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Colaptes
 
 
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Colaptes is a genus
Genus

A genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the classification of living and fossil organisms. The taxonomic ranks are domain , kingdom , phylum, class , order , family , genus, and species....
 of woodpecker
Woodpecker

Woodpeckers are near passerine birds of the order Piciformes. They are one subfamily in the family Picidae, which also includes the piculets and wrynecks....
s. The latin name Colaptes comes from the Greek verb kolapto, to peck.

Probably the most famous member of the Colaptes genus is the Northern Flicker
Northern Flicker

The Northern Flicker is a medium-sized member of the woodpecker family. It is native to most of North America, parts of Central America, Cuba, the Cayman Islands, is one of the few woodpecker species that migrates, and is the only woodpecker that commonly feeds on the ground....
, Colaptes auratus, known in parts of the American south as the 'Yellowhammer'. The bird is the state bird
List of U.S. state birds

This is a list of U.S. state birds as designated by each state's legislature. The selection of state birds began in 1927, when the legislatures for Alabama, Florida, Maine, Missouri, Oregon, Texas and Wyoming selected their state birds....
 of Alabama
Alabama

Alabama is a state located in the Southern United States of the United States of America. It is bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west....
, and the state's nickname is the 'Yellowhammer State'.

genus can be divided into two groups: The flickers (subgenus
Subgenus

In biology, a subgenus is a taxonomic rank directly below genus. See rank and rank .In ICZN, a subgeneric name can be used independently or included in a binomen, in parentheses, placed between the name of a biological genus and specific name: e.g....
 Colaptes) are slender and more terrestrial
Terrestrial animal

Terrestrial animals are animals that live predominantly or entirely on land, as compared with aquatic animals, which live predominantly or entirely in the water , or amphibians, which rely on a combination of aquatic and terrestrial habitats ....
 species with usually one-colored tops of the heads.






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Encyclopedia


Colaptes is a genus
Genus

A genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the classification of living and fossil organisms. The taxonomic ranks are domain , kingdom , phylum, class , order , family , genus, and species....
 of woodpecker
Woodpecker

Woodpeckers are near passerine birds of the order Piciformes. They are one subfamily in the family Picidae, which also includes the piculets and wrynecks....
s. The latin name Colaptes comes from the Greek verb kolapto, to peck.

Probably the most famous member of the Colaptes genus is the Northern Flicker
Northern Flicker

The Northern Flicker is a medium-sized member of the woodpecker family. It is native to most of North America, parts of Central America, Cuba, the Cayman Islands, is one of the few woodpecker species that migrates, and is the only woodpecker that commonly feeds on the ground....
, Colaptes auratus, known in parts of the American south as the 'Yellowhammer'. The bird is the state bird
List of U.S. state birds

This is a list of U.S. state birds as designated by each state's legislature. The selection of state birds began in 1927, when the legislatures for Alabama, Florida, Maine, Missouri, Oregon, Texas and Wyoming selected their state birds....
 of Alabama
Alabama

Alabama is a state located in the Southern United States of the United States of America. It is bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west....
, and the state's nickname is the 'Yellowhammer State'.

Systematics

This genus can be divided into two groups: The flickers (subgenus
Subgenus

In biology, a subgenus is a taxonomic rank directly below genus. See rank and rank .In ICZN, a subgeneric name can be used independently or included in a binomen, in parentheses, placed between the name of a biological genus and specific name: e.g....
 Colaptes) are slender and more terrestrial
Terrestrial animal

Terrestrial animals are animals that live predominantly or entirely on land, as compared with aquatic animals, which live predominantly or entirely in the water , or amphibians, which rely on a combination of aquatic and terrestrial habitats ....
 species with usually one-colored tops of the heads. They occur all over of the Americas
Americas

The Americas are the region of the Western hemisphere that consists of the continents of North America and South America with their associated islands and regions....
 except in polar regions. The forest flickers (subgenus Chrysoptilus) are more arboreal species; almost all of them have a red nape and a differently-colored crown. They are found in South America; a group of three species formerly believed to belong into Piculus
Piculus

Piculus is a genus of bird in the Picidae family.It contains the following species:* Rufous-winged Woodpecker * Stripe-cheeked Woodpecker ...
 ranges via the mesoamerica
Mesoamerica

Mesoamerica or Meso-America is a region and cultural area in the Americas, extending approximately from central Mexico to Honduras and Nicaragua, within which a number of pre-Columbian society flourished before the Spanish colonization of the Americas in the 15th and 16th centuries....
n Cordillera
Cordillera

A cordillera is an extensive chain of mountains or mountain ranges, that runs along a coastline . It comes from the Spanish language word cordilla, which is a diminutive of cuerda, or "cord"....
 north up to Mexico
Mexico

The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federalism constitutionalism republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of Mexico....
 (Benz et al., 2006).

Subgenus Colaptes
  • Northern Flicker
    Northern Flicker

    The Northern Flicker is a medium-sized member of the woodpecker family. It is native to most of North America, parts of Central America, Cuba, the Cayman Islands, is one of the few woodpecker species that migrates, and is the only woodpecker that commonly feeds on the ground....
    ,     Colaptes auratus. The binomen
    Binomen

    In ICZN, a binomen, or binominal name, is the name of a species. The term was introduced in 1953.A binomen is a name consisting of two names: generic name and specific name....
     (species name) means "gilt" (gilded).
    • Yellow-shafted Flicker, Colaptes (auratus) auratus
    • Red-shafted Flicker, Colaptes (auratus) cafer
    • Guadalupe Flicker, Colaptes auratus/cafer rufipileus - extinct (c.1910)
  • Gilded Flicker
    Gilded Flicker

    The Gilded Flicker is a large-sized woodpecker of the Sonoran Desert, Yuma Desert, and eastern Colorado Desert regions of the Southwestern United States United States and northwestern Mexico including all of the Baja Peninsula except the extreme northwestern region....
    ,     Colaptes chrysoides. The species name chrysoides means "like gold".
  • Fernandina's Flicker
    Fernandina's Flicker

    The Fernandina's Flicker is a species of bird in the woodpecker family. Endemism to Cuba, its small population of 600–800 birds makes it one of the most endangered species of woodpecker in the world; only the possibly-extinct Ivory-billed Woodpecker is known to have a smaller population....
    ,     Colaptes fernandinae, an endangered bird native to Cuba
    Cuba

    The Republic of Cuba is a country in the Caribbean. It consists of the island of Cuba , the island of Isla de la Juventud, and several adjacent small islands....
    . Fernandina was an early name for Cuba.
  • Chilean Flicker
    Chilean Flicker

    The Chilean Flicker is a species of bird in the Picidae family.It is found in Argentina and Chile.Its natural habitats are temperate forests, subtropical or tropical high-altitude shrubland, and heavily degraded former forest....
    ,     Colaptes pitius. The species name derives from the bird's characteristic call, which is "pitiu-pitiu-pitiu".
  • Andean Flicker
    Andean Flicker

    The Andean Flicker is a species of bird in the Picidae family.It is found in Peru and the southern border region of Ecuador; also western Andean Bolivia, and northern regions of Argentina and Chile....
    ,     Colaptes rupicola, found in Peru, Bolivia, Argentina and Chile. rupicola is Latin for "rock-dweller".
  • Campo Flicker
    Campo Flicker

    The Campo Flicker is a species of bird in the Picidae family. It is found in a wide range of open and semi-open in eastern Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay and north-eastern Argentina, with isolated populations in Amap? and southern Suriname....
    ,     Colaptes campestris. The species name campestris is Latin for "of the fields" and refers to the species' favorite habitat, open grassland.


An undescribed fossil
Fossil

Fossils are the preserved remains or trace fossil of animals, plants, and other organisms from the remote past. The totality of fossils, both discovered and undiscovered, and their placement in fossiliferous Rock formations and sedimentary rock layers is known as the fossil record....
 form from the Bahamas should belong into this group; it is probably close to C. fernandinae.

Subgenus Chrysoptilus
  • Black-necked Woodpecker
    Black-necked Woodpecker

    The Black-necked Woodpecker is a species of bird in the Picidae family. It is Endemism to Peru.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical high-altitude shrubland, and heavily degraded former forest....
    , Colaptes atricollis. The binomen atricollis is Latin for "dark-necked".
  • Spot-breasted Woodpecker
    Spot-breasted Woodpecker

    The Spot-breasted Woodpecker is a species of bird in the Picidae family.It is found in South America in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela; also eastern Panama of Central America....
    , Colaptes punctigula.The species name punctigula comes from the Latin adverb punctatus meaning 'spotted', and the noun gula, meaning throat.
  • Green-barred Woodpecker
    Green-barred Woodpecker

    The Green-barred Woodpecker is a species of bird in the Picidae family.It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests....
    , Colaptes melanochloros. The species name melanochloros derives from the Greek melanos, meaning "black", and chloros, "pale green", the principal colors of this bird.
    • Golden-breasted Woodpecker
      Golden-breasted Woodpecker

      The Golden-breasted Woodpecker is a species of bird in the Picidae family.Source* BirdLife International 2004. ]...
      , Colaptes melanochloros melanolaimus. The southern subspecies of the Green-barred Woodpecker are sometimes considered a distinct species.
  • Golden-olive Woodpecker
    Golden-olive Woodpecker

    The Golden-olive Woodpecker, Colaptes rubiginosus, is a resident breeding bird from Mexico south and east to Guyana, northwest Argentina, Trinidad and Tobago....
    , Colaptes rubiginosus. The binomen means "full of rust", describing the color of the bird's wings and back.
  • Gray-crowned Woodpecker, Colaptes auricularis. auricularis means "eared", an appearance created by the confluent, fine patterning of the species' head.
  • Crimson-mantled Woodpecker
    Crimson-mantled Woodpecker

    The Crimson-mantled Woodpecker is a species of bird in the Picidae family.It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montanes....
    , Colaptes rivolii, named in honor of André Masséna
    André Masséna

    Jean-Andr? Mass?na, 1st Duc de Rivoli Veronese, 1st Prince d'Essling was a French military commander during the French Revolutionary Wars and Napoleonic Wars....
    , duke of Rivoli