List of writers about Egypt till the 19th century
Encyclopedia
This is a list of writers who have written extensively about Egypt
and their produced accounts, and may be considered essential, the only, highly popular, ground breaking, major or primary sources on various subjects related to Egyptian history. It includes only accounts published, and in case of no publishing, written, before the turn of the 19th century, before widespread tourism, excavations and travel writing commenced. The date is the publication of the first publication, not minding that later editions or translations to other languages might be more easily accessible, enlarged in contents, containing more relevant Egyptian material or be better known. The list is sorted by publishing date, whiles the actual travel, study or compiling of the work, may have occurred many years before that date.
Egypt
Egypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...
and their produced accounts, and may be considered essential, the only, highly popular, ground breaking, major or primary sources on various subjects related to Egyptian history. It includes only accounts published, and in case of no publishing, written, before the turn of the 19th century, before widespread tourism, excavations and travel writing commenced. The date is the publication of the first publication, not minding that later editions or translations to other languages might be more easily accessible, enlarged in contents, containing more relevant Egyptian material or be better known. The list is sorted by publishing date, whiles the actual travel, study or compiling of the work, may have occurred many years before that date.
4th century BC
Writer | Work | Comment |
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Herodotus Herodotus Herodotus was an ancient Greek historian who was born in Halicarnassus, Caria and lived in the 5th century BC . He has been called the "Father of History", and was the first historian known to collect his materials systematically, test their accuracy to a certain extent and arrange them in a... |
Histories Histories (Herodotus) The Histories of Herodotus is considered one of the seminal works of history in Western literature. Written from the 450s to the 420s BC in the Ionic dialect of classical Greek, The Histories serves as a record of the ancient traditions, politics, geography, and clashes of various cultures that... , Book II & III |
Geography, history and culture |
3rd century BC
Writer | Work | Comment |
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Hecataeus of Abdera Hecataeus of Abdera Hecataeus of Abdera was a Greek historian and sceptic philosopher who flourished in the 4th century BC.-Biography:Diogenes Laertius relates that he was a student of Pyrrho, along with Eurylochus, Timon the Phliasian, Nausiphanes of Teos and others, and includes him among the "Pyrrhoneans"... |
Aegyptiaca (lost work) | |
Manetho Manetho Manetho was an Egyptian historian and priest from Sebennytos who lived during the Ptolemaic era, approximately during the 3rd century BC. Manetho wrote the Aegyptiaca... |
Aegyptiaca (lost work) |
1st century
Writer | Work | Comment |
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Strabo Strabo Strabo, also written Strabon was a Greek historian, geographer and philosopher.-Life:Strabo was born to an affluent family from Amaseia in Pontus , a city which he said was situated the approximate equivalent of 75 km from the Black Sea... |
Geographica Geographica (Strabo) The Geographica , or Geography, is a 17-volume encyclopedia of geographical knowledge written in Greek by Strabo, an educated citizen of the Roman empire of Greek descent. Work can have begun on it no earlier than 20 BC... , Book XVII |
Geography, history and culture |
Diodorus Siculus Diodorus Siculus Diodorus Siculus was a Greek historian who flourished between 60 and 30 BC. According to Diodorus' own work, he was born at Agyrium in Sicily . With one exception, antiquity affords no further information about Diodorus' life and doings beyond what is to be found in his own work, Bibliotheca... |
Bibliotheca historica Bibliotheca historica Bibliotheca historica , is a work of universal history by Diodorus Siculus. It consisted of forty books, which were divided into three sections. The first six books are geographical in theme, and describe the history and culture of Egypt , of Mesopotamia, India, Scythia, and Arabia , of North... , Book I |
History and culture |
Pliny the Elder Pliny the Elder Gaius Plinius Secundus , better known as Pliny the Elder, was a Roman author, naturalist, and natural philosopher, as well as naval and army commander of the early Roman Empire, and personal friend of the emperor Vespasian... |
Natural History, Book V & XXXVI | Geography, mineralogy, monuments, stories |
2nd century
Writer | Work | Comment |
---|---|---|
Claudius Ptolemaeus Ptolemy Claudius Ptolemy , was a Roman citizen of Egypt who wrote in Greek. He was a mathematician, astronomer, geographer, astrologer, and poet of a single epigram in the Greek Anthology. He lived in Egypt under Roman rule, and is believed to have been born in the town of Ptolemais Hermiou in the... |
Geographia Geographia (Ptolemy) The Geography is Ptolemy's main work besides the Almagest... , Book IV |
Geography, placenames & locations |
Tacitus Tacitus Publius Cornelius Tacitus was a senator and a historian of the Roman Empire. The surviving portions of his two major works—the Annals and the Histories—examine the reigns of the Roman Emperors Tiberius, Claudius, Nero and those who reigned in the Year of the Four Emperors... |
Annals Annals (Tacitus) The Annals by Tacitus is a history of the reigns of the four Roman Emperors succeeding Caesar Augustus. The surviving parts of the Annals extensively cover most of the reigns of Tiberius and Nero. The title Annals was probably not given by Tacitus, but derives from the fact that he treated this... |
Egyptian information all over the work |
Tacitus Tacitus Publius Cornelius Tacitus was a senator and a historian of the Roman Empire. The surviving portions of his two major works—the Annals and the Histories—examine the reigns of the Roman Emperors Tiberius, Claudius, Nero and those who reigned in the Year of the Four Emperors... |
Histories Histories (Tacitus) Histories is a book by Tacitus, written c. 100–110, which covers the Year of Four Emperors following the downfall of Nero, the rise of Vespasian, and the rule of the Flavian Dynasty up to the death of Domitian.thumb|180px|Tacitus... |
Egyptian information all over the work |
3rd century
Writer | Work | Comment |
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Pausanias Pausanias (geographer) Pausanias was a Greek traveler and geographer of the 2nd century AD, who lived in the times of Hadrian, Antoninus Pius and Marcus Aurelius. He is famous for his Description of Greece , a lengthy work that describes ancient Greece from firsthand observations, and is a crucial link between classical... |
Description of Greece | Egyptian information detailed all over the work |
Philostratus Philostratus Philostratus or Lucius Flavius Philostratus , , called "the Athenian", was a Greek sophist of the Roman imperial period. His father was a minor sophist of the same name. He was born probably around 172, and is said by the Suda to have been living in the reign of emperor Philip the Arab . His death... |
Life of Apollonius of Tyana, Book V & VI | Travel of Apollonius of Tyana Apollonius of Tyana Apollonius of Tyana was a Greek Neopythagorean philosopher from the town of Tyana in the Roman province of Cappadocia in Asia Minor. Little is certainly known about him... in Egypt & Ethiopia |
16th century
Writer | Work | Comment |
---|---|---|
André Thévet André Thévet André de Thevet was a French Franciscan priest, explorer, cosmographer and writer who travelled to Brazil in the 16th century... |
Cosmographie de Levant (1554) | Travel writing |
Joos van Ghistele Joos van Ghistele Joos van Ghistele was a Flemish nobleman who spent four years travelling around in the Middle East and southern Europe, including Italy, Greece, the Balkans, Tunisia, the Levant, Egypt and the Red Sea all the way down to Aden.His accounts were edited by Ambrosius Zeebout Priestre and posthumously... |
Tvoyage Mher Joos van Ghistele (1557) | Travel writing |
Jacques de Villamont | Les Voyages du Seigneur de Villamont (1598), Volume 3 | Travel writing |
17th century
Writer | Work | Comment |
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George Sandys George Sandys George Sandys was an English traveller, colonist and poet.-Life:He was born in Bishopsthorpe, the seventh and youngest son of Edwin Sandys, archbishop of York. He studied at St Mary Hall, Oxford, but took no degree... |
Relation of a Journey begun An. Dom. 1610 (1615) | Travel writing |
Athanasius Kircher Athanasius Kircher Athanasius Kircher was a 17th century German Jesuit scholar who published around 40 works, most notably in the fields of oriental studies, geology, and medicine... |
Prodromus coptus sive aegyptiacus (1636) | Grammar, language, linguistics |
Athanasius Kircher Athanasius Kircher Athanasius Kircher was a 17th century German Jesuit scholar who published around 40 works, most notably in the fields of oriental studies, geology, and medicine... |
Lingua aegyptiaca restituta (1643) | Grammar, language, linguistics |
John Greaves John Greaves John Greaves was an English mathematician, astronomer and antiquary.-Life:He was born in Colemore, near Alresford, Hampshire. He was the eldest son of John Greaves, rector of Colemore, and Sarah Greaves... |
Pyramidographia (1646) | Survey of the Egyptian pyramids |
Athanasius Kircher Athanasius Kircher Athanasius Kircher was a 17th century German Jesuit scholar who published around 40 works, most notably in the fields of oriental studies, geology, and medicine... |
Oedipus Aegyptiacus Oedipus Aegyptiacus Oedipus Aegyptiacus is Athanasius Kircher's supreme work of Egyptology.The three full folio tomes of ornate illustrations and diagrams were published in Rome over the period 1652–54... (1652–1655) |
Egyptian hieroglyphs Egyptian hieroglyphs Egyptian hieroglyphs were a formal writing system used by the ancient Egyptians that combined logographic and alphabetic elements. Egyptians used cursive hieroglyphs for religious literature on papyrus and wood... |
François de La Boullaye-Le Gouz François de La Boullaye-Le Gouz François de La Boullaye-Le Gouz , was a French aristocrat and extensive traveller.He published a French-language travelogue, enriched with firsthand accounts of India, Persia, Greece, the Middle East, Denmark, Germany, Netherlands, England, Ireland, and Italy... |
Les Voyages et Observations (1653) | Travel writing |
Melchisédech Thévenot Melchisédech Thévenot Melchisédech Thévenot was a French author, scientist, traveler, cartographer, orientalist, inventor, and diplomat... |
Relations de Divers Voyages Curieux (1663) | Travel writing |
Jean de Thévenot Jean de Thévenot Jean de Thévenot was a French traveller in the East, who wrote extensively about his journeys. He was also a linguist, natural scientist and botanist.... |
Relation d'un voyage fait au Levant (1664) | Travel writing |
Balthasar de Monconys Balthasar de Monconys Balthasar de Monconys was a French traveller, diplomat, physicist and magistrate, who left a diary, which was published by his son as Journal des voyages de Monsieur de Monconys, Conseiller du Roy en ses Conseils d’Estat & Privé, & Lieutenant Criminel au Siège Presidial de Lyon, 2 vols., Lyon,... |
Journal des voyages (1665) | Travel writing |
Athanasius Kircher Athanasius Kircher Athanasius Kircher was a 17th century German Jesuit scholar who published around 40 works, most notably in the fields of oriental studies, geology, and medicine... |
Sphinx mystagoga (1676) | Burial practices, reincarnation, inscriptions |
Johann Michael Vansleb Johann Michael Vansleb Johann Michael Vansleb was a German theologian, linguist and Egypt traveller. He converted to Catholicism and was a member of the Dominican Order from 1666.... |
Nouvelle Relation En forme de Iournal, D´vn Voyage Fait en Egypte (1677) | Travel writing, studies, Copt Copt The Copts are the native Egyptian Christians , a major ethnoreligious group in Egypt.... community |
Cornelis de Bruijn Cornelis de Bruijn Cornelis de Bruijn was a Dutch artist and traveler. He made two large tours and published illustrated books with his observations of people, buildings, plants and animals.- Biography :... |
Reizen van Cornelis de Bruyn door de vermaardste Deelen van Klein Asia (1698) | Travel writing, studies |
18th century
Writer | Work | Comment |
---|---|---|
Paul Lucas Paul Lucas (traveller) Paul Lucas was a French merchant, naturalist, physician and antiquarian to King Louis XIV. He travelled extensively in Greece, Turkey, the Levant and Egypt, in three major voyages , and .... |
Voyage du Sieur paul Lucas au Levant (1704) | Travel writing |
Simon Ockley Simon Ockley Simon Ockley was a British Orientalist.-Biography:Ockley was born at Exeter. He was educated at Queens' College, Cambridge, and graduated B.A. in 1697, MA. in 1701, and B.D. in 1710. He became fellow of Jesus College and vicar of Swavesey, and in 1711 was chosen Adams Professor of Arabic in the... |
The History of the Saracen Empires (1708 & 1718) | History |
Paul Lucas Paul Lucas (traveller) Paul Lucas was a French merchant, naturalist, physician and antiquarian to King Louis XIV. He travelled extensively in Greece, Turkey, the Levant and Egypt, in three major voyages , and .... |
Voyage du Sieur Paul Lucas, fait en 1714 (1719) | Travel writing |
Benoît de Maillet Benoît de Maillet Benoît de Maillet was a well-travelled French diplomat and natural historian. He was French consul general at Cairo, and overseer in the Levant... Jean-Baptiste Le Mascrier |
Description de l'Égypte (1735) | Studies, memories from Egypt |
Richard Pococke Richard Pococke Richard Pococke was an English prelate and anthropologist. He was Protestant Bishop of Ossory and Meath , both dioceses of the Church of Ireland... |
A Description of the East and Some other Countries (1743) | Travel writing, studies |
Granger (Tourtechot) Granger (Tourtechot) Granger , was a French physician and traveller, with a major interest in natural history.According to the preface of the only work attributed to him, his real name was Tourtechot, and for reasons not explained he changed it to Granger. Granger or Tourtechot is presumably his surname... |
Relation du voyage fait en Egypte (1745) | Travel writing, studies |
Frederic Louis Norden Frederic Louis Norden Frederic Louis Norden was a Danish naval captain and explorer.Also known as Frederick, Frederik, Friderick, Ludwig, Ludvig and Lewis, the name used on the first publication of his famous Voyage d'Egypte et de Nubie is Frederic Louis Norden. His name is often shortened F. L... |
Voyage d'Egypte et de Nubie Voyage d'Egypte et de Nubie Voyage d'Egypte et de Nubie records Frederic Louis Norden's extensive documentation and drawings of his voyage though Egypt in 1737-1738... (1755) |
Travel writing, studies |
Claude-Étienne Savary Claude-Étienne Savary Claude-Étienne Savary was an orientalist, pioneer of Egyptology and translator of the Qur'an.... |
Lettres sur l’Égypte (1785–1786) | Travel writing, studies and fiction |
Constantin François de Chassebœuf, comte de Volney Constantin-François Chassebœuf Constantin François de Chassebœuf, comte de Volney was a French philosopher, historian, orientalist, and politician... |
Voyage en Egypte et en Syrie (1787) | Travel writing, studies |
James Bruce James Bruce James Bruce was a Scottish traveller and travel writer who spent more than a dozen years in North Africa and Ethiopia, where he traced the origins of the Blue Nile.-Youth:... |
Travels to Discover the Source of the Nile Travels to Discover the Source of the Nile Travels to Discover the Source of the Nile, In the Years 1768, 1769, 1770, 1771, 1772 and 1773 is a multi-volume account of the Scottish traveller James Bruce of his journeys in the Horn of Africa, which includes an eye-witness account of Ethiopian history and culture, as well as a description of... (1790) |
Travel writing, studies |
Charles-Nicolas-Sigisbert Sonnini de Manoncourt Charles-Nicolas-Sigisbert Sonnini de Manoncourt Charles-Nicolas-Sigisbert Sonnini de Manoncourt was a French naturalist. Between 1799 to 1808 he wrote 127 volumes of the Histoire naturelle. Noteworthy among these, especially for herpetologists, is Histoire naturelle des Reptiles, avec figures desinées d'après nature, in four volumes, which he... |
Voyage dans la haute et basse Égypte (1798) | Travel writing, studies |
William George Browne William George Browne William George Browne was an English traveller.Browne was born at Great Tower Hill, London. At seventeen he was sent to Oriel College, Oxford. Having had a moderate inheritance left him by his father, on quitting the university he applied himself entirely to literary pursuits... |
Travels in Africa, Egypt, and Syria (1799) | Travel writing |