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Ili River

 
Ili River

 
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The Ili River (Ile, ; ) is a river
River

A river is a natural stream of water, usually freshwater, flowing toward an ocean, a lake, or another stream. In some cases a river flows into the ground or dries up completely before reaching another body of water....
 in northwestern China
China

China is a Culture of China, an ancient civilization, and, depending on perspective, a national or multinational entity extending over a large area in East Asia....
 (Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture
Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture

Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture , in northernmost Xinjiang, is the only Kazakhs autonomous prefecture of the People's Republic of China....
 of the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region
Xinjiang

Xinjiang is an autonomous region of China of the People's Republic of China. It is a large, sparsely populated area, spanning over 1.6 million sq....
) and southeastern Kazakhstan (the Almaty Province
Almaty Province

Almaty is a provinces of Kazakhstan of Kazakhstan. Its capital is Taldykorgan, which has a population of 118,400. The province itself has 1,603,700 people....
).

It is 1,439 km (870 miles) long, 815 km of which in Kazakhstan. It takes its beginning in eastern Tian Shan
Tian Shan

The Tian Shan , also commonly spelled Tien Shan, is a mountain range located in Central Asia. The Chinese name for Tian Shan or Tien Shan, may in turn go back to a Xiongnu name, qilian reported by the Shiji as the last place where they met and had their baby as in of the Yuezhi, which has been argued to refer to the Tian Shan...
 from the Tekes and Kunges (or Künes) rivers. The Ili River drains the basin between the Tian Shan the Borohoro (P'o-lo-k'o-nu) Mountains to the north.

Flowing into Lake Balkhash
Lake Balkhash

Lake Balkhash is a lake in southeastern Kazakhstan, the second largest in Central Asia after the Aral Sea. It is a Endorheic that is part of the endorheic basin that includes the Caspian Sea and Aral seas....
 it forms a large delta
River delta

A delta is a landform that is created at the mouth of a river where that river flows into an ocean, sea, estuary, lake, reservoir, flat arid area, or another river....
 with vast wetland regions of lakes, marshes and jungle-like vegetation.

upper Ili Valley is separated from the Dzungarian Basin by the Borohoro Mountains.






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Encyclopedia


The Ili River (Ile, ; ) is a river
River

A river is a natural stream of water, usually freshwater, flowing toward an ocean, a lake, or another stream. In some cases a river flows into the ground or dries up completely before reaching another body of water....
 in northwestern China
China

China is a Culture of China, an ancient civilization, and, depending on perspective, a national or multinational entity extending over a large area in East Asia....
 (Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture
Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture

Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture , in northernmost Xinjiang, is the only Kazakhs autonomous prefecture of the People's Republic of China....
 of the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region
Xinjiang

Xinjiang is an autonomous region of China of the People's Republic of China. It is a large, sparsely populated area, spanning over 1.6 million sq....
) and southeastern Kazakhstan (the Almaty Province
Almaty Province

Almaty is a provinces of Kazakhstan of Kazakhstan. Its capital is Taldykorgan, which has a population of 118,400. The province itself has 1,603,700 people....
).

It is 1,439 km (870 miles) long, 815 km of which in Kazakhstan. It takes its beginning in eastern Tian Shan
Tian Shan

The Tian Shan , also commonly spelled Tien Shan, is a mountain range located in Central Asia. The Chinese name for Tian Shan or Tien Shan, may in turn go back to a Xiongnu name, qilian reported by the Shiji as the last place where they met and had their baby as in of the Yuezhi, which has been argued to refer to the Tian Shan...
 from the Tekes and Kunges (or Künes) rivers. The Ili River drains the basin between the Tian Shan the Borohoro (P'o-lo-k'o-nu) Mountains to the north.

Flowing into Lake Balkhash
Lake Balkhash

Lake Balkhash is a lake in southeastern Kazakhstan, the second largest in Central Asia after the Aral Sea. It is a Endorheic that is part of the endorheic basin that includes the Caspian Sea and Aral seas....
 it forms a large delta
River delta

A delta is a landform that is created at the mouth of a river where that river flows into an ocean, sea, estuary, lake, reservoir, flat arid area, or another river....
 with vast wetland regions of lakes, marshes and jungle-like vegetation.

Chinese part

The upper Ili Valley is separated from the Dzungarian Basin by the Borohoro Mountains. The city of Yining
Yining

Yining is a county-level city in western Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region of northwestern China, and the capital of the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture....
 (Kulja) is located on the northern side of the river some 100 km upstream from the international border. Until the early 1900s, the city was commonly known under the same name as the river, ?? (Pinyin: Yili; Wade-Giles
Wade-Giles

Wade-Giles , sometimes abbreviated Wade, is a Romanization system for the Mandarin Chinese language used in Beijing. It developed from a system produced by Thomas Francis Wade in the mid-19th century, and reached settled form with Herbert Giles' Chinese language-English language dictionary of 1892....
: Ili).

On the southern side, even closer to the border, Qapqal Xibe Autonomous County
Qapqal Xibe Autonomous County

Qapqal Xibe Autonomous County in Ili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture in northern Xinjiang is the only Xibe autonomous county of the People's Republic of China....
 is located, which is home to many of the China's Xibe
Xibe

The Xibe are an ethnic group living mostly in northeast China and Xinjiang. They form one of the List of Chinese ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China....
 people. The upper Ili was occupied by Russia from 1871 to 1881, that is, from the Yaqub Beg rebellion to the Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1881)
Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1881)

The Treaty of Saint Petersburg was the treaty between the Russian Empire and the Late Chinese Empire, signed in Saint Petersburg, Russia, on 12 February 1881....
.

Kazakh part

The part of Kazakhstan drained by the Ili and its tributaries is known in Kazakh as Zhetysu ('Seven Rivers') or in Russian as Semirechye (the same meaning).

The Kapchagai Hydroelectric power station was built from 1965 to 1970 in the middle flow of the Ili River, forming the Kapchagay Reservoir - a 110 km lake north of Almaty
Almaty

Almaty is the largest city in Kazakhstan, with a population of 1,348,500 , which represents 9% of the population of the country.It was the capital of Kazakhstan from 1929 to 1998....
.

Tamgaly-Tas, some 20 km downstream along Ili River is a site of rock drawings. The name Tamgaly in Kazakh
Kazakh language

Kazakh is a Turkic languages language closely related to Nogai language and Karakalpak language.Kazakh is an agglutinative language, and it employs vowel harmony....
 means painted or marked place, Tas - stone.

Tributaries include

  • Charyn River, famous for its canyon
    Charyn Canyon

    Charyn Canyon is an 80 km canyon in Kazakhstan on the Charyn River, 200 km east of Almaty, close to the Chinese border. One part of it is known as Valley of Castles for its unusual rock formations....
  • Kash River


Historical connections

Ili river gave a name to Ili river treaty
Ili river treaty

Ili river gave a name to Ili river treaty of 638 CE, which formalized a division of the Turkic Kaganate into Eastern Turkic Khaganate and Western Turkic Kaganates, with the border between two states fixed along the Ili river....
 of 638 CE, which formalized a division of the Turkic Kaganate (552-638 CE) into Western Turkic Kaganate and Eastern Turkic Kaganates, with the border between two states fixed along the Ili river.