Institute for Laser Science
Encyclopedia
The Institute for Laser Science
is a department of the University of Electro Communications, located near Tokyo
, Japan
.
, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan. The coordinates are (+35.657952,+139.54128).
Access:
Established in 1980, the Institute specializes mainly in improving the performance of gas laser
s, especially excimer laser
s. Between 1990 and 2005, the Institute developed fiber disk laser
s,
disk laser
(active mirror)
and the concept of power scaling
. Ultra-low loss mirror was developed
aiming application for high power lasers (1995).
Since 2000, its main research directions have been in the areas of solid state lasers, fiber lasers and ceramics. Since then, the Institute has carried out experiments with quantum reflection
of cold excited neon
atoms from silicon
surfaces.
The institute has also performed the first experiments with quantum reflection
of cold atoms from Si surface
and, in particular, ridged mirror
s
for cold atoms and the interpretation as Zeno effect.
In 2004, the Institute developed the first microchip
atomic trap.
is a department of the University of Electro Communications, located near Tokyo
Tokyo
, ; officially , is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan. Tokyo is the capital of Japan, the center of the Greater Tokyo Area, and the largest metropolitan area of Japan. It is the seat of the Japanese government and the Imperial Palace, and the home of the Japanese Imperial Family...
, Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
.
Location
The Institute for Laser Science is located at 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, ChofuChofu, Tokyo
is a city located in the western end of Tokyo Metropolis, Japan. As of 2010, the city has an estimated population of 224,878 and a population density of 10,440 persons per km². The total area was 21.53 km². Tokyo Stadium in Chōfu hosts soccer games for two J. League teams: F.C...
, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan. The coordinates are (+35.657952,+139.54128).
Access:
- By train: Keiō Line, Chofu station (about 20 min from Shinjuku by "express"); exit to North, 5 min walk North until road 20, cross road 20, walk left and enter the campus of University of Electro Communications tgrough the Sei-mon (main gate), walk North and West, pass through the "Naka-mon" (central gate) and walk East; the last building at the left hand side.
- By car: Chuo highwayChuo ExpresswayThe is a national expressway in Japan. It is owned and operated by Central Nippon Expressway Company.-Naming:Officially the expressway is designated as the Chūō Expressway Nishinomiya Route , the Chūō Expressway Nagano Route , and the Chūō Expressway Fujiyoshida Route The (lit. Central...
, Exit "Chofu", (toward Shinjuku), one block East by road 20, then left (North) at the first traffic signal, then first right through "Nishi-mon" (West gate).
- By walking: from Chofu AirportChofu Airportis an airport located northwest Chōfu, Tokyo, Japan, west of central Tokyo. It is administered by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government. The airport's main commercial activity is New Central Airlines commuter flights to the islands south of Tokyo....
, walk East until road 12 and turn right (South); after to cross Nogawa river and then to pass under the Chuo highwayChuo ExpresswayThe is a national expressway in Japan. It is owned and operated by Central Nippon Expressway Company.-Naming:Officially the expressway is designated as the Chūō Expressway Nishinomiya Route , the Chūō Expressway Nagano Route , and the Chūō Expressway Fujiyoshida Route The (lit. Central...
, look left for the "Nishi-mon"(West gate) and enter there. (20 min to walk)
History and achievements
Gas laser
A gas laser is a laser in which an electric current is discharged through a gas to produce coherent light. The gas laser was the first continuous-light laser and the first laser to operate "on the principle of converting electrical energy to a laser light output...
s, especially excimer laser
Excimer laser
An excimer laser is a form of ultraviolet laser which is commonly used in the production of microelectronic devices , eye surgery, and micromachining....
s. Between 1990 and 2005, the Institute developed fiber disk laser
Fiber disk laser
A fiber disk laser is a fiber laser with transverse delivery of the pump light. They are characterized by the pump beam not being parallel to the active core of the optical fiber , but directed to the coil of the fiber at an angle...
s,
disk laser
Disk laser
A disk laser or active mirror is a type of solid-state laser characterized by a heat sink and laser output that are realized on opposite sides of a thin layer of active gain medium...
(active mirror)
and the concept of power scaling
Power scaling
Power scaling of a laser is increasing its output power without changing the geometry, shape, or principle of operation. Power scalability is considered an important advantage in a laser design....
. Ultra-low loss mirror was developed
aiming application for high power lasers (1995).
Since 2000, its main research directions have been in the areas of solid state lasers, fiber lasers and ceramics. Since then, the Institute has carried out experiments with quantum reflection
Quantum reflection
Quantum reflection is a physical phenomenon involving the reflection of a matter wave from an attractive potential. In classical physics, such a phenomenon is not possible; for instance when one magnet is pulled toward another, you do not expect one of the magnets to suddenly Quantum reflection is...
of cold excited neon
Neon
Neon is the chemical element that has the symbol Ne and an atomic number of 10. Although a very common element in the universe, it is rare on Earth. A colorless, inert noble gas under standard conditions, neon gives a distinct reddish-orange glow when used in either low-voltage neon glow lamps or...
atoms from silicon
Silicon
Silicon is a chemical element with the symbol Si and atomic number 14. A tetravalent metalloid, it is less reactive than its chemical analog carbon, the nonmetal directly above it in the periodic table, but more reactive than germanium, the metalloid directly below it in the table...
surfaces.
Quantum reflection
Quantum reflection is a physical phenomenon involving the reflection of a matter wave from an attractive potential. In classical physics, such a phenomenon is not possible; for instance when one magnet is pulled toward another, you do not expect one of the magnets to suddenly Quantum reflection is...
of cold atoms from Si surface
and, in particular, ridged mirror
Ridged mirror
In atomic physics, a ridged mirror is a kind of atomic mirror, designed for the specular reflection of neutral particles coming at the grazing incidence angle, characterised in the following: in order to reduce the mean attraction of particles to the surface and increase the reflectivity, this...
s
for cold atoms and the interpretation as Zeno effect.
Integrated circuit
An integrated circuit or monolithic integrated circuit is an electronic circuit manufactured by the patterned diffusion of trace elements into the surface of a thin substrate of semiconductor material...
atomic trap.
Current research
- Laser scienceLaser scienceLaser science or laser physics is a branch of optics that describes the theory and practice of lasers.Laser science is principally concerned with quantum electronics, laser construction, optical cavity design, the physics of producing a population inversion in laser media, and the temporal...
, solid-state laserSolid-state laserA solid-state laser is a laser that uses a gain medium that is a solid, rather than a liquid such as in dye lasers or a gas as in gas lasers. Semiconductor-based lasers are also in the solid state, but are generally considered as a separate class from solid-state lasers .-Solid-state...
s http://wwwü.ils.uec.ac.jp/Essl.html,
in particular, generation of very short pulses http://www.ils.uec.ac.jp/Ehighintensity.html], fiber laserFiber laserA fiber laser or fibre laser is a laser in which the active gain medium is an optical fiber doped with rare-earth elements such as erbium, ytterbium, neodymium, dysprosium, praseodymium, and thulium. They are related to doped fiber amplifiers, which provide light amplification without lasing...
s - Frequency stabilization, http://www.ils.uec.ac.jp/Egravity.html
- Power scalingPower scalingPower scaling of a laser is increasing its output power without changing the geometry, shape, or principle of operation. Power scalability is considered an important advantage in a laser design....
of disk laserDisk laserA disk laser or active mirror is a type of solid-state laser characterized by a heat sink and laser output that are realized on opposite sides of a thin layer of active gain medium...
s and limits for density of excitations in laser materials. - Application of causalityCausalityCausality is the relationship between an event and a second event , where the second event is understood as a consequence of the first....
and McCumber relationMcCumber relationThe McCumber relation refers to the effective cross-sections of absorption and emission of light in the physics of solid-state lasers.-Definition:...
in physics of laser materials.
- Coherent additionCoherent additionCoherent addition of lasersis one of methods of the power scaling. It allows a to increase the output power and brightness of single-transversal mode laser.Usually, the term coherent addition applies to fiber lasers...
of fiber laserFiber laserA fiber laser or fibre laser is a laser in which the active gain medium is an optical fiber doped with rare-earth elements such as erbium, ytterbium, neodymium, dysprosium, praseodymium, and thulium. They are related to doped fiber amplifiers, which provide light amplification without lasing...
s. - Random laserRandom laserA random laser is a laser that uses a highly disordered gain medium. A random laser uses no optical cavity but the remaining principles of operation remain the same as for a conventional laser...
s
- Self-pulsationSelf-pulsationSelf-pulsation takes place at the beginning of laser action.As the pump is switched on, the gainin the active medium rises and exceeds the steady-state value...
and Q-switchingQ-switchingQ-switching, sometimes known as giant pulse formation, is a technique by which a laser can be made to produce a pulsed output beam. The technique allows the production of light pulses with extremely high peak power, much higher than would be produced by the same laser if it were operating in a...
. - Generation and analysis of multi-charge ions, http://www.ils.uec.ac.jp/EHCI.html,
- Ultra-cold atoms (cooling, trapping, Bose–Einstein condensateBose–Einstein condensateA Bose–Einstein condensate is a state of matter of a dilute gas of weakly interacting bosons confined in an external potential and cooled to temperatures very near absolute zero . Under such conditions, a large fraction of the bosons occupy the lowest quantum state of the external potential, at...
, atom opticsAtom opticsAtom optics is the area of physics which deals with beams of cold, slowly moving neutral atoms, as a special case of a particle beam....
and holographyHolographyHolography is a technique that allows the light scattered from an object to be recorded and later reconstructed so that when an imaging system is placed in the reconstructed beam, an image of the object will be seen even when the object is no longer present...
, quantum reflectionQuantum reflectionQuantum reflection is a physical phenomenon involving the reflection of a matter wave from an attractive potential. In classical physics, such a phenomenon is not possible; for instance when one magnet is pulled toward another, you do not expect one of the magnets to suddenly Quantum reflection is...
and ridged mirrorRidged mirrorIn atomic physics, a ridged mirror is a kind of atomic mirror, designed for the specular reflection of neutral particles coming at the grazing incidence angle, characterised in the following: in order to reduce the mean attraction of particles to the surface and increase the reflectivity, this...
s. - Trapping and fluorescenceFluorescenceFluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation of a different wavelength. It is a form of luminescence. In most cases, emitted light has a longer wavelength, and therefore lower energy, than the absorbed radiation...
of atoms at nanowireNanowireA nanowire is a nanostructure, with the diameter of the order of a nanometer . Alternatively, nanowires can be defined as structures that have a thickness or diameter constrained to tens of nanometers or less and an unconstrained length. At these scales, quantum mechanical effects are important —...
s - Fundamentals of quantum mechanicsQuantum mechanicsQuantum mechanics, also known as quantum physics or quantum theory, is a branch of physics providing a mathematical description of much of the dual particle-like and wave-like behavior and interactions of energy and matter. It departs from classical mechanics primarily at the atomic and subatomic...
with BEC.