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The ANZAC Mounted Division was a mounted infantry (light horse
Light Horse

Australian Light Horse were mounted troops with characteristics of both cavalry and mounted infantry. They served during the Second Boer War and World War I....
) division
Division (military)

A division is a large military unit or Formation usually consisting of between ten to thirty thousand soldiers. In most armies, a division is composed of several regiments or brigades, and in turn several divisions make up a corps....
 formed in March 1916 in Egypt
Egypt

Egypt is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Western Asia. Covering an area of about , Egypt borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west....
 during World War I
World War I

World War I, or the First World War , was a global military conflict which involved the Great powers, organized into two opposing military alliances: the Allies of World War I and the Central Powers....
 following the Battle of Gallipoli
Battle of Gallipoli

The Gallipoli Campaign took place at Gallipoli peninsula in Turkey from 25 April 1915 to 9 January 1916, during the World War I. A joint British Empire and French operation was mounted to capture the Ottoman Empire capital of Constantinople , and secure a sea route to Russia....
 when the Australia
Australia

Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the southern hemisphere comprising the Australia of the world's smallest continent, the major island of Tasmania, and numerous list of islands of Australia in the Indian Ocean and Pacific Oceans....
n and New Zealand
New Zealand

New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses , and numerous Islands of New Zealand, most notably Stewart Island/Rakiura and the Chatham Islands....
 mounted regiments returned from fighting as infantry
Infantry

Infantry are soldiers who are primarily trained for the role of fighting on foot. A soldier in the infantry is known as an infantryman. Infantry units have more physically demanding training than other branches of armies, and place a greater emphasis on fitness, physical strength and aggression....
. For the remainder of the war it served in the Middle East
Middle East

File:GreaterMiddleEast1.pngThe Middle East is a region that spans southwestern Asia, western Asia, and northeastern Africa. It has no clear boundaries, often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East....
, in the Sinai
Sinai Peninsula

The Sinai Peninsula or Sinai is a triangular peninsula in Egypt. It lies between the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Red Sea to the south, forming a land bridge between Africa and Southwest Asia....
, Palestine
Palestine

Palestine is a name which has been widely used since Roman times to refer to the region between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River. It is derived from a name used already much earlier for a narrower geographical region, mainly along the coastal region....
 and Syria
Syria

Syria , officially the Syrian Arab Republic , is an Arab-majority country in Southwest Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Israel to the southwest, Jordan to the south, Iraq to the east, and Turkey to the north....
.

The title ANZAC
Anzac

ANZAC is an acronym for Australian and New Zealand Army Corps, an army corps that fought at the Battle of Gallipoli in World War I and was disbanded in 1916....
 indicated its composite Australian and New Zealand nature and as such was possibly the first official use of this term for this purpose, rather than as a designation for an army corps
Corps

A Corps is either a large formation , or an administrative grouping of troops within an armed force with a common function such as Artillery or Signals representing an arm of service....
.

division contained three or four mounted brigade
Brigade

A brigade is a military unit that is typically composed of two to five regiments or battalions, depending on the era and nationality of a given army....
s.






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The ANZAC Mounted Division was a mounted infantry (light horse
Light Horse

Australian Light Horse were mounted troops with characteristics of both cavalry and mounted infantry. They served during the Second Boer War and World War I....
) division
Division (military)

A division is a large military unit or Formation usually consisting of between ten to thirty thousand soldiers. In most armies, a division is composed of several regiments or brigades, and in turn several divisions make up a corps....
 formed in March 1916 in Egypt
Egypt

Egypt is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Western Asia. Covering an area of about , Egypt borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west....
 during World War I
World War I

World War I, or the First World War , was a global military conflict which involved the Great powers, organized into two opposing military alliances: the Allies of World War I and the Central Powers....
 following the Battle of Gallipoli
Battle of Gallipoli

The Gallipoli Campaign took place at Gallipoli peninsula in Turkey from 25 April 1915 to 9 January 1916, during the World War I. A joint British Empire and French operation was mounted to capture the Ottoman Empire capital of Constantinople , and secure a sea route to Russia....
 when the Australia
Australia

Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the southern hemisphere comprising the Australia of the world's smallest continent, the major island of Tasmania, and numerous list of islands of Australia in the Indian Ocean and Pacific Oceans....
n and New Zealand
New Zealand

New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses , and numerous Islands of New Zealand, most notably Stewart Island/Rakiura and the Chatham Islands....
 mounted regiments returned from fighting as infantry
Infantry

Infantry are soldiers who are primarily trained for the role of fighting on foot. A soldier in the infantry is known as an infantryman. Infantry units have more physically demanding training than other branches of armies, and place a greater emphasis on fitness, physical strength and aggression....
. For the remainder of the war it served in the Middle East
Middle East

File:GreaterMiddleEast1.pngThe Middle East is a region that spans southwestern Asia, western Asia, and northeastern Africa. It has no clear boundaries, often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East....
, in the Sinai
Sinai Peninsula

The Sinai Peninsula or Sinai is a triangular peninsula in Egypt. It lies between the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Red Sea to the south, forming a land bridge between Africa and Southwest Asia....
, Palestine
Palestine

Palestine is a name which has been widely used since Roman times to refer to the region between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River. It is derived from a name used already much earlier for a narrower geographical region, mainly along the coastal region....
 and Syria
Syria

Syria , officially the Syrian Arab Republic , is an Arab-majority country in Southwest Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Israel to the southwest, Jordan to the south, Iraq to the east, and Turkey to the north....
.

The title ANZAC
Anzac

ANZAC is an acronym for Australian and New Zealand Army Corps, an army corps that fought at the Battle of Gallipoli in World War I and was disbanded in 1916....
 indicated its composite Australian and New Zealand nature and as such was possibly the first official use of this term for this purpose, rather than as a designation for an army corps
Corps

A Corps is either a large formation , or an administrative grouping of troops within an armed force with a common function such as Artillery or Signals representing an arm of service....
.

Unit history


Formation

The division contained three or four mounted brigade
Brigade

A brigade is a military unit that is typically composed of two to five regiments or battalions, depending on the era and nationality of a given army....
s. At its core were the following three brigades:

1st Light Horse Brigade
1st Light Horse Brigade

The 1st Light Horse Brigade was a mounted infantry brigade of the First Australian Imperial Force they served in the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I....

  • 1st Light Horse Regiment (New South Wales
    New South Wales

    New South Wales is Australia's oldest and most populous States and territories of Australia, located in the south-east of the country, north of Victoria and south of Queensland....
    )
  • 2nd Light Horse Regiment (Queensland
    Queensland

    Queensland is a States and territories of Australia of Australia, occupying the north-eastern section of the mainland continent. It is bordered by the Northern Territory to the west, South Australia to the south-west and New South Wales to the south....
     and Northern Territory
    Northern Territory

    The Northern Territory is a federal states and territories of Australia of Australia, occupying much of the centre of the mainland continent, as well as the central northern regions....
    )
  • 3rd Light Horse Regiment (South Australia
    South Australia

    South Australia is a States and territories of Australia of Australia in the southern central part of the country. It covers some of the most arid parts of the continent; with a total land area of , it is the fourth largest of Australia's six states and two territories....
     and Tasmania
    Tasmania

    Tasmania is an Australian island and States and territories of Australia of the same name. It is located south of the eastern side of the continent, being separated from it by Bass Strait....
    )


2nd Light Horse Brigade
2nd Light Horse Brigade

The 2nd Light Horse Brigade was a mounted infantry brigade of the First Australian Imperial Force they served in the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I....

  • 5th Light Horse Regiment (Queensland)
  • 6th Light Horse Regiment (New South Wales)
  • 7th Light Horse Regiment (New South Wales)


New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade
New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade

The New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade, consisting usually of four units of mounted infantry, fought in World War I and World War II. During World War One, it was a part of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps ....

  • Auckland Mounted Rifle Regiment
    Auckland Mounted Rifle Regiment

    The Auckland Mounted Rifle Regiment was a New Zealand Mounted Regiment formed for service during the Great War. It was formed from units of the Territorial Foirce consisting of the 3rd Mounted Rifles the 4th Mounted Rifles and the 11th Mounted Rifles....
  • Canterbury Mounted Rifle Regiment
    Canterbury Mounted Rifle Regiment

    The Canterbury Mounted Rifle Regiment was a New Zealand Mounted Regiment formed for service during the Great War.It was formed from Units of the Territorial Force consisting of the 1st Mounted Rifles and the 8th Mounted Rifles....
  • Wellington Mounted Rifle Regiment
    Wellington Mounted Rifle Regiment

    The Wellington Mounted Regiment was a New Zealand Mounted Regiment formed for service during the Great War. It was formed from units of the Territorial Force consisting of the Queen Alexandra's 2nd Mounted Rifles the 6th Mounted Rifles the 9th Mounted Rifles and the 10th Mounted Rifles....


Light Horse Field Ambulance



During the Sinai campaign, the 3rd Light Horse Brigade
3rd Light Horse Brigade

The 3rd Light Horse Brigade was a mounted infantry brigade of the First Australian Imperial Force which served in the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I....
 was also part of the division before moving to the Imperial Mounted Division (which was subsequently retitled the Australian Mounted Division
Australian Mounted Division

The Australian Mounted Division was a mounted infantry division formed in Egypt during World War I. When the United Kingdom forces in the Middle East expanded in late 1916, a second mounted division was created called the Imperial Mounted Division....
). During 1917 the British 22nd Mounted (Yeomanry
Yeomanry

Yeomanry is a designation used by a number of units or sub-units of the British Territorial Army, descended from volunteer cavalry regiments. Today Yeomanry units may serve in a variety of different military roles....
) Brigade was attached to the division.

Battles


Sinai

  • Battle of Romani
    Battle of Romani

    The Battle of Romani took place near the Egyptian town of Romani which lies 23 miles east of the Suez Canal near the Mediterranean Sea shore of the Sinai Peninsula peninsula....
  • Battle of Magdhaba
    Battle of Magdhaba

    The Battle of Magdhaba took place near the tiny Egyptian outpost of Magdhaba in the Sinai Peninsula, some 22 miles from El Arish on the Mediterranean coast....
  • Battle of Rafa
    Battle of Rafa

    The Battle of Rafa was a World War I battle that took place at the outpost of Rafa on the border between the Egyptian Sinai Peninsula and Palestine, at that time a part of the Ottoman Empire....
    .


Palestine

  • First Battle of Gaza
    First Battle of Gaza

    The First Battle of Gaza was a World War I battle on the southern border of Palestine. After eight months of painstaking advances, British Empire forces had succeeded in driving the Turkey forces from the Sinai Peninsula where they had been attempting to menace the Allied supply route through the Suez Canal....
     - 2nd Brigade and NZ Brigade
  • Second Battle of Gaza
    Second Battle of Gaza

    The Second Battle of Gaza, fought in southern Palestine during World War I, was the second attempt mounted by British Empire forces to break the Turkey defences along the Gaza-Beersheba line....
  • Third Battle of Gaza
    Third Battle of Gaza

    The Third Battle of Gaza was fought in 1917 in southern Palestine during World War I. The British Empire forces under the command of General Edmund Allenby successfully broke the Turkey defensive Gaza-Beersheba line....
  • Battle of Beersheba
    Battle of Beersheba

    The Battle of Beersheba took place on 31 October 1917, as part of the Sinai and Palestine campaign during World War I. The highlight of the battle was the now famous charge of the Australian, 4th Light Horse Brigade, which covered some six kilometres to overrun and capture the last remaining Turkish Trench warfare, and secure the surviving w...
  • Battle of Megiddo (1918)
    Battle of Megiddo (1918)

    The Battle of Megiddo of 19 September – 21 September 1918, and its subsequent exploitation, was the culminating victory in United Kingdom General Edmund Allenby's conquest of Palestine during World War I....


Syria


Commanders

1916-17: Maj. Gen. H. G. Chauvel
Henry George Chauvel

General Sir Henry George "Harry" Chauvel Order of St Michael and St George, Order of the Bath was a general officer of the First Australian Imperial Force that fought during World War I....

1917-19: Maj. Gen. E.W.C. Chaytor
Edward Chaytor

Major General Sir Edward Walter Clervaux Chaytor Order of St Michael and St George, Royal Victorian Order, Order of the Bath was a farmer, and a military commander of New Zealand troops in the Second Boer War and World War I....


See also

  • Military history of Australia during World War I
    Military history of Australia during World War I

    When World War I broke out in 1914, all of the Commonwealth nations, including Australia, were called to defend Great Britain. Like most of the Commonwealth nations, Australia's sacrifices and contributions to the war would change many facets of Australian history....
  • Waler horse
    Waler horse

    The Waler is an Australian breed of riding horses that developed from the horses that were brought to the Australian colonies in the 1800s. The name comes from their early breeding origins in New South Wales, they were originally known as New South Walers....


External links