List of MeSH codes (C06)
Encyclopedia
The following is a list of the "C" codes for MeSH
Mesh
Mesh consists of semi-permeable barrier made of connected strands of metal, fiber, or other flexible/ductile material. Mesh is similar to web or net in that it has many attached or woven strands.-Types of mesh:...

. It is a product of the United States National Library of Medicine
United States National Library of Medicine
The United States National Library of Medicine , operated by the United States federal government, is the world's largest medical library. Located in Bethesda, Maryland, the NLM is a division of the National Institutes of Health...

.

Source for content is here. (File "2006 MeSH Trees".)

--- bile duct diseases

--- bile duct neoplasms --- common bile duct neoplasms --- biliary atresia
Biliary atresia
Biliary atresia, also known as "extrahepatic ductopenia" and "progressive obliterative cholangiopathy" is a congenital or acquired disease of the liver and one of the principle forms of chronic rejection of a transplanted liver allograft. As a birth defect in newborn infants, it has an occurrence...

 --- choledochal cyst --- caroli disease
Caroli disease
Caroli disease is a rare inherited disorder characterized by dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ducts. There are two types of Caroli disease, the most common being the simple, or isolated case where the bile ducts are widened by ectasia. The second, more complex, cause is commonly known as Caroli...

 --- cholestasis
Cholestasis
In medicine, cholestasis is a condition where bile cannot flow from the liver to the duodenum. The two basic distinctions are an obstructive type of cholestasis where there is a mechanical blockage in the duct system such as can occur from a gallstone or malignancy and metabolic types of...

 --- cholestasis, extrahepatic --- cholestasis, intrahepatic --- alagille syndrome
Alagille syndrome
Alagille syndrome is a genetic disorder that affects the liver, heart, kidney, and other systems of the body. Problems associated with the disorder generally become evident in infancy or early childhood...

 --- liver cirrhosis, biliary --- cholangitis --- cholangitis, sclerosing --- common bile duct diseases --- biliary dyskinesia
Biliary dyskinesia
Biliary dyskinesia refers to altered tonus of the sphincter of Oddi , disturbance in the coordination of contraction of the biliary ducts, and/or reduction in the speed of emptying of the biliary tree....

 --- sphincter of oddi dysfunction
Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction
Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction refers to two motility conditions affecting the Sphincter of Oddi; papillary stenosis and sphincter of Oddi dyskinesia...

 --- choledocholithiasis --- common bile duct neoplasms

--- biliary tract neoplasms

--- bile duct neoplasms --- common bile duct neoplasms --- gallbladder neoplasms

--- cholelithiasis

--- cholecystolithiasis --- choledocholithiasis

--- gallbladder diseases

--- cholecystitis
Cholecystitis
-Signs and symptoms:Cholecystitis usually presents as a pain in the right upper quadrant. This is known as biliary colic. This is initially intermittent, but later usually presents as a constant, severe pain. During the initial stages, the pain may be felt in an area totally separate from the site...

 --- acalculous cholecystitis --- cholecystitis, acute --- emphysematous cholecystitis --- cholecystolithiasis --- gallbladder neoplasms

--- esophageal fistula

--- tracheoesophageal fistula
Tracheoesophageal fistula
A tracheoesophageal fistula is an abnormal connection between the esophagus and the trachea...


--- intestinal fistula

--- rectal fistula --- rectovaginal fistula
Rectovaginal fistula
A rectovaginal fistula is a medical condition where there is a fistula or abnormal connection between the rectum and the vagina. Rectovaginal fistula may be extremely debilitating. If the opening between the rectum and vagina is wide it will allow both flatulence and feces to escape through the...


--- biliary tract neoplasms

--- bile duct neoplasms --- common bile duct neoplasms --- gallbladder neoplasms

--- gastrointestinal neoplasms

--- esophageal neoplasms --- gastrointestinal stromal tumors --- intestinal neoplasms
Intestinal neoplasms
Intestinal neoplasms can refer to:* Small intestine cancer* Colorectal cancer...

 --- cecal neoplasms --- appendiceal neoplasms --- colorectal neoplasms --- colonic neoplasms --- adenomatous polyposis coli --- gardner syndrome --- sigmoid neoplasms --- colorectal neoplasms, hereditary nonpolyposis --- rectal neoplasms --- anus neoplasms --- anal gland neoplasms --- duodenal neoplasms --- ileal neoplasms --- immunoproliferative small intestinal disease --- jejunal neoplasms --- stomach neoplasms --- zollinger-ellison syndrome
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
Zollinger–Ellison syndrome is a triad of gastric acid hypersecretion, severe peptic ulceration, and non-beta cell islet tumor of pancreas . In this syndrome increased levels of the hormone gastrin are produced, causing the stomach to produce excess hydrochloric acid. Often the cause is a tumor of...


--- liver neoplasms

--- adenoma, liver cell --- carcinoma, hepatocellular --- liver neoplasms, experimental

--- pancreatic neoplasms

--- adenoma, islet cell --- insulinoma
Insulinoma
An insulinoma is a tumour of the pancreas that is derived from beta cells and secretes insulin.Beta cells secrete insulin in response to increases in blood glucose. The resulting increase in insulin acts to lower blood glucose back to normal levels at which point further secretion of insulin is...

 --- carcinoma, islet cell --- gastrinoma
Gastrinoma
A gastrinoma is a tumor in the pancreas or duodenum that secretes excess of gastrin leading to ulceration in the duodenum, stomach and the small intestine. There is hypersecretion of the HCl in the duodenum which causes the ulcers...

 --- glucagonoma
Glucagonoma
A glucagonoma is a rare tumor of the alpha cells of the pancreas that results in up to a 1000-fold overproduction of the hormone glucagon. Alpha cell tumors are commonly associated with glucagonoma syndrome, though similar symptoms are present in cases of pseudoglucagonoma syndrome in the absence...

 --- somatostatinoma
Somatostatinoma
Somatostatinoma is a tumor of the delta cells of the endocrine pancreas that produces somatostatin.It is associated with diabetes mellitus and abnormal glucose tolerance.Triad of : Mild Diabetes mellitus, Steatorrhoea, Gall stones...

 --- vipoma
VIPoma
A VIPoma is a rare endocrine tumor, usually originating in the pancreas, that produces vasoactive intestinal peptide ....

 --- carcinoma, pancreatic ductal

--- esophageal diseases

--- barrett esophagus --- deglutition disorders --- esophageal motility disorders --- crest syndrome
CREST syndrome
The limited cutaneous form of systemic scleroderma is often referred to as CREST syndrome. "CREST" is an acronym for the five main features:* Calcinosis* Raynaud's syndrome* Esophageal dysmotility* Sclerodactyly* Telangiectasia...

 --- esophageal achalasia --- esophageal spasm, diffuse --- gastroesophageal reflux --- plummer-vinson syndrome
Plummer-Vinson syndrome
Plummer–Vinson syndrome , also called Paterson–Brown–Kelly syndrome or sideropenic dysphagia presents as a triad of dysphagia , glossitis, and iron deficiency anemia...

 --- diverticulosis, esophageal --- esophageal and gastric varices --- esophageal atresia
Esophageal atresia
Esophageal atresia is a congenital medical condition which affects the alimentary tract. It causes the esophagus to end in a blind-ended pouch rather than connecting normally to the stomach. It comprises a variety of congenital anatomic defects that are caused by an abnormal embryological...

 --- esophageal cyst --- esophageal fistula --- tracheoesophageal fistula
Tracheoesophageal fistula
A tracheoesophageal fistula is an abnormal connection between the esophagus and the trachea...

 --- esophageal neoplasms --- esophageal perforation --- mallory-weiss syndrome
Mallory-Weiss syndrome
Mallory–Weiss syndrome or gastro-esophageal laceration syndrome refers to bleeding from tears in the mucosa at the junction of the stomach and esophagus, usually caused by severe retching, coughing, or vomiting.-Causes:...

 --- esophageal stenosis --- esophagitis
Esophagitis
Esophagitis is inflammation of the esophagus. It may be acute or chronic. The acute esophagitis can be catarrhal or phlegmonous, whereas the chronic esophagitis may be hypertrophic or atrophic.-Infectious:...

 --- esophagitis, peptic

--- gastroenteritis
Gastroenteritis
Gastroenteritis is marked by severe inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract involving both the stomach and small intestine resulting in acute diarrhea and vomiting. It can be transferred by contact with contaminated food and water...

--- appendicitis
Appendicitis
Appendicitis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the appendix. It is classified as a medical emergency and many cases require removal of the inflamed appendix, either by laparotomy or laparoscopy. Untreated, mortality is high, mainly because of the risk of rupture leading to...

 --- cholera morbus --- colitis
Colitis
In medicine, colitis refers to an inflammation of the colon and is often used to describe an inflammation of the large intestine .Colitides may be acute and self-limited or chronic, i.e...

 --- colitis, ischemic --- colitis, microscopic --- colitis, collagenous --- colitis, lymphocytic --- colitis, ulcerative --- proctocolitis
Proctocolitis
Proctocolitis is a general term for inflammation of the rectum and colon.-Etiology:Common etiologic agents of proctocolitis include Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, HSV, and Campylobacter species....

 --- dysentery
Dysentery
Dysentery is an inflammatory disorder of the intestine, especially of the colon, that results in severe diarrhea containing mucus and/or blood in the faeces with fever and abdominal pain. If left untreated, dysentery can be fatal.There are differences between dysentery and normal bloody diarrhoea...

 --- dysentery, amebic --- dysentery, bacillary --- enteritis
Enteritis
In medicine, enteritis, from Greek words enteron and suffix -itis , refers to inflammation of the small intestine. It is most commonly caused by the ingestion of substances contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms. Symptoms include abdominal pain, cramping, diarrhea, dehydration and fever...

 --- duodenitis
Duodenitis
Duodenitis is inflammation of the duodenum. It may persist acutely or chronically.-Causes:Known causes of duodenitis include:* Bacterial infection * Gastroesophageal reflux disease* Viral infection* NSAIDs...

 --- ileitis
Ileitis
Ileitis is an inflammation of the ileum, a portion of the small intestine. Crohn's ileitis is a type of Crohn's disease affecting the ileum. Ileitis is caused by the bacteria Lawsonia intracellularis....

 --- pouchitis
Pouchitis
Pouchitis is inflammation of the ileal pouch, which is created in the management of patients with ulcerative colitis, indeterminate colitis, or, rarely, other colitides....

 --- enterocolitis
Enterocolitis
Enterocolitis is an inflammation of the colon and small intestine. However, most conditions are categorized as one or the other of the following:* Enteritis is the inflammation of the small intestine...

 --- enterocolitis, necrotizing --- enterocolitis, neutropenic --- enterocolitis, pseudomembranous --- esophagitis
Esophagitis
Esophagitis is inflammation of the esophagus. It may be acute or chronic. The acute esophagitis can be catarrhal or phlegmonous, whereas the chronic esophagitis may be hypertrophic or atrophic.-Infectious:...

 --- esophagitis, peptic --- gastritis
Gastritis
Gastritis is an inflammation of the lining of the stomach, and has many possible causes. The main acute causes are excessive alcohol consumption or prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin or ibuprofen. Sometimes gastritis develops after major surgery, traumatic...

 --- gastritis, atrophic --- gastritis, hypertrophic --- inflammatory bowel diseases --- colitis, ulcerative --- crohn disease --- mucositis
Mucositis
Mucositis is the painful inflammation and ulceration of the mucous membranes lining the digestive tract, usually as an adverse effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatment for cancer. Mucositis can occur anywhere along the gastrointestinal tract, but oral mucositis refers to the particular...

 --- proctitis
Proctitis
Proctitis is an inflammation of the anus and the lining of the rectum, affecting only the last 6 inches of the rectum.-Overview:Symptoms are ineffectual straining to empty the bowels, diarrhea, rectal bleeding and possible discharge, a feeling of not having adequately emptied the bowels,...

 --- proctocolitis
Proctocolitis
Proctocolitis is a general term for inflammation of the rectum and colon.-Etiology:Common etiologic agents of proctocolitis include Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, HSV, and Campylobacter species....


--- gastrointestinal neoplasms

--- esophageal neoplasms --- gastrointestinal stromal tumors --- intestinal neoplasms
Intestinal neoplasms
Intestinal neoplasms can refer to:* Small intestine cancer* Colorectal cancer...

 --- cecal neoplasms --- appendiceal neoplasms --- colorectal neoplasms --- colonic neoplasms --- adenomatous polyposis coli --- gardner syndrome --- sigmoid neoplasms --- colorectal neoplasms, hereditary nonpolyposis --- rectal neoplasms --- anus neoplasms --- anal gland neoplasms --- duodenal neoplasms --- ileal neoplasms --- immunoproliferative small intestinal disease --- jejunal neoplasms --- stomach neoplasms --- zollinger-ellison syndrome
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
Zollinger–Ellison syndrome is a triad of gastric acid hypersecretion, severe peptic ulceration, and non-beta cell islet tumor of pancreas . In this syndrome increased levels of the hormone gastrin are produced, causing the stomach to produce excess hydrochloric acid. Often the cause is a tumor of...


--- hernia
Hernia
A hernia is the protrusion of an organ or the fascia of an organ through the wall of the cavity that normally contains it. A hiatal hernia occurs when the stomach protrudes into the mediastinum through the esophageal opening in the diaphragm....

--- hernia, abdominal --- gastroschisis
Gastroschisis
Gastroschisis represents a congenital defect characterized by a defect in the anterior abdominal wall through which the abdominal contents freely protrude. There is no overlying sac and the size of the defect is usually less than 4 cm...

 --- hernia, femoral --- hernia, inguinal --- hernia, ventral --- hernia, umbilical --- hernia, diaphragmatic --- hernia, diaphragmatic, traumatic --- hernia, hiatal --- hernia, obturator

--- intestinal diseases

--- cecal diseases --- appendicitis
Appendicitis
Appendicitis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the appendix. It is classified as a medical emergency and many cases require removal of the inflamed appendix, either by laparotomy or laparoscopy. Untreated, mortality is high, mainly because of the risk of rupture leading to...

 --- cecal neoplasms --- appendiceal neoplasms --- colonic diseases --- colitis
Colitis
In medicine, colitis refers to an inflammation of the colon and is often used to describe an inflammation of the large intestine .Colitides may be acute and self-limited or chronic, i.e...

 --- colitis, ischemic --- colitis, microscopic --- colitis, collagenous --- colitis, lymphocytic --- colitis, ulcerative --- proctocolitis
Proctocolitis
Proctocolitis is a general term for inflammation of the rectum and colon.-Etiology:Common etiologic agents of proctocolitis include Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, HSV, and Campylobacter species....

 --- colonic diseases, functional --- colonic pseudo-obstruction --- irritable bowel syndrome
Irritable bowel syndrome
Irritable bowel syndrome is a diagnosis of exclusion. It is a functional bowel disorder characterized by chronic abdominal pain, discomfort, bloating, and alteration of bowel habits in the absence of any detectable organic cause. In some cases, the symptoms are relieved by bowel movements...

 --- colorectal neoplasms --- colonic neoplasms --- adenomatous polyposis coli --- gardner syndrome --- sigmoid neoplasms --- colorectal neoplasms, hereditary nonpolyposis --- diverticulosis, colonic --- diverticulitis, colonic --- megacolon
Megacolon
Megacolon is an abnormal dilation of the colon . The dilatation is often accompanied by a paralysis of the peristaltic movements of the bowel...

 --- hirschsprung disease --- megacolon, toxic --- sigmoid diseases --- proctocolitis
Proctocolitis
Proctocolitis is a general term for inflammation of the rectum and colon.-Etiology:Common etiologic agents of proctocolitis include Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, HSV, and Campylobacter species....

 --- sigmoid neoplasms --- duodenal diseases --- duodenal neoplasms --- duodenal obstruction --- superior mesenteric artery syndrome
Superior mesenteric artery syndrome
Superior mesenteric artery syndrome is a very rare, life-threatening gastro-vascular disorder characterized by a compression of the third portion of the duodenum by the abdominal aorta and the overlying superior mesenteric artery...

 --- duodenitis
Duodenitis
Duodenitis is inflammation of the duodenum. It may persist acutely or chronically.-Causes:Known causes of duodenitis include:* Bacterial infection * Gastroesophageal reflux disease* Viral infection* NSAIDs...

 --- duodenogastric reflux --- peptic ulcer
Peptic ulcer
A peptic ulcer, also known as PUD or peptic ulcer disease, is the most common ulcer of an area of the gastrointestinal tract that is usually acidic and thus extremely painful. It is defined as mucosal erosions equal to or greater than 0.5 cm...

 --- duodenal ulcer --- peptic ulcer perforation --- dysentery
Dysentery
Dysentery is an inflammatory disorder of the intestine, especially of the colon, that results in severe diarrhea containing mucus and/or blood in the faeces with fever and abdominal pain. If left untreated, dysentery can be fatal.There are differences between dysentery and normal bloody diarrhoea...

 --- dysentery, amebic --- dysentery, bacillary --- enteritis
Enteritis
In medicine, enteritis, from Greek words enteron and suffix -itis , refers to inflammation of the small intestine. It is most commonly caused by the ingestion of substances contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms. Symptoms include abdominal pain, cramping, diarrhea, dehydration and fever...

 --- duodenitis
Duodenitis
Duodenitis is inflammation of the duodenum. It may persist acutely or chronically.-Causes:Known causes of duodenitis include:* Bacterial infection * Gastroesophageal reflux disease* Viral infection* NSAIDs...

 --- ileitis
Ileitis
Ileitis is an inflammation of the ileum, a portion of the small intestine. Crohn's ileitis is a type of Crohn's disease affecting the ileum. Ileitis is caused by the bacteria Lawsonia intracellularis....

 --- pouchitis
Pouchitis
Pouchitis is inflammation of the ileal pouch, which is created in the management of patients with ulcerative colitis, indeterminate colitis, or, rarely, other colitides....

 --- enterocolitis
Enterocolitis
Enterocolitis is an inflammation of the colon and small intestine. However, most conditions are categorized as one or the other of the following:* Enteritis is the inflammation of the small intestine...

 --- enterocolitis, necrotizing --- enterocolitis, neutropenic --- enterocolitis, pseudomembranous --- hiv enteropathy --- ileal diseases --- ileal neoplasms --- ileitis
Ileitis
Ileitis is an inflammation of the ileum, a portion of the small intestine. Crohn's ileitis is a type of Crohn's disease affecting the ileum. Ileitis is caused by the bacteria Lawsonia intracellularis....

 --- pouchitis
Pouchitis
Pouchitis is inflammation of the ileal pouch, which is created in the management of patients with ulcerative colitis, indeterminate colitis, or, rarely, other colitides....

 --- inflammatory bowel diseases --- colitis, ulcerative --- crohn disease --- intestinal atresia
Intestinal atresia
Intestinal atresia is a malformation where there is a narrowing or absence of a portion of the intestine. This defect can either occur in the small or large intestine.-Types of intestinal atresia:...

 --- intestinal diseases, parasitic --- anisakiasis --- balantidiasis
Balantidiasis
Balantidiasis is a protozoan infection caused by infection with Balantidium coli.-Symptoms:Symptoms can be local due to involvement of the intestinal mucosa, or systemic in nature and include either diarrhea or constipation.-Treatment:...

 --- blastocystis infections --- cryptosporidiosis
Cryptosporidiosis
Cryptosporidiosis, also known as crypto, is a parasitic disease caused by Cryptosporidium, a protozoan parasite in the phylum Apicomplexa. It affects the intestines of mammals and is typically an acute short-term infection...

 --- dientamoebiasis
Dientamoebiasis
Dientamoebiasis is a medical condition caused by infection with Dientamoeba fragilis. Dientamoeba fragilis is a single celled parasite that infects the lower gastrointestinal tract of humans...

 --- dysentery, amebic --- giardiasis
Giardiasis
Giardiasis or beaver fever in humans is a diarrheal infection of the small intestine by a single-celled organism Giardia lamblia. Giardiasis occurs worldwide with a prevalence of 20–30% in developing countries. In the U.S., 20,000 cases are reported to the CDC annually, but the true annual...

 --- intestinal fistula --- rectal fistula --- rectovaginal fistula
Rectovaginal fistula
A rectovaginal fistula is a medical condition where there is a fistula or abnormal connection between the rectum and the vagina. Rectovaginal fistula may be extremely debilitating. If the opening between the rectum and vagina is wide it will allow both flatulence and feces to escape through the...

 --- intestinal neoplasms
Intestinal neoplasms
Intestinal neoplasms can refer to:* Small intestine cancer* Colorectal cancer...

 --- cecal neoplasms --- appendiceal neoplasms --- colorectal neoplasms --- colonic neoplasms --- adenomatous polyposis coli --- gardner syndrome --- sigmoid neoplasms --- colorectal neoplasms, hereditary nonpolyposis --- rectal neoplasms --- anus neoplasms --- anal gland neoplasms --- duodenal neoplasms --- ileal neoplasms --- immunoproliferative small intestinal disease --- jejunal neoplasms --- intestinal obstruction --- afferent loop syndrome --- duodenal obstruction --- fecal impaction
Fecal impaction
A fecal impaction is a solid, immobile bulk of human feces that can develop in the rectum as a result of chronic constipation.-Symptoms:Symptoms include chronic constipation. There can be fecal incontinence and paradoxical or overflow diarrhea as liquid stool passes around the obstruction. ...

 --- ileus
Ileus
Ileus is a disruption of the normal propulsive ability of the gastrointestinal tract.Ileus is commonly defined simply as bowel obstruction. However, authoritative sources define it as decreased motor activity of the GI tract due to non-mechanical causes...

 --- intestinal pseudo-obstruction --- colonic pseudo-obstruction --- intestinal volvulus --- intussusception
Intussusception
Intussusception may refer to:* Intussusception * Intussusception...

 --- intestinal perforation --- intestinal polyposis --- adenomatous polyposis coli --- gardner syndrome --- peutz-jeghers syndrome
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
Peutz–Jeghers syndrome, also known as hereditary intestinal polyposis syndrome, is an autosomal dominant genetic disease characterized by the development of benign hamartomatous polyps in the gastrointestinal tract and hyperpigmented macules on the lips and oral mucosa...

 --- jejunal diseases --- jejunal neoplasms --- malabsorption syndromes --- blind loop syndrome
Blind loop syndrome
Blind loop syndrome, also known as Stagnant loop syndrome, is a medical condition that occurs when the intestine is obstructed, slowing or stopping the progress of digested food, and thus facilitating the growth of bacteria to the point that problems in nutrient absorption occur.-Physiology:The...

 --- celiac disease --- lactose intolerance
Lactose intolerance
Lactose intolerance, also called lactase deficiency or hypolactasia, is the inability to digest and metabolize lactose, a sugar found in milk...

 --- short bowel syndrome
Short bowel syndrome
Short bowel syndrome is a malabsorption disorder caused by the surgical removal of the small intestine, or rarely due to the complete dysfunction of a large segment of bowel. Most cases are acquired, although some children are born with a congenital short bowel...

 --- sprue, tropical --- steatorrhea
Steatorrhea
Steatorrhea is the presence of excess fat in feces. Stools may also float due to excess lipid, have an oily appearance and be especially foul-smelling. An oily anal leakage or some level of fecal incontinence may occur. There is increased fat excretion, which can be measured by determining the...

 --- whipple disease --- mesenteric vascular occlusion --- pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis --- protein-losing enteropathies --- rectal diseases --- anus diseases --- anus neoplasms --- anal gland neoplasms --- fissure in ano --- pruritus ani
Pruritus ani
Pruritus ani is the irritation of the skin at the exit of the rectum, known as the anus, causing the desire to scratch. The intensity of anal itching increases from moisture, pressure, and rubbing caused by clothing and sitting...

 --- colorectal neoplasms --- rectal neoplasms --- anus neoplasms --- anal gland neoplasms --- fecal incontinence
Fecal incontinence
Fecal incontinence is the loss of regular control of the bowels. Involuntary excretion and leaking are common occurrences for those affected. Subjects relating to defecation are often socially unacceptable, thus those affected may be beset by feelings of shame and humiliation...

 --- hemorrhoids --- proctitis
Proctitis
Proctitis is an inflammation of the anus and the lining of the rectum, affecting only the last 6 inches of the rectum.-Overview:Symptoms are ineffectual straining to empty the bowels, diarrhea, rectal bleeding and possible discharge, a feeling of not having adequately emptied the bowels,...

 --- proctocolitis
Proctocolitis
Proctocolitis is a general term for inflammation of the rectum and colon.-Etiology:Common etiologic agents of proctocolitis include Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, HSV, and Campylobacter species....

 --- rectal fistula --- rectovaginal fistula
Rectovaginal fistula
A rectovaginal fistula is a medical condition where there is a fistula or abnormal connection between the rectum and the vagina. Rectovaginal fistula may be extremely debilitating. If the opening between the rectum and vagina is wide it will allow both flatulence and feces to escape through the...

 --- rectal prolapse
Rectal prolapse
Rectal prolapse normally describes a medical condition wherein the walls of the rectum protrude through the anus and hence become visible outside the body.-Types:There are three chief conditions which come under the title rectal prolapse:...

 --- rectocele
Rectocele
A rectocele results from a tear in the rectovaginal septum . Rectal tissue bulges through this tear and into the vagina as a hernia...

 --- zollinger-ellison syndrome
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
Zollinger–Ellison syndrome is a triad of gastric acid hypersecretion, severe peptic ulceration, and non-beta cell islet tumor of pancreas . In this syndrome increased levels of the hormone gastrin are produced, causing the stomach to produce excess hydrochloric acid. Often the cause is a tumor of...


--- peptic ulcer
Peptic ulcer
A peptic ulcer, also known as PUD or peptic ulcer disease, is the most common ulcer of an area of the gastrointestinal tract that is usually acidic and thus extremely painful. It is defined as mucosal erosions equal to or greater than 0.5 cm...

--- duodenal ulcer --- esophagitis, peptic --- peptic ulcer perforation --- stomach ulcer --- zollinger-ellison syndrome
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
Zollinger–Ellison syndrome is a triad of gastric acid hypersecretion, severe peptic ulceration, and non-beta cell islet tumor of pancreas . In this syndrome increased levels of the hormone gastrin are produced, causing the stomach to produce excess hydrochloric acid. Often the cause is a tumor of...


--- stomach diseases

--- achlorhydria
Achlorhydria
Achlorhydria or hypochlorhydria refers to states where the production of gastric acid in the stomach is absent or low, respectively. It is associated with various other medical problems.-Signs and symptoms:...

 --- diverticulosis, stomach --- duodenogastric reflux --- bile reflux --- gastric antral vascular ectasia
Gastric antral vascular ectasia
*Please note that Wikipedia does not give medical advice, and that the information in this article is intended to be solely for informational purposes....

 --- gastric dilatation --- gastric outlet obstruction
Gastric outlet obstruction
Gastric outlet obstruction is a medical condition where there is an obstruction at the level of the pylorus, which is the outlet of the stomach. Individuals with gastric outlet obstruction will often have recurrent vomiting of food that has accumulated in the stomach, but which cannot pass into...

 --- pyloric stenosis
Pyloric stenosis
Pyloric stenosis is a condition that causes severe vomiting in the first few months of life. There is narrowing of the opening from the stomach to the intestines, due to enlargement of the muscle surrounding this opening , which spasms when the stomach empties...

 --- pyloric stenosis, hypertrophic --- gastritis
Gastritis
Gastritis is an inflammation of the lining of the stomach, and has many possible causes. The main acute causes are excessive alcohol consumption or prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin or ibuprofen. Sometimes gastritis develops after major surgery, traumatic...

 --- gastritis, atrophic --- gastritis, hypertrophic --- gastroparesis
Gastroparesis
Gastroparesis, also called delayed gastric emptying, is a medical condition consisting of a paresis of the stomach, resulting in food remaining in the stomach for a longer period of time than normal. Normally, the stomach contracts to move food down into the small intestine for digestion. The...

 --- peptic ulcer
Peptic ulcer
A peptic ulcer, also known as PUD or peptic ulcer disease, is the most common ulcer of an area of the gastrointestinal tract that is usually acidic and thus extremely painful. It is defined as mucosal erosions equal to or greater than 0.5 cm...

 --- peptic ulcer perforation --- stomach ulcer --- postgastrectomy syndromes --- dumping syndrome --- stomach neoplasms --- stomach rupture --- stomach volvulus --- zollinger-ellison syndrome
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
Zollinger–Ellison syndrome is a triad of gastric acid hypersecretion, severe peptic ulceration, and non-beta cell islet tumor of pancreas . In this syndrome increased levels of the hormone gastrin are produced, causing the stomach to produce excess hydrochloric acid. Often the cause is a tumor of...


--- tuberculosis, gastrointestinal

--- cholestasis, intrahepatic

--- alagille syndrome
Alagille syndrome
Alagille syndrome is a genetic disorder that affects the liver, heart, kidney, and other systems of the body. Problems associated with the disorder generally become evident in infancy or early childhood...

 --- liver cirrhosis, biliary

--- fatty liver
Fatty liver
Fatty liver, also known as fatty liver disease , is a reversible condition where large vacuoles of triglyceride fat accumulate in liver cells via the process of steatosis...

--- fatty liver, alcoholic --- reye syndrome

--- hepatic insufficiency

--- liver failure
Liver failure
Acute liver failure is the appearance of severe complications rapidly after the first signs of liver disease , and indicates that the liver has sustained severe damage . The complications are hepatic encephalopathy and impaired protein synthesis...

 --- hepatic encephalopathy
Hepatic encephalopathy
Hepatic encephalopathy is the occurrence of confusion, altered level of consciousness and coma as a result of liver failure. In the advanced stages it is called hepatic coma or coma hepaticum...

 --- liver failure, acute --- massive hepatic necrosis

--- hepatic veno-occlusive disease
Hepatic veno-occlusive disease
Hepatic veno-occlusive disease or veno-occlusive disease is a condition in which some of the small veins in the liver are blocked. It is a complication of high-dose chemotherapy given before a bone marrow transplant and is marked by weight gain due to fluid retention, increased liver size, and...

--- hepatitis
Hepatitis
Hepatitis is a medical condition defined by the inflammation of the liver and characterized by the presence of inflammatory cells in the tissue of the organ. The name is from the Greek hepar , the root being hepat- , meaning liver, and suffix -itis, meaning "inflammation"...

--- hepatitis, alcoholic --- hepatitis, animal --- hepatitis, viral, animal --- hepatitis, infectious canine --- rift valley fever
Rift Valley fever
Rift Valley Fever is a viral zoonosis causing fever. It is spread by the bite of infected mosquitoes, typically the Aedes or Culex genera. The disease is caused by the RVF virus, a member of the genus Phlebovirus...

 --- hepatitis, chronic --- hepatitis, autoimmune --- hepatitis b, chronic --- hepatitis c, chronic --- hepatitis, chronic, drug-induced --- hepatitis d, chronic --- hepatitis, toxic --- hepatitis, chronic, drug-induced --- hepatitis, viral, human --- hepatitis a
Hepatitis A
Hepatitis A is an acute infectious disease of the liver caused by the hepatitis A virus , an RNA virus, usually spread the fecal-oral route; transmitted person-to-person by ingestion of contaminated food or water or through direct contact with an infectious person...

 --- hepatitis b --- hepatitis b, chronic --- hepatitis c
Hepatitis C
Hepatitis C is an infectious disease primarily affecting the liver, caused by the hepatitis C virus . The infection is often asymptomatic, but chronic infection can lead to scarring of the liver and ultimately to cirrhosis, which is generally apparent after many years...

 --- hepatitis c, chronic --- hepatitis d
Hepatitis D
Hepatitis D, also referred to as hepatitis D virus and classified as Hepatitis delta virus, is a disease caused by a small circular enveloped RNA virus. It is one of five known hepatitis viruses: A, B, C, D, and E. HDV is considered to be a subviral satellite because it can propagate only in the...

 --- hepatitis d, chronic --- hepatitis e
Hepatitis E
Hepatitis E is a viral hepatitis caused by infection with a virus called hepatitis E virus . HEV is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA icosahedral virus with a 7.5 kilobase genome. HEV has a fecal-oral transmission route. It is one of five known hepatitis viruses: A, B, C, D, and E...


--- hepatolenticular degeneration

--- hypertension, portal

--- esophageal and gastric varices

--- liver abscess
Liver abscess
A liver abscess is a pus-filled mass inside the liver. Common causes are abdominal infections such as appendicitis or diverticulitis due to haematogenous spread through the portal vein...

--- liver abscess, amebic --- liver abscess, pyogenic

--- liver cirrhosis

--- liver cirrhosis, alcoholic --- liver cirrhosis, biliary --- liver cirrhosis, experimental

--- liver diseases, alcoholic

--- fatty liver, alcoholic --- hepatitis, alcoholic --- liver cirrhosis, alcoholic

--- liver diseases, parasitic

--- echinococcosis, hepatic --- fascioliasis
Fascioliasis
Fasciolosis also known as Fascioliasis, Fasciolasis, distomatosis and liver rot, is an important helminth disease caused by two trematodes Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica. This disease belongs to the plant-borne trematode zoonoses. In Europe, the Americas and Oceania only F...

 --- liver abscess, amebic

--- liver neoplasms

--- adenoma, liver cell --- carcinoma, hepatocellular --- liver neoplasms, experimental

--- porphyrias, hepatic

--- coproporphyria, hereditary --- porphyria, acute intermittent --- porphyria cutanea tarda
Porphyria cutanea tarda
Porphyria cutanea tarda is the most common subtype of porphyria. The disorder results from low levels of the enzyme responsible for the fifth step in heme production. Heme is a vital molecule for all of the body's organs...

 --- porphyria, hepatoerythropoietic --- porphyria, variegate --- protoporphyria, erythropoietic

--- exocrine pancreatic insufficiency
Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency
Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency is the inability to properly digest food due to a lack of digestive enzymes made by the pancreas. This disease is found frequently in dogs. EPI is also found in humans afflicted with cystic fibrosis and Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome. EPI is caused by a progressive...

--- pancreatic cyst

--- pancreatic pseudocyst
Pancreatic pseudocyst
A pancreatic pseudocyst is a circumscribed collection of fluid rich in pancreatic enzymes, blood, and necrotic tissue, typically located in the lesser sac of the abdomen....


--- pancreatic neoplasms

--- adenoma, islet cell --- insulinoma
Insulinoma
An insulinoma is a tumour of the pancreas that is derived from beta cells and secretes insulin.Beta cells secrete insulin in response to increases in blood glucose. The resulting increase in insulin acts to lower blood glucose back to normal levels at which point further secretion of insulin is...

 --- carcinoma, islet cell --- gastrinoma
Gastrinoma
A gastrinoma is a tumor in the pancreas or duodenum that secretes excess of gastrin leading to ulceration in the duodenum, stomach and the small intestine. There is hypersecretion of the HCl in the duodenum which causes the ulcers...

 --- glucagonoma
Glucagonoma
A glucagonoma is a rare tumor of the alpha cells of the pancreas that results in up to a 1000-fold overproduction of the hormone glucagon. Alpha cell tumors are commonly associated with glucagonoma syndrome, though similar symptoms are present in cases of pseudoglucagonoma syndrome in the absence...

 --- somatostatinoma
Somatostatinoma
Somatostatinoma is a tumor of the delta cells of the endocrine pancreas that produces somatostatin.It is associated with diabetes mellitus and abnormal glucose tolerance.Triad of : Mild Diabetes mellitus, Steatorrhoea, Gall stones...

 --- vipoma
VIPoma
A VIPoma is a rare endocrine tumor, usually originating in the pancreas, that produces vasoactive intestinal peptide ....

 --- carcinoma, pancreatic ductal

--- pancreatitis
Pancreatitis
Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas. It occurs when pancreatic enzymes that digest food are activated in the pancreas instead of the small intestine. It may be acute – beginning suddenly and lasting a few days, or chronic – occurring over many years...

--- pancreatitis, acute necrotizing --- pancreatitis, alcoholic --- pancreatitis, chronic

--- mesenteric vascular occlusion

--- peritoneal neoplasms

--- mesenteric cyst

--- peritonitis
Peritonitis
Peritonitis is an inflammation of the peritoneum, the serous membrane that lines part of the abdominal cavity and viscera. Peritonitis may be localised or generalised, and may result from infection or from a non-infectious process.-Abdominal pain and tenderness:The main manifestations of...

--- peritonitis, tuberculous --- subphrenic abscess
Subphrenic abscess
Subphrenic abscess is a disease characterized by an accumulation of infected fluid between the diaphragm, the liver and the spleen. This abscess develops after surgical operations for bowel perforation. It is also associated with peritonitis....

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