James Knox
Encyclopedia
James Robert Knox was a Roman Catholic cardinal and former Prefect of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments
.
Knox was born in Bayswater
within the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Perth
in Australia
. He was a son of John Knox and Emily Walsh, both of whom were from Ireland
. He was educated at the seminary
at New Norcia and later at the Pontifical Urbanian Athenaeum ("De Propaganda Fide") in Rome
. He was ordained
on 22 December 1941. He served as a staff member of the Vatican Secretariat of State from 1948 until 1950. He was also a staff member of Vatican Radio
for a year between 1949 and 1950. He was Secretary to the apostolic delegate in Japan
form 1950 until 1953. He was created a monsignor
on 22 July 1950.
appointed him Titular Archbishop of Melitene and Apostolic Delegate in British Africa, with his residence in Mombasa
on 20 July 1953. He was consecrated in November of that year in Rome
by Cardinal Celso Costantini. He was Internuncio in India
and apostolic delegate in Burma and Ceylon from 1957. He attended the Second Vatican Council
in Rome.
He was appointed Archbishop of Melbourne
on 13 April 1967. In 1970 he approved the extension of St Patrick's Cathedral's
sanctuary into the transept crossing to provide the space required for the liturgy following the Second Vatican Council
. The new sanctuary worked admirably for the many ceremonies of the 40th International Eucharistic Congress
held in Melbourne in February 1973.
He was created Cardinal-Priest of Santa Maria in Vallicella
in the consistory
of 5 March 1973. He was appointed Prefect of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments
in early 1974. He resigned the pastoral government of the archdiocese on 1 July 1974. In 1978, he took part in the conclave
s that elected Pope John Paul I
and Pope John Paul II
in August and October.
He died in 1983 in Rome, aged 69, and is buried in the crypt of Melbourne's St Patrick's Cathedral.
Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments
The Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments is the congregation of the Roman Curia that handles most affairs relating to liturgical practices of the Latin Catholic Church as distinct from the Eastern Catholic Churches and also some technical matters relating to the...
.
Knox was born in Bayswater
Bayswater, Western Australia
The City of Bayswater is a Local Government Area in the inner northeastern suburbs of the Western Australian capital city of Perth, about northeast of Perth's central business district. The City covers an area of and has a estimated population of 61,865 as at June 2010.-History:The Bayswater Road...
within the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Perth
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Perth
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Perth is a Latin rite metropolitan archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Australia located in Perth and covering the Greater Perth, Goldfields-Esperance, Peel, and Wheatbelt regions of Western Australia....
in Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
. He was a son of John Knox and Emily Walsh, both of whom were from Ireland
Ireland
Ireland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth...
. He was educated at the seminary
Seminary
A seminary, theological college, or divinity school is an institution of secondary or post-secondary education for educating students in theology, generally to prepare them for ordination as clergy or for other ministry...
at New Norcia and later at the Pontifical Urbanian Athenaeum ("De Propaganda Fide") in Rome
Rome
Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...
. He was ordained
Holy Orders
The term Holy Orders is used by many Christian churches to refer to ordination or to those individuals ordained for a special role or ministry....
on 22 December 1941. He served as a staff member of the Vatican Secretariat of State from 1948 until 1950. He was also a staff member of Vatican Radio
Vatican Radio
Vatican Radio is the official broadcasting service of the Vatican.Set up in 1931 by Guglielmo Marconi, today its programs are offered in 47 languages, and are sent out on short wave , medium wave, FM, satellite and the Internet. The Jesuit Order has been charged with the management of Vatican...
for a year between 1949 and 1950. He was Secretary to the apostolic delegate in Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
form 1950 until 1953. He was created a monsignor
Monsignor
Monsignor, pl. monsignori, is the form of address for those members of the clergy of the Catholic Church holding certain ecclesiastical honorific titles. Monsignor is the apocopic form of the Italian monsignore, from the French mon seigneur, meaning "my lord"...
on 22 July 1950.
Episcopate
Pope Pius XIIPope Pius XII
The Venerable Pope Pius XII , born Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli , reigned as Pope, head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of Vatican City State, from 2 March 1939 until his death in 1958....
appointed him Titular Archbishop of Melitene and Apostolic Delegate in British Africa, with his residence in Mombasa
Mombasa
Mombasa is the second-largest city in Kenya. Lying next to the Indian Ocean, it has a major port and an international airport. The city also serves as the centre of the coastal tourism industry....
on 20 July 1953. He was consecrated in November of that year in Rome
Rome
Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...
by Cardinal Celso Costantini. He was Internuncio in India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
and apostolic delegate in Burma and Ceylon from 1957. He attended the Second Vatican Council
Second Vatican Council
The Second Vatican Council addressed relations between the Roman Catholic Church and the modern world. It was the twenty-first Ecumenical Council of the Catholic Church and the second to be held at St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican. It opened under Pope John XXIII on 11 October 1962 and closed...
in Rome.
He was appointed Archbishop of Melbourne
Archdiocese of Melbourne
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Melbourne is a Latin rite metropolitan archdiocese, located in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.Erected initially in 1847 as the Diocese of Melbourne, a suffragan diocese of Archdiocese of Sydney, the diocese was elevated in 1874 as an archdiocese of the...
on 13 April 1967. In 1970 he approved the extension of St Patrick's Cathedral's
St Patrick's Cathedral, Melbourne
St Patrick's Cathedral is the cathedral church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Melbourne in Victoria, Australia, and seat of its archbishop, currently Denis J. Hart. The building is known internationally as a leading example of the Gothic Revival style of architecture.In 1974 Pope Paul VI...
sanctuary into the transept crossing to provide the space required for the liturgy following the Second Vatican Council
Second Vatican Council
The Second Vatican Council addressed relations between the Roman Catholic Church and the modern world. It was the twenty-first Ecumenical Council of the Catholic Church and the second to be held at St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican. It opened under Pope John XXIII on 11 October 1962 and closed...
. The new sanctuary worked admirably for the many ceremonies of the 40th International Eucharistic Congress
International Eucharistic Congress
In the Roman Catholic church, a Eucharistic Congress is a gathering of clergy, religious, and laity to bear witness to the Real Presence of Jesus in the Eucharist, which is an important Roman Catholic doctrine...
held in Melbourne in February 1973.
He was created Cardinal-Priest of Santa Maria in Vallicella
Santa Maria in Vallicella
Santa Maria in Vallicella, also called Chiesa Nuova, is a church in Rome, Italy, which today faces onto the main thoroughfare of the Corso Vittorio Emanuele...
in the consistory
Consistory
-Antiquity:Originally, the Latin word consistorium meant simply 'sitting together', just as the Greek synedrion ....
of 5 March 1973. He was appointed Prefect of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments
Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments
The Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments is the congregation of the Roman Curia that handles most affairs relating to liturgical practices of the Latin Catholic Church as distinct from the Eastern Catholic Churches and also some technical matters relating to the...
in early 1974. He resigned the pastoral government of the archdiocese on 1 July 1974. In 1978, he took part in the conclave
Papal conclave
A papal conclave is a meeting of the College of Cardinals convened to elect a Bishop of Rome, who then becomes the Pope during a period of vacancy in the papal office. The Pope is considered by Roman Catholics to be the apostolic successor of Saint Peter and earthly head of the Roman Catholic Church...
s that elected Pope John Paul I
Pope John Paul I
John Paul I , born Albino Luciani, , reigned as Pope of the Catholic Church and as Sovereign of Vatican City from 26 August 1978 until his death 33 days later. His reign is among the shortest in papal history, resulting in the most recent Year of Three Popes...
and Pope John Paul II
Pope John Paul II
Blessed Pope John Paul II , born Karol Józef Wojtyła , reigned as Pope of the Catholic Church and Sovereign of Vatican City from 16 October 1978 until his death on 2 April 2005, at of age. His was the second-longest documented pontificate, which lasted ; only Pope Pius IX ...
in August and October.
He died in 1983 in Rome, aged 69, and is buried in the crypt of Melbourne's St Patrick's Cathedral.