Jan Kozietulski

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Jan Kozietulski

Baron Jan Leon Hipolit Kozietulski (1781-1821) was a Polish

Poland

Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe. Poland is bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian Enclave and exclave, to the north....
noble

Szlachta

Szlachta refers to the nobility social class in the Kingdom of Poland , the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the increasingly polonized territories under their control ....
, military commander and an officer

Officer (armed forces)

An officer is a member of an Armed forces who holds a position of authority.Commissioned officers derive authority directly from a sovereignty power and, as such, hold a Letters patent charging them with the duties and responsibilities of a specific office or position....
of the armed forces of the Duchy of Warsaw

Duchy of Warsaw

The Duchy of Warsaw was a Poland state established by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1807 from the Polish lands ceded by the Kingdom of Prussia under the terms of the Treaties of Tilsit....
during the Napoleonic Wars

Napoleonic Wars

The Napoleonic Wars were a series of conflicts involving Napoleon I of France First French Empire and changing sets of European allies and opposing coalitions that ran from 1803 to 1815....
. He is best remembered as a heroic commander of the Polish cavalry charge during the Battle of Somosierra

Battle of Somosierra

At the Battle of Somosierra a heavily outnumbered Spanish force failed to prevent Napoleon I of France from capturing Madrid in the Peninsular War....
.

Jan Leon Hipolit Kozietulski was born July 4, 1781 in Skierniewice

Skierniewice

Skierniewice [] is a town in central Poland with 49,132 inhabitants , situated in the L?dz Voivodship , previously capital of Skierniewice Voivodship ....
in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

The Polish?Lithuanian Commonwealth was one of the largest and most populous countries in 16th and 17th-century Europe, formed by a Union of Lublin of Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1569....
. A friend of Wincenty Krasinski

Wincenty Krasinski

Count Wincenty Krasinski was a Poland nobleman , political activist and military leader.His military career began at the age of eight in 1791 in the National cavalry....
, Kozietulski joined the Warsaw Honour Guard, with which he took part in the Battle of Pultusk

Battle of Pultusk

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Encyclopedia

Baron Jan Leon Hipolit Kozietulski (1781-1821) was a Polish

Poland

Szlachta

Officer (armed forces)

Duchy of Warsaw

Napoleonic Wars

Battle of Somosierra

Skierniewice

Skierniewice [] is a town in central Poland with 49,132 inhabitants , situated in the L?dz Voivodship , previously capital of Skierniewice Voivodship ....
in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

Wincenty Krasinski

Battle of Pultusk

The Battle of Pultusk took place on December 26 1806 during the Napoleonic Wars near Pultusk, Poland. 35,000 Imperial Russia soldiers with 128 guns under Levin August, Count von Bennigsen resisted the attacks of 25,000 First French Empire soldiers under Jean Lannes, and withdrew the next day....
and the Battle of Preussisch Eylau. A distinguished cavalryman, in April 1807 he became the commanding officer of the 3rd Squadron of the Polish 1st Light Cavalry Regiment of the Imperial Guard

Imperial Guard

The Imperial Guard was originally a small group of elite soldiers of the La Grande Armee under the direct command of Napoleon I, but grew considerably over time....
, commanded by Krasinski. In March 1808, Kozietulski reached Spain with his unit, where he took part in the Peninsular War

Peninsular War

The Peninsular War or Spanish War of Independence was a contest between First French Empire and the allied powers of Spain, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and Kingdom of Portugal for control of the Iberian Peninsula during the Napoleonic Wars....
.

During the Battle of Somosierra

Battle of Somosierra

At the Battle of Somosierra a heavily outnumbered Spanish force failed to prevent Napoleon I of France from capturing Madrid in the Peninsular War....
, Kozietulski was the commander who led the Polish cavalry against the Spanish artillery and infantry. Although not the only commander present during the charge, he was credited with the victory after the battle and in Poland remains the best-known veteran of that campaign. He was also one of 18 Poles to be awarded the French Legion of Honour after the battle. Following the Peninsular War

Peninsular War

Battle of Wagram

In the Battle of Wagram Napoleon I of France's First French Empire forces defeated Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen Austrian Empire army, near Vienna, effectively bringing the War of the Fifth Coalition to an end....
, where he led the Polish cavalry unit against other Polish cavalry units fighting alongside the Austria

Austria

Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It borders both Germany and the Czech Republic to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west....
ns. For his merits, in 1811 he became a baron

Baron

Baron is a specific title of nobility. The word baron comes from Old French baron, itself from Old High German and latin baro meaning " man, warrior"; it merged with cognate Old English language beorn meaning "nobleman."...
of the empire.

During Napoleon's invasion of Russia, Kozietulski again distinguished himself as a skilled commander during the Battle of Maloyaroslavets

Battle of Maloyaroslavets

The Battle of Maloyaroslavets took place on October 24 1812, between the Russians, under Mikhail Illarionovich Kutuzov, and part of the corps of Eug?ne de Beauharnais, Napoleon Bonaparte stepson, under General Delzons which numbered about 20,000 strong....
of October 25, 1812, where he saved the life of Napoleon himself, by charging between Bonaparte and the assaulting Cossack

Cossack

The term Cossacks is applied to specific militaristic communities of various ethnicities living in the southern steppe regions of Ukraine and Russia....
s. His uniform, pierced with a lance and stained with blood, is preserved to this day in the Museum of the Polish Army in Warsaw

Warsaw

Warsaw is the Capital and World's largest cities of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River roughly from both the Baltic Sea coast and the Carpathian Mountains....
. After recovering from his wounds he returned to active service and took part in all major battles of Napoleonic 1813 campaign in Saxony

Saxony

The Free State of Saxony is a States of Germany of Germany. Located in the southeastern part of present-day Germany. It is the tenth-largest German state in area and the sixth largest in population , of Germany's sixteen states....
. He also took part in the Battle of Nations

Battle of Leipzig

The Battle of Leipzig or Battle of the Nations, fought on 16?19 October, 1813, was one of the most decisive defeats suffered by Napoleon Bonaparte....
. In 1814 he was made the commander of the French 3rd Scout Regiment of the Imperial Guard

Imperial Guard

The Imperial Guard was originally a small group of elite soldiers of the La Grande Armee under the direct command of Napoleon I, but grew considerably over time....
.

After Napoleon's defeat, Kozietulski returned to the Russian-held Polish Kingdom, where he became commander of the Polish 4th Uhlan Regiment

Uhlan

Uhlans were Polish light cavalry armed with lances, sabres and pistols. The title was later used by lancer regiments in the Prussian and Austro-Hungarian Empire armies....
. He died February 3, 1821 in Warsaw

Warsaw

Warsaw is the Capital and World's largest cities of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River roughly from both the Baltic Sea coast and the Carpathian Mountains....
.

Awards

Virtuti Militari
Virtuti Militari

The Order Virtuti Militari is Poland's highest military decoration for courage in the face of the enemy. It was created in 1792) by King of Poland Stanislaus II of Poland and is considered as one of the oldest military decorations in the world still in use....
Légion d'honneur
Légion d'honneur

The L?gion d'honneur or Ordre national de la L?gion d'honneur is a France order established by Napoleon I of France, First Consul of the French First Republic, on May 19, 1802....
, awarded on December 13, 1809
Krzyz Walecznych
Krzyz Walecznych

The Cross of Valor is a Poland military decoration. It was first introduced by the Council for the Defense of the State on August 11, 1920. It is awarded to an individual who "has demonstrated deeds of valor and courage on the battlefield." It may be awarded to the same person up to four times....