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Materials are substances or components with certain physical properties which are used as inputs to production
Production, costs, and pricing

In microeconomics, industrial organization is the field which describes the behavior of firms in the marketplace with regard to production, pricing, employment and other decisions....
 or manufacturing
Manufacturing

Manufacturing is the use of machine, tool and labor to make things for use or sale. The term may refer to a range of human activity, from handicraft to high tech, but is most commonly applied to Industry production, in which raw material are transformed into finished good on a large scale....
. Basically materials are the pieces required to make something else. From buildings and art to stars
Star formation

Star formation is the process by which dense parts of molecular clouds collapse into a ball of Plasma to form a star. As a branch of astronomy star formation includes the study of the interstellar medium and giant molecular clouds as precursors to the star formation process and the study of young stellar objects and planet formation as its i...
 and computers.

A material can be anything: a finished product in its own right or an unprocessed raw material
Raw material

A raw material is something that is acted upon or used by or by human labour or industry, for use as a building material to create some product or structure....
. Raw materials are first extracted or harvested from the earth and divided into a form that can be easily transported and stored, then processed to produce semi-finished materials.






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Materials are substances or components with certain physical properties which are used as inputs to production
Production, costs, and pricing

In microeconomics, industrial organization is the field which describes the behavior of firms in the marketplace with regard to production, pricing, employment and other decisions....
 or manufacturing
Manufacturing

Manufacturing is the use of machine, tool and labor to make things for use or sale. The term may refer to a range of human activity, from handicraft to high tech, but is most commonly applied to Industry production, in which raw material are transformed into finished good on a large scale....
. Basically materials are the pieces required to make something else. From buildings and art to stars
Star formation

Star formation is the process by which dense parts of molecular clouds collapse into a ball of Plasma to form a star. As a branch of astronomy star formation includes the study of the interstellar medium and giant molecular clouds as precursors to the star formation process and the study of young stellar objects and planet formation as its i...
 and computers.

A material can be anything: a finished product in its own right or an unprocessed raw material
Raw material

A raw material is something that is acted upon or used by or by human labour or industry, for use as a building material to create some product or structure....
. Raw materials are first extracted or harvested from the earth and divided into a form that can be easily transported and stored, then processed to produce semi-finished materials. These can be input into a new cycle of production and finishing
Finishing

Finishing is the procedure that some single malt Scotch undergoes whereby the spirit is matured in a cask of a particular origin and then spends time in a cask of different origin....
 processes to create finished materials, ready for distribution
Distribution (business)

Distribution is one of the four elements of marketing mix. An organization or set of organizations involved in the process of making a product or service available for use or consumption by a consumer or business user....
, construction
Construction

In the fields of architecture and civil engineering, construction is a process that consists of the building or assembling of infrastructure. Far from being a single activity, large scale construction is a feat of multitasking....
, and consumption
Consumption (economics)

Consumption is a common concept in economics, and gives rise to derived concepts such as consumer debt. Generally consumption is defined by opposition to Production theory basics....
.

An example of a raw material is cotton
Cotton

Cotton is a soft, staple fiber that grows in a form known as a boll around the seeds of the cotton plant a shrub native to tropical and subtropical regions around the world, including the Americas, India and Africa....
, which is harvested from plants, and can then be processed into thread (also considered a raw material), which can then be woven into cloth, a semi-finished material. Cutting and sewing the fabric turns it into a garment, which is a finished material. Steelmaking
Steelmaking

Steelmaking is the second step in producing steel from iron ore. In this stage, impurities such as sulfur, phosphorus, and excess carbon are removed from the Pig iron, and alloying elements such as manganese, nickel, chromium and vanadium are added to produce the exact steel required....
 is another example—raw materials in the form of ore
Ore

An ore is a type of Rock that contains minerals such as gemstones and metals that can be extracted through mining and refined for use. Samples of ore in the form of exceptionally beautiful crystals, exotic layering visible when sectioned or polished or metallic presentations such as large nuggets or crystalline formations of metals suc...
 are mined, refined and processed into steel
Steel

Steel is an alloy consisting mostly of iron, with a carbon content between 0.2% and 2.14% by weight , depending on grade. Carbon is the most cost-effective alloying material for iron, but various other alloying elements are used such as manganese, chromium, vanadium, and tungsten....
, a semi-finished material. Steel is then used as an input in many other industries to make finished products.

See also

  • Biomaterial
    Biomaterial

    The development of biomaterials is not a new area of science, having existed for around half a century. The study of biomaterials is called biomaterial science....
  • Commodity
    Commodity

    A commodity is anything for which there is demand, but which is supplied without qualitative product differentiation across a market. It is a product that is the same no matter who produces it, such as petroleum, notebook paper, or milk....
  • List of building materials
    List of building materials

    Building materials used in the construction industry to create :Category:Buildings and structures.These categories of materials and products are used by :Category:American architects and construction project managers to specify the materials and methods used for :Category:Building projects....
  • Materials science
    Materials science

    Materials science or materials engineering is an interdisciplinary field involving the properties of matter and its applications to various areas of science and engineering....
  • Medium
    Medium

    Medium may refer to:...
  • Raw Material
    Raw material

    A raw material is something that is acted upon or used by or by human labour or industry, for use as a building material to create some product or structure....
  • Zwick Roell Group
    Zwick Roell Group

    Background Information The Zwick Roell Group is the world market leader in static testing machines and systems for Materials_testing . They manufacture products which are used to evaluate the mechanical and Physical_properties and performance of Materials and Components , and have a rapidly growing business in the dynamic test seg...
     - Mechanical Testing of Materials