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Sir David Kirke (c. 1597 – 1654) was an adventurer, colonizer and governor for the king of England
England

native_name =|conventional_long_name = England|common_name = England|image_flag = Flag of England.svg|image_coat = England COA.svg|symbol_type = Royal Coat of Arms...
. Kirke was raised in English occupied Dieppe, in Normandy
Normandy

Normandy is a geographical region corresponding to the former Duchy of Normandy. It is situated along the coast of France south of the English Channel between Brittany and Picardy and comprises territory in northern France and the Channel Islands....
.

In 1627 Kirke's father and several London
London

London is the capital of both England and the United Kingdom, and the most populous municipality in the European Union. An important settlement for two millennia, History of London goes back to its founding by the Roman Empire....
 merchants formed a company to encourage trade and settlement on the St. Lawrence River. France
France

France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
 and England
England

native_name =|conventional_long_name = England|common_name = England|image_flag = Flag of England.svg|image_coat = England COA.svg|symbol_type = Royal Coat of Arms...
 were at war (see: Thirty Years' War
Thirty Years' War

The Thirty Years' War was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history. The war was fought primarily in Germany and at various points involved most of the countries of Europe....
) and the Kirke family took it upon themselves to expel the French from North America
North America

North America is the northern continent of the Americas, situated in the Earth's northern hemisphere and almost totally in the western hemisphere....


Kirke and his brothers captured Tadoussac in 1628 and demanded that Samuel de Champlain
Samuel de Champlain

Samuel de Champlain, , , "The Father of New France", was a French navigator, geographer, cartographer, draughtsman, soldier, explorer, ethnologist, diplomat, chronicler, and the founder of Quebec City on July 3, 1608, of which he was the administrator for the rest of his life....
 surrender Quebec
Quebec

Quebec , in French language, Qu?bec , is a Provinces and territories of Canada in the Central Canada and Eastern Canada regions of Canada....
 to the English.






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Sir David Kirke (c. 1597 – 1654) was an adventurer, colonizer and governor for the king of England
England

native_name =|conventional_long_name = England|common_name = England|image_flag = Flag of England.svg|image_coat = England COA.svg|symbol_type = Royal Coat of Arms...
. Kirke was raised in English occupied Dieppe, in Normandy
Normandy

Normandy is a geographical region corresponding to the former Duchy of Normandy. It is situated along the coast of France south of the English Channel between Brittany and Picardy and comprises territory in northern France and the Channel Islands....
.

In 1627 Kirke's father and several London
London

London is the capital of both England and the United Kingdom, and the most populous municipality in the European Union. An important settlement for two millennia, History of London goes back to its founding by the Roman Empire....
 merchants formed a company to encourage trade and settlement on the St. Lawrence River. France
France

France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
 and England
England

native_name =|conventional_long_name = England|common_name = England|image_flag = Flag of England.svg|image_coat = England COA.svg|symbol_type = Royal Coat of Arms...
 were at war (see: Thirty Years' War
Thirty Years' War

The Thirty Years' War was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history. The war was fought primarily in Germany and at various points involved most of the countries of Europe....
) and the Kirke family took it upon themselves to expel the French from North America
North America

North America is the northern continent of the Americas, situated in the Earth's northern hemisphere and almost totally in the western hemisphere....


Kirke and his brothers captured Tadoussac in 1628 and demanded that Samuel de Champlain
Samuel de Champlain

Samuel de Champlain, , , "The Father of New France", was a French navigator, geographer, cartographer, draughtsman, soldier, explorer, ethnologist, diplomat, chronicler, and the founder of Quebec City on July 3, 1608, of which he was the administrator for the rest of his life....
 surrender Quebec
Quebec

Quebec , in French language, Qu?bec , is a Provinces and territories of Canada in the Central Canada and Eastern Canada regions of Canada....
 to the English. When his demand was refused he captured a French
France

France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
 supply fleet near Gaspé
Gaspé

Gasp? is* Gasp?, Quebec, a city* Gasp? , a provincial electoral district in Quebec* Gasp? Peninsula, a peninsula where both the city and district are located...
.

Kirke returned in 1629 and received the French surrender of Quebec but was ordered to return the colony to the French in 1632 as King Charles I of England
Charles I of England

Charles I was List of English monarchs, List of monarchs of Scotland and King of Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his capital punishment on 30 January 1649....
 had agreed to return France's territories after Louis XIII
Louis XIII of France

Louis XIII reigned as List of French monarchs and List of Navarrese monarchs from 1610 to 1643....
 paid his wife's dowry
Dowry

A dowry is the money, goods, or estate that a woman brings to her new husband. Compare bride price, which is paid to the bride's parents, and dower, which is property settled on the bride herself by the groom at the time of marriage....
. As a consolation, Kirke was knighted in 1633 and in 1637 he and his partners were given a royal charter
Royal Charter

A royal charter is a charter granted by a Monarch to create institutions or other forms of incorporated bodies . In the United Kingdom legal tradition a royal charter is in the form of letters patent....
 giving them possession of Newfoundland with Kirke as Proprietary Governor
Proprietary Governor

Proprietary Governors were individuals authorized to govern proprietary colonies. Under the proprietary system, individuals or companies were granted commercial charters by the King of England to establish colonies....
. This charter superseding an earlier charter that granted the Avalon Peninsula
Avalon Peninsula

The Avalon Peninsula is a large peninsula that makes up the southeast portion of the island of Newfoundland .The peninsula is home to 248,418 people , and is the location of the provincial capital, St....
 of the island to George Calvert, 1st Baron Baltimore
George Calvert, 1st Baron Baltimore

George Calvert, 1st Baron Baltimore was an England politician and colony. He achieved domestic political success as a Member of Parliament and later Secretary of State under James I of England, though he lost much of his political power after his support for a failed marriage alliance between Charles I of England and the Spanish royal famil...
 as Baltimore was deemed to have abandoned his colony.

Kirke took possession of Ferryland ejecting William Hill
William Hill (governor)

William Hill was the Proprietary Governor of the Province of Avalon in Colony of Newfoundland from 1634 to 1638. He was appointed to the position by C?cilius Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore....
, who had been proprietary governor on behalf of Cæcilius Calvert
Cæcilius Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore

Cecilius Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore , usually called Cecil, was an England coloniser who was the first proprietor of the Province of Maryland....
, who had succeeded as Baron Baltimore
Baron Baltimore

Baron Baltimore, of Baltimore, County Cork in County Cork, is an extinct title in the Peerage of Ireland. The Barony was created in 1625 and became extinct on the death of the 6th Baron in 1771....
 on the death of his father. Kirke as governor of Newfoundland soon came into conflict with the fishing merchants of western England, who were intent on preserving their control of the Grand Banks fisheries by excluding settlement from the island. Using the labours of about 100 colonists, erected forts at Ferryland
Ferryland, Newfoundland and Labrador

Ferryland is a town in Newfoundland and Labrador on the Avalon Peninsula. According to the 2006 Statistics Canada census, its population is 529....
, St. John’s
St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador

St. John's is the Provinces of Canada capital of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada and located on the eastern tip of the Avalon Peninsula on the Newfoundland ....
, and Bay de Verde
Bay de Verde, Newfoundland and Labrador

Bay de Verde is an incorporated town in Conception Bay on the northern tip of the Bay de Verde Peninsula of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. The first recorded inhabitants at Bay de Verde arrived in 1662....
, and collected tolls from all fishing vessels. Kirke was recalled to England
England

native_name =|conventional_long_name = England|common_name = England|image_flag = Flag of England.svg|image_coat = England COA.svg|symbol_type = Royal Coat of Arms...
 in 1651 on charges of violating the charter and not handing over taxes he had collected on behalf of the government. He was found not guilty. Calvert, meanwhile, went to court to challenge Kirke's charter and his seizure of the Province of Avalon
Province of Avalon

Province of Avalon was the area around the settlement of Ferryland, Newfoundland and Labrador, in the 17th century, which upon the success of the colony grew to include the land held by William Vaughan and all the land that lay between Ferryland and Petty Harbour....
 and Kirke was imprisoned and is thought to have died in jail.

In return for capturing Nova Scotia
Nova Scotia

Nova Scotia is a Canadian Provinces and territories of Canada located on Canada's southeastern coast. It is the most populous province in Atlantic Canada....
 and Quebec for the English in 1628, Sir David Kirke was granted a Coat of Arms. His arms were long since forgotten but were rediscovered and were adopted as the official Coat of Arms of Newfoundland and Labrador
Coat of arms of Newfoundland and Labrador

The Coat of Arms of the Province of Newfoundland and Labrador was originally granted by King Charles I of England on 13 November 1638...
 in 1928.

|width="25%" align="center"|Preceded by:
William Hill
William Hill (governor)

William Hill was the Proprietary Governor of the Province of Avalon in Colony of Newfoundland from 1634 to 1638. He was appointed to the position by C?cilius Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore....
 |width="25%" align="center"|Governor of Newfoundland
1638 – 1651 |width="25%" align="center"|Followed by:
John Treworgie
John Treworgie

John Treworgie was the last Proprietary Governor of Colony of Newfoundland. Treworgie had worked as an agent at a Kittery, Maine trading post from 1635 to 1650....


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