Justicia
Encyclopedia
Flowering plant
The flowering plants , also known as Angiospermae or Magnoliophyta, are the most diverse group of land plants. Angiosperms are seed-producing plants like the gymnosperms and can be distinguished from the gymnosperms by a series of synapomorphies...
s in the bear's breeches family, Acanthaceae
Acanthaceae
The family Acanthaceae is a taxon of dicotyledonous flowering plants containing almost 250 genera and about 2500 species....
. The roughly 420 species it contains are native to tropical
Tropics
The tropics is a region of the Earth surrounding the Equator. It is limited in latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the northern hemisphere at approximately N and the Tropic of Capricorn in the southern hemisphere at S; these latitudes correspond to the axial tilt of the Earth...
to warm temperate
Temperate
In geography, temperate or tepid latitudes of the globe lie between the tropics and the polar circles. The changes in these regions between summer and winter are generally relatively moderate, rather than extreme hot or cold...
regions of the Americas
Americas
The Americas, or America , are lands in the Western hemisphere, also known as the New World. In English, the plural form the Americas is often used to refer to the landmasses of North America and South America with their associated islands and regions, while the singular form America is primarily...
, with two species occurring north into cooler temperate regions. Common names include water-willow and shrimp plant, the latter from the inflorescence
Inflorescence
An inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a stem that is composed of a main branch or a complicated arrangement of branches. Strictly, it is the part of the shoot of seed plants where flowers are formed and which is accordingly modified...
s, which resemble a shrimp
Shrimp
Shrimp are swimming, decapod crustaceans classified in the infraorder Caridea, found widely around the world in both fresh and salt water. Adult shrimp are filter feeding benthic animals living close to the bottom. They can live in schools and can swim rapidly backwards. Shrimp are an important...
in some species. The generic name honours Scottish horticulturist James Justice (1698-1763).
Selected species
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Justicia flaviflora Justicia flaviflora is a species of herbaceous plant in the family Acanthaceae. The species is endemic to the island of Trinidad in the Caribbean republic of Trinidad and Tobago. Specifically, it is only known from several locations in the Heights of Aripo, one of the highest points in Trinidad's... (Turrill) Wassh. Justicia galapagana Justicia galapagana is a species of plant in the Acanthaceae family. It is endemic to Ecuador.-Source:* Tye, A. 2000. . Downloaded on 22 August 2007.... Lindau Justicia gendarussa Justicia gendarussa, commonly known as willow-leaved justicia , is a small erect, branched shrub, endemic to India.It is useful in asthma, rheumatism and colics of children. It may have the potential to be the basis for a birth control pill for men. Clinical tests are being conducted in Indonesia.... Justicia genistiformis Justicia genistiformis is a plant native of Cerrado vegetation of Brazil.-See also:* List of plants of Cerrado vegetation of Brazil... Nees Justicia ianthina Justicia ianthina is a species of plant in the Acanthaceae family. It is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.-Source:... Wassh. Justicia irwinii Justicia irwinii is a plant native of Cerrado vegetation of Brazil.... Wassh. Justicia japonica Justicia japonica is a flowering plant species in the genus Justicia.-External links:*... Thunb. Carl Peter Thunberg Carl Peter Thunberg aka Carl Pehr Thunberg aka Carl Per Thunberg was a Swedish naturalist and an apostle of Carl Linnaeus. He has been called "the father of South African botany" and the "Japanese Linnaeus".... Justicia lanstyakii Justicia lanstyakii is a plant native of Cerrado vegetation of Brazil.-See also:* List of plants of Cerrado vegetation of Brazil... Rizzini Justicia leucoxiphos Justicia leucoxiphos is a species of plant in the Acanthaceae family. It is endemic to Cameroon. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.-Source:... Vollesen et al. in prep. Justicia nervata Justicia nervata is a plant native of Atlantic Forest vegetation of Brazil.-See also:* List of plants of Atlantic Forest vegetation of Brazil... (Lindau) Profice Justicia nodicaulis Justicia nodicaulis is a plant native of Cerrado vegetation of Brazil.... Nees Justicia orbicularis Justicia orbicularis is a species of plant in the Acanthaceae family. It is found in Cameroon and Nigeria. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.-Source:... (Lindau) V.A.W.Graham Justicia pectoralis Justicia pectoralis is a herb of the Acanthus family . This water-willow is widely known as tilo in Latin America. In Haiti it is called chapantye and zeb chapantyè on Dominica and Martinique... Jacq. Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin Nikolaus Joseph Freiherr von Jacquin or Baron Nikolaus von Jacquin. was a scientist who studied medicine, chemistry and botany.... Justicia procumbens Justicia procumbens, commonly known as Water Willow, is a small plant endemic to India.The juice of leaves is squeezed in the eyes in case of ophthalmia.... Joseph Franz von Jacquin Joseph Franz Freiherr von Jacquin or Baron Joseph von Jacquin. was an Austrian scientist who studied medicine, chemistry zoology and botany.... Justicia polita Justicia angustifolia is a plant native of Atlantic Forest vegetation of Brazil.-References:* This plant is part of the list of plants of Atlantic Forest vegetation of Brazil... Nees Profice |
Justicia procumbens Justicia procumbens, commonly known as Water Willow, is a small plant endemic to India.The juice of leaves is squeezed in the eyes in case of ophthalmia.... Justicia pycnophylla Justicia pycnophylla is a plant native of Cerrado vegetation of Brazil.-External links:... Lindau Justicia rigida Justicia rigida is a species of plant in the Acanthaceae family. It is endemic to Yemen. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry shrubland and subtropical or tropical dry lowland grassland.... Balf.f. Justicia riopalenquensis Justicia riopalenquensis is a species of plant in the Acanthaceae family. It is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montanes. It is threatened by habitat loss.... Wassh. Justicia riparia Justicia riparia is a plant native of Cerrado vegetation of Brazil.... C.Kameyama Justicia rizzinii Justicia rizzinii is a plant native of Brazilian vegetation.-External links:*... Wassh. Justicia sarithroides Justicia sarithroides is a plant native of Cerrado vegetation of Brazil.... Lindau Justicia serrana Justicia serrana is a plant native of Cerrado vegetation of Brazil.... C.Kameyama Justicia spicigera Justicia spicigera is an evergreen shrub with tubular orange flowers. The species is native to Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico and Nicaragua.-References:*... Schltdl. Diederich Franz Leonhard von Schlechtendal Diederich von Schlechtendal was a German botanist born in Xanten. He was Professor of Botany and Director of the Botanical Gardens at the Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg from 1833 until his death in 1866, and Editor of the botanical journal Linnaea.His most important work was in... Justicia takhinensis Justicia takhinensis is a species of plant in the Acanthaceae family. It is endemic to Yemen. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry shrubland.-Source:* Miller, A. 2004. . Downloaded on 22 August 2007.... R.Atkinson Justicia tobagensis Justicia tobagensis is a species of plant in the family Acanthaceae which is endemic to Trinidad and Tobago. The species is only known from two areas in the Main Ridge of Tobago... (Urb.) Wassh. Justicia tocantina Justicia tocantina is a plant native to Argentine, and Cerrado vegetation of Brazil. This plant is cited in Flora Brasiliensis by Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius.... (Nees) V.A.W.Graham Justicia umbrosa Justicia umbrosa is an ornamental shrub native of Cerrado vegetation of Brazil. This plant may be propagated by herbaceous stem cutting, and it can usually get to 1,50 - 2,50 m tall... Benth. George Bentham George Bentham CMG FRS was an English botanist, characterized by Duane Isely as "the premier systematic botanist of the nineteenth century".- Formative years :... Justicia warmingii Justicia warmingii is a plant native of Cerrado vegetation of Brazil.... Hiern |
Justicia americana (American Water-willow), is native to eastern North America
North America
North America is a continent wholly within the Northern Hemisphere and almost wholly within the Western Hemisphere. It is also considered a northern subcontinent of the Americas...
north to southern Ontario
Ontario
Ontario is a province of Canada, located in east-central Canada. It is Canada's most populous province and second largest in total area. It is home to the nation's most populous city, Toronto, and the nation's capital, Ottawa....
; it is the hardiest species in the genus, hardy to USDA Plant Zone 4. Justicia ovata (Looseflower Water-willow) occurs nearly as far north, reaching Michigan
Michigan
Michigan is a U.S. state located in the Great Lakes Region of the United States of America. The name Michigan is the French form of the Ojibwa word mishigamaa, meaning "large water" or "large lake"....
.
Justicia brandegeeana (formerly Beloperone guttata, commonly called Shrimp Plant) is native to Mexico
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
. It is hardy to −4 °C but will often recover in the spring after freezing back in USDA Plant Zone 8a.
Justicia carnea (formerly Jacobinia carnea, common names including Brazilian Plume Flower, Flamingo Flower, and Jacobinia) is native to South America
South America
South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...
in southern Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
, Paraguay
Paraguay
Paraguay , officially the Republic of Paraguay , is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to the east and northeast, and Bolivia to the northwest. Paraguay lies on both banks of the Paraguay River, which runs through the center of the...
and northern Argentina
Argentina
Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...
. It is hardy to −2 °C but will often recover in the spring after freezing back in USDA Plant Zone 8a.
Justicia procumbens is procumbent herb with angular stems, swollen at nodes, small ovate leaves, small purple flowers in terminal spikes, inserted didynamous stamens, and shortly bilobed stigmas.