Aristide Briand (28 March 1862 – 7 March 1932) was a
FrenchFrance , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
statesman who served several terms as
Prime Minister of FranceThe Prime Minister of France in the Fifth Republic is the functional head of the government and Council of Ministers of France. The head of state in France is the President of the French Republic...
and won the
Nobel Peace PrizeThe Nobel Peace Prize is one of the five Nobel Prizes bequeathed by the Swedish industrialist and inventor Alfred Nobel.-Background:...
.
He was born in
NantesNantes is a city in western France, located on the Loire River, from the Atlantic coast. The city is the sixth largest in France, while its metropolitan area is the eighth with 804,833 inhabitants at a 2008 estimate....
,
Loire-AtlantiqueLoire-Atlantique is a department on the west coast of France named after the Loire River and the Atlantic Ocean.-History:...
of a
bourgeois family. He attended the Nantes Lycée, where, in 1877, he developed a close friendship with
Jules VerneJules Gabriel Verne was a French author who helped pioneer the science-fiction genre. He is best known for his novels A Journey to the Center of the Earth , From the Earth to the Moon , Twenty Thousand Leagues under the Sea , Around the World in Eighty Days and The Mysterious Island...
. He studied
lawLaw is a system of rules, usually enforced through a set of institutions. It shapes politics, economics and society in numerous ways and serves as a primary social mediator of relations between people. Contract law regulates everything from buying a bus ticket to trading on derivatives markets...
, and soon went into politics, associating himself with the most advanced movements, writing articles for the anarchist journal
Le Peuple, and directing the
Lanterne for some time.
Aristide Briand (28 March 1862 – 7 March 1932) was a
FrenchFrance , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
statesman who served several terms as
Prime Minister of FranceThe Prime Minister of France in the Fifth Republic is the functional head of the government and Council of Ministers of France. The head of state in France is the President of the French Republic...
and won the
Nobel Peace PrizeThe Nobel Peace Prize is one of the five Nobel Prizes bequeathed by the Swedish industrialist and inventor Alfred Nobel.-Background:...
.
Early life
He was born in
NantesNantes is a city in western France, located on the Loire River, from the Atlantic coast. The city is the sixth largest in France, while its metropolitan area is the eighth with 804,833 inhabitants at a 2008 estimate....
,
Loire-AtlantiqueLoire-Atlantique is a department on the west coast of France named after the Loire River and the Atlantic Ocean.-History:...
of a
bourgeois family. He attended the Nantes Lycée, where, in 1877, he developed a close friendship with
Jules VerneJules Gabriel Verne was a French author who helped pioneer the science-fiction genre. He is best known for his novels A Journey to the Center of the Earth , From the Earth to the Moon , Twenty Thousand Leagues under the Sea , Around the World in Eighty Days and The Mysterious Island...
. He studied
lawLaw is a system of rules, usually enforced through a set of institutions. It shapes politics, economics and society in numerous ways and serves as a primary social mediator of relations between people. Contract law regulates everything from buying a bus ticket to trading on derivatives markets...
, and soon went into politics, associating himself with the most advanced movements, writing articles for the anarchist journal
Le Peuple, and directing the
Lanterne for some time. From this he passed to the
Petite République, leaving it to found
L'HumanitéL'Humanité , formerly the daily newspaper linked to the French Communist Party , was founded in 1904 by Jean Jaurès, a leader of the French Section of the Workers' International ....
, in collaboration with
Jean JaurèsJean Léon Jaurès was a French Socialist leader. Initially an Opportunist Republican, he evolved into one of the first social democrats, becoming the leader, in 1902, of the French Socialist Party, which opposed Jules Guesde's revolutionary Socialist Party of France...
.
Activism
At the same time he was prominent in the movement for the formation of
trade unionA trade union is an organization of workers who have banded together to achieve common goals in key areas, such as working conditions. The trade union, through its leadership, bargains with the employer on behalf of union members and negotiates labor contracts with employers...
s, and at the congress of working men at Nantes in 1894 he secured the adoption of the labor union idea against the adherents of
Jules GuesdeJules Basile Guesde was a French socialist journalist and politician.Guesde was the inspiration for a famous quotation by Karl Marx. Shortly before Marx died in 1883, he wrote a letter to Guesde and Paul Lafargue, both of whom already claimed to represent "Marxist" principles...
. From that time, Briand was one of the leaders of the French Socialist Party. In 1902, after several unsuccessful attempts, he was elected deputy. He declared himself a strong partisan of the union of the
LeftIn politics, left-wing, political left, leftist and the Left are terms used to describe a number of positions and ideologies. They are most commonly used to refer to support for changing traditional social orders or for creating a more egalitarian distribution of wealth and privilege...
in what was known as the
Bloc, in order to check the reactionary Deputies of the Right.
From the beginning of his career in the
Chamber of DeputiesChamber of Deputies was the name given to several parliamentary bodies in France in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries:* 1814–1848 during the Bourbon Restoration and the July Monarchy, the Chamber of Deputies was the Lower chamber of the French Parliament, elected by census suffrage.*...
, Briand was occupied with the question of the
separation of church and stateSeparation of church and state is a political and legal doctrine that government and religious institutions are to be kept separate and independent from each other...
. He was appointed reporter of the commission charged with the preparation of the
1905 law on separationThe 1905 French law on the Separation of the Churches and State was passed by the Chamber of Deputies on 9 December 1905. Enacted during the Third Republic, it established state secularism in France...
, and his masterly report at once marked him out as one of the coming leaders. He succeeded in carrying his project through with but slight modifications, and without dividing the parties upon whose support he relied.
He was the principal author of the law of separation, but, not content with preparing it, he wished to apply it as well. The ministry of
Maurice RouvierMaurice Rouvier was a French statesman.He was born in Aix-en-Provence, and spent his early career in business at Marseille. He supported Léon Gambetta's candidature there in 1867, and in 1870 he founded an anti-imperial journal, L'Egalité. Becoming secretary general of the prefecture of...
was allowing disturbances during the taking of inventories of church property, a clause of the law for which Briand was not responsible. Consequently he accepted the portfolio of
Public Instruction and WorshipThe Ministry of National Education, Advanced Instruction, and Research is the French government cabinet member charged with running France's public educational system and with the supervision of agreements and authorizations for private teaching...
in the
SarrienJean Marie Ferdinand Sarrien was a French politician of the Third Republic. He was born in Bourbon-Lancy, Saône-et-Loire and died in Paris...
ministry (1906). So far as the Chamber was concerned his success was complete. But the acceptance of a position in a bourgeois ministry led to his exclusion from the Unified Socialist Party (March 1906). As opposed to Jaurès, he contended that the Socialists should co-operate actively with the Radicals in all matters of reform, and not stand aloof to await the complete fulfillment of their ideals.
Prime Minister of France
Briand succeeded
ClemenceauGeorges Benjamin Clemenceau was a French statesman, physician, and journalist. He served as the prime minister of France from 1906-1909 and 1917-1920. For nearly the final year of World War I he led France, and was one of the major voices behind the Treaty of Versailles...
as Prime Minister in 1909, serving until 1911, and served again for a few months in 1913. In October 1915, following on French defeats in the
First World WarWorld War I , also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All Wars, was a global military conflict which involved most of the world's great powers, assembled in two opposing alliances: the Triple Entente and the Triple Alliance...
, Briand again became Prime Minister, and, for the first time, Foreign Minister, succeeding
René VivianiJean Raphaël Adrien René Viviani was a French politician of the Third Republic, who served as Prime Minister for the first year of World War I. He was born in Sidi Bel Abbès, in Algeria...
and
Théophile DelcasséThéophile Delcassé was a French statesman.-Biography:He was born at Pamiers, in the Ariège département...
respectively. His tenure was not particularly successful, and he resigned in March 1917 as a result of disagreements over the prospective
Nivelle OffensiveThe Nivelle Offensive was a 1917 Allied attack on the Western Front in World War I. Promised as the assault that would end the war within 48 hours, with casualties expected of around 10,000 men, it failed on both counts. It was a three-stage plan...
, to be succeeded by
Alexandre RibotAlexandre-Félix-Joseph Ribot was a French politician, four times Prime Minister.-Biography:He was born in Saint-Omer, Pas-de-Calais....
.
Briand returned to power in 1921, but his efforts to come to an agreement over reparations with the Germans failed in the wake of German intransigence, and he was succeeded by the more bellicose
Raymond PoincaréRaymond Poincaré was a French conservative statesman who served as Prime Minister of France on five separate occasions and as President of France from 1913 to 1920.-Early life:...
. In the wake of the Ruhr Crisis, however, Briand's more conciliatory style became more acceptable, and he returned to the
Quai d'OrsayThe Quai d'Orsay is a quai in the VIIe arrondissement of Paris, part of the left bank of the Seine, and the name of the street along it. The Quai becomes the Quai Anatole France east of the Palais Bourbon, and the Quai de Branly west of the Pont de l'Alma.The French Ministry of Foreign Affairs is...
in 1925, remaining foreign minister until his death.
Briand negotiated the Briand-Ceretti Agreement with the Vatican giving the French government a role in the appointment of Catholic bishops.
Aristide Briand received the 1926
Nobel Peace PrizeThe Nobel Peace Prize is one of the five Nobel Prizes bequeathed by the Swedish industrialist and inventor Alfred Nobel.-Background:...
together with
Gustav Stresemannwas a German liberal politician and statesman who served as Chancellor and Foreign Minister during the Weimar Republic. He was co-laureate of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1926.Stresemann's politics defy easy categorization...
of
GermanyGermany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
for the
Locarno TreatiesThe Locarno Treaties were seven agreements negotiated at Locarno, Switzerland on 5 October – 16 October 1925 and formally signed in London on December 1, in which the First World War Western European Allied powers and the new states of central and Eastern Europe sought to secure the post-war...
(
Austen ChamberlainSir Joseph Austen Chamberlain, KG was a British statesman and recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize.- Early life and career :...
of the
United KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands...
had won a share of the Peace Prize a year earlier for the same agreement). A 1927 proposal by Briand and
United StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
Secretary of State
Frank B. KelloggFrank Billings Kellogg was an American lawyer, politician and statesman who served in the U.S. Senate and as U.S. Secretary of State. He co-authored the Kellogg-Briand Pact, for which he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1929.- Biography :Kellogg was born in Potsdam, New York, and his family...
for a universal pact outlawing war led the following year to the
Pact of ParisThe Kellogg-Briand Pact was a multinational treaty that prohibited the use of war as "an instrument of national policy."...
, aka the
Kellogg-Briand Pact.
The cordial relations between Briand and Stresemann, the leading statesmen of their respective countries, were cut short by the unexpected death of Stresemann in 1929 and of Briand in 1932.
Briand's first Government, 24 July 1909 - 3 November 1910
- Aristide Briand - President of the Council and Minister of the Interior and Worship
- Stéphen Pichon
Stéphen Pichon was a French politician of the Third Republic. He served as French Minister to China , including the period of the Boxer Uprising...
- Minister of Foreign Affairs
- Jean Brun - Minister of War
- Georges Cochery
Georges Charles Paul Cochery was the son of Louis-Adolphe Cochery.He was deputy of his father's département of the Loiret from 1879 till 1885, deputy from 1885, five times president of the Budget Commission, minister of finance and vice-president of the chamber , and again finance minister in the...
- Minister of Finance
- René Viviani
Jean Raphaël Adrien René Viviani was a French politician of the Third Republic, who served as Prime Minister for the first year of World War I. He was born in Sidi Bel Abbès, in Algeria...
- Minister of Labour and Social Security Provisions
- Louis Barthou
Jean Louis Barthou was a French politician of the Third Republic.-Early years:He was born in Oloron-Sainte-Marie, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, and served as Deputy from that constituency. He was an authority on trade union history and law...
- Minister of Justice
- Auguste Boué de Lapeyrère
Augustin Manuel Hubert Gaston Boué de Lapeyrère was a French admiral during World War I. He was a strong proponent of naval reform, and is comparable to Admiral Jackie Fisher of the British Royal Navy....
- Minister of Marine
- Gaston Doumergue
Pierre-Paul-Henri-Gaston Doumergue was a French politician of the Third Republic....
- Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts
- Joseph Ruau - Minister of Agriculture
- Georges Trouillot - Minister of Colonies
- Alexandre Millerand
Alexandre Millerand was a French socialist politician. He was President of France from 23 September 1920 to 11 June 1924 and Prime Minister of France 20 January to 23 September 1920...
- Minister of Public Works, Posts, and Telegraphs
- Jean Dupuy
Jean Dupuy was a French politician and media owner.-Life:A huissier by profession, he practised in Paris and quickly became interested in the press and in politics, taking over leadership of Le Petit Parisien on the death of Paul Piégut in 1888...
- Minister of Commerce and Industry
Briand's second Ministry, 3 November 1910 - 2 March 1911
- Aristide Briand - President of the Council and Minister of the Interior and Worship
- Stéphen Pichon
Stéphen Pichon was a French politician of the Third Republic. He served as French Minister to China , including the period of the Boxer Uprising...
- Minister of Foreign Affairs
- Jean Brun - Minister of War
- Louis Lucien Klotz - Minister of Finance
- Louis Lafferre - Minister of Labour and Social Security Provisions
- Théodore Girard - Minister of Justice
- Auguste Boué de Lapeyrère
Augustin Manuel Hubert Gaston Boué de Lapeyrère was a French admiral during World War I. He was a strong proponent of naval reform, and is comparable to Admiral Jackie Fisher of the British Royal Navy....
- Minister of Marine
- Maurice Faure
Maurice Faure at Azerat, Dordogne is a former member of the French Resistance and a former minister in several French governments.He was a deputy in the French parliament from 1951 to 1983 and a Senator from 1983 to 1988....
- Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts
- Maurice Raynaud
A. G. Maurice Raynaud is the French doctor who discovered Raynaud's Disease, a rare vasopastic disorder which contracts blood vessels in extremities and is the "R" in the CREST syndrome acronym, in the late 1800s.-External links: and named after...
- Minister of Agriculture
- Jean Morel - Minister of Colonies
- Louis Puech
Louis Puech was a député of the French Third Republic and Minister of Public Works in the second government of Aristide Briand from 3 November 1910 to 24 February 1911. During his 30 years in office he was inscribed with the group of Républicains de gauche...
- Minister of Public Works, Posts, and Telegraphs
- Jean Dupuy
Jean Dupuy was a French politician and media owner.-Life:A huissier by profession, he practised in Paris and quickly became interested in the press and in politics, taking over leadership of Le Petit Parisien on the death of Paul Piégut in 1888...
- Minister of Commerce and Industry
Changes
- 23 February 1911 - Briand succeeds Brun as interim Minister of War.
Briand's third Government, 21 January - 22 March 1913
- Aristide Briand - President of the Council and Minister of the Interior
- Charles Jonnart
Charles Célestin Auguste Jonnart was a French politician.Born into a bourgeois family in Fléchin, Pas-de-Calais, Charles Jonnart was educated at Saint-Omer, then in Paris. Interested in the Algeria that he had visited as a young man, he was appointed during 1881 by Léon Gambetta to the office of...
- Minister of Foreign Affairs
- Eugène Étienne - Minister of War
- Louis Lucien Klotz - Minister of Finance
- René Besnard - Minister of Labour and Social Security Provisions
- Louis Barthou
Jean Louis Barthou was a French politician of the Third Republic.-Early years:He was born in Oloron-Sainte-Marie, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, and served as Deputy from that constituency. He was an authority on trade union history and law...
- Minister of Justice
- Pierre Baudin - Minister of Marine
- Théodore Steeg
Théodore Steeg was a French politician of the Third Republic, deputy of the Seine from 1906 to 1914 and senator of the same department from 1914 to 1940....
- Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts
- Fernand David - Minister of Agriculture
- Jean Morel - Minister of Colonies
- Jean Dupuy
Jean Dupuy was a French politician and media owner.-Life:A huissier by profession, he practised in Paris and quickly became interested in the press and in politics, taking over leadership of Le Petit Parisien on the death of Paul Piégut in 1888...
- Minister of Public Works, Posts, and Telegraphs
- Gabriel Guist'hau
Gabriel Guist'hau, was a French politician .Guist'hau left Réunion for Nantes to study law there, and was elected the mayor of Nantes in 1908. He went on to become a deputy to the Assemblée nationale from 1910 to 1924...
- Minister of Commerce and Industry
Briand's fourth Government, 29 October 1915 - 12 December 1916
- Aristide Briand - President of the Council and Minister of Foreign Affairs
- Joseph Galliéni
Joseph Simon Gallieni was a French soldier, most active as a military commander and administrator in the French colonies and finished his career during the First World War. He was made Marshal of France posthumously in 1921...
- Minister of War
- Louis Malvy - Minister of the Interior
- Alexandre Ribot
Alexandre-Félix-Joseph Ribot was a French politician, four times Prime Minister.-Biography:He was born in Saint-Omer, Pas-de-Calais....
- Minister of Finance
- Albert Métin - Minister of Labour and Social Security Provisions
- René Viviani
Jean Raphaël Adrien René Viviani was a French politician of the Third Republic, who served as Prime Minister for the first year of World War I. He was born in Sidi Bel Abbès, in Algeria...
- Minister of Justice
- Lucien Lacaze - Minister of Marine
- Paul Painlevé
Paul Painlevé was a French mathematician and politician. He served twice as Prime Minister of the Third Republic: 12 September – 13 November 1917 and 17 April – 22 November 1925.-Early life:...
- Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts
- Jules Méline
Félix Jules Méline was a French statesman, prime minister from 1896 to 1898.Méline was born at Remiremont. Having taken up law as his profession, he was chosen a deputy in 1872, and in 1879 he was for a short time under-secretary to the minister of the interior...
- Minister of Agriculture
- Gaston Doumergue
Pierre-Paul-Henri-Gaston Doumergue was a French politician of the Third Republic....
- Minister of Colonies
- Marcel Sembat - Minister of Public Works
- Étienne Clémentel - Minister of Commerce, Industry, Posts, and Telegraphs
- Léon Bourgeois
Léon Victor Auguste Bourgeois was a French statesman.-Biography:He was born in Paris, and was trained in law. After holding a subordinate office in the department of public works, he became successively prefect of the Tarn and the Haute-Garonne , and then returned to Paris to enter the ministry...
- Minister of State
- Denys Cochin
Baron Denys Marie Pierre Augustin Cochin was a French writer and Catholic right-wing politician.Denys Cochin was the son of the baron Augustin Cochin, also a politician and writer...
- Minister of State
- Émile Combes
Émile Combes was a French statesman who led the Bloc des gauches's cabinet from June 1902–January 1905.-Biography:...
- Minister of State
- Charles de Freycinet
Charles Louis de Saulces de Freycinet was a French statesman and President of the Council during the Third Republic, part of the Opportunist Republicans faction...
- Minister of State
- Jules Guesde
Jules Basile Guesde was a French socialist journalist and politician.Guesde was the inspiration for a famous quotation by Karl Marx. Shortly before Marx died in 1883, he wrote a letter to Guesde and Paul Lafargue, both of whom already claimed to represent "Marxist" principles...
- Minister of State
Changes
- 15 November 1915 - Paul Painlevé
Paul Painlevé was a French mathematician and politician. He served twice as Prime Minister of the Third Republic: 12 September – 13 November 1917 and 17 April – 22 November 1925.-Early life:...
becomes Minister of Inventions for the National Defense in addition to being Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts.
- 16 March 1916 - Pierre Auguste Roques succeeds Galliéni as Minister of War
Briand's fifth Government, 12 December 1916 - 20 March 1917
- Aristide Briand - President of the Council and Minister of Foreign Affairs
- Hubert Lyautey
Louis Hubert Gonzalve Lyautey was a French Army general, the first Resident-General in Morocco from 1912 to 1925 and from 1921 Marshal of France.-Early life:...
- Minister of War
- Albert Thomas - Minister of Armaments and War Manufacturing
- Louis Malvy - Minister of the Interior
- Alexandre Ribot
Alexandre-Félix-Joseph Ribot was a French politician, four times Prime Minister.-Biography:He was born in Saint-Omer, Pas-de-Calais....
- Minister of Finance
- Étienne Clémentel - Minister of Commerce, Industry, Labour, Social Security Provisions, Agriculture, Posts, and Telegraphs
- René Viviani
Jean Raphaël Adrien René Viviani was a French politician of the Third Republic, who served as Prime Minister for the first year of World War I. He was born in Sidi Bel Abbès, in Algeria...
- Minister of Justice, Public Instruction, and Fine Arts
- Lucien Lacaze - Minister of Marine
- Édouard Herriot
Édouard Hérriot was a French Radical politician of the Third Republic who served three times as Prime Minister and for many years as President of the Chamber of Deputies....
- Minister of Supply, Public Works, and Transport
- Gaston Doumergue
Pierre-Paul-Henri-Gaston Doumergue was a French politician of the Third Republic....
- Minister of Colonies
Changes
- 15 March 1917 - Lucien Lacaze succeeds Lyautey as interim Minister of War.
Briand's sixth Government, 16 January 1921 - 15 January 1922
- Aristide Briand - President of the Council and Minister of Foreign Affairs
- Louis Barthou
Jean Louis Barthou was a French politician of the Third Republic.-Early years:He was born in Oloron-Sainte-Marie, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, and served as Deputy from that constituency. He was an authority on trade union history and law...
- Minister of War
- Pierre Marraud
Pierre Marraud was a French politician born in Port-Sainte-Marie 8 January 1861, died in Paris .*Préfet in 1900, Councillor of State, commissaire du gouvernement at the end of the First World War until becoming prefect of in 1918....
- Minister of the Interior
- Paul Doumer
Joseph Athanase Paul Doumer, commonly known as Paul Doumer was the President of France from 13 June 1931 until his assassination.Born in Aurillac, in the Cantal département, in France....
- Minister of Finance
- Charles Daniel-Vincent - Minister of Labour
- Laurent Bonnevay
Laurent Bonnevay was a radical centrist French politician during the Third and Fourth Republics, first member of the Republican Federation and then of the Independent Radicals center-right group....
- Minister of Justice
- Gabriel Guist'hau
Gabriel Guist'hau, was a French politician .Guist'hau left Réunion for Nantes to study law there, and was elected the mayor of Nantes in 1908. He went on to become a deputy to the Assemblée nationale from 1910 to 1924...
- Minister of Marine
- Léon Bérard
Léon Bérard was a French politician and lawyer.He was Minister of Public Instruction in 1919 and from 1921 to 1924, and Minister of Justice from 1931 to 1932 and was elected to the Académie française in 1934.Bérard was the Ambassador from Vichy France to the Holy See from 1940 to 1945....
- Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts
- André Maginot
André Maginot was a French civil servant, soldier, and Member of Parliament. He is undoubtedly best known for his advocacy for the string of forts that would be known as the Maginot Line.- Early years, to World War I :...
- Minister of War Pensions, Grants, and Allowances
- Edmond Lefebvre du Prey
Edmond Lefebvre du Prey was a French politician of the Third Republic....
- Minister of Agriculture
- Albert Sarraut
Albert-Pierre Sarraut was a French Radical politician, twice Prime Minister during the Third Republic.Sarraut was born in Bordeaux, Gironde, France.He was Governor-General of French Indochina, from 1912 to 1919....
- Minister of Colonies
- Yves Le Trocquer - Minister of Public Works
- Georges Leredu
George Leredu, lawyer, was mayor of Franconville-la-Garenne from 1908 to 1919, deputy from 1914 to 1927 then senator until 1936. He was Minister for Health after having been a Secretary of State of the Liberated Regions during a few months from February 20, 1920....
- Minister of Hygiene, Welfare Work, and Social Security Provisions
- Lucien Dior - Minister of Commerce and Industry
- Louis Loucheur
Louis Loucheur was a French politician in the Third Republic, member of the conservative Republican Federation.-Life:...
- Minister of Liberated Regions
Briand's seventh Government, 28 November 1925 - 9 March 1926
- Aristide Briand - President of the Council and Minister of Foreign Affairs
- Paul Painlevé
Paul Painlevé was a French mathematician and politician. He served twice as Prime Minister of the Third Republic: 12 September – 13 November 1917 and 17 April – 22 November 1925.-Early life:...
- Minister of War
- Camille Chautemps
Camille Chautemps was a French Radical politician of the Third Republic, three times President of the Council .-Career:...
- Minister of the Interior
- Louis Loucheur
Louis Loucheur was a French politician in the Third Republic, member of the conservative Republican Federation.-Life:...
- Minister of Finance
- Antoine Durafour - Minister of Labour, Hygiene, Welfare Work, and Social Security Provisions
- René Renoult
René Renoult was a French Minister and lawyer.Renoult is the son of Étienne and Élisa Geranger, a female day laborer. He studied at the Faculty of Law in Paris and obtained his doctorate in 1888...
- Minister of Justice
- Georges Leygues
Georges Leygues was a French politician of the Third Republic. During his time as Minister of Marine he worked with the navy's chief of staff Henri Salaun in unsuccessful attempts to gain naval re-armament priority for government funding over army rearmament such as the Maginot Line.He was born...
- Minister of Marine
- Édouard Daladier
Édouard Daladier was a French Radical politician, and Prime Minister of France at the start of the Second World War.-Career:...
- Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts
- Paul Jourdain - Minister of Pensions
- Jean Durand - Minister of Agriculture
- Léon Perrier - Minister of Colonies
- Anatole de Monzie
Anatole de Monzie was a French administrator, encyclopaedist , political figure and scholar. His father was a tax collector in Bazas where Anatole - a name he disliked from an early age - was born in 1876...
- Minister of Public Works
- Charles Daniel-Vincent - Minister of Commerce and Industry
Changes
- 16 December 1925 - Paul Doumer
Joseph Athanase Paul Doumer, commonly known as Paul Doumer was the President of France from 13 June 1931 until his assassination.Born in Aurillac, in the Cantal département, in France....
succeeds Loucheur as Minister of Finance.
Briand's eighth Government, 9 March - 23 June 1926
- Aristide Briand - President of the Council and Minister of Foreign Affairs
- Paul Painlevé
Paul Painlevé was a French mathematician and politician. He served twice as Prime Minister of the Third Republic: 12 September – 13 November 1917 and 17 April – 22 November 1925.-Early life:...
- Minister of War
- Louis Malvy - Minister of the Interior
- Raoul Péret
Raoul Adolphe Péret was a French lawyer and politician.Raoul Péret was born in Châtellerault , son of a magistrate. He followed his father into the law, becoming an advocate at the Court of Cassation in Paris. In 1893 he served as an aide to Justice Minister Eugène Guérin...
- Minister of Finance
- Antoine Durafour - Minister of Labour, Hygiene, Welfare Work, and Social Security Provisions
- Pierre Laval
Pierre Laval was a French politician. He served four times as President of the council of ministers of the Third Republic, twice consecutively. Following France's Armistice with Germany in 1940, he served twice in the Vichy Regime as head of government. After the Liberation , he was arrested,...
- Minister of Justice
- Georges Leygues
Georges Leygues was a French politician of the Third Republic. During his time as Minister of Marine he worked with the navy's chief of staff Henri Salaun in unsuccessful attempts to gain naval re-armament priority for government funding over army rearmament such as the Maginot Line.He was born...
- Minister of Marine
- Lucien Lamoureux
Lucien Lamoureux, PC, OC was a Canadian politician and Speaker of the Canadian House of Commons from 1966 to 1974...
- Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts
- Paul Jourdain - Minister of Pensions
- Jean Durand - Minister of Agriculture
- Léon Perrier - Minister of Colonies
- Anatole de Monzie
Anatole de Monzie was a French administrator, encyclopaedist , political figure and scholar. His father was a tax collector in Bazas where Anatole - a name he disliked from an early age - was born in 1876...
- Minister of Public Works
- Charles Daniel-Vincent - Minister of Commerce and Industry
Changes
- 10 April 1926 - Jean Durand succeeds Malvy as Minister of the Interior. François Binet succeeds Durand as Minister of Agriculture.
Briand's Ninth Government, 23 June - 19 July 1926
- Aristide Briand - President of the Council and Minister of Foreign Affairs
- Adolphe Guillaumat
Marie Louis Adolphe Guillaumat was a French Army general during World War I.-Early years:Adolphe Guillaumat graduated first from his class of 1884 at the Saint-Cyr military academy....
- Minister of War
- Jean Durand - Minister of the Interior
- Joseph Caillaux
Joseph-Marie-Auguste Caillaux was a major French politician of the Third Republic. The leader of the Radicals, he favored a policy of conciliation with Germany during his premiership from 1911 to 1912, which led to the maintenance of the peace during the Second Moroccan Crisis of 1911.In 1914 he...
- Minister of Finance
- Antoine Durafour - Minister of Labour, Hygiene, Welfare Work, and Social Security Provisions
- Pierre Laval
Pierre Laval was a French politician. He served four times as President of the council of ministers of the Third Republic, twice consecutively. Following France's Armistice with Germany in 1940, he served twice in the Vichy Regime as head of government. After the Liberation , he was arrested,...
- Minister of Justice
- Georges Leygues
Georges Leygues was a French politician of the Third Republic. During his time as Minister of Marine he worked with the navy's chief of staff Henri Salaun in unsuccessful attempts to gain naval re-armament priority for government funding over army rearmament such as the Maginot Line.He was born...
- Minister of Marine
- Bertrand Nogaro - Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts
- Paul Jourdain - Minister of Pensions
- François Binet - Minister of Agriculture
- Léon Perrier - Minister of Colonies
- Charles Daniel-Vincent - Minister of Public Works
- Fernand Chapsal - Minister of Commerce and Industry
Briand's tenth Government, 29 July - 3 November 1929
- Aristide Briand - President of the Council and Minister of Foreign Affairs
- Paul Painlevé
Paul Painlevé was a French mathematician and politician. He served twice as Prime Minister of the Third Republic: 12 September – 13 November 1917 and 17 April – 22 November 1925.-Early life:...
- Minister of WarThe Minister of Defence is the French government cabinet member charged with running the military of France.A "Secretary of State for War" was one of the four specialised secretaries of state established in France in 1589. This Secretary of State was responsible for the Army. In 1791, the...
- André Tardieu
André Pierre Gabriel Amédée Tardieu was three times Prime Minister of France and a dominant figure of French political life in 1929-1932.-Biography:Tardieu was a graduate of the elite Lycée Condorcet...
- Minister of the InteriorThe Minister of the Interior in France is one of the most important governmental cabinet positions, responsible for the following:...
- Henry Chéron - Minister of Finance
The Minister for the Economy, Industry and Employment , or Minister of Finance for short, is one of the most prominent positions in the cabinet of France after the Prime Minister....
- Louis Loucheur
Louis Loucheur was a French politician in the Third Republic, member of the conservative Republican Federation.-Life:...
- Minister of Labour, Hygiene, Welfare Work, and Social Security Provisions
- Louis Barthou
Jean Louis Barthou was a French politician of the Third Republic.-Early years:He was born in Oloron-Sainte-Marie, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, and served as Deputy from that constituency. He was an authority on trade union history and law...
- Minister of JusticeThe French Minister of Justice is a top-level cabinet position in the French government. The current Minister of Justice is Michèle Alliot-Marie.The Minister's roles are to:...
- Georges Leygues
Georges Leygues was a French politician of the Third Republic. During his time as Minister of Marine he worked with the navy's chief of staff Henri Salaun in unsuccessful attempts to gain naval re-armament priority for government funding over army rearmament such as the Maginot Line.He was born...
- Minister of Marine
- Laurent Eynac
Laurent Eynac was a French politician who was appointed Minister of Transportation on 7 June 1935 until 24 January 1936.He was born in Le Monastier-sur-Gazeille, Haute-Loire....
- Minister of AirFrom 1928-1947, the Minister of Air was, in the Government of France , the cabinet member in charge of the French Air Force...
- Pierre Marraud
Pierre Marraud was a French politician born in Port-Sainte-Marie 8 January 1861, died in Paris .*Préfet in 1900, Councillor of State, commissaire du gouvernement at the end of the First World War until becoming prefect of in 1918....
- Minister of Public InstructionThe Ministry of National Education, Advanced Instruction, and Research is the French government cabinet member charged with running France's public educational system and with the supervision of agreements and authorizations for private teaching...
and Fine ArtsThe Minister of Culture is, in the Government of France, the cabinet member in charge of national museums and monuments; promoting and protecting the arts in France and abroad; and managing the national archives and regional "maisons de culture"...
- Louis Antériou - Minister of Pensions
- Jean Hennessy - Minister of Agriculture
The Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries of France is the governmental body charged with regulation and policy, for agriculture, fisheries, forestry and food. The department is headquartered in Hotel Villeroy, at No...
- André Maginot
André Maginot was a French civil servant, soldier, and Member of Parliament. He is undoubtedly best known for his advocacy for the string of forts that would be known as the Maginot Line.- Early years, to World War I :...
- Minister of ColoniesThe Minister of Overseas France is a cabinet member in the Government of France responsible for overseeing French overseas departments and territories .The position is currently held by Brice Hortefeux, who is also the Minister of the Interior...
- Pierre Forgeot - Minister of Public Works
The Minister of Public Works was a cabinet member in the Government of France. Formerly known as "Ministre des Travaux Publics" , in 1870, it was largely subsumed by the position of Minister of Transportation. Since the 1960s, the positions of Minister of Public Works has reappeared, often...
- Georges Bonnefous - Minister of Commerce and Industry
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