Stewart County, Georgia
Encyclopedia
Stewart County is a county located in the U.S. state
of Georgia
. It was created on December 23, 1830. The 2010 Census reflected a population of 6,058. The 2009 Census Estimate shows a population of 4,558. The county seat
is Lumpkin
.
for thousands of years in the Pre-Columbian
period. Roods Landing Site
on the Chattahoochee River
is a significant archaeological site located south of Omaha
. Listed on the National Register of Historic Places
, it includes major earthwork
mounds built about 1100-1350 CE
by peoples of the sophisticated Mississippian culture
.
The first Europeans to encounter the Native Americans were Spanish
explorers
in the mid-16th century. At that time the historical Creek tribe inhabited the area, and they maintained their territory until after European-American settlers arrived in increasing number in the early decades of the 19th century. The ensuing conflicts ultimately resulted in the Creek people's being driven out of the region. In the 1830s under Indian Removal
, the federal government forced most Creek to relocate west of the Mississippi River
to Indian Territory
in present-day Oklahoma
.
Under the European Americans, Stewart County was created by an act of the Georgia General Assembly
on December 23, 1830, from land that had been part of Randolph County
, Georgia
. The County is named for Daniel Stewart, a Revolutionary War veteran, fighter against American Indians
, and the great-grandfather of U.S. president Theodore Roosevelt
.
Settlers developed the area as large cotton
plantations
, part of the "Black Belt
" of Georgia and the Deep South
. Before the American Civil War
, planters depended on enslaved labor of thousands of African Americans to cultivate and process the cotton for market. They were transported in the slave trade
from Africa
and the Upper South. In 1850, the county reached its peak in wealth as one of the largest cotton producers in the state. It had the tenth largest population of any county, with 16,027 people, of whom 7,373 were enslaved.
By 1860, the population had declined to 13,422. Kinchafoonee (later Webster County
) and Quitman County
counties had been created from Stewart County territory in 1853 and 1858, respectively. There were 5,534 slaves in the redefined Stewart County.
After the war and emancipation
, cotton continued as a major commodity crop. Many freedmen became sharecroppers and tenant farmers in the area, which was agricultural for decades, but in decline. Stewart County lost its premier position when it was bypassed by developing railroads, which went north and south. It did not have railroad access until 1885.
Inappropriate farming practices and over-cultivation of cotton from before the Civil War led to extensive land erosion
by the early 20th century, with accompanying population losses. Up to the mid century, many blacks left the area in two waves of the Great Migration
, seeking jobs and better lives in northern and midwestern iindustrial
cities. Farmers shifted to cultivating peanuts
and later pine trees to reclaim and restore the land. Population losses continued throughout the 20th century, as the forest and lumber industry did not require as many laborers.
In 1965, some of the towns in the county began to redevelop historic properties to attract tourists and expand the economy. Lumpkin, Omaha
and Louvale all had relatively intact historic properties and commercial districts. Green Grove is an historic African-American community established after the Civil War. Stewart was the first rural county in the state to use historic preservation
and Main Street redevelopment to support heritage tourism
.
of 2000, there were 5,252 people, 2,007 households, and 1,348 families residing in the county. The population density
was 11 people per square mile (4/km²). There were 2,354 housing units at an average density of 5 per square mile (2/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 61.54% Black
or African American
, 37.11% White
, 0.25% Native American
, 0.17% Asian
, 0.11% from other races
, and 0.82% from two or more races. 1.50% of the population were Hispanic
or Latino
of any race.
There were 2,007 households, out of which 27.70% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.50% were married couples
living together, 23.10% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.80% were non-families. 29.50% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 3.07.
In the county, the population was spread out with 24.90% under the age of 18, 8.00% from 18 to 24, 25.30% from 25 to 44, 23.30% from 45 to 64, and 18.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.50 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.40 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $24,789, and the median income for a family was $29,611. Males had a median income of $27,568 versus $19,035 for females. The per capita income
for the county was $16,071. About 17.20% of families and 22.20% of the population were below the poverty line, including 30.40% of those under age 18 and 21.90% of those age 65 or over.
and Providence Canyon State Park
are located in Stewart County.
About 800 acres (3.2 km²) of the Eufaula National Wildlife Refuge
are located along the Chattahoochee River
's eastern shores in Stewart County. In addition, the Hannahatchee Wildlife Management Area is a 5600 acres (22.7 km²) hunting preserve.
U.S. state
A U.S. state is any one of the 50 federated states of the United States of America that share sovereignty with the federal government. Because of this shared sovereignty, an American is a citizen both of the federal entity and of his or her state of domicile. Four states use the official title of...
of Georgia
Georgia (U.S. state)
Georgia is a state located in the southeastern United States. It was established in 1732, the last of the original Thirteen Colonies. The state is named after King George II of Great Britain. Georgia was the fourth state to ratify the United States Constitution, on January 2, 1788...
. It was created on December 23, 1830. The 2010 Census reflected a population of 6,058. The 2009 Census Estimate shows a population of 4,558. The county seat
County seat
A county seat is an administrative center, or seat of government, for a county or civil parish. The term is primarily used in the United States....
is Lumpkin
Lumpkin, Georgia
Lumpkin is a city in, and the county seat of, Stewart County, Georgia, United States. The population was 1,369 at the 2000 census.-History:This area of Georgia was inhabited by indigenous Native Americans for thousands of years before European contact...
.
History
The area was inhabited by Native AmericansIndigenous peoples of the Americas
The indigenous peoples of the Americas are the pre-Columbian inhabitants of North and South America, their descendants and other ethnic groups who are identified with those peoples. Indigenous peoples are known in Canada as Aboriginal peoples, and in the United States as Native Americans...
for thousands of years in the Pre-Columbian
Pre-Columbian
The pre-Columbian era incorporates all period subdivisions in the history and prehistory of the Americas before the appearance of significant European influences on the American continents, spanning the time of the original settlement in the Upper Paleolithic period to European colonization during...
period. Roods Landing Site
Roods Landing Site
The Roods Landing Site or Roods Creek Mounds are located south of Omaha, Stewart County, Georgia, United States.It is a Middle Woodland / Mississippian period Pre-Columbian complex of earthen mounds at the juncture of Roods Creek and the Chattahoochee River. It was a political and ceremonial center...
on the Chattahoochee River
Chattahoochee River
The Chattahoochee River flows through or along the borders of the U.S. states of Georgia, Alabama, and Florida. It is a tributary of the Apalachicola River, a relatively short river formed by the confluence of the Chattahoochee and Flint Rivers and emptying into Apalachicola Bay in the Gulf of...
is a significant archaeological site located south of Omaha
Omaha, Georgia
Omaha is an unincorporated community in Stewart County, Georgia, United States.-Geography:Omaha is located in the northwest corner of Stewart County near the juncture of the Chattahoochee River and Hannahatchee Creek....
. Listed on the National Register of Historic Places
National Register of Historic Places
The National Register of Historic Places is the United States government's official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects deemed worthy of preservation...
, it includes major earthwork
Earthworks (archaeology)
In archaeology, earthwork is a general term to describe artificial changes in land level. Earthworks are often known colloquially as 'lumps and bumps'. Earthworks can themselves be archaeological features or they can show features beneath the surface...
mounds built about 1100-1350 CE
Common Era
Common Era ,abbreviated as CE, is an alternative designation for the calendar era originally introduced by Dionysius Exiguus in the 6th century, traditionally identified with Anno Domini .Dates before the year 1 CE are indicated by the usage of BCE, short for Before the Common Era Common Era...
by peoples of the sophisticated Mississippian culture
Mississippian culture
The Mississippian culture was a mound-building Native American culture that flourished in what is now the Midwestern, Eastern, and Southeastern United States from approximately 800 CE to 1500 CE, varying regionally....
.
The first Europeans to encounter the Native Americans were Spanish
Spanish people
The Spanish are citizens of the Kingdom of Spain. Within Spain, there are also a number of vigorous nationalisms and regionalisms, reflecting the country's complex history....
explorers
Exploration
Exploration is the act of searching or traveling around a terrain for the purpose of discovery of resources or information. Exploration occurs in all non-sessile animal species, including humans...
in the mid-16th century. At that time the historical Creek tribe inhabited the area, and they maintained their territory until after European-American settlers arrived in increasing number in the early decades of the 19th century. The ensuing conflicts ultimately resulted in the Creek people's being driven out of the region. In the 1830s under Indian Removal
Indian Removal
Indian removal was a nineteenth century policy of the government of the United States to relocate Native American tribes living east of the Mississippi River to lands west of the river...
, the federal government forced most Creek to relocate west of the Mississippi River
Mississippi River
The Mississippi River is the largest river system in North America. Flowing entirely in the United States, this river rises in western Minnesota and meanders slowly southwards for to the Mississippi River Delta at the Gulf of Mexico. With its many tributaries, the Mississippi's watershed drains...
to Indian Territory
Indian Territory
The Indian Territory, also known as the Indian Territories and the Indian Country, was land set aside within the United States for the settlement of American Indians...
in present-day Oklahoma
Oklahoma
Oklahoma is a state located in the South Central region of the United States of America. With an estimated 3,751,351 residents as of the 2010 census and a land area of 68,667 square miles , Oklahoma is the 28th most populous and 20th-largest state...
.
Under the European Americans, Stewart County was created by an act of the Georgia General Assembly
Georgia General Assembly
The Georgia General Assembly is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Georgia. It is bicameral, being composed of the Georgia House of Representatives and the Georgia Senate....
on December 23, 1830, from land that had been part of Randolph County
Randolph County, Georgia
Randolph County is a county located in the US state of Georgia. As of 2000, the population is 7,791. The 2007 Census Estimate showed a population of 7,294. The county seat is Cuthbert.-History:Randolph County is named after Virginian John Randolph....
, Georgia
Georgia (U.S. state)
Georgia is a state located in the southeastern United States. It was established in 1732, the last of the original Thirteen Colonies. The state is named after King George II of Great Britain. Georgia was the fourth state to ratify the United States Constitution, on January 2, 1788...
. The County is named for Daniel Stewart, a Revolutionary War veteran, fighter against American Indians
Indigenous peoples of the Americas
The indigenous peoples of the Americas are the pre-Columbian inhabitants of North and South America, their descendants and other ethnic groups who are identified with those peoples. Indigenous peoples are known in Canada as Aboriginal peoples, and in the United States as Native Americans...
, and the great-grandfather of U.S. president Theodore Roosevelt
Theodore Roosevelt
Theodore "Teddy" Roosevelt was the 26th President of the United States . He is noted for his exuberant personality, range of interests and achievements, and his leadership of the Progressive Movement, as well as his "cowboy" persona and robust masculinity...
.
Settlers developed the area as large cotton
Cotton
Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective capsule, around the seeds of cotton plants of the genus Gossypium. The fiber is almost pure cellulose. The botanical purpose of cotton fiber is to aid in seed dispersal....
plantations
Plantations in the American South
Plantations were an important aspect of the history of the American South, particularly the antebellum .-Planter :The owner of a plantation was called a planter...
, part of the "Black Belt
Black Belt (U.S. region)
The Black Belt is a region of the Southern United States. Although the term originally described the prairies and dark soil of central Alabama and northeast Mississippi, it has long been used to describe a broad agricultural region in the American South characterized by a history of plantation...
" of Georgia and the Deep South
Deep South
The Deep South is a descriptive category of the cultural and geographic subregions in the American South. Historically, it is differentiated from the "Upper South" as being the states which were most dependent on plantation type agriculture during the pre-Civil War period...
. Before the American Civil War
American Civil War
The American Civil War was a civil war fought in the United States of America. In response to the election of Abraham Lincoln as President of the United States, 11 southern slave states declared their secession from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America ; the other 25...
, planters depended on enslaved labor of thousands of African Americans to cultivate and process the cotton for market. They were transported in the slave trade
Atlantic slave trade
The Atlantic slave trade, also known as the trans-atlantic slave trade, refers to the trade in slaves that took place across the Atlantic ocean from the sixteenth through to the nineteenth centuries...
from Africa
Africa
Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...
and the Upper South. In 1850, the county reached its peak in wealth as one of the largest cotton producers in the state. It had the tenth largest population of any county, with 16,027 people, of whom 7,373 were enslaved.
By 1860, the population had declined to 13,422. Kinchafoonee (later Webster County
Webster County, Georgia
Webster County is a county located in the U.S. state of Georgia. The 2000 Census reflected a population of 2,390. The 2009 Census Estimate shows a population of 2,192. The county seat is Preston.-History:...
) and Quitman County
Quitman County, Georgia
Quitman County is a county located in the U.S. state of Georgia. It was created on December 10, 1858 and named after General John A. Quitman, leader in the Mexican War, and once Governor of Mississippi. As of 2000, the population was 2,598. The 2007 Census Estimate shows a population of 2,666...
counties had been created from Stewart County territory in 1853 and 1858, respectively. There were 5,534 slaves in the redefined Stewart County.
After the war and emancipation
Emancipation
Emancipation means the act of setting an individual or social group free or making equal to citizens in a political society.Emancipation may also refer to:* Emancipation , a champion Australian thoroughbred racehorse foaled in 1979...
, cotton continued as a major commodity crop. Many freedmen became sharecroppers and tenant farmers in the area, which was agricultural for decades, but in decline. Stewart County lost its premier position when it was bypassed by developing railroads, which went north and south. It did not have railroad access until 1885.
Inappropriate farming practices and over-cultivation of cotton from before the Civil War led to extensive land erosion
Erosion
Erosion is when materials are removed from the surface and changed into something else. It only works by hydraulic actions and transport of solids in the natural environment, and leads to the deposition of these materials elsewhere...
by the early 20th century, with accompanying population losses. Up to the mid century, many blacks left the area in two waves of the Great Migration
Great Migration (African American)
The Great Migration was the movement of 6 million blacks out of the Southern United States to the Northeast, Midwest, and West from 1910 to 1970. Some historians differentiate between a Great Migration , numbering about 1.6 million migrants, and a Second Great Migration , in which 5 million or more...
, seeking jobs and better lives in northern and midwestern iindustrial
Industry
Industry refers to the production of an economic good or service within an economy.-Industrial sectors:There are four key industrial economic sectors: the primary sector, largely raw material extraction industries such as mining and farming; the secondary sector, involving refining, construction,...
cities. Farmers shifted to cultivating peanuts
Peanuts
Peanuts is a syndicated daily and Sunday American comic strip written and illustrated by Charles M. Schulz, which ran from October 2, 1950, to February 13, 2000, continuing in reruns afterward...
and later pine trees to reclaim and restore the land. Population losses continued throughout the 20th century, as the forest and lumber industry did not require as many laborers.
In 1965, some of the towns in the county began to redevelop historic properties to attract tourists and expand the economy. Lumpkin, Omaha
Omaha, Georgia
Omaha is an unincorporated community in Stewart County, Georgia, United States.-Geography:Omaha is located in the northwest corner of Stewart County near the juncture of the Chattahoochee River and Hannahatchee Creek....
and Louvale all had relatively intact historic properties and commercial districts. Green Grove is an historic African-American community established after the Civil War. Stewart was the first rural county in the state to use historic preservation
Historic preservation
Historic preservation is an endeavor that seeks to preserve, conserve and protect buildings, objects, landscapes or other artifacts of historical significance...
and Main Street redevelopment to support heritage tourism
Heritage tourism
Cultural heritage tourism is a branch of tourism oriented towards the cultural heritage of the location where tourism is occurring...
.
Geography
According to the 2000 census, the county has a total area of 463.23 square miles (1,199.8 km²), of which 458.7 square miles (1,188 km²) (or 99.02%) is land and 4.53 square miles (11.7 km²) (or 0.98%) is water.Major highways
U.S. Highway 280
Georgia State Route 1
Georgia State Route 27Georgia State Route 27State Route 27 is a west–east state route located in the southern part of the U.S. state of Georgia. The route travels from SR 39 east of Georgetown to U.S. 17/SR 25 in Brunswick.-Route description:...
Georgia State Route 39Georgia State Route 39State Route 39 is a north–south state route located in the southwestern part of the U.S. state of Georgia. The route travels from Lake Seminole in southern Seminole County north to U.S. 27/SR 1 north of Lumpkin.-Route description:...
Adjacent counties
- Chattahoochee CountyChattahoochee County, GeorgiaChattahoochee County is a county located in the U.S. state of Georgia. It was created on February 13, 1854. The 2000 Census reported a population of 14,882. The 2009 Census Estimate shows a population of 14,402. It is part of the Columbus, Georgia-Alabama Metropolitan Statistical Area...
(north) - Webster CountyWebster County, GeorgiaWebster County is a county located in the U.S. state of Georgia. The 2000 Census reflected a population of 2,390. The 2009 Census Estimate shows a population of 2,192. The county seat is Preston.-History:...
(east) - Randolph CountyRandolph County, GeorgiaRandolph County is a county located in the US state of Georgia. As of 2000, the population is 7,791. The 2007 Census Estimate showed a population of 7,294. The county seat is Cuthbert.-History:Randolph County is named after Virginian John Randolph....
(south) - Quitman CountyQuitman County, GeorgiaQuitman County is a county located in the U.S. state of Georgia. It was created on December 10, 1858 and named after General John A. Quitman, leader in the Mexican War, and once Governor of Mississippi. As of 2000, the population was 2,598. The 2007 Census Estimate shows a population of 2,666...
(southwest) - Barbour CountyBarbour County, AlabamaBarbour County, Alabama is a county of the U.S. state of Alabama. Its name is in honor of James Barbour, who served as Governor of Virginia. As of 2010 the population was 27,457. Its county seat is Clayton.-History:...
, AlabamaAlabamaAlabama is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west. Alabama ranks 30th in total land area and ranks second in the size of its inland...
(west) - Russell CountyRussell County, AlabamaRussell County is a county of the U.S. state of Alabama. Its name is in honor of Colonel Gilbert C. Russell, who fought in the wars against the Creek Indians. As of 2010, the population was 52,947...
, AlabamaAlabamaAlabama is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west. Alabama ranks 30th in total land area and ranks second in the size of its inland...
(northwest)
Demographics
As of the censusCensus
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...
of 2000, there were 5,252 people, 2,007 households, and 1,348 families residing in the county. The population density
Population density
Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...
was 11 people per square mile (4/km²). There were 2,354 housing units at an average density of 5 per square mile (2/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 61.54% Black
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...
or African American
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...
, 37.11% White
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...
, 0.25% Native American
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...
, 0.17% Asian
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...
, 0.11% from other races
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...
, and 0.82% from two or more races. 1.50% of the population were Hispanic
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...
or Latino
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...
of any race.
There were 2,007 households, out of which 27.70% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.50% were married couples
Marriage
Marriage is a social union or legal contract between people that creates kinship. It is an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually intimate and sexual, are acknowledged in a variety of ways, depending on the culture or subculture in which it is found...
living together, 23.10% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.80% were non-families. 29.50% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 3.07.
In the county, the population was spread out with 24.90% under the age of 18, 8.00% from 18 to 24, 25.30% from 25 to 44, 23.30% from 45 to 64, and 18.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.50 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.40 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $24,789, and the median income for a family was $29,611. Males had a median income of $27,568 versus $19,035 for females. The per capita income
Per capita income
Per capita income or income per person is a measure of mean income within an economic aggregate, such as a country or city. It is calculated by taking a measure of all sources of income in the aggregate and dividing it by the total population...
for the county was $16,071. About 17.20% of families and 22.20% of the population were below the poverty line, including 30.40% of those under age 18 and 21.90% of those age 65 or over.
Cities and towns
- Green Grove (unincorporated)
- Louvale (unincorporated)
- LumpkinLumpkin, GeorgiaLumpkin is a city in, and the county seat of, Stewart County, Georgia, United States. The population was 1,369 at the 2000 census.-History:This area of Georgia was inhabited by indigenous Native Americans for thousands of years before European contact...
- OmahaOmaha, GeorgiaOmaha is an unincorporated community in Stewart County, Georgia, United States.-Geography:Omaha is located in the northwest corner of Stewart County near the juncture of the Chattahoochee River and Hannahatchee Creek....
(unincorporated) - RichlandRichland, GeorgiaRichland is a city in Stewart County, Georgia, United States. The population was 1,794 at the 2000 census.-Geography:Richland is located at ....
Parks and recreation
Florence Marina State ParkFlorence Marina State Park
Florence Marina State Park is a 173 acre Georgia state park located near Omaha on the eastern shore of Walter F. George Lake. The park is known for its deep-water marina and its many water recreation sports, such as fishing and waterskiing. The park also attracts many bird-watchers hoping to...
and Providence Canyon State Park
Providence Canyon State Park
Providence Canyon State Park is a state park located in Stewart County in west central Georgia. The park contains Providence Canyon, which is sometimes called Georgia's "Little Grand Canyon". It is considered to be one of the Seven Natural Wonders of Georgia...
are located in Stewart County.
About 800 acres (3.2 km²) of the Eufaula National Wildlife Refuge
Eufaula National Wildlife Refuge
Eufaula National Wildlife Refuge is a 11,184 acre National Wildlife Refuge located in Barbour and Russell counties in Alabama and Stewart and Quitman counties in Georgia. Eufaula NWR is located on the Walter F. George Lake along the Chattahoochee River between Alabama and Georgia...
are located along the Chattahoochee River
Chattahoochee River
The Chattahoochee River flows through or along the borders of the U.S. states of Georgia, Alabama, and Florida. It is a tributary of the Apalachicola River, a relatively short river formed by the confluence of the Chattahoochee and Flint Rivers and emptying into Apalachicola Bay in the Gulf of...
's eastern shores in Stewart County. In addition, the Hannahatchee Wildlife Management Area is a 5600 acres (22.7 km²) hunting preserve.
See also
Additional reading
- Susan R. Boatright and Douglas C. Bachtel, eds., Georgia County Guide, Athens, GA: Center for Agribusiness and Economic Development, University of Georgia, annual.
- Helen Elisa Terrill, History of Stewart County, Georgia, ed. Sara Robertson Dixon, Columbus, Ga.: Columbus Office Supply, 1958.
- Helen Terrill and Sara Dixon, History of Stewart County, Georgia, vol. 1, Fernandina Beach, Fla.: Wolfe, 1998.
- William W. Winn, The Magic and Mystery of Westville, Lumpkin, Ga.: Westville Historic Handicrafts, 1999.
External links
- "Stewart County", New Georgia Encyclopedia
- Stewart County Georgia Community Web Pages