Greenville, Texas
Encyclopedia
Greenville is the county seat
County seat
A county seat is an administrative center, or seat of government, for a county or civil parish. The term is primarily used in the United States....

, and the largest city, of Hunt County
Hunt County, Texas
As of the census of 2000, there were 76,596 people, 28,742 households, and 20,521 families residing in the county. The population density was 91 people per square mile . There were 32,490 housing units at an average density of 39 per square mile...

, Texas
Texas
Texas is the second largest U.S. state by both area and population, and the largest state by area in the contiguous United States.The name, based on the Caddo word "Tejas" meaning "friends" or "allies", was applied by the Spanish to the Caddo themselves and to the region of their settlement in...

, in the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 25,557.

Greenville was named for Thomas J. Green, a general in the Texas Army in the war for independence from Mexico
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...

. He later became a member of the Congress of the Republic of Texas
Republic of Texas
The Republic of Texas was an independent nation in North America, bordering the United States and Mexico, that existed from 1836 to 1846.Formed as a break-away republic from Mexico by the Texas Revolution, the state claimed borders that encompassed an area that included all of the present U.S...

. The city was almost named “Pinckneyville” in honor of James Pinckney Henderson
James Pinckney Henderson
James Pinckney Henderson was a United States and Republic of Texas lawyer, politician, soldier, and the first Governor of the State of Texas....

, the first Governor of Texas.

Geography

Greenville is located at 33°7′34"N 96°6′35"W (33.126004, -96.109703).

According to the United States Census Bureau
United States Census Bureau
The United States Census Bureau is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census. It also gathers other national demographic and economic data...

, the city has a total area of 34.7 square miles (89.9 km²), of which, 33.9 square miles (87.8 km²) of it is land and 0.8 square miles (2.1 km²) of it (2.30%) is water.

History

Greenville was founded in 1846, named for Thomas J. Green, who had played a significant role in the establishment of Texas as a Republic.

As the Civil War approached, Greenville was divided over the issue of secession, as were several area towns and counties. Greenville attorney and State Senator Martin D. Hart was one prominent Unionist. He formed a company of men who fought for the Union in Arkansas, even as other Greenville residents fought for the Confederacy. The divided nature of Greenville, Hunt County and the State of Texas is noted by an historical marker in "The SPOT" Park at 2800 Lee Street in downtown Greenville. In the post-Civil War era, Greenville's economy became partly dependent on cotton
Cotton
Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective capsule, around the seeds of cotton plants of the genus Gossypium. The fiber is almost pure cellulose. The botanical purpose of cotton fiber is to aid in seed dispersal....

, an industry which many local Jews helped develop within the city as the local economy entered a period of transition.

The town was also famous (or infamous) for a sign that hung over Lee Street, the main street in the downtown district, between the train station and the bus station from the 1920s to 1960s. The banner read "Welcome to Greenville, The Blackest Land, The Whitest People". The same sentiment was also printed on the city water tower. An image of the sign was available as a postcard.

In 1957 Greenville annexed Peniel, Texas, which had been founded in 1899 as a religious community.

On May 12, 2011, a white buffalo was born near Greenville, Texas during a thunderstorm on the ranch of Arby Littlesoldier, a great-great grandson of Sitting Bull. A naming ceremony and dedication is scheduled for June 29, 2011 during which the male calf will officially be given the title "Lightening Medicine Cloud." Public ceremonies are now being arranged.

Demographics

As of the census
Census
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...

of 2000, there were 23,960 people, 9,156 households, and 6,171 families residing in the city. The population density
Population density
Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...

 was 706.5 people per square mile (272.8/km²). There were 9,977 housing units at an average density of 294.2 per square mile (113.6/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 69.71% White, 18.86% African American, 0.48% Native American, 0.61% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 8.19% from other races
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...

, and 2.11% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 14.65% of the population.

There were 9,156 households out of which 31.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.4% were married couples living together, 13.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.6% were non-families. 28.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 3.13.

In the city the population was spread out with 27.0% under the age of 18, 9.9% from 18 to 24, 28.2% from 25 to 44, 20.2% from 45 to 64, and 14.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 94.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.5 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $34,606, and the median income for a family was $41,808. Males had a median income of $31,556 versus $22,373 for females. The per capita income
Per capita income
Per capita income or income per person is a measure of mean income within an economic aggregate, such as a country or city. It is calculated by taking a measure of all sources of income in the aggregate and dividing it by the total population...

 for the city was $17,231. About 11.3% of families and 16.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.8% of those under age 18 and 14.4% of those age 65 or over.

Local government

According to the city’s most recent Comprehensive Annual Financial Report Fund Financial Statements, the city’s various funds had $19.9 million in Revenues, $21.7 million in expenditures, $10.1 million in total assets, $1.8 million in total liabilities, and $1.4 million in investments.

The structure of the management and coordination of city services is:
Department Director
City Manager Steven J. Alexander
City Attorney Brent A. Money
City Secretary Debra Newell
Police Chief Daniel J. Busken
Fire Chief Doug Caison
City Planner Lance Estep
Main Street Coordinator Doyle Dick
Finance Director Cliff Copeland
Human Resources Director Barry Robinson
Public Works Director Massoud Ebrahim
Library Director Paul Phelan
Parks & Recreation Director Colby VanGundy

State government

Greenville is represented in the Texas Senate
Texas Senate
The Texas Senate is the upper house of the Texas Legislature. There are 31 members of the Senate, representing 31 single-member districts across the state with populations of approximately 672,000 per constituency. There are no term limits, and each term is four years long. The Senate meets at the...

 by Republican Bob Deuell
Bob Deuell
Bob Deuell, MD is a conservative Republican member of the Texas Senate, representing the 10 counties of Senate District 2 in Northeast Texas, since 2003. He was educated at George Mason University and the Medical College of Virginia in order to become a family physician...

, District 2, and in the Texas House of Representatives
Texas House of Representatives
The Texas House of Representatives is the lower house of the Texas Legislature. The House is composed of 150 members elected from single-member districts across the state. The average district has about 150,000 people. Representatives are elected to two-year terms with no term limits...

 by Republican Dan Flynn, District 2.

The Texas Department of Criminal Justice
Texas Department of Criminal Justice
The Texas Department of Criminal Justice is a department of the government of the state of Texas. The TDCJ is responsible for statewide criminal justice for adult offenders, including managing offenders in state prisons, state jails and private correctional facilities, funding and certain...

 (TDCJ) operates the Greenville District Parole Office in Greenville.

Federal government

At the Federal level, the two U.S. Senators from Texas are Republicans John Cornyn
John Cornyn
John Cornyn, III is the junior United States Senator for Texas, serving since 2003. He is a member of the Republican Party. He was elected Chairman of the National Republican Senatorial Committee for the 111th U.S. Congress....

 and Kay Bailey Hutchison
Kay Bailey Hutchison
Kathryn Ann Bailey Hutchison, known as Kay Bailey Hutchison , is the senior United States Senator from Texas.She is a member of the Republican Party. In 2001, she was named one of the thirty most powerful women in America by Ladies Home Journal. The first woman to represent Texas in the U.S....

; Greenville is part of Texas' US Congressional 4th District, which is currently represented by Republican Ralph M. Hall.

The United States Postal Service
United States Postal Service
The United States Postal Service is an independent agency of the United States government responsible for providing postal service in the United States...

 operates the Greenville, Greenville Finance, and Rolling Hills post offices.

Economy

In early years, Hunt County was known as the cotton
Cotton
Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective capsule, around the seeds of cotton plants of the genus Gossypium. The fiber is almost pure cellulose. The botanical purpose of cotton fiber is to aid in seed dispersal....

 capital of the world. The world's largest inland cotton compress was located in Greenville until it was destroyed by fire in the mid-1900s.

Currently, the largest industry is L-3 Communications Missions Integration
L-3 Communications
L-3 Communications Holdings, Inc. is a company that supplies command and control, communications, intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance systems and products, avionics, ocean products, training devices and services, instrumentation, space, and navigation products. Its customers include...

 (formerly E-Systems, then Raytheon Intelligence and Information Systems (RIIS, IIS)
Raytheon Intelligence and Information Systems
Raytheon Intelligence and Information Systems is a business of Raytheon Company. It is led by Lynn Dugle and its headquarters is located in Garland, Texas, United States...

) a major U.S. Defense contractor located at Majors Airport. This airport, created in 1942 and initially financed by the local Rotary
Rotary International
Rotary International is an organization of service clubs known as Rotary Clubs located all over the world. The stated purpose of the organization is to bring together business and professional leaders to provide humanitarian service, encourage high ethical standards in all vocations, and help...

 club, was used as a training base for P-47 Thunderbolt fighter pilots in World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...

, and since then has served as a focal point for economic growth in Greenville. Greenville is also known internationally for its saddle making industry.

According to the City's 2009 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are:
# Employer # of Employees
1 L-3 Communications
L-3 Communications
L-3 Communications Holdings, Inc. is a company that supplies command and control, communications, intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance systems and products, avionics, ocean products, training devices and services, instrumentation, space, and navigation products. Its customers include...

4,700
2 Presbyterian Hospital 815
3 Greenville Independent School District
Greenville Independent School District
Greenville Independent School District is a public school district based in Greenville, Texas .In 2009, the school district was rated "academically acceptable" by the Texas Education Agency.-High School :* Greenville High School...

810
4 Newell Rubbermaid
Newell Rubbermaid
Newell Rubbermaid is a global marketer of consumer and commercial products including such well-known brands as Rubbermaid food storage, home organization, and refuse container products; Sharpie, PaperMate, Parker and Waterman writing instruments; Calphalon gourmet cookware; Goody beauty and...

650
5 Hunt County 420
>Wal-Mart Supercenter
Wal-Mart
Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. , branded as Walmart since 2008 and Wal-Mart before then, is an American public multinational corporation that runs chains of large discount department stores and warehouse stores. The company is the world's 18th largest public corporation, according to the Forbes Global 2000...

363
7 McKesson
McKesson
McKesson Corporation is the largest health care company in the world, with sales of $106.6 billion in 2009.McKesson is based in the United States and distributes health care systems, medical supplies and pharmaceutical products...

300
8 City of Greenville 280
9 Masonite International
Masonite International
Masonite International Corporation is a company headquartered in Tampa, Florida, which employs over eleven thousand people worldwide. Masonite manufactures interior and exterior doors, door components, and door entry systems. It is one of the world's largest manufacturer and merchandiser of...

250
10 Cytec Engineered Materials 237

Entertainment includes the Kenneth Threadgill Concert series, which brings well-known Texas performers to the Municipal Auditorium stage in three concerts per year; the Greenville Entertainment Series, a subscription concert series featuring artists from a variety of musical genres; the Symphony Festival Series, which brings the world-famous Dallas Symphony Orchestra to Greenville for three concerts and an additional children's concert per year; and the Greenville Follies, a musical review showcasing local talent every other year. Local clubs with musical entertainment, live theater in nearby Commerce, local art shows, a movie theater and a bowling alley offer year-round entertainment.

Tourism draws include the Audie Murphy/American Cotton Museum, Mary of Puddin Hill Chocolate Factory and the historic downtown area which includes wineries, antique malls, public gardens and boutique shopping. The Rally 'Round Greenville festival is held the third weekend each September downtown and includes the Cotton Patch Challenge Bicycle Race and Tour, an Art Show, Barbecue and Chili Cook-Off, Texas Music Weekend, Kids Alley and more. Downtown Blooms is held in May to celebrate the revitalization of the historic Main Street Area.

Greenville is also home to the Hunt Regional Medical Center
Hunt Regional Medical Center
Hunt Regional Medical Center is a full service hospital located at 4215 Joe Ramsey Boulevard in Greenville, Texas. The hospital opened on August 1, 1971 and has since undergone numerous expansions...

.

Notable residents and natives

  • Audie Murphy
    Audie Murphy
    Audie Leon Murphy was a highly decorated and famous soldier. Through LIFE magazine's July 16, 1945 issue , he became one the most famous soldiers of World War II and widely regarded as the most decorated American soldier of the war...

    , the most decorated American soldier of World War II, lived near Greenville. The Audie Murphy/American Cotton Museum in Greenville contains memorabilia related to Audie Murphy.
  • Dean E. Hallmark
    Dean E. Hallmark
    Dean Edward Hallmark was an avid athlete, adventure seeker and U.S. Army Air Forces pilot during World War II, most noted for having served alongside Jimmy Doolittle in 1942 during the famous raid on Tokyo in April of that year...

    , a pilot in Jimmy Doolittle
    Jimmy Doolittle
    General James Harold "Jimmy" Doolittle, USAF was an American aviation pioneer. Doolittle served as a brigadier general, major general and lieutenant general in the United States Army Air Forces during the Second World War...

    's Tokyo Raid
    Doolittle Raid
    The Doolittle Raid, on 18 April 1942, was the first air raid by the United States to strike the Japanese Home Islands during World War II. By demonstrating that Japan itself was vulnerable to American air attack, it provided a vital morale boost and opportunity for U.S. retaliation after the...

     of April 18, 1942. Captured and executed by the Japanese. Was a member of the first ever Greenville High School football team to reach the state playoffs in 1931.
  • Robert Neyland
    Robert Neyland
    Robert Reese Neyland, MBE was an American football player and coach and and officer in the United States Army, reaching the rank of brigadier general. He served three stints as the head football coach as the University of Tennessee...

    , Hall of Fame football coach at Tennessee
    University of Tennessee
    The University of Tennessee is a public land-grant university headquartered at Knoxville, Tennessee, United States...

     and decorated officer in the U.S. Army.
  • Ben Kweller
    Ben Kweller
    Ben Kweller is an American singer, songwriter and multi-instrumentalist.-Early life:Ben Kweller was born in San Francisco, CA in 1981. In 1982, his family relocated to Emory, Texas, where his father, Howard Kweller, became the town's first doctor. In 1986, the Kwellers moved to a much larger city,...

    , American rock musician
  • Monty Stratton
    Monty Stratton
    Monty Franklin Pierce Stratton , nicknamed "Gander", was a Major League Baseball pitcher. He was born in Wagner, Texas, USA, but lived in Greenville, Texas for a part of his life....

    , a famous major league baseball pitcher from the 1930s portrayed by Jimmy Stewart in the movie "The Stratton Story".
  • Wade Wilson
    Wade Wilson (athlete)
    Charles Wade Wilson is a former American football quarterback who played for the Minnesota Vikings, Atlanta Falcons, New Orleans Saints, Dallas Cowboys and the Oakland Raiders in a seventeen year career from 1981 to 1998 in the National Football League...

    , Former NFL and Dallas Cowboys
    Dallas Cowboys
    The Dallas Cowboys are a professional American football franchise which plays in the Eastern Division of the National Football Conference of the National Football League . They are headquartered in Valley Ranch in Irving, Texas, a suburb of Dallas...

     quarterback and assistant coach.
  • Danny Zuber, Notable Freelance photographer for publications such as Los Angeles Times
    Los Angeles Times
    The Los Angeles Times is a daily newspaper published in Los Angeles, California, since 1881. It was the second-largest metropolitan newspaper in circulation in the United States in 2008 and the fourth most widely distributed newspaper in the country....

    , New York Post
    New York Post
    The New York Post is the 13th-oldest newspaper published in the United States and is generally acknowledged as the oldest to have been published continuously as a daily, although – as is the case with most other papers – its publication has been periodically interrupted by labor actions...

     and National Geographic.
  • Maud Crawford
    Maud Crawford
    Maud Robinson Crawford was the first woman attorney in Camden, Arkansas; her disappearance and presumed death sparked attention for more than three decades. The case remains officially unsolved.-Background:...

    , an attorney and the first woman to practice law in Camden
    Camden, Arkansas
    Camden is a city in and the county seat of Ouachita County in the southern part of the U.S. state of Arkansas. Long an area of American Indians villages, the French also made a permanent settlement here because of its advantageous location above the Ouachita River. According to 2007 Census...

    , Arkansas
    Arkansas
    Arkansas is a state located in the southern region of the United States. Its name is an Algonquian name of the Quapaw Indians. Arkansas shares borders with six states , and its eastern border is largely defined by the Mississippi River...

    , disappeared in 1957 amid international attention. She was born in Greenville in 1891.
  • Bart Millard, Lead singer and founder of the contemporary Christian band MercyMe
    MercyMe
    MercyMe is an American Christian rock band founded in Greenville, Texas. The band consists of vocalist Bart Millard, keyboardist James Bryson, percussionist Robby Shaffer, bassist Nathan Cochran and guitarists Michael Scheuchzer and Barry Graul....

    .
  • Collin Raye
    Collin Raye
    Floyd Collin Wray Floyd Collin Wray Floyd Collin Wray (born August 22, 1959 or 1960,Although multiple online sources all indicate Raye's date of birth as 1959, Raye's MySpace lists his date of birth as 1960. Furthermore, the 2004 Deseret News article cited in this article indicates the singer as...

    , an American country music singer, who called Greenville home.
  • Mack Harrell
    Mack Harrell
    Mack Harrell was an American baritone who was regarded as one of the greatest concert singers of his generation....

    , noted operatic baritone; father of world-renowned cellist Lynn Harrell
    Lynn Harrell
    Lynn Harrell is an American classical cellist.-Biography:Harrell was born in New York City of musician parents; his father was the baritone Mack Harrell and his mother, Marjorie Fulton, was a violinist. At the age of eight he decided to learn to play the cello. When Lynn was 12, his family moved...

  • John Boles
    John Boles (actor)
    -Early life:Boles was born in Greenville, Texas, into a middle-class family. He graduated with honors from the University of Texas in 1917 and married Marielite Dobbs in that same year. His parents wanted him to be a doctor and Boles studied and finally got his B.A. degree, but the stage called...

    , noted movie and stage actor of the early 20th Century.
  • Fletcher Warren, a former United States Ambassador to Nicaragua, Paraguay, Venezuela and Turkey.
  • David Michael Ransom, a former United States Ambassador to Bahrain.
  • Haldor Lillenas
    Haldor Lillenas
    Haldor Lillenas was "one of the most important twentieth-century gospel hymn writers and publishers" and is regarded as "the most influential Wesleyan / Holiness songwriter and publisher in the 20th century"...

    , prolific hymnwriter and Gospel Music Hall of Fame
    Gospel Music Hall of Fame
    The Gospel Music Hall of Fame, created in 1971 by the Gospel Music Association, is a Hall of Fame dedicated exclusively to recognizing meaningful contributions by individuals and groups in all forms of gospel music.-Inductees:...

     inductee, was pastor of the Church of the Nazarene
    Church of the Nazarene
    The Church of the Nazarene is an evangelical Christian denomination that emerged from the 19th century Holiness movement in North America with its members colloquially referred to as Nazarenes. It is the largest Wesleyan-holiness denomination in the world. At the end of 2010, the Church of the...

     from 1920 to 1923
  • Francia White
    Francia White
    Francia White was an American soprano who had an active career in concerts, operas, operettas, radio, television, and film during the late 1920s through the 1940s. She began her career as a vaudeville performer in her late teens and then began singing in more serious classical music repertoire...

    , American opera singer and radio and television personality during the 1930s and 1940s.
  • George Maddox
    George Maddox (American football)
    George Woodrow Maddox was a player in the National Football League.-Biography:Maddox was born on November 4, 1911 in Greenville, Texas. He was given the nickname "Buster".-Career:...

    , Former NFL player.
  • Mike Thomas (American football),a former NFL running back of the Washington Redskins and San Diego Chargers who won the Associated Press Offensive Rookie of the Year in 1975 and went to the Pro Bowl after the 1976 NFL season.
  • Jimmy Thomas
    Jimmy Thomas (American football)
    James "Jimmy" Thomas, Jr. is a former professional American football running back in the National Football League. He played five seasons for the San Francisco 49ers....

    , a former professional American football running back of the San Francisco 49ers in the National Football League.
  • Earl Thomas, a former professional American football wide receiver of the Chicago Bears, St. Louis Cardinals, and Houston Oilers in the National Football League.** *
  • Shannon Ethridge, Inspirational speaker and author of "Every Woman's Battle", "Every Young Woman's Battle", "Sexually Confident Wife", and "Every Woman's Marriage", among others.
  • Chad Miller, author
    Author
    An author is broadly defined as "the person who originates or gives existence to anything" and that authorship determines responsibility for what is created. Narrowly defined, an author is the originator of any written work.-Legal significance:...

    of the fiction novel "A Taste of Home"

Further reading

  • Babb, Milton. (2010). "Hunt County, An Illustrated History." Historical Publishing Network. ISBN 978-1935377160

  • Huey, Brenda. (2006). The Blackest Land The Whitest People. Bloomington: AuthorHouse. ISBN 978-1425944247

  • Mathews, Paul. (2001). I Remember... Personal Reflections on Greenville and Hunt County, Texas. Henington Publishing. ISBN 0-9709068-0-3

External links

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
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