Heinrich Hansen
Encyclopedia
Heinrich Hansen was a German
Lutheran
theologian and the father of the Lutheran High Church
movement in Germany.
Hansen was born in Klockries near Lindholm
(Nordfriesland
) as a son of a teacher. In Kiel
and Erlangen he studied theology, Hebrew, Syriac, Arabic
and in particular the Old Testament
under August Klostermann. He worked since 1887 as a pastor in Schleswig-Holstein
: in Reinfeld, Lindholm, on the island Pellworm
, in Kropp
and in Olderup near Husum
.
Hansen wrote Latin hymns and worked on a Low German
Bible translation and published a Low German hymnal. By the study of the old Lutheran theologians, particularly Martin Chemnitz
, and the Roman Catholic
theologian Johann Adam Möhler
, he came to an Evangelical Catholic view about church. In the Reformation
jubilee year of 1917—exactly 100 years after Claus Harms
— Hansen published 95 theses (Stimuli et Clavi
) in Latin and German, as a sharp criticism against contemporary Protestantism
. His theses influenced the foundation of "Hochkirchliche Vereinigung" in October 1918.
Hansen is well-known as a co-founder and the first chairman of Hochkirchliche Vereinigung. He died in Breklum
.
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
Lutheran
Lutheranism
Lutheranism is a major branch of Western Christianity that identifies with the theology of Martin Luther, a German reformer. Luther's efforts to reform the theology and practice of the church launched the Protestant Reformation...
theologian and the father of the Lutheran High Church
High Church Lutheranism
"High Church Lutheranism" is the name given in Europe for the 20th century Lutheran movement that emphasizes worship practices and doctrines that are similar to those found within both Roman Catholicism and the Anglo-Catholic wing of Anglicanism...
movement in Germany.
Hansen was born in Klockries near Lindholm
Risum-Lindholm
Risum-Lindholm is a municipality in the district of Nordfriesland, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.-References:...
(Nordfriesland
Nordfriesland
Nordfriesland, English "Northern Friesland" or "North Frisia", is a district in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It includes almost all of traditional North Frisia along with adjacent areas to the east and south and is bounded by the districts of Schleswig-Flensburg and Dithmarschen, the North Sea and...
) as a son of a teacher. In Kiel
University of Kiel
The University of Kiel is a university in the city of Kiel, Germany. It was founded in 1665 as the Academia Holsatorum Chiloniensis by Christian Albert, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp and has approximately 23,000 students today...
and Erlangen he studied theology, Hebrew, Syriac, Arabic
Arabic language
Arabic is a name applied to the descendants of the Classical Arabic language of the 6th century AD, used most prominently in the Quran, the Islamic Holy Book...
and in particular the Old Testament
Old Testament
The Old Testament, of which Christians hold different views, is a Christian term for the religious writings of ancient Israel held sacred and inspired by Christians which overlaps with the 24-book canon of the Masoretic Text of Judaism...
under August Klostermann. He worked since 1887 as a pastor in Schleswig-Holstein
Province of Schleswig-Holstein
The Province of Schleswig-Holstein was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia and the Free State of Prussia from 1868 to 1946. It was created from the Duchies of Schleswig and Holstein, which had been conquered by Prussia and the Austrian Empire from Denmark in the Second War of Schleswig in 1864...
: in Reinfeld, Lindholm, on the island Pellworm
Pellworm
Pellworm is one of the North Frisian Islands on the North Sea coast of Germany. It is part of the Nordfriesland district in the federal state of Schleswig-Holstein. Its area is 37 km², and its population is roughly 1,200....
, in Kropp
Kropp
Kropp is a municipality in the district of Schleswig-Flensburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated approx. 13 km south of Schleswig.Kropp is the seat of the Amt Kropp-Stapelholm....
and in Olderup near Husum
Husum (Schleswig)
Husum is the capital of the Kreis Nordfriesland in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. The town was the birthplace of the novelist Theodor Storm, who coined the epithet "the grey town by the sea"...
.
Hansen wrote Latin hymns and worked on a Low German
Low German
Low German or Low Saxon is an Ingvaeonic West Germanic language spoken mainly in northern Germany and the eastern part of the Netherlands...
Bible translation and published a Low German hymnal. By the study of the old Lutheran theologians, particularly Martin Chemnitz
Martin Chemnitz
Martin Chemnitz was an eminent second-generation Lutheran theologian, reformer, churchman, and confessor...
, and the Roman Catholic
Roman Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the world's largest Christian church, with over a billion members. Led by the Pope, it defines its mission as spreading the gospel of Jesus Christ, administering the sacraments and exercising charity...
theologian Johann Adam Möhler
Johann Adam Möhler
Johann Adam Möhler was a German Roman Catholic theologian.He was born at Igersheim in Württemberg, and after studying philosophy and theology in the lyceum at Ellwangen, entered the University of Tübingen in 1817. Ordained to the priesthood in 1819, he was appointed to a curacy...
, he came to an Evangelical Catholic view about church. In the Reformation
Protestant Reformation
The Protestant Reformation was a 16th-century split within Western Christianity initiated by Martin Luther, John Calvin and other early Protestants. The efforts of the self-described "reformers", who objected to the doctrines, rituals and ecclesiastical structure of the Roman Catholic Church, led...
jubilee year of 1917—exactly 100 years after Claus Harms
Claus Harms
Claus Harms was a German clergyman and theologian.Harms was born at Fahrstedt in Schleswig-Holstein, and in his youth worked in his father's mill...
— Hansen published 95 theses (Stimuli et Clavi
Stimuli et Clavi
Stimuli et clavi i. e. theses adversus huius temporis errores et abusus: Spieße und Nägel d.i. Streitsätze wider die Irrnisse und Wirrnisse unserer Zeit ....
) in Latin and German, as a sharp criticism against contemporary Protestantism
Protestantism
Protestantism is one of the three major groupings within Christianity. It is a movement that began in Germany in the early 16th century as a reaction against medieval Roman Catholic doctrines and practices, especially in regards to salvation, justification, and ecclesiology.The doctrines of the...
. His theses influenced the foundation of "Hochkirchliche Vereinigung" in October 1918.
Hansen is well-known as a co-founder and the first chairman of Hochkirchliche Vereinigung. He died in Breklum
Breklum
Breklum is a municipality in the district of Nordfriesland, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany....
.
Works
- Die Oden Salomos in dt. Nachdichtungen, 1911;
- Lauda Sion Salvatorem. Cantica Latina, 1913;
- Psalmbook. Dat heet Christelige Leeder för sassische Lüd, 1916 (verm. 19192);
- Stimuli et claviStimuli et ClaviStimuli et clavi i. e. theses adversus huius temporis errores et abusus: Spieße und Nägel d.i. Streitsätze wider die Irrnisse und Wirrnisse unserer Zeit ....
i. e. theses adversus huius temporis errores et abusus. Spieße u. Nägel ... (1917), in: Hochkirche 1, 1919; 8, 1926; 11, 1929; and in: Eine Hl. Kirche, 1957/58; - Die Lehre v. der sichtbaren Kirche in luth. Bedeutung, in: Una Sancta 2, 1926, 386 ff.;
- - Verfall u. Wiederaufbau der Kirche, in: Eine Hl. Kirche 10, 1928, 240 ff. 259 ff.;
- Universale Kirche. Ein Wort z. Nachdenken an alle Christen, in: Hochkirche 16, 1934, 67 ff.;
- Johanneisches Zeitalter, ebd. 21, 1939, 272 ff.;
- Die Ref. in ihrer Bedeutung f. die gesamte Kirche, ebd. 22, 1940/41, 293 ff.