Srinivasa Iyengar

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Srinivasa Iyengar

S. Srinivasa Iyengar (1874-1941) was a distinguished lawyer, India

India

India, officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and outlying territories by total area country by geographical area, the List of countries by population country, and the most populous liberal democracy in the world....
n freedom fighter

Freedom fighter

"Freedom fighter" is a term for those engaged in an armed struggle, the main cause of which is to achieve, in their or their supporters' view, freedom for themselves or obtain freedom for others....
and political leader.

son of an orthodox Vaishnava brahmin

Brahmin

Brahmin is the class of educators, law makers, scholars and preachers of Dharma in Hinduism. It is said to occupy the highest position among the varna in Hinduism of Hinduism....
and respected landowner of Ramanathapuram district, Srinivasa Iyengar was born in 1874 in the erstwhile Madras Presidency

Madras Presidency

Madras Presidency , also known as Madras Province and known officially as Presidency of Fort St. George, was a province of British India....
. Attending college, he trained to become a lawyer, specializing in constitutional law.

ivasa Iyengar commenced practice before the Madras High Court

Madras High Court

The Madras High Court, one of the landmarks of the metropolis of Chennai, India, and believed to be the second largest judicial complex in the world, is located near the beach, one of the important central business districts of Chennai....
in 1898, and advanced to the top of the profession in a short time.

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S. Srinivasa Iyengar (1874-1941) was a distinguished lawyer, India

India

Freedom fighter

Early life

The son of an orthodox Vaishnava brahmin

Brahmin

Madras Presidency

Legal career

Srinivasa Iyengar commenced practice before the Madras High Court

Madras High Court

Dharmasastra

Dharmasastra is a genre of Sanskrit texts and refers to the sastra, or Indic branch of learning, pertaining to Hindu dharma, religious and legal duty....
and of the great classics of jurisprudence and constitutional law coupled with his original inquiring mind, made him a legal thinker in his own right and his edition of Mayne's Hindu Law (1939) was hailed as a classic.

Besides law, Srinivasa Iyengar's other interest were education, social reform, and politics. Among his early influences were Sir Sankaran Nair and C. Vijayaraghavachariar, two former Congress leaders. He was also an admirer of Gopal Krishna Gokhale

Gopal Krishna Gokhale

Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Order of the Indian Empire was one of the founding social and political leaders during the Indian Independence Movement against the British Raj....
(in whose name he endowed a prize) and later of Mahatma Gandhi

Mahatma Gandhi

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was a major political and spiritual leader of India and the Indian independence movement. He was the pioneer of satyagraha?resistance to tyranny through mass civil disobedience, firmly founded upon ahimsa or total non-violence?which led India to Indian independence movement and inspired movements for civi...
.

Political activities

Upon the commencement of the Non-Cooperation Movement

Non-cooperation movement

The Edwin Movement , was the first-ever series of nationwide people's movements of nonviolent resistance and civil disobedience, led by Mahatma Gandhi and the Indian National Congress....
, Iyengar resigned the office of Advocate General and joined the Indian National Congress. He presided over the Madras Provincial Conference (1920) at Tirunelveli, gave up his princely practice at the Bar, resigned the membership of the Legislative Council (to which he had been returned by the Registered Graduates) returned his titles to the Government and took a leading part in Congress affairs.

Iyengar actively participated in the Congress sessions from Ahmedabad (1921) to Lahore (1929) and gave an unparalleled lead to the Congress in Madras for about ten years. After the Congress had decided on Council-Entry he led the party to victory in Madras in 1926 and was himself elected from Madras to the Central Assembly and also acted as Leader for a time when Motilal Nehru

Motilal Nehru

Motilal Nehru was an early Indian independence activist and leader of the Indian National Congress. He was the founder patriarch of India's most powerful political family, the Nehru-Gandhi family....
was away from India.

Srinivasa lyengar presided over the Guwahati

Guwahati

Guwahati is a major city in eastern India, often considered as the gateway to the North East India Region of the country and is the largest city within the region....
session of the Congress in 1926. Iyengar worked hard to deliver a resolution upholding Hindu-Muslim unity, bringing about a temporary political agreement between the political leaders of the two communities.

He published Swaraj Constitution, in 1927, outlining a federal scheme of government for future India.

Nehru report

See Also: Simon Commission

Simon Commission

The Indian Statutory Commission was a group of seven United Kingdom Members of Parliament of the United Kingdom that had been dispatched to India in 1927 to study constitutional reform in that colony....

When the All-Parties Report (known as the Nehru Report) was published in 1928 outlining a constitution for India in terms of Dominion
Dominion

A dominion, often Dominion, refers to one of a group of autonomy polity that were nominally under United Kingdom sovereignty, constituting the British Empire and Commonwealth of Nations, from the late 19th century....
status, Srinivasa Iyengar organised the Independence League with himself as President and Jawaharlal Nehru

Jawaharlal Nehru

Jawaharlal Nehru The son of the wealthy Indian barrister and politician Motilal Nehru, Nehru became a leader of the left-wing of the Indian National Congress at a remarkably young age....
and Subhas Chandra Bose as leading members.

The differences between Motilal Nehru

Motilal Nehru

Motilal Nehru was an early Indian independence activist and leader of the Indian National Congress. He was the founder patriarch of India's most powerful political family, the Nehru-Gandhi family....
and Srinivasa Iyengar on the issue of dominion status versus independence became acute during 1929, and although it was decided finally in favour of Independence at the Lahore

Lahore

is the capital of the Pakistani Subdivisions of Pakistan of Punjab and is the List of most populated metropolitan areas in Pakistan city in Pakistan after Karachi....
Congress in December 1929, Srinivasa lyengar himself decided to retire from active public life early in 1930.

Death

Iyenger made a brief return to political life in 1939, upon the outbreak of World War II

World War II

World War II, or the Second World War , was a global military conflict which involved a Participants in World War II, including all of the great powers, organised into two opposing military alliances: the Allies of World War II and the Axis powers....
and the debate of whether Indians should back the British effort, banking on their goodwill later to deliver independence, or oppose the entry of Indian army into the war without consultation of the Indian people. He died suddenly on May 19, 1941, at his residence in Madras.