title for the output of British musician and producer, Tim Simenon. The band, which has evolved its style over the years, has been classed as electronic or dance....
, Gysin, Chuck Prophet
Chuck Prophet
Chuck Prophet is an American singer-songwriter, guitarist and producer. A Californian, Prophet first achieved notice in the American psychedelic/desert rock group Green on Red, with whom he toured and recorded in the 1980s...
, and Stanley Booth
Stanley Booth
Stanley Booth is an American music journalist. Booth has written extensively about important music figures, including Keith Richards, Otis Redding, Janis Joplin, James Brown, Elvis Presley, Gram Parsons, B.B. King, and Al Green...
.
Hamri continued to promote Joujouka music as President of their collectives organisation Association Srifiya Folkloric until his death in Joujouka in August 2000. Despite Hamri's death, the musicians continue to work in Joujouka and abroad. Those living in the village include Ahmed El Attar, Abdeslam Boukhzar, Mohamed El Attar, Abdeslam Errtoubi, Ahmed Bousini, Mustapha El Attar, Radi El Khalil, Abdullah Ziyat, and Mohamed Mokhchan, as well as other members of their Sufi community and their children.
The musicians travelled to perform at Casa Da Musica
Casa da Música
Casa da Música is a major concert hall space in Porto, Portugal which houses the cultural institution of the same name with its three orchestras Orquestra Nacional do Porto, Orquestra Barroca and Remix Ensemble...
, Porto
Porto
Porto , also known as Oporto in English, is the second largest city in Portugal and one of the major urban areas in the Iberian Peninsula. Its administrative limits include a population of 237,559 inhabitants distributed within 15 civil parishes...
, Portugal in spring 2006. Their most recent CD Boujeloud
Boujeloud (album)
Boujeloud is a CD by the Moroccan Sufi trance musicians Master Musicians of Joujouka.-Album details:It was released in September 2006 on Sub Rosa Records. It was produced by Frank Rynne under the direction of Mohamed Hamri. The group on this CD includes veteran Joujouka musician Mujehid Mujdoubi...
recorded over a four year period, documents the music of the Boujeloud or Pan ritual, was released in September 2006.
A DVD, Destroy all Rational Thought, featuring their 1992 performances at the Here To Go Show in Dublin, Ireland
Ireland
Ireland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth...
was released in 2007. The documentary also feature the music of Laswell, Material
Material
Material is anything made of matter, constituted of one or more substances. Wood, cement, hydrogen, air and water are all examples of materials. Sometimes the term "material" is used more narrowly to refer to substances or components with certain physical properties that are used as inputs to...
, and Shabba Ranks
Shabba Ranks
Shabba Ranks is a Jamaican dancehall musician.He was one of the most popular dancehall artists of his generation. He was also one of the first Jamaican deejays to gain worldwide acceptance, and recognition for his 'slack' lyrical expressions and content, when "ridin' di riddim"...
. It also features Gysin and Burroughs, whose works were the focus of the show.
Music and instruments
The Joujouka brotherhood play a form of reed, pipe, and percussionPercussion instrument
A percussion instrument is any object which produces a sound when hit with an implement or when it is shaken, rubbed, scraped, or otherwise acted upon in a way that sets the object into vibration...
music that relies on drone
Drone (music)
In music, a drone is a harmonic or monophonic effect or accompaniment where a note or chord is continuously sounded throughout most or all of a piece. The word drone is also used to refer to any part of a musical instrument that is just used to produce such an effect.-A musical effect:A drone...
s, improvisation
Improvisation
Improvisation is the practice of acting, singing, talking and reacting, of making and creating, in the moment and in response to the stimulus of one's immediate environment and inner feelings. This can result in the invention of new thought patterns, new practices, new structures or symbols, and/or...
, and complex rhythm
Rhythm
Rhythm may be generally defined as a "movement marked by the regulated succession of strong and weak elements, or of opposite or different conditions." This general meaning of regular recurrence or pattern in time may be applied to a wide variety of cyclical natural phenomena having a periodicity or...
s, much of which is unique to Joujouka.
Their flute
Flute
The flute is a musical instrument of the woodwind family. Unlike woodwind instruments with reeds, a flute is an aerophone or reedless wind instrument that produces its sound from the flow of air across an opening...
is called the lira and is considered the oldest instrument in Joujouka. The double-reed instrument is called the rhaita
Rhaita
The rhaita or ghaita is a double reed instrument from Northern Africa. It is nearly identical in construction to the Arabic mizmar and the Turkish zurna....
; it is similar to an oboe
Oboe
The oboe is a double reed musical instrument of the woodwind family. In English, prior to 1770, the instrument was called "hautbois" , "hoboy", or "French hoboy". The spelling "oboe" was adopted into English ca...
, but possessing a louder sound and more penetrating tone. The drum
Drum
The drum is a member of the percussion group of musical instruments, which is technically classified as the membranophones. Drums consist of at least one membrane, called a drumhead or drum skin, that is stretched over a shell and struck, either directly with the player's hands, or with a...
is called the tebel and is made of goat skin and played with two wooden sticks. There is also another goat-skin drum called the tarija which allows for more fast-paced virtuosity
Virtuoso
A virtuoso is an individual who possesses outstanding technical ability in the fine arts, at singing or playing a musical instrument. The plural form is either virtuosi or the Anglicisation, virtuosos, and the feminine form sometimes used is virtuosa...
.
The music itself is considered to be part of the Sufi
Sufism
Sufism or ' is defined by its adherents as the inner, mystical dimension of Islam. A practitioner of this tradition is generally known as a '...
tradition of the Rif Mountains. Prior to the colonization of Morocco by France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
and Spain
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
, master musicians of the village were said to be the royal musicians of the sultans. In past centuries master musicians of the Joujouka village traditionally were excused by the country's rulers from manual labor, goat-herding, and farming to concentrate on their music because the music's powerful trance
Altered state of consciousness
An altered state of consciousness , also named altered state of mind, is any condition which is significantly different from a normal waking beta wave state. The expression was used as early as 1966 by Arnold M. Ludwig and brought into common usage from 1969 by Charles Tart: it describes induced...
rhythms and droning woodwinds were traditionally considered to have the power to heal the sick.
The music of the region has a strong connection to Pan
Pan (mythology)
Pan , in Greek religion and mythology, is the god of the wild, shepherds and flocks, nature, of mountain wilds, hunting and rustic music, as well as the companion of the nymphs. His name originates within the Greek language, from the word paein , meaning "to pasture." He has the hindquarters, legs,...
. According to the tale, thousands of years ago a goat
Goat
The domestic goat is a subspecies of goat domesticated from the wild goat of southwest Asia and Eastern Europe. The goat is a member of the Bovidae family and is closely related to the sheep as both are in the goat-antelope subfamily Caprinae. There are over three hundred distinct breeds of...
-man called "Bou Jeloud" appeared to an Attar ancestor in a cave, and danced to his music. The musicians of the village re-enact this event annually.
Brian Jones 40th Anniversary Festival
The Master Musicians of Joujouka host a festival, on 29 July 2008, to celebrate the 40th anniversary of Brian Jones recording, on 29 July 1968, their most famous L.P. Brian Jones presents the Pipes of Pan at Joujouka.Discography
- Brian Jones Presents the Pipes of Pan at JoujoukaBrian Jones Presents the Pipes of Pan at JoujoukaBrian Jones Presents the Pipes of Pan at Joujouka was an album produced by Brian Jones of the Rolling Stones. The album was a recording of the Moroccan group the Master Musicians of Joujouka, in performance on 29 July 1968 in the village of Jajouka in Morocco and released on Rolling Stones Records,...
(1971) - "Master Musicians of Jajouka" (1974)
- Joujouka Black EyesJoujouka Black EyesJoujouka Black Eyes is a CD by Moroccan Sufi trance musicians Master Musicians of Joujouka. It was released in May 1995 on Sub Rosa Records. It was produced by Frank Rynne and includes the song "Brian Jones Joujouka very Stoned" written by Joujouka born painter Mohamed Hamri. This song commemorates...
(1995) - Moroccan Trance Music: Vol. 2: Sufi (featuring Gnoua Brotherhood of Marrakesh and The Master Musicians of Joujouka, 1996)
- 1O%: file under Burroughs own track plus separate collaborations with Marianne FaithfullMarianne FaithfullMarianne Evelyn Faithfull is an award-winning English singer, songwriter and actress whose career has spanned five decades....
, William Burroughs and ScannerRobin RimbaudRobin Rimbaud is an electronic musician who works under the name Scanner due to his use of cell phone and police scanners in live performance...
. - BoujeloudBoujeloud (album)Boujeloud is a CD by the Moroccan Sufi trance musicians Master Musicians of Joujouka.-Album details:It was released in September 2006 on Sub Rosa Records. It was produced by Frank Rynne under the direction of Mohamed Hamri. The group on this CD includes veteran Joujouka musician Mujehid Mujdoubi...
(2006)
Personnel
The following musicians performed on BoujeloudBoujeloud (album)
Boujeloud is a CD by the Moroccan Sufi trance musicians Master Musicians of Joujouka.-Album details:It was released in September 2006 on Sub Rosa Records. It was produced by Frank Rynne under the direction of Mohamed Hamri. The group on this CD includes veteran Joujouka musician Mujehid Mujdoubi...
, Joujouka Black Eyes
Joujouka Black Eyes
Joujouka Black Eyes is a CD by Moroccan Sufi trance musicians Master Musicians of Joujouka. It was released in May 1995 on Sub Rosa Records. It was produced by Frank Rynne and includes the song "Brian Jones Joujouka very Stoned" written by Joujouka born painter Mohamed Hamri. This song commemorates...
, and Sufi as well as other recordings.
- Ahmed El Attar – drum and vocal; appears on Brian Jones Presents The Pipes Of Pan At JoujoukaBrian Jones Presents the Pipes of Pan at JoujoukaBrian Jones Presents the Pipes of Pan at Joujouka was an album produced by Brian Jones of the Rolling Stones. The album was a recording of the Moroccan group the Master Musicians of Joujouka, in performance on 29 July 1968 in the village of Jajouka in Morocco and released on Rolling Stones Records,...
(1971), Master Musicians of Jajouka (1974), and BoujeloudBoujeloud (album)Boujeloud is a CD by the Moroccan Sufi trance musicians Master Musicians of Joujouka.-Album details:It was released in September 2006 on Sub Rosa Records. It was produced by Frank Rynne under the direction of Mohamed Hamri. The group on this CD includes veteran Joujouka musician Mujehid Mujdoubi... - Mohamed El Attar – lira, rhiata and vocals
- Mustapha El Attar – drum
- Ahmed Bouhsini – rhiata, lira; appears on Brian Jones Presents The Pipes Of Pan At Joujouka, Master Musicians of Jajouka
- Abdelslam Boukhzar – drum, vocal; appears on Brian Jones Presents The Pipes Of Pan At Joujouka, Master Musicians of Jajouka , Steel WheelsSteel WheelsSteel Wheels is the 19th British and 21st American studio album by The Rolling Stones and was released in 1989. Heralded as a major comeback upon its release, the project is notable for the patching up of Mick Jagger and Keith Richards' relationship, a reversion to a more classic style of music and...
by The Rolling StonesThe Rolling StonesThe Rolling Stones are an English rock band, formed in London in April 1962 by Brian Jones , Ian Stewart , Mick Jagger , and Keith Richards . Bassist Bill Wyman and drummer Charlie Watts completed the early line-up...
, and Apocalypse across the Sky - Abdelslam Errtoubi – rhiata, lira; appears on Brian Jones Presents The Pipes Of Pan At Joujouka, Master Musicians of Jajouka
- Mujehid Mujdoubi – lira; appears on Brian Jones Presents The Pipes Of Pan At Joujouka, Master Musicians of Jajouka
- Muinier Mujdoubi – drum
- Muckthar Jagdhal – drum, vocal; appears on Brian Jones Presents The Pipes Of Pan At Joujouka, Apocalypse across the Sky
- Mohamed Mokhchan – rhiata, lira; appears on Brian Jones Presents The Pipes Of Pan At Joujouka, Master Musicians of Jajouka
- Abdelslam Dahnoun – drum, rhiata, lira; appears on Brian Jones Presents The Pipes Of Pan At Joujouka
- Abdellah Ziyat – rhiata, lira, vocal
- El Hadj – clapping, vocal; appears on Brian Jones Presents The Pipes Of Pan At Joujouka, Master Musicians of Jajouka
- Si Ahmed – violinViolinThe violin is a string instrument, usually with four strings tuned in perfect fifths. It is the smallest, highest-pitched member of the violin family of string instruments, which includes the viola and cello....
Further reading
- Hamri, Mohamed (1975), Tales of JoujoukaTales of JoujoukaTales of Joujouka is a book by the Moroccan painter Mohamed Hamri containing eight stories featuring the legends, folkore and Sufi origins myths and rituals of the Master Musicians of Joujouka...
. Capra Press. - Gysin , Brion, The Process.
- Schuyler, Philip (2000) "Joujouka/Jajouka/Zahjoukah -- Moroccan Music and Euro-American Imagination", in Armbrust, Walter, editor. "Mass Mediations: New Approaches to Popular Culture in the Middle East and Beyond". Berkeley: University of California Press, 2000.
- Strauss, Neil (12 October 1995). "The Pop Life: To Save Jajouka, How About a Mercedes in the Village?". The New York Times.
External links
- Master Musicians of Joujouka. Official site of the Sufi Brotherhood living in Joujouka
- Master Musicians of Joujouka official myspace page
- Feature article "A Rolling Stone's Moroccan Odyssey" Frank Rynne writes on The Master Musicians of Joujouka, Brian Jones,Hamri and Brion Gysin and , Irish Times, 22 July 2008
- Link to Interview with Frank Rynne on KBoo FM Portland, Oregon, 5 July 2008 on Joujouka music and history, Sufism, William Burroughs Brion Gysin and Brian Jones
- Review of latest CD "Boujeloud" on Dusted.com
- http://joujouka.net/5Gallery/Photos of the Master Musicians of Joujouka live at Casa da MúsicaCasa da MúsicaCasa da Música is a major concert hall space in Porto, Portugal which houses the cultural institution of the same name with its three orchestras Orquestra Nacional do Porto, Orquestra Barroca and Remix Ensemble...
, Porto, 1/4/2006] - Campion, Chris (August 1995). "Night Spirit Masters", "The Wire". Click link for article pdf
- Links to Frank Rynne interviewed about Brian Jones and Joujouka
- Obituary of Hamri from The Independent (London, 19 Oct 2000) pdf download of original article at bottom of text. Retrieved 06/08/2007
- "The Master Musicians of Joujouka: The Faded Myth of the Goat-God". Qantara.de. Fariborz, Arian (2005). Retrieved Jan. 14, 2007.
- "Master Musicians of Joujouka Cavort With Corgan" Report and photo of Billy Corgan of Smashing Pumpkins and Master Musicians of Joujouka. Pitchfork (29 August 2006). Retrieved Jan. 14, 2007.
- "Into The Mystic". The Wire. Retrieved Jan. 14, 2007 Ranaldo, Lee (August 1996). .
- "Souvenirs. Sur les traces des Rolling Stones". Telquel Online. Retrieved Jan. 14, 2007. Alaoui, Mehdi Sekkouri (22 September 2006).
- "Joujouka Comes Into the 21st Century". The Handstand. Rynne, Frank (January 2006). Retrieved Jan. 16, 2007.
- "The Master Musicians of Joujouka: Boujeloud". Pop Matters. Sole, Deanne (19 November 2006). Retrieved Jan. 16, 2007