Longyan
Encyclopedia
Longyan is a prefecture-level city
in southwestern Fujian
province, China
.
and Tingjiang
rivers. Longyan borders on the municipalities Sanming
to the north, Quanzhou
to the east, Zhangzhou
to the southeast, and the provinces of Jiangxi
and Guangdong
to the west and south respectively.
. The population of Longyan in 2010 was 4.65% inferior than in 2000 (when the inhabitants of the city stand at 2,684,310), giving an average annual rate of growth of -0.47%.
are in Xinluo District
(新罗区), together with the CPC
and Public Security
bureaux. The information about population uses the 2010 Census data.
(唐朝)), the Tingzhou prefecture
was established in western Fujian
(or Minxi (闽西)), administering Changting
, Huanglian and Xinluo counties. Six years later Xinluo was named Longyan for the nearby cavern, a famous scenic site.
Due to the ancient conflicts in central China and aggression from northern tribes, many Han people moved from central China to Longyan.
in 1734, the area was designated Longyan Prefecture by the imperial court. In 1913, it reverted to its former name Longyan County and in 1981, Longyan City was established.
Minxi was a strategic base during the Chinese Civil War
.
It's said that tens of thousands of people from Longyan joined the PLA during the Chinese Civil War, and nearly every family had someone sacrificed lives on behalf of CCP side. There are more than 26,000 locals that took part in the Long March which in total is carried out by 86,000. Moreover, during 1955 and 1968, 68 people from Longyan were awarded Brigadier General or above, which accounts for 82% of all generals from Fujian province at the time, therefore, Longyan is also named after "The Home of Generals".
is often referred to as the home of the Hakka and the Tingjiang River is known as the "mother river" of the Hakka people.But actually Longyan is more or less multicultural. For example, Hoklo
people in Xinluo and Zhangping speak Hokkien
, while it is somewhat influenced by the Hakka
accent. Considering the difference between Hoklo
culture and Hakka's, it's not surprising to find a diversity of traditions and values in Longyan.
, Quanzhou
and Zhangzhou
. It also acts as a gateway for trade with Guangdong
and Jiangxi
province. It is the main connection between the inland and coastal area.
Longyan is rich in natural resources - important mineral deposits and forest zones. The Septwolves
tobacco business is an important contributor to the local economy, as is the Zijin Mining
group.
Prefecture-level city
A prefectural level city , prefectural city or prefectural level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure. Prefectural level cities form the second level of the administrative...
in southwestern Fujian
Fujian
' , formerly romanised as Fukien or Huguing or Foukien, is a province on the southeast coast of mainland China. Fujian is bordered by Zhejiang to the north, Jiangxi to the west, and Guangdong to the south. Taiwan lies to the east, across the Taiwan Strait...
province, China
People's Republic of China
China , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...
.
Geography
It is situated in the upper reaches of the JiulongJiulong River
The Jiulong River or Jiulong Jiang is the largest river in southern Fujian, and the second largest in the province. Like all Fujian rivers but one, it flows into the Taiwan Strait....
and Tingjiang
Tingjiang river
The Ting River flows 300 km from Changting County in western Fujian south to the port and Special Economic Zone of Shantou, Guangdong.The former prefecture of Tingzhou fu or T'ingchow-fu was administered from a centre on the upper river, now the town of Tingzhou in Changting County; all these...
rivers. Longyan borders on the municipalities Sanming
Sanming
Sanming ) is a prefecture-level city in western Fujian province, People's Republic of China. It borders Nanping City to the north, Fuzhou City to the east, Quanzhou City to the southeast, Longyan City to the south, and the province of Jiangxi to the west...
to the north, Quanzhou
Quanzhou
Quanzhou is a prefecture-level city in Fujian province, People's Republic of China. It borders all other prefecture-level cities in Fujian but two and faces the Taiwan Strait...
to the east, Zhangzhou
Zhangzhou
Zhangzhou is a prefecture-level city in southern Fujian province, People's Republic of China. Located on the banks of the Jiulong River , Zhangzhou borders the cities of Xiamen and Quanzhou to the northeast, Longyan City to the northwest and the province of Guangdong to the southwest.Zhangzhou...
to the southeast, and the provinces of Jiangxi
Jiangxi
' is a southern province in the People's Republic of China. Spanning from the banks of the Yangtze River in the north into hillier areas in the south, it shares a border with Anhui to the north, Zhejiang to the northeast, Fujian to the east, Guangdong to the south, Hunan to the west, and Hubei to...
and Guangdong
Guangdong
Guangdong is a province on the South China Sea coast of the People's Republic of China. The province was previously often written with the alternative English name Kwangtung Province...
to the west and south respectively.
Demographics
The prefecture-level city of Longyan had a population of 2,559,545 inhabitants as of 2010, according to the 2010 National CensusSixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China
The Sixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China, also referred to as the 2010 Chinese Census, was conducted by the National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China with a zero hour of November 1, 2010....
. The population of Longyan in 2010 was 4.65% inferior than in 2000 (when the inhabitants of the city stand at 2,684,310), giving an average annual rate of growth of -0.47%.
Administration
The municipal executive, legislature and judiciaryIntermediate people's court
An intermediate people's court is the second lowest local people's court in the People's Republic of China. According to the Organic Law of the People's Courts of the People's Republic of China, the intermediate people's courts handle relevant important local cases in the first instance and hear...
are in Xinluo District
Xinluo District
Xinluo District is a county-level territory under the jurisdiction of Longyan, in Fujian Province, China.Xinluo District has a population of approximately 50,000....
(新罗区), together with the CPC
Communist Party of China
The Communist Party of China , also known as the Chinese Communist Party , is the founding and ruling political party of the People's Republic of China...
and Public Security
Public Security Bureau
In the People's Republic of China, a public security bureau refers to the government offices while the smaller offices are called Police posts which are similar in concept to the Japanese Kōban system) present in each province and municipality that handles policing , public security, and...
bureaux. The information about population uses the 2010 Census data.
| English Name | Simplified | Traditional | Pinyin | Hakka | Area | Population | Density |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Xinluo District Xinluo District Xinluo District is a county-level territory under the jurisdiction of Longyan, in Fujian Province, China.Xinluo District has a population of approximately 50,000.... |
新罗区 | 新羅區 | Xīnluó Qū | Sîn-lò-khî | 2,685 | 662,429 | 247 |
| Zhangping City Zhangping City Zhangping is a city in the southwest of Fujian province of Southeast China. It is under the administration of Longyan Prefecture.... |
漳平市 | 漳平市 | Zhāngpíng Shì | Chông-phìn-sṳ | 2,975 | 240,194 | 81 |
| Changting County Changting County Changting , also known as Tingzhou or Tingchow, is a county in western Fujian province, the People's Republic of China. With a population of 480,000 and an area of 3,099 square kilometers, Changting is the fifth largest county in Fujian province... |
长汀县 | 長汀縣 | Chángtīng Xiàn | Tshòng-tin-yen | 3,099 | 393,390 | 127 |
| Yongding County | 永定县 | 永定縣 | Yǒngdìng Xiàn | Yún-thin-yen | 2,216 | 362,658 | 164 |
| Shanghang County Shanghang County Shanghang is a populous county of Longyan Municipality in Fujian Province.-Transportation:Part of Shanghang County is accessed by National Route 319, coming west from Xinluo , the municipal seat... |
上杭县 | 上杭縣 | Shàngháng Xiàn | Sông-hông-yen | 2,879 | 374,047 | 130 |
| Wuping County Wuping County Wuping is a county in the municipal region of Longyan, FJ.-Administration:The county executive, legislature and judicary are in the town of Pingchuan , together with the CPC and PSB branches.-Other Towns :*Taoxi *Zhongbao... |
武平县 | 武平縣 | Wǔpíng Xiàn | Vú-phìn-yen | 2,630 | 278,182 | 106 |
| Liancheng County Liancheng County Liancheng County is a county in the municipal region of Longyan, Fujian, southeastern China.-Geography:Liancheng borders Changting and Shanghang counties to the west and south, and Xinluo, the municipal seat, to the southeast... |
连城县 | 連城縣 | Liánchéng Xiàn | Lièn-sàng-yen | 2,596 | 248,645 | 96 |
History
In 736 AD, (the Tang DynastyTang Dynasty
The Tang Dynasty was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period. It was founded by the Li family, who seized power during the decline and collapse of the Sui Empire...
(唐朝)), the Tingzhou prefecture
Prefecture-level city
A prefectural level city , prefectural city or prefectural level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure. Prefectural level cities form the second level of the administrative...
was established in western Fujian
Fujian
' , formerly romanised as Fukien or Huguing or Foukien, is a province on the southeast coast of mainland China. Fujian is bordered by Zhejiang to the north, Jiangxi to the west, and Guangdong to the south. Taiwan lies to the east, across the Taiwan Strait...
(or Minxi (闽西)), administering Changting
Changting
Changting may refer to the following locations in China:*Changting County , of Longyan, Fujian**Changting Prefecture , a territorial unit in the first half of the 20th century*Changting, Hailin , town in Heilongjiang...
, Huanglian and Xinluo counties. Six years later Xinluo was named Longyan for the nearby cavern, a famous scenic site.
Due to the ancient conflicts in central China and aggression from northern tribes, many Han people moved from central China to Longyan.
in 1734, the area was designated Longyan Prefecture by the imperial court. In 1913, it reverted to its former name Longyan County and in 1981, Longyan City was established.
Minxi was a strategic base during the Chinese Civil War
Chinese Civil War
The Chinese Civil War was a civil war fought between the Kuomintang , the governing party of the Republic of China, and the Communist Party of China , for the control of China which eventually led to China's division into two Chinas, Republic of China and People's Republic of...
.
It's said that tens of thousands of people from Longyan joined the PLA during the Chinese Civil War, and nearly every family had someone sacrificed lives on behalf of CCP side. There are more than 26,000 locals that took part in the Long March which in total is carried out by 86,000. Moreover, during 1955 and 1968, 68 people from Longyan were awarded Brigadier General or above, which accounts for 82% of all generals from Fujian province at the time, therefore, Longyan is also named after "The Home of Generals".
Culture
Longyan is famous for it as the Home of Hakka People as Hakka people takes up 75% of entire population,The city ChangtingChangting
Changting may refer to the following locations in China:*Changting County , of Longyan, Fujian**Changting Prefecture , a territorial unit in the first half of the 20th century*Changting, Hailin , town in Heilongjiang...
is often referred to as the home of the Hakka and the Tingjiang River is known as the "mother river" of the Hakka people.But actually Longyan is more or less multicultural. For example, Hoklo
Hoklo
Hoklo can mean the following:* The Hoklo people, a geographically widespread cultural-linguistic group originating in southeast China , also called Hokkien.* Min Nan, the Chinese language group spoken by the Hoklo....
people in Xinluo and Zhangping speak Hokkien
Hokkien
Hokkien is a Hokkien word corresponding to Standard Chinese "Fujian". It may refer to:* Hokkien dialect, a dialect of Min Nan Chinese spoken in Southern Fujian , Taiwan, South-east Asia, and elsewhere....
, while it is somewhat influenced by the Hakka
Hakka
The Hakka , sometimes Hakka Han, are Han Chinese who speak the Hakka language and have links to the provincial areas of Guangdong, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Sichuan, Hunan and Fujian in China....
accent. Considering the difference between Hoklo
Hoklo
Hoklo can mean the following:* The Hoklo people, a geographically widespread cultural-linguistic group originating in southeast China , also called Hokkien.* Min Nan, the Chinese language group spoken by the Hoklo....
culture and Hakka's, it's not surprising to find a diversity of traditions and values in Longyan.
Environment
Unlike many Chinese cities, the forest coverage of Longyan reaches an unusually high 77.9%, which is unparalleled in Fujian province.Economy
Longyan serves as a strategic center for the distribution of goods to XiamenXiamen
Xiamen , also known as Amoy , is a major city on the southeast coast of the People's Republic of China. It is administered as a sub-provincial city of Fujian province with an area of and population of 3.53 million...
, Quanzhou
Quanzhou
Quanzhou is a prefecture-level city in Fujian province, People's Republic of China. It borders all other prefecture-level cities in Fujian but two and faces the Taiwan Strait...
and Zhangzhou
Zhangzhou
Zhangzhou is a prefecture-level city in southern Fujian province, People's Republic of China. Located on the banks of the Jiulong River , Zhangzhou borders the cities of Xiamen and Quanzhou to the northeast, Longyan City to the northwest and the province of Guangdong to the southwest.Zhangzhou...
. It also acts as a gateway for trade with Guangdong
Guangdong
Guangdong is a province on the South China Sea coast of the People's Republic of China. The province was previously often written with the alternative English name Kwangtung Province...
and Jiangxi
Jiangxi
' is a southern province in the People's Republic of China. Spanning from the banks of the Yangtze River in the north into hillier areas in the south, it shares a border with Anhui to the north, Zhejiang to the northeast, Fujian to the east, Guangdong to the south, Hunan to the west, and Hubei to...
province. It is the main connection between the inland and coastal area.
Longyan is rich in natural resources - important mineral deposits and forest zones. The Septwolves
Septwolves
Septwolves is a tobacco and clothing brand based in Fujian, People's Republic of China. The brand was registered in 1990. It was the subject of a Hong Kong trademark case which divided it between two businesses.-Tobacco:...
tobacco business is an important contributor to the local economy, as is the Zijin Mining
Zijin Mining
Zijin Mining or Zijin is a leading Chinese gold, copper and non-ferrous metals producer and refiner in Mainland China.-Description:Zijin is one of the largest Chinese gold producer in China...
group.
Famous people from Longyan
- Aw Boon HawAw Boon HawAw Boon Haw, OBE was a Burmese Chinese entrepreneur and philanthropist best known for introducing Tiger Balm. He was the son of Hakka herbalist Aw Chu Kin, with his ancestral home in Yongding County, Fujian Province, China.-Biography:-Business:...
from Yongding county, Tiger Balm King of Singapore - Aw Boon ParAw Boon ParAw Boon Par was a Burmese Chinese entrepreneur and philanthropist best known for introducing Tiger Balm.He was the son of Hakka herbalist Aw Chu Kin. His father left the business to Boon Par and after Aw Chu Kin's death in 1908, he called his elder brother Aw Boon Haw to run his father's...
brother of Aw Boon Haw, and the other half of the Tiger Balm empire. - Chen Hong (陈宏) (b. 1979), number 1 badmintonBadmintonBadminton is a racquet sport played by either two opposing players or two opposing pairs , who take positions on opposite halves of a rectangular court that is divided by a net. Players score points by striking a shuttlecock with their racquet so that it passes over the net and lands in their...
player on the world ranking list from 2002 to 2003. - He WennaHe WennaHe Wenna is a female Chinese trampoline gymnast. She competed in the 2008 Summer Olympics, where she won the gold medal with a score of 37.80.She won a gold medal in the team event at the 2007 World Championships.-References:* -External links:...
(何雯娜) (b. 1989), trampoline gymnast, gold medalist at the 2008 Summer Olympics. - Lin DanLin DanLin Dan is a professional badminton player from China. He is a four-time world champion and the reigning Olympic champion. Widely considered to be the greatest badminton player of all time, by the age of 27 Lin had completed the "Super Grand Slam", having won all major titles in world badminton:...
(林丹) (b. 1983), gold medalist at the 2008 Summer Olympics, number 1 badmintonBadmintonBadminton is a racquet sport played by either two opposing players or two opposing pairs , who take positions on opposite halves of a rectangular court that is divided by a net. Players score points by striking a shuttlecock with their racquet so that it passes over the net and lands in their...
player on the world ranking list from 2004 to 2008. - Shi ZhiyongShi ZhiyongShi Zhiyong is a Chinese weightlifter. He became Olympic Champion during the 2004 Summer Olympics. He lifted a total of 325 kg, equalising the World record at that time....
(石智勇) (b. 1980), Weightlifter, gold medalist at the 2004 Summer Olympics. - Yang ChengwuYang ChengwuYang Chengwu , alias Yang Nengjun was a general of the People's Republic of China. He was also a Proletarian Revolutionist and a military strategist of the People's Liberation Army....
, a Proletarian Revolutionist and a military strategist of the People's Liberation Army. - Zhang DingchengZhang Dingcheng-Biography:Zhang Dingcheng was born in Yongding County, Fujian in 1898. He joined the Communist Party of China in 1927.Zhang was the Procurator-General of the Supreme People's Procuratorate from 1954 to 1975.-External links:...
, the Procurator-General of the Supreme People's Procuratorate from 1954 to 1975. - Zhang XiangxiangZhang XiangxiangZhang Xiangxiang is a male Chinese weightlifter. He is an Olympic medalist. He won the bronze medal at the men's 56 kg class in Weightlifting at the 2000 Summer OlympicsHe won the gold medal in the 62 kg class at the 2008 Summer Olympics....
(张湘祥) (b. 1983), Weightlifter, gold medalist at the 2008 Summer Olympics and bronze medalist at the 2000 Summer Olympics. - Deng Zihui (邓子恢) (1896–1972) former vice premier (1951–1965), one of the top leaders of the Chinese Communist Party.