St Saviour's Church, Stydd
Encyclopedia
St Saviour's Church is an Anglican
chapel in Stydd
, a hamlet near Ribchester
in Lancashire
, England. It has been designated a Grade I listed building by English Heritage
.
s in the late 13th century.
During the First World War, archaeological excavations were undertaken of the area by staff and pupils of nearby Stonyhurst College
. Although evidence of buildings surrounding the church was found, identification of their use and date were inconclusive.
rubble and has a stone slate roof with simple tie beam truss
es. It has a simple rectangular plan consisting of a nave
and sanctuary
under one roof, with a porch to the south-west. It has no tower. There are square angled buttress
es to each corner.
There is a doorway on the north side that has a single-chamfer
ed arch. The south doorway is protected by the porch. The west wall has a blocked up doorway. It has a two-centred arch of two moulded orders
. There are two Norman
windows in the north wall; they are narrow chamfered lights with semi-circular heads. The east window has three lights and the west has two lights; both have intersecting Y-tracery
. The south wall has two three-light windows in the Perpendicular style; one has round heads, the other has cusped ogee
heads.
at the east end of the south wall, with a trefoil head, but no bowl. There is no architectural division between the nave and the sanctuary, although the floor latter is slightly raised. There is an oak panelled screen between the two that dates from the 17th or 18th century.
The oak pulpit
stands against the south wall; it is octagonal with square panels and sits on a stone base. It has a set of stone steps. The octagonal sandstone font
is Late Perpendicular in style and has well-preserved carvings of shields. There are stone monuments to Sir Adam and Lady Alicia Clitheroe, and to Bishop Francis Petre.
Anglicanism
Anglicanism is a tradition within Christianity comprising churches with historical connections to the Church of England or similar beliefs, worship and church structures. The word Anglican originates in ecclesia anglicana, a medieval Latin phrase dating to at least 1246 that means the English...
chapel in Stydd
Stydd
The manor of Stydd is in the county of Lancashire. It is situated on the north eastern edge of the village of Ribchester. It boasts three notable buildings: Firstly St Saviour's Church. The Church's founding is obscure but it was well established by the time of the Knights Templar or Knights...
, a hamlet near Ribchester
Ribchester
Ribchester is a village and civil parish within the Ribble Valley district of Lancashire, England. It lies on the banks of the River Ribble, northwest of Blackburn and east of Preston.The village has a long history with evidence of Bronze Age beginnings...
in Lancashire
Lancashire
Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England. It takes its name from the city of Lancaster, and is sometimes known as the County of Lancaster. Although Lancaster is still considered to be the county town, Lancashire County Council is based in Preston...
, England. It has been designated a Grade I listed building by English Heritage
English Heritage
English Heritage . is an executive non-departmental public body of the British Government sponsored by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport...
.
History
There is evidence of a community at Stydd from the 12th century and there has been a place of worship on the site since no later than the 13th century, possibly since 1190. The church is the only one surviving of a group of buildings acquired by the Knights HospitallerKnights Hospitaller
The Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem of Rhodes and of Malta , also known as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta , Order of Malta or Knights of Malta, is a Roman Catholic lay religious order, traditionally of military, chivalrous, noble nature. It is the world's...
s in the late 13th century.
During the First World War, archaeological excavations were undertaken of the area by staff and pupils of nearby Stonyhurst College
Stonyhurst College
Stonyhurst College is a Roman Catholic independent school, adhering to the Jesuit tradition. It is located on the Stonyhurst Estate near the village of Hurst Green in the Ribble Valley area of Lancashire, England, and occupies a Grade I listed building...
. Although evidence of buildings surrounding the church was found, identification of their use and date were inconclusive.
Exterior
The church is constructed in sandstoneSandstone
Sandstone is a sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-sized minerals or rock grains.Most sandstone is composed of quartz and/or feldspar because these are the most common minerals in the Earth's crust. Like sand, sandstone may be any colour, but the most common colours are tan, brown, yellow,...
rubble and has a stone slate roof with simple tie beam truss
Truss
In architecture and structural engineering, a truss is a structure comprising one or more triangular units constructed with straight members whose ends are connected at joints referred to as nodes. External forces and reactions to those forces are considered to act only at the nodes and result in...
es. It has a simple rectangular plan consisting of a nave
Nave
In Romanesque and Gothic Christian abbey, cathedral basilica and church architecture, the nave is the central approach to the high altar, the main body of the church. "Nave" was probably suggested by the keel shape of its vaulting...
and sanctuary
Sanctuary
A sanctuary is any place of safety. They may be categorized into human and non-human .- Religious sanctuary :A religious sanctuary can be a sacred place , or a consecrated area of a church or temple around its tabernacle or altar.- Sanctuary as a sacred place :#Sanctuary as a sacred place:#:In...
under one roof, with a porch to the south-west. It has no tower. There are square angled buttress
Buttress
A buttress is an architectural structure built against or projecting from a wall which serves to support or reinforce the wall...
es to each corner.
There is a doorway on the north side that has a single-chamfer
Chamfer
A chamfer is a beveled edge connecting two surfaces. If the surfaces are at right angles, the chamfer will typically be symmetrical at 45 degrees. A fillet is the rounding off of an interior corner. A rounding of an exterior corner is called a "round" or a "radius"."Chamfer" is a term commonly...
ed arch. The south doorway is protected by the porch. The west wall has a blocked up doorway. It has a two-centred arch of two moulded orders
Classical order
A classical order is one of the ancient styles of classical architecture, each distinguished by its proportions and characteristic profiles and details, and most readily recognizable by the type of column employed. Three ancient orders of architecture—the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian—originated in...
. There are two Norman
Norman architecture
About|Romanesque architecture, primarily English|other buildings in Normandy|Architecture of Normandy.File:Durham Cathedral. Nave by James Valentine c.1890.jpg|thumb|200px|The nave of Durham Cathedral demonstrates the characteristic round arched style, though use of shallow pointed arches above the...
windows in the north wall; they are narrow chamfered lights with semi-circular heads. The east window has three lights and the west has two lights; both have intersecting Y-tracery
Tracery
In architecture, Tracery is the stonework elements that support the glass in a Gothic window. The term probably derives from the 'tracing floors' on which the complex patterns of late Gothic windows were laid out.-Plate tracery:...
. The south wall has two three-light windows in the Perpendicular style; one has round heads, the other has cusped ogee
Ogee
An ogee is a curve , shaped somewhat like an S, consisting of two arcs that curve in opposite senses, so that the ends are parallel....
heads.
Interior and fittings
The interior of the church measures 46 in 6 in (14.17 m) by 20 in 6 in (6.25 m). It has a flagged floor and plastered and whitewashed walls. There is a piscinaPiscina
A piscina is a shallow basin placed near the altar of a church, used for washing the communion vessels. The sacrarium is the drain itself. Anglicans usually refer to the basin, calling it a piscina. Roman Catholics usually refer to the drain, and by extension, the basin, as the sacrarium...
at the east end of the south wall, with a trefoil head, but no bowl. There is no architectural division between the nave and the sanctuary, although the floor latter is slightly raised. There is an oak panelled screen between the two that dates from the 17th or 18th century.
The oak pulpit
Pulpit
Pulpit is a speakers' stand in a church. In many Christian churches, there are two speakers' stands at the front of the church. Typically, the one on the left is called the pulpit...
stands against the south wall; it is octagonal with square panels and sits on a stone base. It has a set of stone steps. The octagonal sandstone font
Baptismal font
A baptismal font is an article of church furniture or a fixture used for the baptism of children and adults.-Aspersion and affusion fonts:...
is Late Perpendicular in style and has well-preserved carvings of shields. There are stone monuments to Sir Adam and Lady Alicia Clitheroe, and to Bishop Francis Petre.