Pike County, Arkansas
Encyclopedia
Pike County is a county
County (United States)
In the United States, a county is a geographic subdivision of a state , usually assigned some governmental authority. The term "county" is used in 48 of the 50 states; Louisiana is divided into parishes and Alaska into boroughs. Parishes and boroughs are called "county-equivalents" by the U.S...

 located in the U.S. state
U.S. state
A U.S. state is any one of the 50 federated states of the United States of America that share sovereignty with the federal government. Because of this shared sovereignty, an American is a citizen both of the federal entity and of his or her state of domicile. Four states use the official title of...

 of Arkansas
Arkansas
Arkansas is a state located in the southern region of the United States. Its name is an Algonquian name of the Quapaw Indians. Arkansas shares borders with six states , and its eastern border is largely defined by the Mississippi River...

. As of 2010, the population was 11,291. The county seat
County seat
A county seat is an administrative center, or seat of government, for a county or civil parish. The term is primarily used in the United States....

 is Murfreesboro
Murfreesboro, Arkansas
Murfreesboro is a city in Pike County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 1,764 at the 2000 census. The city is the county seat of Pike County....

. Pike County is Arkansas's 25th county, formed on November 1, 1833, and named for Lieutenant
Lieutenant
A lieutenant is a junior commissioned officer in many nations' armed forces. Typically, the rank of lieutenant in naval usage, while still a junior officer rank, is senior to the army rank...

 Zebulon Pike
Zebulon Pike
Zebulon Montgomery Pike Jr. was an American officer and explorer for whom Pikes Peak in Colorado is named. As a United States Army captain in 1806-1807, he led the Pike Expedition to explore and document the southern portion of the Louisiana Purchase and to find the headwaters of the Red River,...

, the explorer who discovered Pikes Peak
Pikes Peak
Pikes Peak is a mountain in the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains, west of Colorado Springs, Colorado, in El Paso County in the United States of America....

. It is an alcohol prohibition or dry county
Dry county
A dry county is a county in the United States whose government forbids the sale of alcoholic beverages. Some prohibit off-premises sale, some prohibit on-premises sale, and some prohibit both. Hundreds of dry counties exist across the United States, almost all of them in the South...

.

History

The first known residents of the area now considered Pike County were Native Americans
Native American name controversy
The Native American name controversy is a dispute about the acceptable terminology for the indigenous peoples of the Americas and broad subsets of these peoples, such as those sharing certain cultures and languages by which more discrete groups identify themselves .Many English exonyms have been...

. The Quapaw
Quapaw
The Quapaw people are a tribe of Native Americans who historically resided on the west side of the Mississippi River in what is now the state of Arkansas.They are federally recognized as the Quapaw Tribe of Indians.-Government:...

 tribe was prominent in the area, as well as the Kadohadacho, and Cahinnio tribes. Expeditions led by Hernando de Soto
Hernando de Soto (explorer)
Hernando de Soto was a Spanish explorer and conquistador who, while leading the first European expedition deep into the territory of the modern-day United States, was the first European documented to have crossed the Mississippi River....

 and Sieur de La Salle
René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle
René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, or Robert de LaSalle was a French explorer. He explored the Great Lakes region of the United States and Canada, the Mississippi River, and the Gulf of Mexico...

 passed through the area. Around 1800, the Kadohadocho tribe migrated to Texas
Texas
Texas is the second largest U.S. state by both area and population, and the largest state by area in the contiguous United States.The name, based on the Caddo word "Tejas" meaning "friends" or "allies", was applied by the Spanish to the Caddo themselves and to the region of their settlement in...

 to avoid further repeated attacks by the Osage
Osage Nation
The Osage Nation is a Native American Siouan-language tribe in the United States that originated in the Ohio River valley in present-day Kentucky. After years of war with invading Iroquois, the Osage migrated west of the Mississippi River to their historic lands in present-day Arkansas, Missouri,...

, who would venture in from the Oklahoma
Oklahoma
Oklahoma is a state located in the South Central region of the United States of America. With an estimated 3,751,351 residents as of the 2010 census and a land area of 68,667 square miles , Oklahoma is the 28th most populous and 20th-largest state...

 area.

Pike County was part of the Louisiana Purchase
Louisiana Purchase
The Louisiana Purchase was the acquisition by the United States of America of of France's claim to the territory of Louisiana in 1803. The U.S...

 of 1803, and on November 1, 1833, Pike County was created, and named after Zebulon Pike
Zebulon Pike
Zebulon Montgomery Pike Jr. was an American officer and explorer for whom Pikes Peak in Colorado is named. As a United States Army captain in 1806-1807, he led the Pike Expedition to explore and document the southern portion of the Louisiana Purchase and to find the headwaters of the Red River,...

. A post office
Post office
A post office is a facility forming part of a postal system for the posting, receipt, sorting, handling, transmission or delivery of mail.Post offices offer mail-related services such as post office boxes, postage and packaging supplies...

 was established in what is now Murfreesboro
Murfreesboro, Arkansas
Murfreesboro is a city in Pike County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 1,764 at the 2000 census. The city is the county seat of Pike County....

, with the town itself receiving its name due to some of its first residents having originated from Murfreesboro, Tennessee
Murfreesboro, Tennessee
Murfreesboro is a city in and the county seat of Rutherford County, Tennessee, United States. The population was 108,755 according to the United States Census Bureau's 2010 U.S. Census, up from 68,816 residents certified during the 2000 census. The center of population of Tennessee is located in...

. Until it was officially named, Murfreesboro had been referred to as "Forks of the Missouri" or "Three Forks". Much of the counties documented history was destroyed in the court house fires of 1855 and 1895.

During the Civil War
American Civil War
The American Civil War was a civil war fought in the United States of America. In response to the election of Abraham Lincoln as President of the United States, 11 southern slave states declared their secession from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America ; the other 25...

, Pike County men formed two full companies for service in regiments formed in Montgomery County
Montgomery County, Arkansas
Montgomery County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of 2010, the population was 9,487. The county seat is Mount Ida. Montgomery County is Arkansas's 45th county, formed on December 9, 1842, and named after Richard Montgomery, an American Revolutionary War...

, in the Confederate Army, with the most active being the 4th Arkansas Infantry
4th Arkansas Infantry
4th Arkansas Infantry was a Confederate Army infantry regiment from the state of Arkansas during the American Civil War. There was also a 4th Regiment, Arkansas State Troops which participated in the Battle of Wilson's Creek, but was never transferred to Confederate Service...

, and the county was firmly in support of the Confederate States of America
Confederate States of America
The Confederate States of America was a government set up from 1861 to 1865 by 11 Southern slave states of the United States of America that had declared their secession from the U.S...

. In 1864 Murfreesboro served as a winter quarters for the Confederate regiments assigned to that area, with Union Army
Union Army
The Union Army was the land force that fought for the Union during the American Civil War. It was also known as the Federal Army, the U.S. Army, the Northern Army and the National Army...

 regiments wintering just eighteen miles away in and around Antoine
Antoine, Arkansas
Antoine is a town in Pike County, Arkansas, United States, along the Antoine River. The population was 156 at the 2000 census.-Geography:Antoine is located at...

.

In 1900, Martin White Greeson, who owned property in Pike County and also owned and operated the Murfreesboro-Nashville Southwest Rail-Road, began campaigning for a dam
Dam
A dam is a barrier that impounds water or underground streams. Dams generally serve the primary purpose of retaining water, while other structures such as floodgates or levees are used to manage or prevent water flow into specific land regions. Hydropower and pumped-storage hydroelectricity are...

 on the Little Missouri River
Little Missouri River
The Little Missouri River can refer to two rivers in the United States:*The Little Missouri River in Arkansas*The Little Missouri River in Wyoming, South Dakota and North Dakota...

 to alleviate flooding. It was not until 1941 that the project was approved, and construction began on June 1, 1948, and was completed on July 12, 1951. The lake created by the dam was named Lake Greeson
Lake Greeson
Lake Greeson is a reservoir on the Little Missouri River, about north of Murfreesboro, Arkansas. Famous for its scenery and recreation, it is surrounded by 15 parks that offer opportunities for camping, fishing, boating, biking, and swimming.- Overview :...

 in Greeson's honor.

In the early 20th century, Rosboro, Arkansas
Rosboro, Arkansas
Rosboro is an unincorporated community in Pike County, Arkansas, United States. It lies about 5 miles west of Amity and 6 miles east of Glenwood. Once a thriving and populated mill town, with several stores, a large mill and kiln, and over one hundred shotgun houses, it now has only one store, and...

 was the headquarters of one of the states most productive lumber mill
Sawmill
A sawmill is a facility where logs are cut into boards.-Sawmill process:A sawmill's basic operation is much like those of hundreds of years ago; a log enters on one end and dimensional lumber exits on the other end....

s, and received its name from Thomas Whitaker Rosborough, owner of the lumber company. That company, originating in Rosboro, eventually moved to Springfield, Oregon
Springfield, Oregon
Springfield is a city in Lane County, Oregon, United States. Located in the Southern Willamette Valley, it is within the Eugene-Springfield Metropolitan Statistical Area. Separated from Eugene to the west, mainly by Interstate 5, Springfield is the second-most populous city in the metropolitan area...

, where today it is one of the largest forest product producers in the U.S., and it operates under the name of the "Rosboro Timber Company".

During World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...

 Murfreesboro was used as a site to house and work German
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany , also known as the Third Reich , but officially called German Reich from 1933 to 1943 and Greater German Reich from 26 June 1943 onward, is the name commonly used to refer to the state of Germany from 1933 to 1945, when it was a totalitarian dictatorship ruled by...

 prisoners of war. Since the late 19th century, the county's main source of employment has been in the timber industry.

Notable residents

  • Former U.S. Representative Thomas Dale Alford
    Dale Alford
    Thomas Dale Alford, Sr. was an ophthalmologist and politician from the U.S. state of Arkansas who served as a conservative Democrat in the United States House of Representatives from Little Rock from 1959 to 1963....

     was born in Pike County. A leading ophthalmologist in Little Rock
    Little Rock, Arkansas
    Little Rock is the capital and the largest city of the U.S. state of Arkansas. The Metropolitan Statistical Area had a population of 699,757 people in the 2010 census...

    , he served in Congress from 1959–1963, having first been elected as a write-in candidate
    Write-in candidate
    A write-in candidate is a candidate in an election whose name does not appear on the ballot, but for whom voters may vote nonetheless by writing in the person's name. Some states and local jurisdictions allow a voter to affix a sticker with a write-in candidate's name on it to the ballot in lieu...

    .
  • Singer Glen Campbell
    Glen Campbell
    Glen Travis Campbell is an American country music singer, guitarist, television host and occasional actor. He is best known for a series of hits in the 1960s and 1970s, as well as for hosting a variety show called The Glen Campbell Goodtime Hour on CBS television.During his 50 years in show...

     was born in Billstown and raised in nearby Delight
    Delight, Arkansas
    Delight is a city in Pike County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 311 at the 2000 census. It is the birthplace of country musician Glen Campbell, though the actual early home of the Country Music Hall of Fame inductee was in nearby Billstown, which Campbell describes as a "suburb" of...

     in Pike County.
  • Journalist Charles E. Maple
    Charles E. Maple
    Charles Edward Maple, known as Charlie Maple , was a journalist, chamber of commerce official, and state parks executive during the second half of the 20th century in the four-state region of Oklahoma, Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas.-Early years, education, military:Maple was born in Oklahoma City...

     (1932–2006) was the editor and publisher of the Pike County News prior to 1960.
  • Former Arkansas State Treasurer
    Arkansas State Treasurer
    The Arkansas State Treasurer acts as the head banker for the State of Arkansas, handling deposits, withdrawals, redemptions of state warrants, and investments of state funds. The position was created in 1819 when Arkansas became a territory...

     and current state auditor
    Arkansas State Auditor
    Arkansas State Auditor is an executive position and constitutional officer within the Arkansas government...

     Gus Wingfield
    Gus Wingfield
    Gus Wingfield is a former one term Arkansas State Treasurer, and two term Arkansas State Auditor, 1994-2003. He served from 2003-2007.- Early life :...

     was born in Antoine and attended public school in Delight.

Geography

According to the 2000 census, the county has a total area of 613.88 square miles (1,589.9 km²), of which 603.01 square miles (1,561.8 km²) (or 98.23%) is land and 10.87 square miles (28.2 km²) (or 1.77%) is water.

Major highways

  • U.S. Highway 70
  • Highway 8
  • Highway 19
  • Highway 26
  • Highway 27
  • Highway 29
  • Highway 84

Adjacent counties

  • Montgomery County
    Montgomery County, Arkansas
    Montgomery County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of 2010, the population was 9,487. The county seat is Mount Ida. Montgomery County is Arkansas's 45th county, formed on December 9, 1842, and named after Richard Montgomery, an American Revolutionary War...

      (north)
  • Clark County
    Clark County, Arkansas
    Clark County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of 2010, the population was 22,995. The county seat is Arkadelphia.The Arkadelphia Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Clark County.-Geography:...

      (east)
  • Nevada County  (southeast)
  • Hempstead County  (south)
  • Howard County
    Howard County, Arkansas
    Howard County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of 2010, the population was 13,789. The county seat is Nashville. Howard County is Arkansas's 74th county, formed on April 17, 1873, and named for James Howard, a state senator...

      (west)

Demographics

As of the census
Census
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...

of 2000, there were 11,303 people, 4,504 households, and 3,265 families residing in the county. The population density
Population density
Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...

 was 19 people per square mile (7/km²). There were 5,536 housing units at an average density of 9 per square mile (4/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 92.04% White
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...

, 3.47% Black
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...

 or African American
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...

, 0.65% Native American
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...

, 0.16% Asian
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...

, 0.02% Pacific Islander
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...

, 2.60% from other races
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...

, and 1.07% from two or more races. 3.57% of the population were Hispanic
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...

 or Latino
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...

 of any race.

There were 4,504 households out of which 32.10% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.90% were married couples
Marriage
Marriage is a social union or legal contract between people that creates kinship. It is an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually intimate and sexual, are acknowledged in a variety of ways, depending on the culture or subculture in which it is found...

 living together, 8.30% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.50% were non-families. 25.20% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 2.94.

In the county the population was spread out with 24.90% under the age of 18, 7.30% from 18 to 24, 26.40% from 25 to 44, 24.50% from 45 to 64, and 17.00% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 97.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.40 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $27,695, and the median income for a family was $32,883. Males had a median income of $27,294 versus $17,266 for females. The per capita income
Per capita income
Per capita income or income per person is a measure of mean income within an economic aggregate, such as a country or city. It is calculated by taking a measure of all sources of income in the aggregate and dividing it by the total population...

 for the county was $15,385. About 12.80% of families and 16.80% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.80% of those under age 18 and 20.20% of those age 65 or over.

Cities and towns

  • Antoine
    Antoine, Arkansas
    Antoine is a town in Pike County, Arkansas, United States, along the Antoine River. The population was 156 at the 2000 census.-Geography:Antoine is located at...

  • Daisy
    Daisy, Arkansas
    Daisy is a town in Pike County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 118 at the 2000 census. Daisy is also home of Daisy State Park.-Geography:Daisy is located at ....

  • Delight
    Delight, Arkansas
    Delight is a city in Pike County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 311 at the 2000 census. It is the birthplace of country musician Glen Campbell, though the actual early home of the Country Music Hall of Fame inductee was in nearby Billstown, which Campbell describes as a "suburb" of...

  • Glenwood
    Glenwood, Arkansas
    Glenwood is a city in Pike and Montgomery counties in the U.S. state of Arkansas. The population was 1,751 at the 2000 census.-Geography:Glenwood is located at ....

  • Murfreesboro
    Murfreesboro, Arkansas
    Murfreesboro is a city in Pike County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 1,764 at the 2000 census. The city is the county seat of Pike County....

  • Nathan
  • Newhope
    Newhope, Arkansas
    Newhope is an unincorporated community in Pike County, Arkansas, United States. Newhope is located at the junction of U.S. Route 70 and Arkansas Highway 369 west of Daisy. Newhope has a post office with ZIP code 71959....

  • Pisgah
  • Salem

  • Unincorporated communities

    • Langley
      Langley, Arkansas
      Langley is an unincorporated community in Pike County, Arkansas, United States. It is located where state highway 84 and 369 meet. The town is usually a stopping point for travelers traveling 6 miles north to the Albert Pike Recreational Area in Ouachita National Forest...

    • Lodi
      Lodi, Arkansas
      Lodi is an unincorporated community in Pike County, Arkansas, United States. It lies 8 miles from Langley, and 5 miles from Salem.It owes its name to the Italian city of Lodi....

    • Rosboro
      Rosboro, Arkansas
      Rosboro is an unincorporated community in Pike County, Arkansas, United States. It lies about 5 miles west of Amity and 6 miles east of Glenwood. Once a thriving and populated mill town, with several stores, a large mill and kiln, and over one hundred shotgun houses, it now has only one store, and...


    Townships

    • Antoine (most of CDP Kirby
      Kirby, Arkansas
      Kirby is an unincorporated census-designated place in northern Pike County, Arkansas, United States. The community lies on U.S. Route 70; it is located halfway between Daisy and Glenwood. As of the 2010 census, its population is 786.-References:...

      )
    • Brewer
    • Clark (Glenwood
      Glenwood, Arkansas
      Glenwood is a city in Pike and Montgomery counties in the U.S. state of Arkansas. The population was 1,751 at the 2000 census.-Geography:Glenwood is located at ....

      )
    • Eagle (small part of CDP Kirby
      Kirby, Arkansas
      Kirby is an unincorporated census-designated place in northern Pike County, Arkansas, United States. The community lies on U.S. Route 70; it is located halfway between Daisy and Glenwood. As of the 2010 census, its population is 786.-References:...

      )
    • Missouri (Delight
      Delight, Arkansas
      Delight is a city in Pike County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 311 at the 2000 census. It is the birthplace of country musician Glen Campbell, though the actual early home of the Country Music Hall of Fame inductee was in nearby Billstown, which Campbell describes as a "suburb" of...

      )
    • Mountain
    • Muddy Fork
    • Pike City
    • Saline
    • Self Creek (Daisy
      Daisy, Arkansas
      Daisy is a town in Pike County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 118 at the 2000 census. Daisy is also home of Daisy State Park.-Geography:Daisy is located at ....

      , part of CDP Kirby
      Kirby, Arkansas
      Kirby is an unincorporated census-designated place in northern Pike County, Arkansas, United States. The community lies on U.S. Route 70; it is located halfway between Daisy and Glenwood. As of the 2010 census, its population is 786.-References:...

      )
    • Thompson (Murfreesboro
      Murfreesboro, Arkansas
      Murfreesboro is a city in Pike County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 1,764 at the 2000 census. The city is the county seat of Pike County....

      )
    • White
    • Wolf Creek (Antoine
      Antoine, Arkansas
      Antoine is a town in Pike County, Arkansas, United States, along the Antoine River. The population was 156 at the 2000 census.-Geography:Antoine is located at...

      )
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